ALSA: doc: ReSTize ALSA-Configuration document

A simple conversion from the text file.

Since this is the only document specific to the configurations, it's
put to the root sound subdirectory.

A section describing the obsoleted configure stuff of old alsa-driver
tarball got removed.

Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

3 files changed, 2684 insertions, 2330 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst b/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..aed6b4fb8e46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2683 @@
+==============================================================
+Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide
+==============================================================
+
+
+Kernel Configuration
+====================
+
+To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
+primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``).  Since ALSA can emulate
+OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
+
+Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer
+and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
+
+If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
+SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
+(``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``).
+
+To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
+and "Debug" options.  To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
+too.  "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
+
+Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
+(if the card supports ISA PnP).  You don't need to configure the cards
+using isapnptools.
+
+
+Module parameters
+=================
+
+The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
+one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
+specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
+
+
+Module snd
+----------
+
+The core ALSA module.  It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
+It takes the following options which have global effects.
+
+major
+    major number for sound driver;
+    Default: 116
+cards_limit
+    limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8);
+    Default: 1;
+    For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option
+    together with snd-card-X aliases.
+slots
+    Reserve the slot index for the given driver;
+    This option takes multiple strings.
+    See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details.
+debug
+    Specifies the debug message level;
+    (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
+    2 = verbose debug messages);
+    This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``.
+    This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
+    /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
+  
+Module snd-pcm-oss
+------------------
+
+The PCM OSS emulation module.
+This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
+
+dsp_map
+    PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
+    Default: 0
+adsp_map
+    PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
+    Default: 1
+nonblock_open
+    Don't block opening busy PCM devices;
+    Default: 1
+
+For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
+the card #0.  Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped
+to PCM #0 of the card #0.
+For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
+commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``.
+
+``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
+regarding opening the device.  When this option is non-zero,
+opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
+immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
+    
+Module snd-rawmidi
+------------------
+
+This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
+similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
+
+midi_map
+    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
+    Default: 0
+amidi_map
+    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
+    Default: 1
+
+Common parameters for top sound card modules
+--------------------------------------------
+
+Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
+
+index
+    index (slot #) of sound card;
+    Values: 0 through 31 or negative;
+    If nonnegative, assign that index number;
+    if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices;
+    the first free permitted index is assigned;
+    Default: -1
+id
+    card ID (identifier or name);
+    Can be up to 15 characters long;
+    Default: the card type;
+    A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
+    containing information about the card;
+    This ID can be used instead of the index number in
+    identifying the card
+enable
+    enable card;
+    Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
+
+Module snd-adlib
+----------------
+
+Module for AdLib FM cards.
+
+port
+    port # for OPL chip
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
+the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
+Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
+synthesis.
+
+Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and,
+after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
+number through ``sbiload -l``.
+
+Example output:
+::
+
+      Port     Client name                       Port name
+      64:0     OPL2 FM synth                     OPL2 FM Port
+
+Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``:
+::
+
+      sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
+
+If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3``
+instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils:
+::
+
+      aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
+
+Module snd-ad1816a
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
+
+clockfreq
+    Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
+    
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
+    
+Module snd-ad1848
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
+
+port
+    port # for AD1848 chip
+irq
+    IRQ # for AD1848  chip
+dma1
+    DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
+    
+This module supports multiple cards.  It does not support autoprobe
+thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
+    
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ad1889
+-----------------
+
+Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
+
+ac97_quirk
+    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+    See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-ali5451
+------------------
+
+Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
+
+pcm_channels
+    Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
+spdif
+    Support SPDIF I/O;
+    Default: disabled
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-als100
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-als300
+-----------------
+
+Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-als4000
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
+
+joystick_port
+    port # for legacy joystick support;
+    0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
+    
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-asihpi
+-----------------
+
+Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
+
+enable_hpi_hwdep
+    enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-atiixp
+-----------------
+
+Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
+
+ac97_clock
+    AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
+ac97_quirk
+    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
+ac97_codec
+    Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing.
+    If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
+    (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the
+    specified codec.)
+spdif_aclink
+    S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output.  One is
+over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output.  The
+implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
+choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-atiixp-modem
+-----------------------
+
+Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
+-----------------------------------------
+
+Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
+
+pcifix
+    Control PCI workarounds;
+    0 = Disable all workarounds,
+    1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff,
+    2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
+    Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge,
+    3 = Force both settings,
+    255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
+
+This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
+EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
+Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
+http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
+SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
+``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
+The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and 
+Advantage.
+
+Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate 
+control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
+another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
+
+Module snd-azt1605
+------------------
+
+Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
+chipset.
+
+port
+    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
+wss_port
+    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
+irq
+    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
+dma1
+    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
+fm_port
+    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
+``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
+The other values are optional.
+
+``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
+or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
+their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
+be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
+
+If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
+full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
+enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
+
+Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
+mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
+
+Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
+legacy ISA in your BIOS.
+
+Module snd-azt2316
+------------------
+
+Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
+chipset.
+
+port
+    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
+wss_port
+    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
+irq
+    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
+dma1
+    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
+fm_port
+    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
+``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
+The other values are optional.
+
+``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
+or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
+their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
+be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
+
+If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
+full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
+enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
+
+Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
+mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
+
+Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
+legacy ISA in your BIOS.
+
+Module snd-aw2
+--------------
+
+Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-azt2320
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
+
+This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-azt3328
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
+
+joystick
+    Enable joystick (default off)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-bt87x
+----------------
+
+Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
+
+digital_rate
+    Override the default digital rate (Hz)
+load_all
+    Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+Module snd-ca0106
+-----------------
+
+Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+
+Module snd-cmi8330
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+wssport
+    port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
+wssirq
+    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
+wssdma
+    first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
+sbport
+    port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+sbirq
+    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+sbdma8
+    8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+sbdma16
+    16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
+fmport
+    (optional) OPL3 I/O port
+mpuport
+    (optional) MPU401 I/O port
+mpuirq
+    (optional) MPU401 irq #
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cmipci
+-----------------
+
+Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
+
+mpu_port
+    port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
+    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
+    0 = disable (default)
+fm_port
+    port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
+    0x388 = legacy port,
+    1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
+    0 = disable
+soft_ac3
+    Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1)
+joystick_port
+    Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs4231
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
+
+port
+    port # for CS4231 chip
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
+irq
+    IRQ # for CS4231 chip
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
+dma1
+    first DMA # for CS4231 chip
+dma2
+    second DMA # for CS4231 chip
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
+thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs4236
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
+CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
+cport
+    control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
+fm_port
+    FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
+irq
+    IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+    first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
+(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
+specified!!! Other ports are optional.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
+snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
+
+Module snd-cs4281
+-----------------
+
+Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
+
+dual_codec
+    Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs46xx
+-----------------
+
+Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
+CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
+
+external_amp
+    Force to enable external amplifier.
+thinkpad
+    Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
+mmap_valid
+    Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
+from PCI sub vendor/device ids.  If they don't work, give the options
+above explicitly.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-cs5530
+-----------------
+
+Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip. 
+
+Module snd-cs5535audio
+----------------------
+
+Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ctxfi
+----------------
+
+Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
+
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
+* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
+	
+reference_rate
+    reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
+multiple
+    multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
+subsystem
+    override the PCI SSID for probing;
+    the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.
+    The default is zero, which means no override.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-darla20
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Darla20
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-darla24
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Darla24
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-dt019x
+-----------------
+
+Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
+only)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.  This module is enabled only with
+ISA PnP support.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-dummy
+----------------
+
+Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
+or input, but you may use this module for any application which
+requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
+
+pcm_devs
+    Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4)
+pcm_substreams
+    Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128)
+hrtimer
+    Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
+fake_buffer
+    Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
+
+When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
+behavior to each PCM device:
+* 0 = interleaved with mmap support
+* 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
+* 2 = interleaved without mmap 
+* 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
+
+As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
+but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
+buffer pages, in order to save the resources.  If your apps need
+the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
+option.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-echo3g
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-emu10k1
+------------------
+
+Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
+
+* Sound Blaster Live!
+* Sound Blaster PCI 512
+* Emu APS (partially supported)
+* Sound Blaster Audigy
+	
+extin
+    bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
+extout
+    bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
+seq_ports
+    allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
+max_synth_voices
+    limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
+max_buffer_size
+    specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB
+    unit.  Default value is 128.
+enable_ir
+    enable IR
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Input & Output configurations 			[extin/extout]
+* Creative Card wo/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f03]
+* Creative Card w/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card w/Digital CD in			[0x000f/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
+* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
+* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive	[0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
+* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2  [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
+* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fff]
+* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003			[0x3fc3/0x7cff]
+* Creative Card all ins and outs		[0x3fff/0x7fff]
+  
+The power-management is supported.
+  
+Module snd-emu10k1x
+-------------------
+
+Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-ens1370
+------------------
+
+Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
+
+* SoundBlaster PCI 64
+* SoundBlaster PCI 128
+    
+joystick
+    Enable joystick (default off)
+  
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ens1371
+------------------
+
+Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
+
+* SoundBlaster PCI 64
+* SoundBlaster PCI 128
+* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
+      
+joystick_port
+    port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable
+    (default), 1 = auto-detect
+  
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-es1688
+-----------------
+
+Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
+fm_port
+    port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+irq
+    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
+and PnP with the ES968 chip.
+
+Module snd-es18xx
+-----------------
+
+Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
+fm_port
+    port # for FM (optional, not used)
+irq
+    IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
+port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
+When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-es1938
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-es1968
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
+
+total_bufsize
+    total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
+pcm_substreams_p
+    playback channels (1-8, default=2)
+pcm_substreams_c
+    capture channels (1-8, default=0)
+clock
+    clock (0 = auto-detection)
+use_pm
+    support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
+enable_mpu
+    enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
+joystick
+    enable joystick (default off)       
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-fm801
+----------------
+
+Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
+
+tea575x_tuner
+    Enable TEA575x tuner;
+    1 = MediaForte 256-PCS,
+    2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR,
+    3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
+    High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1;
+    example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
+	  
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-gina20
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Gina20
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-gina24
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Gina24
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-gusclassic
+---------------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
+
+port
+    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+joystick_dac
+    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+voices
+    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
+pcm_voices
+    reserved PCM voices
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Module snd-gusextreme
+---------------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
+
+port
+    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+gf1_port
+    port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
+irq
+    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
+gf1_irq
+    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
+dma1
+    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
+joystick_dac
+    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+voices
+    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
+pcm_voices
+    reserved PCM voices
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
+
+Module snd-gusmax
+-----------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
+
+port
+    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+joystick_dac
+    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+voices
+    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
+pcm_voices
+    reserved PCM voices
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Module snd-hda-intel
+--------------------
+
+Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
+PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
+RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461
+
+[Multiple options for each card instance]
+
+model
+    force the model name
+position_fix
+    Fix DMA pointer;
+    -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware,
+    0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work,
+    1 = use LPIB,
+    2 = POSBUF: use position buffer,
+    3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture,
+    4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
+probe_mask
+    Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots);
+    When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
+    as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
+    slots regardless what hardware reports back
+probe_only
+    Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
+    Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
+bdl_pos_adj
+    Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
+    Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
+    value based on the controller chip.
+patch
+    Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup
+    before initializing the codecs.
+    This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y``
+    is set.  See hd-audio/notes.rst for details.
+beep_mode
+    Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on);
+    default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig.
+
+[Single (global) options]
+
+single_cmd
+    Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs
+    (for debugging only)
+enable_msi
+    Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
+power_save
+    Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable)
+power_save_controller
+    Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on)
+align_buffer_size
+    Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes.
+    This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't
+    required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying
+    exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on)
+snoop
+    Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver.
+
+Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
+If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
+configuration is set up.  You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to
+specify a certain model in such a case.  There are different
+models depending on the codec chip.  The list of available models
+is found in hd-audio/models.rst.
+
+The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case.  When this
+model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
+"codec-patch".  It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
+
+If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
+matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
+output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
+ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_).
+
+``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving
+mode.  See powersave.txt for details.
+
+Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
+``position_fix=1`` or ``2``.  ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB
+register value without FIFO size correction as the current
+DMA pointer.  ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use
+the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
+(Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
+position buffer.)
+
+``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices.  The position
+of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
+values.  ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB
+for playback and POSBUF for capture.
+
+NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at
+loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
+routing).  Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``.  Also, you
+can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option.  This will switch the
+communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
+single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB.  Basically, the
+single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
+unsolicited events, too.  But, at least, this works independently
+from the irq.  Remember this is a last resort, and should be
+avoided as much as possible...
+
+MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS:
+On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
+to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead.
+This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
+(likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
+bus.  You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
+``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec
+proc files.  Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
+For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and
+``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-hdsp
+---------------
+
+Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
+when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set.  Otherwise, you need to load
+the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
+package.
+The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
+
+Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
+module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
+when any HDSP cards are found.  To make the buffer
+allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
+stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
+section.
+
+Module snd-hdspm
+----------------
+
+Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
+
+precise_ptr
+    Enable precise pointer, or disable.
+line_outs_monitor
+    Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
+enable_monitor
+    Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
+
+See hdspm.txt for details.
+
+Module snd-ice1712
+------------------
+
+Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
+
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
+* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
+* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
+* TerraTec EWS 88MT
+* TerraTec EWS 88D
+* TerraTec EWX 24/96
+* TerraTec DMX 6Fire
+* TerraTec Phase 88
+* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
+* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
+* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
+* Event Electronics, EZ8
+* Digigram VX442
+* Lionstracs, Mediastaton
+* Terrasoniq TS 88
+			
+model
+    Use the given board model, one of the following:
+    delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
+    delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
+    dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
+    phase88, mediastation
+omni
+    Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
+cs8427_timeout
+    reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec
+    resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for
+example in the MidiMan Delta siree).
+
+Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
+SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
+model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
+driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
+type for testing.
+
+Module snd-ice1724
+------------------
+
+Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
+
+* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
+* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
+* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
+* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
+* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
+* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
+* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
+* TerraTec Phase 22
+* TerraTec Phase 28
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
+* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
+* Pontis MS300
+* Albatron K8X800 Pro II 
+* Chaintech ZNF3-150
+* Chaintech ZNF3-250
+* Chaintech 9CJS
+* Chaintech AV-710
+* Shuttle SN25P
+* Onkyo SE-90PCI
+* Onkyo SE-200PCI
+* ESI Juli@
+* ESI Maya44
+* Hercules Fortissimo IV
+* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
+			
+model
+    Use the given board model, one of the following:
+    revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
+    prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
+    juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
+    phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
+    fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
+  
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
+SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
+model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
+driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
+type for testing.
+
+Module snd-indigo
+-----------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Indigo
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-indigodj
+-------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-indigoio
+-------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-intel8x0
+-------------------
+
+Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
+
+* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7,
+  6300ESB, ESB2 
+* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
+* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
+* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
+* ALi m5455
+	  
+ac97_clock
+    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
+ac97_quirk
+    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
+buggy_irq
+    Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards
+    (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off)
+buggy_semaphore
+    Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some
+    ASUS laptops) (default off)
+spdif_aclink
+    Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the
+    controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
+if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
+explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``.
+
+Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver.  If your
+motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
+modules, respectively.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-intel8x0m
+--------------------
+
+Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
+
+* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
+* SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
+* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
+* AMD AMD8111
+* ALi m5455
+	  
+ac97_clock
+    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
+  
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-interwave
+--------------------
+
+Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
+and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
+
+joystick_dac
+    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+midi
+    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
+pcm_voices
+    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
+effect
+    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
+
+Module snd-interwave-stb
+------------------------
+
+Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
+and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
+circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
+
+joystick_dac
+    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
+midi
+    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
+pcm_voices
+    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
+effect
+    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+port_tc
+    tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
+irq
+    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
+dma1
+    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
+dma2
+    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
+
+Module snd-jazz16
+-------------------
+
+Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
+MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
+
+port
+    port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
+irq
+    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
+dma8
+    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
+dma16
+    DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
+mpu_port
+    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+mpu_irq
+    MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-korg1212
+-------------------
+
+Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-layla20
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Layla20
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-layla24
+------------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Layla24
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-lola
+---------------
+
+Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-lx6464es
+-------------------
+
+Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-maestro3
+-------------------
+
+Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
+
+external_amp
+    enable external amp (enabled by default)
+amp_gpio
+    GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8
+    for allegro, 1 for others) 
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
+
+Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
+If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
+specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option. 
+For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d``
+option.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-mia
+---------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Mia
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-miro
+---------------
+
+Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12,
+miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
+
+port
+    Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
+irq
+    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
+dma1
+    1st dma # (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    2nd dma # (0,1)
+mpu_port
+    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+mpu_irq
+    MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
+fm_port
+    FM Port # (0x388)
+wss
+    enable WSS mode
+ide
+    enable onboard ide support
+
+Module snd-mixart
+-----------------
+
+Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
+See MIXART.txt for details.
+
+When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
+is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
+Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
+When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
+firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
+
+Module snd-mona
+---------------
+
+Module for Echoaudio Mona
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-mpu401
+-----------------
+
+Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
+
+port
+    port number or -1 (disable)
+irq
+    IRQ number or -1 (disable)
+pnp
+    PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
+
+Module snd-msnd-classic
+-----------------------
+
+Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
+soundcards.
+
+io
+    Port # for msnd-classic card
+irq
+    IRQ # for msnd-classic card
+mem
+    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
+write_ndelay
+    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
+calibrate_signal
+    calibrate signal (default = 0)
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+digital
+    Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
+cfg
+    Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
+reset
+    Reset all devices
+mpu_io
+    MPU401 I/O port
+mpu_irq
+    MPU401 irq#
+ide_io0
+    IDE port #0
+ide_io1
+    IDE port #1
+ide_irq
+    IDE irq#
+joystick_io
+    Joystick I/O port
+
+The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and
+``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
+
+See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
+about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the 
+Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
+at
+http://www.turtlebeach.com
+
+Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
+------------------------
+
+Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
+
+io
+    Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
+irq
+    IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
+mem
+    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
+write_ndelay
+    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
+calibrate_signal
+    calibrate signal (default = 0)
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and
+``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
+
+Module snd-mtpav
+----------------
+
+Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
+port).
+
+port
+    I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
+irq
+    IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
+hwports
+    number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
+
+Module supports only 1 card.  This module has no enable option.
+
+Module snd-mts64
+----------------
+
+Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
+
+This module supports multiple devices.
+Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``).
+
+Module snd-nm256
+----------------
+
+Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
+
+playback_bufsize
+    max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
+capture_bufsize
+    max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
+force_ac97
+    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
+buffer_top
+    specify buffer top address
+use_cache
+    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
+vaio_hack
+    alias buffer_top=0x25a800
+reset_workaround
+    enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
+reset_workaround2
+    enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
+automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
+In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
+the buffer_top option.
+For example,
+Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
+Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
+The driver supports only ac97 codec.  It's possible to force
+to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected.  In such a
+case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
+works!
+
+Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
+codecs.  This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
+with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
+even though the device is detected in lspci.  In such a case, try
+other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2.  Some has ISA-PnP
+but some doesn't have ISA PnP.  You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0``
+and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
+
+Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET.  For the
+known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
+workaround is enabled automatically.  For other laptops with a
+hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option.
+
+Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
+AC97 RESET.  On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
+turned on as default.  This option is worth to try if the
+previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
+
+Note: This driver is really crappy.  It's a porting from the
+OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
+The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
+X-server as described above.  You might be able to force to load
+the module, but it may result in hang-up.   Hence, make sure that
+you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
+problem.
+
+Module snd-opl3sa2
+------------------
+
+Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
+sb_port
+    SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
+wss_port
+    WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+midi_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
+fm_port
+    FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
+irq
+    IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+    first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
+
+This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.  It does not support
+autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
+-------------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
+Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+fm_port
+    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
+irq
+    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
+-------------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+fm_port
+    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
+irq
+    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-opti93x
+------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
+
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
+fm_port
+    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
+irq
+    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
+dma1
+    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+dma2
+    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
+
+This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
+
+Module snd-oxygen
+-----------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
+
+* Asound A-8788
+* Asus Xonar DG/DGX
+* AuzenTech X-Meridian
+* AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
+* Bgears b-Enspirer
+* Club3D Theatron DTS
+* HT-Omega Claro (plus)
+* HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
+* Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
+* Razer Barracuda AC-1
+* Sondigo Inferno
+* TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
+* TempoTec HiFier Serenade
+    
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
+  
+Module snd-pcsp
+---------------
+
+Module for internal PC-Speaker.
+
+nopcm
+    Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
+nforce_wa
+    enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
+
+This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
+even a few mixer controls.
+
+Module snd-pcxhr
+----------------
+
+Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-portman2x4
+---------------------
+
+Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
+---------------------------------
+
+Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
+
+enable_beep
+    enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
+
+Module supports autoprobe a chip.
+
+Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
+------------------------------------
+
+Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
+
+For ARM architecture only.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-riptide
+------------------
+
+Module for Conexant Riptide chip
+
+joystick_port
+    Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
+mpu_port
+    MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
+opl3_port
+    OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard
+firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
+
+Module snd-rme32
+----------------
+
+Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32, 
+Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-rme96
+----------------
+
+Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-rme9652
+------------------
+
+Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
+
+precise_ptr
+    Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
+module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
+when any RME9652 cards are found.  To make the buffer
+allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
+stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
+section.
+
+Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
+---------------------------------------
+
+Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
+
+Module supports only one card.
+Module has no enable and index options.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-sb8
+--------------
+
+Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0,
+SoundBlaster Pro
+
+port
+    port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+irq
+    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
+-----------------------------
+
+Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
+SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
+
+mic_agc
+    Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+csp
+    ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
+
+port
+    port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
+mpu_port
+    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
+awe_port
+    base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe
+    module only)
+irq
+    IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
+dma8
+    8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
+dma16
+    16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
+
+This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
+
+Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
+disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
+Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
+half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
+16-bit DMA channel.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-sc6000
+-----------------
+
+Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and
+SC-7000.
+
+port
+    Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
+mss_port
+    MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
+irq
+    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
+mpu_irq
+    MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
+dma
+    DMA # (1,3,0)
+joystick
+    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
+
+Module snd-sscape
+-----------------
+
+Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
+
+port
+    Port # (PnP setup)
+wss_port
+    WSS Port # (PnP setup)
+irq
+    IRQ # (PnP setup)
+mpu_irq
+    MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
+dma
+    DMA # (PnP setup)
+dma2
+    2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
+joystick
+    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
+
+Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
+--------------------------------------
+
+Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
+-------------------------------------
+
+Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
+-----------------------------------
+
+Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-wavefront
+--------------------
+
+Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
+
+use_cs4232_midi
+    Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
+    (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
+isapnp
+    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
+
+with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
+
+cs4232_pcm_port
+    Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
+cs4232_pcm_irq
+    IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
+cs4232_mpu_port
+    Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
+cs4232_mpu_irq
+    IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
+ics2115_port
+    Port # for ICS2115
+ics2115_irq
+    IRQ # for ICS2115
+fm_port
+    FM OPL-3 Port #
+dma1
+    DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
+dma2
+    DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
+
+The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
+
+wf_raw
+    Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no);
+    If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
+    ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
+fx_raw
+    Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes);
+    If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
+    when the driver is loaded.  The default is to download the
+    microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
+    "default" operation, whatever that means.
+debug_default
+    Debug parameters for card initialization
+wait_usecs
+    How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150);
+    This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
+    based on my limited experimentation. 
+    If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
+    my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
+    to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
+    without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
+    CPU. 
+    Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
+    waits, only about 250 result in a sleep. 
+sleep_interval
+    How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100)
+sleep_tries
+    How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50)
+ospath
+    Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os);
+    The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware.  In the recent
+    version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
+    must be installed in the proper path, typically,
+    /lib/firmware.
+reset_time
+    How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2)
+ramcheck_time
+    How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20)
+osrun_time
+    How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
+
+Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier
+version in /etc.  Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
+must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
+Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
+regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
+
+Module snd-sonicvibes
+---------------------
+
+Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
+* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
+  
+reverb
+    Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default);
+    SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
+mge
+    Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+Module snd-serial-u16550
+------------------------
+
+Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
+
+port
+    port # for UART16550A chip
+irq
+    IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
+speed
+    speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
+    38400 = default
+base
+    base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
+    115200 = default
+outs
+    number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
+    1 = default
+adaptor
+    Type of adaptor.
+	0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
+	3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
+
+This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
+thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
+
+Module snd-trident
+------------------
+
+Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
+* Best Union  Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
+* HIS  4DWave PCI
+* Warpspeed  ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
+* AzTech  PCI 64-Q3D
+* Addonics  SV 750
+* CHIC  True Sound 4Dwave
+* Shark  Predator4D-PCI
+* Jaton  SonicWave 4D
+* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
+* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
+		    
+pcm_channels
+    max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
+wavetable_size
+    max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
+
+This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ua101
+----------------
+
+Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+Module snd-usb-audio
+--------------------
+
+Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
+
+vid
+    Vendor ID for the device (optional)
+pid
+    Product ID for the device (optional)
+nrpacks
+    Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
+device_setup
+    Device specific magic number (optional);
+    Influence depends on the device
+    Default: 0x0000 
+ignore_ctl_error
+    Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no)
+autoclock
+    Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes)
+quirk_alias
+    Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
+    applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
+    device 0123:abcd.
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
+Don't put the value over 20.  Changing via sysfs has no sanity
+check.
+
+NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing
+the mixer element such as URB error -22.  This happens on some
+buggy USB device or the controller.
+
+NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
+If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
+adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
+
+Module snd-usb-caiaq
+--------------------
+
+Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
+
+* Native Instruments RigKontrol2
+* Native Instruments Kore Controller
+* Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
+* Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
+	
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+  
+Module snd-usb-usx2y
+--------------------
+
+Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
+
+This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
+
+Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included
+in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
+
+Module snd-via82xx
+------------------
+
+Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A,
+8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
+
+mpu_port
+    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
+    [VIA686A/686B only]
+joystick
+    Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
+ac97_clock
+    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
+dxs_support
+    support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
+    3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different
+    sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
+ac97_quirk
+    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
+    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
+
+This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
+
+Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
+not be generated properly.  In such a case, please try to
+set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
+default value 1.4.  Then the interrupt number will be
+assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
+
+Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
+channels as the first PCM.  On these channels, up to 4
+streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
+can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
+each channel.
+As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen
+except for the known devices since the output is often
+noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
+bug of BIOS.
+Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other
+sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
+know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
+``lspci -nv``).
+If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it
+doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1.  (dxs_support=1 is
+usually for old motherboards.  The correct implemented
+board should work with 4 or 5.)  If it still doesn't
+work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the
+right choice.  If the default setting doesn't work at all,
+try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels.
+In any cases, please let us know the result and the
+subsystem vendor/device ids.  See `Links and Addresses`_
+below.
+
+Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
+additionally.  The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-via82xx-modem
+------------------------
+
+Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
+
+ac97_clock
+    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
+
+This module supports one card and autoprobe.
+
+Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
+slot is excluded.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-virmidi
+------------------
+
+Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
+This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
+to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
+
+midi_devs
+    MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-virtuoso
+-------------------
+
+Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
+i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
+Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
+
+Module snd-vx222
+----------------
+
+Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
+
+mic
+    Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
+ibl
+    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.
+
+When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
+is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
+Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
+When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
+firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.  To invoke
+vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+
+::
+
+  install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\
+    && /usr/bin/vxloader
+
+(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to
+/etc/modules.conf, instead.)
+IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM.  The smaller size
+gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
+The size is usually aligned to 126.  As default (=0), the smallest
+size is chosen.  The possible IBL values can be found in
+/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-vxpocket
+-------------------
+
+Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
+
+ibl
+    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
+
+This module supports multiple cards.  The module is compiled only when
+PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
+
+With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
+manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf.  See the
+sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.  2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
+longer require a config file.
+
+When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
+is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
+Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
+When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
+firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
+
+About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
+
+Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
+ALSA 1.0.10.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-ymfpci
+-----------------
+
+Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
+
+mpu_port
+    0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
+    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
+fm_port
+    0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
+    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
+joystick_port
+    0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
+    1 (auto-detect)
+rear_switch
+    enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
+
+This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+Module snd-pdaudiocf
+--------------------
+
+Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
+
+The power-management is supported.
+
+
+AC97 Quirk Option
+=================
+
+The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
+specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
+snd-intel8x0.  Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
+and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
+specifications from version to version :-)
+
+The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
+but some might be unknown or wrongly detected.  In such a case, pass
+the proper value with this option.
+
+The following strings are accepted:
+
+default
+    Don't override the default setting
+none
+    Disable the quirk
+hp_only
+    Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
+swap_hp
+    Swap headphone and master controls
+swap_surround
+    Swap master and surround controls
+ad_sharing
+    For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
+alc_jack
+    For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
+inv_eapd
+    Inverted EAPD implementation
+mute_led
+    Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
+
+For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ...
+are  accepted, too.
+
+For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device
+but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
+
+
+Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
+============================
+
+When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
+supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``.
+If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
+For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option
+together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
+
+When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
+will be not built in.
+
+
+Module Autoloading Support
+==========================
+
+The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
+module aliases.  The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native
+devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven.
+
+To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
+``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which
+corresponds to the card index of ALSA.  Usually, define this
+as the same card module.
+
+An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
+::
+
+    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+    alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
+    alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
+    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+
+The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
+option ``cards_limit`` of snd module.  As default it's set to 1.
+To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
+sound cards in that option.
+
+When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
+number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
+cards is kept consistent.
+
+An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
+::
+
+    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+    # ALSA portion
+    options snd cards_limit=2
+    alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
+    alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
+    options snd-interwave index=0
+    options snd-ens1371 index=1
+    # OSS/Free portion
+    alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
+    alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
+    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
+
+In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
+(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
+
+Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
+``slots`` option of snd module.  In the case above, specify like the
+following: 
+::
+
+    options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
+
+Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
+the second (#1) for snd-ens1371.  You can omit index option in each
+driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
+the same time as long as they don't conflict).
+
+The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
+hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict.  For example, in the
+case above again, the first two slots are already reserved.  If any
+other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
+snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
+
+When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
+modules but that name.  For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve
+the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp. 
+
+
+ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
+=======================================
+::
+
+    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
+    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp)     -> minor 3
+    /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp)   -> minor 12
+    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio1              -> minor 4+16 = 20
+    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp1                -> minor 3+16 = 19
+    /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp1               -> minor 12+16 = 28
+    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio2              -> minor 4+32 = 36
+    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp2                -> minor 3+32 = 39
+    /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp2               -> minor 12+32 = 44
+
+The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means
+sound card number and second means device number.  The ALSA devices
+have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and
+playback, respectively.
+
+Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
+options of snd-pcm-oss module.
+
+
+Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
+==============================
+
+/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
+-------------------------------
+erase
+    erase all additional information about OSS applications
+
+<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]
+    <app_name>
+	name of application with (higher priority) or without path
+    <fragments>
+	 number of fragments or zero if auto
+    <fragment_size>
+	 size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
+    <options>
+	optional parameters
+
+	disable
+	    the application tries to open a pcm device for
+	    this channel but does not want to use it.
+	    (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
+	    It's good for Quake etc...
+	direct
+	    don't use plugins
+	block
+	     force block mode (rvplayer)
+	non-block
+	    force non-block mode
+	whole-frag
+	    write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
+	    playback only)
+	no-silence
+	    do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
+	buggy-ptr
+	    Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
+	    instead of filled blocks
+
+Example:
+::
+
+    echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
+    echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
+    echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
+
+
+Early Buffer Allocation
+=======================
+
+Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
+sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
+actually loaded due to memory fragmentation.  You can pre-allocate the
+PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
+proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
+``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts.
+
+Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
+usage of page allocation.  In writing, you can send the following
+commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
+
+* add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
+
+VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs.  They take
+integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
+MASK is the PCI DMA mask.  Pass 0 if not restricted.
+SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate.  You can pass
+k and m suffix for KB and MB.  The max number is 16MB.
+BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate.  It must be greater
+than 0.  The max number is 4.
+
+* erase
+
+This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
+use.
+
+
+Links and Addresses
+===================
+
+ALSA project homepage
+    http://www.alsa-project.org
+Kernel Bugzilla
+    http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
+ALSA Developers ML
+    mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
+alsa-info.sh script
+    http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index fc53ccd9a629..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2330 +0,0 @@
-
-		Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
-		==========================================
-			    Configuration guide
-
-
-Kernel Configuration
-====================
-
-To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
-primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND).  Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
-you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
-
-Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
-PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
-
-If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
-SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
-(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
-
-To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
-and "Debug" options.  To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
-too.  "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
-
-Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
-(if the card supports ISA PnP).  You don't need to configure the cards
-using isapnptools.
-
-
-Creating ALSA devices
-=====================
-
-This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
-script to create the necessary device nodes.  On some systems you use a
-script named 'snddevices'.
-
-
-Module parameters
-=================
-
-The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
-one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
-specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
-
-Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
-
-  Module snd
-  ----------
-
-    The core ALSA module.  It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
-    It takes the following options which have global effects.
-
-    major	- major number for sound driver
-		- Default: 116
-    cards_limit
-		- limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
-		- Default: 1
-		- For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
-		  option together with snd-card-X aliases.
-    slots	- Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
-		  This option takes multiple strings.		
-		  See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
-    debug	- Specifies the debug message level
-		  (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
-		   2 = verbose debug messages)
-		  This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
-		  This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
-		  /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
-  
-  Module snd-pcm-oss
-  ------------------
-
-    The PCM OSS emulation module.
-    This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
-
-    dsp_map	- PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
-		- Default: 0
-    adsp_map	- PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
-		- Default: 1
-    nonblock_open
-		- Don't block opening busy PCM devices.  Default: 1
-
-    For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
-    the card #0.  Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
-    to PCM #0 of the card #0.
-    For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
-    commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
-
-    nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
-    regarding opening the device.  When this option is non-zero,
-    opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
-    immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
-    
-  Module snd-rawmidi
-  ------------------
-
-    This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
-    similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
-
-    midi_map	- MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
-		- Default: 0
-    amidi_map	- MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
-		- Default: 1
-
-  Common parameters for top sound card modules
-  --------------------------------------------
-
-    Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
-
-    index	- index (slot #) of sound card
-		- Values: 0 through 31 or negative
-		- If nonnegative, assign that index number
-                - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
-		  indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
-		- Default: -1
-    id		- card ID (identifier or name)
-		- Can be up to 15 characters long
-		- Default: the card type
-		- A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
-		  containing information about the card
-		- This ID can be used instead of the index number in
-		  identifying the card
-    enable  	- enable card
-		- Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
-
-  Module snd-adlib
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for AdLib FM cards.
-
-    port	- port # for OPL chip
-
-    This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
-    the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
-    Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
-    synthesis.
-
-    Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
-    after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
-    number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
-
-      Port     Client name                       Port name
-      64:0     OPL2 FM synth                     OPL2 FM Port
-
-    Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
-
-      sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
-
-    If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
-    instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
-
-      aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
-
-  Module snd-ad1816a
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
-
-    clockfreq   - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
-    
-  Module snd-ad1848
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
-
-    port	- port # for AD1848 chip
-    irq		- IRQ # for AD1848  chip
-    dma1	- DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards.  It does not support autoprobe
-    thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-ad1889
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
-
-    ac97_quirk  - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
-                  See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-ali5451
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
-
-    pcm_channels    - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
-    spdif           - Support SPDIF I/O
-    		    - Default: disabled
-
-    This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-als100
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-als300
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for  Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-als4000
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
-
-    joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
-                    0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-asihpi
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
-
-    enable_hpi_hwdep	- enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-atiixp
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
-
-    ac97_clock		- AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
-    ac97_quirk		- AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
-			  See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
-    ac97_codec		- Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec 
-			  instead of probing.  If this works for you
-			  file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
-			  -2  -- Force probing.
-			  -1  -- Default behavior.
-			  0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
-    spdif_aclink	- S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
-
-    This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
-    ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output.  One is
-    over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output.  The
-    implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
-    choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-atiixp-modem
-  -----------------------
-
-    Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
-
-    This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
-    Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
-          slot is excluded.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
-  -----------------------------------------
-
-    Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
-
-    pcifix	- Control PCI workarounds
-		  0 = Disable all workarounds
-		  1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
-		  2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
-		      Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
-		  3 = Force both settings
-		  255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
-
-    This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
-    EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
-    Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
-    http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
-    SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
-    "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
-    The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and 
-    Advantage.
-
-    Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate 
-           control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
-           another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
-
-  Module snd-azt1605
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
-    chipset.
-
-    port	- port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
-    wss_port	- port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
-    irq		- IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
-    dma1	- DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
-    dma2	- DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
-    mpu_irq	- IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
-    fm_port	- port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
-    wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
-    optional.
-
-    "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
-    or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
-    their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
-    be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
-
-    If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
-    full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
-    enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
-
-    Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
-    mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
-
-    Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
-    legacy ISA in your BIOS.
-
-  Module snd-azt2316
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
-    chipset.
-
-    port	- port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
-    wss_port	- port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
-    irq		- IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
-    dma1	- DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
-    dma2	- DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
-    mpu_irq	- IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
-    fm_port	- port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
-    wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
-    optional.
-
-    "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
-    or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
-    their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
-    be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
-
-    If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
-    full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
-    enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
-
-    Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
-    mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
-
-    Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
-    legacy ISA in your BIOS.
-
-  Module snd-aw2
-  --------------
-
-    Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-azt2320
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
-
-    This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-azt3328
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
-
-    joystick	- Enable joystick (default off)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-bt87x
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
-
-    digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
-    load_all	- Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
-          slot is excluded.
-
-  Module snd-ca0106
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-
-  Module snd-cmi8330
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
-
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    wssport	- port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
-    wssirq	- IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
-    wssdma	- first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
-    sbport	- port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
-    sbirq	- IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
-    sbdma8	- 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
-    sbdma16	- 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
-    fmport	- (optional) OPL3 I/O port
-    mpuport	- (optional) MPU401 I/O port
-    mpuirq	- (optional) MPU401 irq #
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-cmipci
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
-
-    mpu_port    - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
-		  0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
-		  0 = disable (default)
-    fm_port     - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
-		  0x388 = legacy port,
-		  1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
-		  0 = disable
-    soft_ac3    - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
-                  (default = 1)
-    joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
-
-    This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-cs4231
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
-
-    port	- port # for CS4231 chip
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
-    irq		- IRQ # for CS4231 chip
-    mpu_irq	- IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
-    dma1	- first DMA # for CS4231 chip
-    dma2	- second DMA # for CS4231 chip
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
-    thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-    
-  Module snd-cs4236
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
-    	       	     	   	   CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
-                                   CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
-
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port	- port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
-    cport	- control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
-    fm_port	- FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
-    irq		- IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
-    mpu_irq	- IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
-    dma1	- first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
-    dma2	- second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
-    (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
-    specified!!! Other ports are optional.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-    This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
-    snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
-
-  Module snd-cs4281
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
-
-    dual_codec	- Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-cs46xx
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
-				       CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
-
-    external_amp     - Force to enable external amplifier.
-    thinkpad         - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
-    mmap_valid       - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
-    from PCI sub vendor/device ids.  If they don't work, give the options
-    above explicitly.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-cs5530
-  _________________
-
-    Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip. 
-  
-  Module snd-cs5535audio
-  ----------------------
-
-    Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-ctxfi
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
-	* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
-
-    reference_rate	- reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
-    multiple		- multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
-    subsystem		- override the PCI SSID for probing; the value
-			  consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.  The default is
-			  zero, which means no override.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-darla20
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Darla20
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-darla24
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Darla24
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-dt019x
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
-    only)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.  This module is enabled only with
-    ISA PnP support.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-dummy
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
-    or input, but you may use this module for any application which
-    requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
-
-    pcm_devs       - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
-                     (default = 1, up to 4)
-    pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
-                     (default = 8, up to 128)
-    hrtimer        - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
-    fake_buffer    - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
-
-    When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
-    behavior to each PCM device:
-      0 = interleaved with mmap support
-      1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
-      2 = interleaved without mmap 
-      3 = non-interleaved without mmap
-
-    As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
-    but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
-    buffer pages, in order to save the resources.  If your apps need
-    the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
-    option.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-echo3g
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-emu10k1
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
-			* Sound Blaster Live!
-			* Sound Blaster PCI 512
-			* Emu APS (partially supported)
-			* Sound Blaster Audigy
-
-    extin   - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
-    extout  - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
-    seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
-    max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
-    max_buffer_size  - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
-                       given in MB unit.  Default value is 128.
-    enable_ir - enable IR
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-    Input & Output configurations 			[extin/extout]
-	* Creative Card wo/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f03]
-	* Creative Card w/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f0f]
-	* Creative Card w/Digital CD in			[0x000f/0x1f0f]
-	* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
-	* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
-	* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive	[0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
-	* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2  [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
-	* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
-	* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
-        * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fff]
-	* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003			[0x3fc3/0x7cff]
-        * Creative Card all ins and outs		[0x3fff/0x7fff]
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-emu10k1x
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-ens1370
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
-			* SoundBlaster PCI 64
-			* SoundBlaster PCI 128
-
-    joystick		- Enable joystick (default off)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-ens1371
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
-			* SoundBlaster PCI 64
-			* SoundBlaster PCI 128
-			* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
-
-    joystick_port	- port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
-			  0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-es1688
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
-
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
-    mpu_irq	- IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
-    fm_port	- port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following additional options are available:
-    port	- port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
-    irq		- IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
-    dma8	- DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
-    and PnP with the ES968 chip.
-
-  Module snd-es18xx
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
-
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port	- port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
-    fm_port	- port # for FM (optional, not used)
-    irq		- IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
-    dma1	- first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
-    dma2	- first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
-    port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
-    When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-es1938
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-es1968
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
-
-    total_bufsize	- total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
-    pcm_substreams_p	- playback channels (1-8, default=2)
-    pcm_substreams_c	- capture channels (1-8, default=0)
-    clock		- clock (0 = auto-detection)
-    use_pm		- support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
-			  2 = auto (default))
-    enable_mpu		- enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
-    joystick		- enable joystick (default off)       
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-fm801
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
-
-    tea575x_tuner       - Enable TEA575x tuner
-                          - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
-                          - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
-                          - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR  
-                          - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
-                          - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-gina20
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Gina20
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-gina24
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Gina24
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-gusclassic
-  ---------------------
-
-    Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
-
-    port	- port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
-    irq		- IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
-    dma1	- DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
-    dma2	- DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
-    joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
-    voices	- GF1 voices limit (14-32)
-    pcm_voices	- reserved PCM voices
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-  Module snd-gusextreme
-  ---------------------
-
-    Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
-
-    port	- port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
-    gf1_port	- port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
-    irq		- IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
-    gf1_irq	- IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
-    mpu_irq	- IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
-    dma8	- DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
-    dma1	- DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
-    joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
-    voices	- GF1 voices limit (14-32)
-    pcm_voices	- reserved PCM voices
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
-
-  Module snd-gusmax
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
-
-    port	- port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
-    irq		- IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
-    dma1	- DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
-    dma2	- DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
-    joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
-    voices	- GF1 voices limit (14-32)
-    pcm_voices	- reserved PCM voices
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    
-  Module snd-hda-intel
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
-			PCH, SCH),
-		ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
-			RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
-		VIA VT8251/VT8237A,
-		SIS966, ULI M5461
-
-    [Multiple options for each card instance]
-    model	- force the model name
-    position_fix - Fix DMA pointer
-		  -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller
-			hardware
-		  0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work
-		  1 = use LPIB
-		  2 = POSBUF: use position buffer
-		  3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture
-		  4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
-    probe_mask  - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
-    		  When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
-		  as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
-		  slots regardless what hardware reports back
-    probe_only	- Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
-		  Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
-    bdl_pos_adj	- Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
-		Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
-		value based on the controller chip.
-    patch	- Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
-    		setup before initializing the codecs.  This option is
-		available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
-		See HD-Audio.txt for details.
-    beep_mode	- Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on); default
-		value is set via CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE kconfig.
-    
-    [Single (global) options]
-    single_cmd  - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
-		codecs (for debugging only)
-    enable_msi	- Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
-    power_save	- Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
-		disable)
-    power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
-		(default = on)
-    align_buffer_size - Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples
-    		      of 128 bytes. This is more efficient in terms of memory
-		      access but isn't required by the HDA spec and prevents
-		      users from specifying exact period/buffer sizes.
-		      (default = on)
-    snoop	- Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    
-    See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
-    HD-audio driver.
-
-    Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
-    If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
-    configuration is set up.  You can pass "model=<name>" option to
-    specify a certain model in such a case.  There are different
-    models depending on the codec chip.  The list of available models
-    is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
-
-    The model name "generic" is treated as a special case.  When this
-    model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
-    "codec-patch".  It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
-
-    If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
-    matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
-    output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
-    ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
-
-    power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
-    mode.  See powersave.txt for details.
-
-    Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
-	    position_fix=1 or 2.  position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
-	    register value without FIFO size correction as the current
-	    DMA pointer.  position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
-	    the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
-	    (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
-	    position buffer.)
-
-	    position_fix=3 is specific to VIA devices.  The position
-	    of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
-	    values.  position_fix=4 is a combination mode, using LPIB
-	    for playback and POSBUF for capture.
-
-    NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
-    loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
-    routing).  Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi".  Also, you
-    can try "single_cmd=1" module option.  This will switch the
-    communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
-    single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB.  Basically, the
-    single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
-    unsolicited events, too.  But, at least, this works independently
-    from the irq.  Remember this is a last resort, and should be
-    avoided as much as possible...
-    
-    MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
-    On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
-    to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
-    This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
-    (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
-    bus.  You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
-    CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
-    proc files.  Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
-    For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
-    probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-hdsp
-  ---------------
-
-    Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
-          when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set.  Otherwise, you need to load
-          the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
-          package.
-          The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
-
-    Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
-          module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
-          when any HDSP cards are found.  To make the buffer
-          allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
-          stage of boot sequence.  See "Early Buffer Allocation"
-	  section.
-
-  Module snd-hdspm
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
-
-    precise_ptr		- Enable precise pointer, or disable.
-    line_outs_monitor	- Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
-    enable_monitor	- Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
-
-    See hdspm.txt for details.
-
-  Module snd-ice1712
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
-			* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
-			* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
-			* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
-			* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
-			* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
-			* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
-			* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
-                        * TerraTec EWS 88MT
-                        * TerraTec EWS 88D
-                        * TerraTec EWX 24/96
-                        * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
-			* TerraTec Phase 88
-                        * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
-                        * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
-                        * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
-			* Event Electronics, EZ8
-                        * Digigram VX442
-			* Lionstracs, Mediastaton
-			* Terrasoniq TS 88
-
-    model       - Use the given board model, one of the following:
-		  delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
-		  delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
-		  dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
-		  phase88, mediastation
-    omni	- Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
-    cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
-                     in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
-    is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
-    serie).
-
-    Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
-	  SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
-	  model by passing "model" module option in case that the
-	  driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
-	  type for testing.
-
-  Module snd-ice1724
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
-			* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
-			* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
-			* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
-			* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
-			* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
-			* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
-			* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
-			* TerraTec Phase 22
-			* TerraTec Phase 28
-			* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
-			* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
-			* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
-			* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
-			* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
-			* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
-			* Pontis MS300
-			* Albatron K8X800 Pro II 
-			* Chaintech ZNF3-150
-			* Chaintech ZNF3-250
-			* Chaintech 9CJS
-			* Chaintech AV-710
-			* Shuttle SN25P
-			* Onkyo SE-90PCI
-			* Onkyo SE-200PCI
-			* ESI Juli@
-			* ESI Maya44
-			* Hercules Fortissimo IV
-			* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
-
-    model       - Use the given board model, one of the following:
-		  revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
-		  prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
-		  juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
-		  phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
-		  fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-    Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
-	  SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
-	  model by passing "model" module option in case that the
-	  driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
-	  type for testing.
-
-  Module snd-indigo
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Indigo
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-indigodj
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-indigoio
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-intel8x0
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
-			* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
-				ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
-			* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
-			* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
-				 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
-			* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
-			* ALi m5455
-
-    ac97_clock	  - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
-    ac97_quirk    - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
-		    See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
-    buggy_irq     - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
-                    motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
-		    otherwise off)
-    buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardware with buggy
-		    semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
-		    (default off)
-    spdif_aclink  - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
-		    from the controller chip
-		    (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
-
-    This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
-    Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
-    if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
-    explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
-
-    Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver.  If your
-    motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
-    modules, respectively.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-    
-  Module snd-intel8x0m
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
-			* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
-				ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
-			* SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
-			* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
-			* AMD AMD8111
-			* ALi m5455
-
-    ac97_clock	  - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
-
-    This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
-    Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
-          slot is excluded.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-interwave
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
-    and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
-  
-    joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
-    midi	- 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
-    pcm_voices	- reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
-    effect	- 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
-                  requires 8 voices
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port	- port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
-    irq		- IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
-    dma1	- DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
-    dma2	- DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
-
-  Module snd-interwave-stb
-  ------------------------
-
-    Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
-    and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
-    circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
-  
-    joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
-    midi	- 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
-    pcm_voices	- reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
-    effect	- 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
-                  requires 8 voices
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port	- port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
-    port_tc	- tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
-    irq		- IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
-    dma1	- DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
-    dma2	- DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
-
-  Module snd-jazz16
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
-    MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
-
-    port	- port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
-    irq		- IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
-    dma8	- DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
-    dma16	- DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
-    mpu_port	- MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
-    mpu_irq	- MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-korg1212
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-layla20
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Layla20
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-layla24
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Layla24
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-lola
-  ---------------
-
-    Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-lx6464es
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-maestro3
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
-
-    external_amp     - enable external amp (enabled by default)
-    amp_gpio         - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
-                       -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
-                       others) 
-
-    This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
-
-    Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
-    If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
-    specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option. 
-    For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
-    option.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-mia
-  ---------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Mia
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-miro
-  ---------------
-
-    Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, 
-				miroSOUND PCM 12,
-				miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
-
-    port	- Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
-    irq		- IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
-    dma1	- 1st dma # (0,1,3)
-    dma2	- 2nd dma # (0,1)
-    mpu_port	- MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
-    mpu_irq	- MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
-    fm_port	- FM Port # (0x388)
-    wss		- enable WSS mode
-    ide		- enable onboard ide support
-
-  Module snd-mixart
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
-          See MIXART.txt for details.
-
-    When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
-    is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
-    Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
-    When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
-    firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
-
-  Module snd-mona
-  ---------------
-
-    Module for Echoaudio Mona
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-mpu401
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
-
-    port	- port number or -1 (disable)
-    irq		- IRQ number or -1 (disable)
-    pnp		- PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
-    
-  Module snd-msnd-classic
-  -----------------------
-
-    Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
-    soundcards.
-
-    io		- Port # for msnd-classic card
-    irq		- IRQ # for msnd-classic card
-    mem		- Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
-		  0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
-    write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
-    calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-    digital	- Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
-    cfg		- Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
-    reset	- Reset all devices
-    mpu_io	- MPU401 I/O port
-    mpu_irq	- MPU401 irq#
-    ide_io0	- IDE port #0
-    ide_io1	- IDE port #1
-    ide_irq	- IDE irq#
-    joystick_io	- Joystick I/O port
-
-    The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
-    "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
-
-    See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
-    about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the 
-    Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
-    at
-	http://www.turtlebeach.com
-
-  Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
-  ------------------------
-
-    Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
-
-    io		- Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
-    irq		- IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
-    mem		- Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
-		  0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
-    write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
-    calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
-    "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
-
-  Module snd-mtpav
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
-    port).
-
-    port	- I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
-    irq		- IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
-    hwports	- number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
-    
-    Module supports only 1 card.  This module has no enable option.
-
-  Module snd-mts64
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
-
-    This module supports multiple devices.
-    Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
-
-  Module snd-nm256
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
-
-    playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
-    capture_bufsize  - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
-    force_ac97       - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
-    buffer_top       - specify buffer top address
-    use_cache        - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
-    vaio_hack        - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
-    reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
-    reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
-		      other laptops
-
-    This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-    Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
-    automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
-    In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
-    the buffer_top option.
-    For example,
-      Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
-      Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
-    The driver supports only ac97 codec.  It's possible to force
-    to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected.  In such a
-    case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
-    works!
-
-    Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
-    codecs.  This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
-    with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
-    even though the device is detected in lspci.  In such a case, try
-    other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2.  Some has ISA-PnP
-    but some doesn't have ISA PnP.  You'll need to specify isapnp=0
-    and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
-
-    Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET.  For the
-    known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
-    workaround is enabled automatically.  For other laptops with a
-    hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
-
-    Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
-    AC97 RESET.  On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
-    turned on as default.  This option is worth to try if the
-    previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
-
-    Note: This driver is really crappy.  It's a porting from the
-    OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
-    The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
-    X-server as described above.  You might be able to force to load
-    the module, but it may result in hang-up.   Hence, make sure that
-    you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
-    problem.
-
-  Module snd-opl3sa2
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
-
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port	- control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
-    sb_port	- SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
-    wss_port	- WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
-    midi_port	- port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
-    fm_port	- FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
-    irq		- IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
-    dma1	- first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
-    dma2	- second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.  It does not support
-    autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
-  -------------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
-    Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
-    
-    isapnp    - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port      - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
-    mpu_port  - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
-    fm_port   - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
-    irq       - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
-    mpu_irq   - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
-    dma1      - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-
-    This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
-
-  Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
-  -------------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
-    
-    isapnp    - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port      - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
-    mpu_port  - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
-    fm_port   - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
-    irq       - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
-    mpu_irq   - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
-    dma1      - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-    dma2      - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-
-    This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
-
-  Module snd-opti93x
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
-    
-    isapnp    - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port      - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
-    mpu_port  - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
-    fm_port   - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
-    irq       - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
-    mpu_irq   - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
-    dma1      - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-    dma2      - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
-
-    This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
-
-  Module snd-oxygen
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
-    * Asound A-8788
-    * Asus Xonar DG/DGX
-    * AuzenTech X-Meridian
-    * AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
-    * Bgears b-Enspirer
-    * Club3D Theatron DTS
-    * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
-    * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
-    * Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
-    * Razer Barracuda AC-1
-    * Sondigo Inferno
-    * TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
-    * TempoTec HiFier Serenade
-
-    This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-pcsp
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for internal PC-Speaker.
-
-    nopcm	- Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
-    nforce_wa	- enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
-
-    This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
-    even a few mixer controls.
-
-  Module snd-pcxhr
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-portman2x4
-  ---------------------
-
-    Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
-  ---------------------------------
-
-    Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
-
-    enable_beep     - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
-
-    Module supports autoprobe a chip.
-
-    Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
-  ------------------------------------
-
-    Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
-
-    For ARM architecture only.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-riptide
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Conexant Riptide chip
-
-      joystick_port	- Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
-      mpu_port		- MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
-      opl3_port		- OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-    You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
-    firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
-
-  Module snd-rme32
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32, 
-    Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-rme96
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-rme9652
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
-
-    precise_ptr	- Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
-		  (default = 0)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
-          module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
-          when any RME9652 cards are found.  To make the buffer
-          allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
-          stage of boot sequence.  See "Early Buffer Allocation"
-	  section.
-
-  Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
-  ---------------------------------------
-
-    Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
-
-    Module supports only one card.
-    Module has no enable and index options.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-sb8
-  --------------
-
-    Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
-					 SoundBlaster 2.0,
-					 SoundBlaster Pro
-
-    port	- port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
-    irq		- IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
-    dma8	- DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
-  -----------------------------
-
-    Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
-					  SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
-					  SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
-
-    mic_agc	- Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-    csp		- ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
-    isapnp	- ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    port	- port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
-    mpu_port	- port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
-    awe_port	- base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
-                   (snd-sbawe module only)
-    irq		- IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
-    dma8	- 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
-    dma16	- 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
-
-    Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
-          disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
-          Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
-          half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
-          16-bit DMA channel.
-    
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-sc6000
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
-    and SC-7000.
-
-    port	- Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
-    mss_port	- MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
-    irq		- IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
-    mpu_irq	- MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
-    dma		- DMA # (1,3,0)
-    joystick	- Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
-
-  Module snd-sscape
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
-
-    port	- Port # (PnP setup)
-    wss_port	- WSS Port # (PnP setup)
-    irq		- IRQ # (PnP setup)
-    mpu_irq	- MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
-    dma		- DMA # (PnP setup)
-    dma2	- 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
-    joystick	- Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
-
-  Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
-  --------------------------------------
-
-    Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
-  -------------------------------------
-
-    Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
-  -----------------------------------
-
-    Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-wavefront
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
-
-    use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
-                      (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
-    isapnp          - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
-
-    with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
-
-    cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
-    cs4232_pcm_irq  - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
-    cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
-    cs4232_mpu_irq  - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
-    ics2115_port    - Port # for ICS2115
-    ics2115_irq     - IRQ # for ICS2115
-    fm_port         - FM OPL-3 Port #
-    dma1            - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
-    dma2            - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
-
-    The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
-    wf_raw	    - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
-	If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
-	ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
-    fx_raw	    - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
-	If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
-	when the driver is loaded.  The default is to download the
-	microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
-	"default" operation, whatever that means.
-    debug_default   - Debug parameters for card initialization
-    wait_usecs	    - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
-		      (default:150)
-	This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
-	based on my limited experimentation. 
-	If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
-	my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
-	to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
-	without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
-	CPU. 
-	Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
-	waits, only about 250 result in a sleep. 
-    sleep_interval  - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
-		      (default: 100)
-    sleep_tries	    - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
-		      (default: 50)
-    ospath	    - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
-		      (default:wavefront.os)
-	The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware.  In the recent
-	version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
-	must be installed in the proper path, typically,
-	/lib/firmware.
-    reset_time	    - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
-		      (default:2)
-    ramcheck_time   - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
-		      (default:20)
-    osrun_time	    - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
-		      (default:10)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
-
-    Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
-          version in /etc.  Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
-	  must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
-	  Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
-	  regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
-
-  Module snd-sonicvibes
-  ---------------------
-
-    Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
-			* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
-
-    reverb    - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
-                  - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
-    mge       - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-  Module snd-serial-u16550
-  ------------------------
-
-    Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
-
-    port	- port # for UART16550A chip
-    irq		- IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
-    speed	- speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
-		  38400 = default
-    base	- base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
-		  115200 = default
-    outs	- number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
-		  1 = default
-    adaptor	- Type of adaptor.
-                  0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
-		  3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
-    thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
-
-  Module snd-trident
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
-			* Best Union  Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
-			* HIS  4DWave PCI
-			* Warpspeed  ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
-			* AzTech  PCI 64-Q3D
-			* Addonics  SV 750
-			* CHIC  True Sound 4Dwave
-			* Shark  Predator4D-PCI
-			* Jaton  SonicWave 4D
-			* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
-			* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
-
-    pcm_channels   - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
-    wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-ua101
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
-
-    This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
-  Module snd-usb-audio
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
-
-    vid             - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
-    pid             - Product ID for the device (optional)
-    nrpacks	    - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
-    device_setup    - Device specific magic number (optional)
-                    - Influence depends on the device
-                    - Default: 0x0000 
-    ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
-    		       interface (default: no)
-    autoclock	    - Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices
-		      (default: yes)
-    quirk_alias	    - Quirk alias list, pass strings like
-		      "0123abcd:5678beef", which applies the existing
-		      quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new device
-		      0123:abcd.
-
-    This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
-    NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
-        Don't put the value over 20.  Changing via sysfs has no sanity
-	check.
-    NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
-        the mixer element such as URB error -22.  This happens on some
-        buggy USB device or the controller.
-    NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
-        If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
-	adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
-
-  Module snd-usb-caiaq
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
-	    * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
-	    * Native Instruments Kore Controller
-	    * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
-	    * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
-
-    This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
-  Module snd-usb-usx2y
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
-
-    This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
-
-    Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
-          in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
-
-  Module snd-via82xx
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
-    8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
-
-    mpu_port	- 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
-		  [VIA686A/686B only]
-    joystick	- Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
-    ac97_clock	- AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
-    dxs_support	- support DXS channels,
-		  0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
-		  3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
-		  rate and different sample rates on different
-		  channels
-		  [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
-    ac97_quirk  - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
-		  See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
-
-    This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
-
-    Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
-          not be generated properly.  In such a case, please try to
-          set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
-          default value 1.4.  Then the interrupt number will be
-          assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
-    
-    Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
-	  channels as the first PCM.  On these channels, up to 4
-	  streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
-	  can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
-	  each channel.
-	  As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
-	  except for the known devices since the output is often
-	  noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
-	  bug of BIOS.
-	  Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
-	  sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
-	  know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
-	  "lspci -nv").
-	  If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
-	  doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1.  (dxs_support=1 is
-	  usually for old motherboards.  The correct implemented
-	  board should work with 4 or 5.)  If it still doesn't
-	  work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
-	  right choice.  If the default setting doesn't work at all,
-	  try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
-	  In any cases, please let us know the result and the
-	  subsystem vendor/device ids.  See "Links and Addresses"
-	  below.
-
-    Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
-	  additionally.  The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-via82xx-modem
-  ------------------------
-
-    Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
-
-    ac97_clock	- AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
-
-    This module supports one card and autoprobe.
-
-    Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
-          slot is excluded.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-virmidi
-  ------------------
-
-    Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
-    This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
-    to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
-
-    midi_devs	- MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
-    
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-virtuoso
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
-    i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
-    Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
-
-    This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
-
-  Module snd-vx222
-  ----------------
-
-    Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
-
-    mic		- Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
-    ibl		- Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.
-
-    When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
-    is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
-    Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
-    When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
-    firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.  To invoke
-    vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-
-	install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
-
-    (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
-     /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
-    IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM.  The smaller size
-    gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
-    The size is usually aligned to 126.  As default (=0), the smallest
-    size is chosen.  The possible IBL values can be found in
-    /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-vxpocket
-  -------------------
-
-    Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
-
-    ibl      - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
-
-    This module supports multiple cards.  The module is compiled only when
-    PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
-
-    With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
-    manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf.  See the
-    sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.  2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
-    longer require a config file.
-
-    When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
-    is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
-    Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
-    When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
-    firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
-
-    About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
-
-    Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
-           ALSA 1.0.10.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-ymfpci
-  -----------------
-
-    Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
-
-    mpu_port      - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
-                    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
-    fm_port       - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
-                    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
-    joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
-                    1 (auto-detect)
-    rear_switch   - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
-
-    This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-  Module snd-pdaudiocf
-  --------------------
-
-    Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
-
-    The power-management is supported.
-
-
-AC97 Quirk Option
-=================
-
-The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
-specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
-snd-intel8x0.  Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
-and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
-specifications from version to version :-)
-
-The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
-but some might be unknown or wrongly detected.  In such a case, pass
-the proper value with this option.
-
-The following strings are accepted:
-    - default	Don't override the default setting
-    - none	Disable the quirk
-    - hp_only	Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
-    - swap_hp	Swap headphone and master controls
-    - swap_surround  Swap master and surround controls
-    - ad_sharing  For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
-    - alc_jack	For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
-    - inv_eapd	Inverted EAPD implementation
-    - mute_led	Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
-
-For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
-... are  accepted, too.
-
-For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
-but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
-
-
-Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
-============================
-
-When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
-supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
-If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
-For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
-together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
-
-When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
-will be not built in.
-
-
-Module Autoloading Support
-==========================
-
-The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
-module aliases.  The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
-devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
-
-To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
-'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
-corresponds to the card index of ALSA.  Usually, define this
-as the same card module.
-
-An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
-alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-
-The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
-option "cards_limit" of snd module.  As default it's set to 1.
-To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
-sound cards in that option.
-
-When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
-number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
-cards is kept consistent.
-
-An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
-
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-# ALSA portion
-options snd cards_limit=2
-alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
-alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
-options snd-interwave index=0
-options snd-ens1371 index=1
-# OSS/Free portion
-alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
-alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
------ /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
-
-In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
-(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
-
-Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
-"slots" option of snd module.  In the case above, specify like the
-following: 
-
-options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
-
-Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
-the second (#1) for snd-ens1371.  You can omit index option in each
-driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
-the same time as long as they don't conflict).
-
-The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
-hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict.  For example, in the
-case above again, the first two slots are already reserved.  If any
-other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
-snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
-
-When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
-modules but that name.  For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
-the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp. 
-
-
-ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
-=======================================
-
-/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
-/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp)     -> minor 3
-/dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp)   -> minor 12
-/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio1              -> minor 4+16 = 20
-/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp1                -> minor 3+16 = 19
-/dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp1               -> minor 12+16 = 28
-/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio2              -> minor 4+32 = 36
-/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp2                -> minor 3+32 = 39
-/dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp2               -> minor 12+32 = 44
-
-The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
-sound card number and second means device number.  The ALSA devices
-have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
-playback, respectively.
-
-Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
-options of snd-pcm-oss module.
-
-
-Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
-==============================
-
-/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
--------------------------------
-  String "erase" - erase all additional information about OSS applications
-  String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
-
-   <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
-   <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
-   <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
-   <options> - optional parameters
-	  - disable   the application tries to open a pcm device for
-		      this channel but does not want to use it.
-		      (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
-		      It's good for Quake etc...
-	  - direct    don't use plugins
-	  - block     force block mode (rvplayer)
-	  - non-block force non-block mode
-	  - whole-frag  write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
-			playback only)
-	  - no-silence  do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
-	  - buggy-ptr	Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
-			instead of filled blocks
-
-  Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
-           echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
-	   echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
-
-
-Early Buffer Allocation
-=======================
-
-Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
-sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
-actually loaded due to memory fragmentation.  You can pre-allocate the
-PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
-proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
-/etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
-
-Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
-usage of page allocation.  In writing, you can send the following
-commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
-
-  - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
-
-    VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs.  They take
-    integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
-    MASK is the PCI DMA mask.  Pass 0 if not restricted.
-    SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate.  You can pass
-    k and m suffix for KB and MB.  The max number is 16MB.
-    BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate.  It must be greater
-    than 0.  The max number is 4.
-
-  - erase
-
-    This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
-    use.
-
-
-Links and Addresses
-===================
-
-  ALSA project homepage
-       http://www.alsa-project.org
-
-  Kernel Bugzilla
-       http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
-
-  ALSA Developers ML
-       mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
-
-  alsa-info.sh script
-       http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/index.rst b/Documentation/sound/index.rst
index e9bac7c8b893..64fe47af05b6 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/sound/index.rst
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ Linux Sound Subsystem Documentation
    :maxdepth: 2
 
    kernel-api/index
+   alsa-configuration
    hd-audio/index
 
 .. only::  subproject