sysfs: implement sysfs_dirent active reference and immediate disconnect

sysfs: implement sysfs_dirent active reference and immediate disconnect

Opening a sysfs node references its associated kobject, so userland
can arbitrarily prolong lifetime of a kobject which complicates
lifetime rules in drivers.  This patch implements active reference and
makes the association between kobject and sysfs immediately breakable.

Now each sysfs_dirent has two reference counts - s_count and s_active.
s_count is a regular reference count which guarantees that the
containing sysfs_dirent is accessible.  As long as s_count reference
is held, all sysfs internal fields in sysfs_dirent are accessible
including s_parent and s_name.

The newly added s_active is active reference count.  This is acquired
by invoking sysfs_get_active() and it's the caller's responsibility to
ensure sysfs_dirent itself is accessible (should be holding s_count
one way or the other).  Dereferencing sysfs_dirent to access objects
out of sysfs proper requires active reference.  This includes access
to the associated kobjects, attributes and ops.

The active references can be drained and denied by calling
sysfs_deactivate().  All active sysfs_dirents must be deactivated
after deletion but before the default reference is dropped.  This
enables immediate disconnect of sysfs nodes.  Once a sysfs_dirent is
deleted, it won't access any entity external to sysfs proper.

Because attr/bin_attr ops access both the node itself and its parent
for kobject, they need to hold active references to both.
sysfs_get/put_active_two() helpers are provided to help grabbing both
references.  Parent's is acquired first and released last.

Unlike other operations, mmapped area lingers on after mmap() is
finished and the module implement implementing it and kobj need to
stay referenced till all the mapped pages are gone.  This is
accomplished by holding one set of active references to the bin_attr
and its parent if there have been any mmap during lifetime of an
openfile.  The references are dropped when the openfile is released.

This change makes sysfs lifetime rules independent from both kobject's
and module's.  It not only fixes several race conditions caused by
sysfs not holding onto the proper module when referencing kobject, but
also helps fixing and simplifying lifetime management in driver model
and drivers by taking sysfs out of the equation.

Please read the following message for more info.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

1 files changed, 25 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/fs/sysfs/dir.c b/fs/sysfs/dir.c
index 2a94dc36d166..e0d377aaf2cc 100644
--- a/fs/sysfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/sysfs/dir.c
@@ -53,6 +53,19 @@ void release_sysfs_dirent(struct sysfs_dirent * sd)
  repeat:
 	parent_sd = sd->s_parent;
 
+	/* If @sd is being released after deletion, s_active is write
+	 * locked.  If @sd is cursor for directory walk or being
+	 * released prematurely, s_active has no reader or writer.
+	 *
+	 * sysfs_deactivate() lies to lockdep that s_active is
+	 * unlocked immediately.  Lie one more time to cover the
+	 * previous lie.
+	 */
+	if (!down_write_trylock(&sd->s_active))
+		rwsem_acquire(&sd->s_active.dep_map,
+			      SYSFS_S_ACTIVE_DEACTIVATE, 0, _RET_IP_);
+	up_write(&sd->s_active);
+
 	if (sd->s_type & SYSFS_KOBJ_LINK)
 		sysfs_put(sd->s_elem.symlink.target_sd);
 	if (sd->s_type & SYSFS_COPY_NAME)
@@ -113,6 +126,7 @@ struct sysfs_dirent *sysfs_new_dirent(const char *name, umode_t mode, int type)
 
 	atomic_set(&sd->s_count, 1);
 	atomic_set(&sd->s_event, 1);
+	init_rwsem(&sd->s_active);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sd->s_children);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sd->s_sibling);
 
@@ -371,7 +385,6 @@ static void remove_dir(struct dentry * d)
 	d_delete(d);
 	sd = d->d_fsdata;
  	list_del_init(&sd->s_sibling);
-	sysfs_put(sd);
 	if (d->d_inode)
 		simple_rmdir(parent->d_inode,d);
 
@@ -380,6 +393,9 @@ static void remove_dir(struct dentry * d)
 
 	mutex_unlock(&parent->d_inode->i_mutex);
 	dput(parent);
+
+	sysfs_deactivate(sd);
+	sysfs_put(sd);
 }
 
 void sysfs_remove_subdir(struct dentry * d)
@@ -390,6 +406,7 @@ void sysfs_remove_subdir(struct dentry * d)
 
 static void __sysfs_remove_dir(struct dentry *dentry)
 {
+	LIST_HEAD(removed);
 	struct sysfs_dirent * parent_sd;
 	struct sysfs_dirent * sd, * tmp;
 
@@ -403,12 +420,17 @@ static void __sysfs_remove_dir(struct dentry *dentry)
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(sd, tmp, &parent_sd->s_children, s_sibling) {
 		if (!sd->s_type || !(sd->s_type & SYSFS_NOT_PINNED))
 			continue;
-		list_del_init(&sd->s_sibling);
+		list_move(&sd->s_sibling, &removed);
 		sysfs_drop_dentry(sd, dentry);
-		sysfs_put(sd);
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
 
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(sd, tmp, &removed, s_sibling) {
+		list_del_init(&sd->s_sibling);
+		sysfs_deactivate(sd);
+		sysfs_put(sd);
+	}
+
 	remove_dir(dentry);
 	/**
 	 * Drop reference from dget() on entrance.