diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'util')
| -rw-r--r-- | util/Makefile.objs | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | util/hbitmap.c | 401 |
2 files changed, 402 insertions, 1 deletions
diff --git a/util/Makefile.objs b/util/Makefile.objs index 5baeb53af6..495a178557 100644 --- a/util/Makefile.objs +++ b/util/Makefile.objs @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ util-obj-y = osdep.o cutils.o qemu-timer-common.o util-obj-$(CONFIG_WIN32) += oslib-win32.o qemu-thread-win32.o event_notifier-win32.o util-obj-$(CONFIG_POSIX) += oslib-posix.o qemu-thread-posix.o event_notifier-posix.o util-obj-y += envlist.o path.o host-utils.o cache-utils.o module.o -util-obj-y += bitmap.o bitops.o +util-obj-y += bitmap.o bitops.o hbitmap.o util-obj-y += acl.o util-obj-y += error.o qemu-error.o util-obj-$(CONFIG_POSIX) += compatfd.o diff --git a/util/hbitmap.c b/util/hbitmap.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2aa487db74 --- /dev/null +++ b/util/hbitmap.c @@ -0,0 +1,401 @@ +/* + * Hierarchical Bitmap Data Type + * + * Copyright Red Hat, Inc., 2012 + * + * Author: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> + * + * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or + * later. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. + */ + +#include <string.h> +#include <glib.h> +#include <assert.h> +#include "qemu/osdep.h" +#include "qemu/hbitmap.h" +#include "qemu/host-utils.h" +#include "trace.h" + +/* HBitmaps provides an array of bits. The bits are stored as usual in an + * array of unsigned longs, but HBitmap is also optimized to provide fast + * iteration over set bits; going from one bit to the next is O(logB n) + * worst case, with B = sizeof(long) * CHAR_BIT: the result is low enough + * that the number of levels is in fact fixed. + * + * In order to do this, it stacks multiple bitmaps with progressively coarser + * granularity; in all levels except the last, bit N is set iff the N-th + * unsigned long is nonzero in the immediately next level. When iteration + * completes on the last level it can examine the 2nd-last level to quickly + * skip entire words, and even do so recursively to skip blocks of 64 words or + * powers thereof (32 on 32-bit machines). + * + * Given an index in the bitmap, it can be split in group of bits like + * this (for the 64-bit case): + * + * bits 0-57 => word in the last bitmap | bits 58-63 => bit in the word + * bits 0-51 => word in the 2nd-last bitmap | bits 52-57 => bit in the word + * bits 0-45 => word in the 3rd-last bitmap | bits 46-51 => bit in the word + * + * So it is easy to move up simply by shifting the index right by + * log2(BITS_PER_LONG) bits. To move down, you shift the index left + * similarly, and add the word index within the group. Iteration uses + * ffs (find first set bit) to find the next word to examine; this + * operation can be done in constant time in most current architectures. + * + * Setting or clearing a range of m bits on all levels, the work to perform + * is O(m + m/W + m/W^2 + ...), which is O(m) like on a regular bitmap. + * + * When iterating on a bitmap, each bit (on any level) is only visited + * once. Hence, The total cost of visiting a bitmap with m bits in it is + * the number of bits that are set in all bitmaps. Unless the bitmap is + * extremely sparse, this is also O(m + m/W + m/W^2 + ...), so the amortized + * cost of advancing from one bit to the next is usually constant (worst case + * O(logB n) as in the non-amortized complexity). + */ + +struct HBitmap { + /* Number of total bits in the bottom level. */ + uint64_t size; + + /* Number of set bits in the bottom level. */ + uint64_t count; + + /* A scaling factor. Given a granularity of G, each bit in the bitmap will + * will actually represent a group of 2^G elements. Each operation on a + * range of bits first rounds the bits to determine which group they land + * in, and then affect the entire page; iteration will only visit the first + * bit of each group. Here is an example of operations in a size-16, + * granularity-1 HBitmap: + * + * initial state 00000000 + * set(start=0, count=9) 11111000 (iter: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8) + * reset(start=1, count=3) 00111000 (iter: 4, 6, 8) + * set(start=9, count=2) 00111100 (iter: 4, 6, 8, 10) + * reset(start=5, count=5) 00000000 + * + * From an implementation point of view, when setting or resetting bits, + * the bitmap will scale bit numbers right by this amount of bits. When + * iterating, the bitmap will scale bit numbers left by this amount of + * bits. + */ + int granularity; + + /* A number of progressively less coarse bitmaps (i.e. level 0 is the + * coarsest). Each bit in level N represents a word in level N+1 that + * has a set bit, except the last level where each bit represents the + * actual bitmap. + * + * Note that all bitmaps have the same number of levels. Even a 1-bit + * bitmap will still allocate HBITMAP_LEVELS arrays. + */ + unsigned long *levels[HBITMAP_LEVELS]; +}; + +static inline int popcountl(unsigned long l) +{ + return BITS_PER_LONG == 32 ? ctpop32(l) : ctpop64(l); +} + +/* Advance hbi to the next nonzero word and return it. hbi->pos + * is updated. Returns zero if we reach the end of the bitmap. + */ +unsigned long hbitmap_iter_skip_words(HBitmapIter *hbi) +{ + size_t pos = hbi->pos; + const HBitmap *hb = hbi->hb; + unsigned i = HBITMAP_LEVELS - 1; + + unsigned long cur; + do { + cur = hbi->cur[--i]; + pos >>= BITS_PER_LEVEL; + } while (cur == 0); + + /* Check for end of iteration. We always use fewer than BITS_PER_LONG + * bits in the level 0 bitmap; thus we can repurpose the most significant + * bit as a sentinel. The sentinel is set in hbitmap_alloc and ensures + * that the above loop ends even without an explicit check on i. + */ + + if (i == 0 && cur == (1UL << (BITS_PER_LONG - 1))) { + return 0; + } + for (; i < HBITMAP_LEVELS - 1; i++) { + /* Shift back pos to the left, matching the right shifts above. + * The index of this word's least significant set bit provides + * the low-order bits. + */ + pos = (pos << BITS_PER_LEVEL) + ffsl(cur) - 1; + hbi->cur[i] = cur & (cur - 1); + + /* Set up next level for iteration. */ + cur = hb->levels[i + 1][pos]; + } + + hbi->pos = pos; + trace_hbitmap_iter_skip_words(hbi->hb, hbi, pos, cur); + + assert(cur); + return cur; +} + +void hbitmap_iter_init(HBitmapIter *hbi, const HBitmap *hb, uint64_t first) +{ + unsigned i, bit; + uint64_t pos; + + hbi->hb = hb; + pos = first >> hb->granularity; + assert(pos < hb->size); + hbi->pos = pos >> BITS_PER_LEVEL; + hbi->granularity = hb->granularity; + + for (i = HBITMAP_LEVELS; i-- > 0; ) { + bit = pos & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1); + pos >>= BITS_PER_LEVEL; + + /* Drop bits representing items before first. */ + hbi->cur[i] = hb->levels[i][pos] & ~((1UL << bit) - 1); + + /* We have already added level i+1, so the lowest set bit has + * been processed. Clear it. + */ + if (i != HBITMAP_LEVELS - 1) { + hbi->cur[i] &= ~(1UL << bit); + } + } +} + +bool hbitmap_empty(const HBitmap *hb) +{ + return hb->count == 0; +} + +int hbitmap_granularity(const HBitmap *hb) +{ + return hb->granularity; +} + +uint64_t hbitmap_count(const HBitmap *hb) +{ + return hb->count << hb->granularity; +} + +/* Count the number of set bits between start and end, not accounting for + * the granularity. Also an example of how to use hbitmap_iter_next_word. + */ +static uint64_t hb_count_between(HBitmap *hb, uint64_t start, uint64_t last) +{ + HBitmapIter hbi; + uint64_t count = 0; + uint64_t end = last + 1; + unsigned long cur; + size_t pos; + + hbitmap_iter_init(&hbi, hb, start << hb->granularity); + for (;;) { + pos = hbitmap_iter_next_word(&hbi, &cur); + if (pos >= (end >> BITS_PER_LEVEL)) { + break; + } + count += popcountl(cur); + } + + if (pos == (end >> BITS_PER_LEVEL)) { + /* Drop bits representing the END-th and subsequent items. */ + int bit = end & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1); + cur &= (1UL << bit) - 1; + count += popcountl(cur); + } + + return count; +} + +/* Setting starts at the last layer and propagates up if an element + * changes from zero to non-zero. + */ +static inline bool hb_set_elem(unsigned long *elem, uint64_t start, uint64_t last) +{ + unsigned long mask; + bool changed; + + assert((last >> BITS_PER_LEVEL) == (start >> BITS_PER_LEVEL)); + assert(start <= last); + + mask = 2UL << (last & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)); + mask -= 1UL << (start & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)); + changed = (*elem == 0); + *elem |= mask; + return changed; +} + +/* The recursive workhorse (the depth is limited to HBITMAP_LEVELS)... */ +static void hb_set_between(HBitmap *hb, int level, uint64_t start, uint64_t last) +{ + size_t pos = start >> BITS_PER_LEVEL; + size_t lastpos = last >> BITS_PER_LEVEL; + bool changed = false; + size_t i; + + i = pos; + if (i < lastpos) { + uint64_t next = (start | (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)) + 1; + changed |= hb_set_elem(&hb->levels[level][i], start, next - 1); + for (;;) { + start = next; + next += BITS_PER_LONG; + if (++i == lastpos) { + break; + } + changed |= (hb->levels[level][i] == 0); + hb->levels[level][i] = ~0UL; + } + } + changed |= hb_set_elem(&hb->levels[level][i], start, last); + + /* If there was any change in this layer, we may have to update + * the one above. + */ + if (level > 0 && changed) { + hb_set_between(hb, level - 1, pos, lastpos); + } +} + +void hbitmap_set(HBitmap *hb, uint64_t start, uint64_t count) +{ + /* Compute range in the last layer. */ + uint64_t last = start + count - 1; + + trace_hbitmap_set(hb, start, count, + start >> hb->granularity, last >> hb->granularity); + + start >>= hb->granularity; + last >>= hb->granularity; + count = last - start + 1; + + hb->count += count - hb_count_between(hb, start, last); + hb_set_between(hb, HBITMAP_LEVELS - 1, start, last); +} + +/* Resetting works the other way round: propagate up if the new + * value is zero. + */ +static inline bool hb_reset_elem(unsigned long *elem, uint64_t start, uint64_t last) +{ + unsigned long mask; + bool blanked; + + assert((last >> BITS_PER_LEVEL) == (start >> BITS_PER_LEVEL)); + assert(start <= last); + + mask = 2UL << (last & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)); + mask -= 1UL << (start & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)); + blanked = *elem != 0 && ((*elem & ~mask) == 0); + *elem &= ~mask; + return blanked; +} + +/* The recursive workhorse (the depth is limited to HBITMAP_LEVELS)... */ +static void hb_reset_between(HBitmap *hb, int level, uint64_t start, uint64_t last) +{ + size_t pos = start >> BITS_PER_LEVEL; + size_t lastpos = last >> BITS_PER_LEVEL; + bool changed = false; + size_t i; + + i = pos; + if (i < lastpos) { + uint64_t next = (start | (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)) + 1; + + /* Here we need a more complex test than when setting bits. Even if + * something was changed, we must not blank bits in the upper level + * unless the lower-level word became entirely zero. So, remove pos + * from the upper-level range if bits remain set. + */ + if (hb_reset_elem(&hb->levels[level][i], start, next - 1)) { + changed = true; + } else { + pos++; + } + + for (;;) { + start = next; + next += BITS_PER_LONG; + if (++i == lastpos) { + break; + } + changed |= (hb->levels[level][i] != 0); + hb->levels[level][i] = 0UL; + } + } + + /* Same as above, this time for lastpos. */ + if (hb_reset_elem(&hb->levels[level][i], start, last)) { + changed = true; + } else { + lastpos--; + } + + if (level > 0 && changed) { + hb_reset_between(hb, level - 1, pos, lastpos); + } +} + +void hbitmap_reset(HBitmap *hb, uint64_t start, uint64_t count) +{ + /* Compute range in the last layer. */ + uint64_t last = start + count - 1; + + trace_hbitmap_reset(hb, start, count, + start >> hb->granularity, last >> hb->granularity); + + start >>= hb->granularity; + last >>= hb->granularity; + + hb->count -= hb_count_between(hb, start, last); + hb_reset_between(hb, HBITMAP_LEVELS - 1, start, last); +} + +bool hbitmap_get(const HBitmap *hb, uint64_t item) +{ + /* Compute position and bit in the last layer. */ + uint64_t pos = item >> hb->granularity; + unsigned long bit = 1UL << (pos & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)); + + return (hb->levels[HBITMAP_LEVELS - 1][pos >> BITS_PER_LEVEL] & bit) != 0; +} + +void hbitmap_free(HBitmap *hb) +{ + unsigned i; + for (i = HBITMAP_LEVELS; i-- > 0; ) { + g_free(hb->levels[i]); + } + g_free(hb); +} + +HBitmap *hbitmap_alloc(uint64_t size, int granularity) +{ + HBitmap *hb = g_malloc0(sizeof (struct HBitmap)); + unsigned i; + + assert(granularity >= 0 && granularity < 64); + size = (size + (1ULL << granularity) - 1) >> granularity; + assert(size <= ((uint64_t)1 << HBITMAP_LOG_MAX_SIZE)); + + hb->size = size; + hb->granularity = granularity; + for (i = HBITMAP_LEVELS; i-- > 0; ) { + size = MAX((size + BITS_PER_LONG - 1) >> BITS_PER_LEVEL, 1); + hb->levels[i] = g_malloc0(size * sizeof(unsigned long)); + } + + /* We necessarily have free bits in level 0 due to the definition + * of HBITMAP_LEVELS, so use one for a sentinel. This speeds up + * hbitmap_iter_skip_words. + */ + assert(size == 1); + hb->levels[0][0] |= 1UL << (BITS_PER_LONG - 1); + return hb; +} |