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authorMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>2019-04-14 15:51:10 -0300
committerMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>2019-07-15 09:20:24 -0300
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tree81da5ca148347b94c4539234f50d4bca6465e2f8 /Documentation/arm/pxa/mfp.txt
parent0d07cf5e53a21e35289adc3ab99b6804ff0c3833 (diff)
docs: arm: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst
Converts ARM the text files to ReST, preparing them to be an architecture book. The conversion is actually: - add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs; - fix tables markups; - add some lists markups; - mark literal blocks; - adjust title markups. At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> Reviewed-by Corentin Labbe <clabbe.montjoie@gmail.com> # For sun4i-ss
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- MFP Configuration for PXA2xx/PXA3xx Processors
-
- Eric Miao <eric.miao@marvell.com>
-
-MFP stands for Multi-Function Pin, which is the pin-mux logic on PXA3xx and
-later PXA series processors. This document describes the existing MFP API,
-and how board/platform driver authors could make use of it.
-
- Basic Concept
-===============
-
-Unlike the GPIO alternate function settings on PXA25x and PXA27x, a new MFP
-mechanism is introduced from PXA3xx to completely move the pin-mux functions
-out of the GPIO controller. In addition to pin-mux configurations, the MFP
-also controls the low power state, driving strength, pull-up/down and event
-detection of each pin. Below is a diagram of internal connections between
-the MFP logic and the remaining SoC peripherals:
-
- +--------+
- | |--(GPIO19)--+
- | GPIO | |
- | |--(GPIO...) |
- +--------+ |
- | +---------+
- +--------+ +------>| |
- | PWM2 |--(PWM_OUT)-------->| MFP |
- +--------+ +------>| |-------> to external PAD
- | +---->| |
- +--------+ | | +-->| |
- | SSP2 |---(TXD)----+ | | +---------+
- +--------+ | |
- | |
- +--------+ | |
- | Keypad |--(MKOUT4)----+ |
- +--------+ |
- |
- +--------+ |
- | UART2 |---(TXD)--------+
- +--------+
-
-NOTE: the external pad is named as MFP_PIN_GPIO19, it doesn't necessarily
-mean it's dedicated for GPIO19, only as a hint that internally this pin
-can be routed from GPIO19 of the GPIO controller.
-
-To better understand the change from PXA25x/PXA27x GPIO alternate function
-to this new MFP mechanism, here are several key points:
-
- 1. GPIO controller on PXA3xx is now a dedicated controller, same as other
- internal controllers like PWM, SSP and UART, with 128 internal signals
- which can be routed to external through one or more MFPs (e.g. GPIO<0>
- can be routed through either MFP_PIN_GPIO0 as well as MFP_PIN_GPIO0_2,
- see arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa300.h)
-
- 2. Alternate function configuration is removed from this GPIO controller,
- the remaining functions are pure GPIO-specific, i.e.
-
- - GPIO signal level control
- - GPIO direction control
- - GPIO level change detection
-
- 3. Low power state for each pin is now controlled by MFP, this means the
- PGSRx registers on PXA2xx are now useless on PXA3xx
-
- 4. Wakeup detection is now controlled by MFP, PWER does not control the
- wakeup from GPIO(s) any more, depending on the sleeping state, ADxER
- (as defined in pxa3xx-regs.h) controls the wakeup from MFP
-
-NOTE: with such a clear separation of MFP and GPIO, by GPIO<xx> we normally
-mean it is a GPIO signal, and by MFP<xxx> or pin xxx, we mean a physical
-pad (or ball).
-
- MFP API Usage
-===============
-
-For board code writers, here are some guidelines:
-
-1. include ONE of the following header files in your <board>.c:
-
- - #include "mfp-pxa25x.h"
- - #include "mfp-pxa27x.h"
- - #include "mfp-pxa300.h"
- - #include "mfp-pxa320.h"
- - #include "mfp-pxa930.h"
-
- NOTE: only one file in your <board>.c, depending on the processors used,
- because pin configuration definitions may conflict in these file (i.e.
- same name, different meaning and settings on different processors). E.g.
- for zylonite platform, which support both PXA300/PXA310 and PXA320, two
- separate files are introduced: zylonite_pxa300.c and zylonite_pxa320.c
- (in addition to handle MFP configuration differences, they also handle
- the other differences between the two combinations).
-
- NOTE: PXA300 and PXA310 are almost identical in pin configurations (with
- PXA310 supporting some additional ones), thus the difference is actually
- covered in a single mfp-pxa300.h.
-
-2. prepare an array for the initial pin configurations, e.g.:
-
- static unsigned long mainstone_pin_config[] __initdata = {
- /* Chip Select */
- GPIO15_nCS_1,
-
- /* LCD - 16bpp Active TFT */
- GPIOxx_TFT_LCD_16BPP,
- GPIO16_PWM0_OUT, /* Backlight */
-
- /* MMC */
- GPIO32_MMC_CLK,
- GPIO112_MMC_CMD,
- GPIO92_MMC_DAT_0,
- GPIO109_MMC_DAT_1,
- GPIO110_MMC_DAT_2,
- GPIO111_MMC_DAT_3,
-
- ...
-
- /* GPIO */
- GPIO1_GPIO | WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_BOTH,
- };
-
- a) once the pin configurations are passed to pxa{2xx,3xx}_mfp_config(),
- and written to the actual registers, they are useless and may discard,
- adding '__initdata' will help save some additional bytes here.
-
- b) when there is only one possible pin configurations for a component,
- some simplified definitions can be used, e.g. GPIOxx_TFT_LCD_16BPP on
- PXA25x and PXA27x processors
-
- c) if by board design, a pin can be configured to wake up the system
- from low power state, it can be 'OR'ed with any of:
-
- WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_BOTH
- WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_RISE
- WAKEUP_ON_EDGE_FALL
- WAKEUP_ON_LEVEL_HIGH - specifically for enabling of keypad GPIOs,
-
- to indicate that this pin has the capability of wake-up the system,
- and on which edge(s). This, however, doesn't necessarily mean the
- pin _will_ wakeup the system, it will only when set_irq_wake() is
- invoked with the corresponding GPIO IRQ (GPIO_IRQ(xx) or gpio_to_irq())
- and eventually calls gpio_set_wake() for the actual register setting.
-
- d) although PXA3xx MFP supports edge detection on each pin, the
- internal logic will only wakeup the system when those specific bits
- in ADxER registers are set, which can be well mapped to the
- corresponding peripheral, thus set_irq_wake() can be called with
- the peripheral IRQ to enable the wakeup.
-
-
- MFP on PXA3xx
-===============
-
-Every external I/O pad on PXA3xx (excluding those for special purpose) has
-one MFP logic associated, and is controlled by one MFP register (MFPR).
-
-The MFPR has the following bit definitions (for PXA300/PXA310/PXA320):
-
- 31 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
- +-------------------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
- | RESERVED |PS|PU|PD| DRIVE |SS|SD|SO|EC|EF|ER|--| AF_SEL |
- +-------------------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
-
- Bit 3: RESERVED
- Bit 4: EDGE_RISE_EN - enable detection of rising edge on this pin
- Bit 5: EDGE_FALL_EN - enable detection of falling edge on this pin
- Bit 6: EDGE_CLEAR - disable edge detection on this pin
- Bit 7: SLEEP_OE_N - enable outputs during low power modes
- Bit 8: SLEEP_DATA - output data on the pin during low power modes
- Bit 9: SLEEP_SEL - selection control for low power modes signals
- Bit 13: PULLDOWN_EN - enable the internal pull-down resistor on this pin
- Bit 14: PULLUP_EN - enable the internal pull-up resistor on this pin
- Bit 15: PULL_SEL - pull state controlled by selected alternate function
- (0) or by PULL{UP,DOWN}_EN bits (1)
-
- Bit 0 - 2: AF_SEL - alternate function selection, 8 possibilities, from 0-7
- Bit 10-12: DRIVE - drive strength and slew rate
- 0b000 - fast 1mA
- 0b001 - fast 2mA
- 0b002 - fast 3mA
- 0b003 - fast 4mA
- 0b004 - slow 6mA
- 0b005 - fast 6mA
- 0b006 - slow 10mA
- 0b007 - fast 10mA
-
- MFP Design for PXA2xx/PXA3xx
-==============================
-
-Due to the difference of pin-mux handling between PXA2xx and PXA3xx, a unified
-MFP API is introduced to cover both series of processors.
-
-The basic idea of this design is to introduce definitions for all possible pin
-configurations, these definitions are processor and platform independent, and
-the actual API invoked to convert these definitions into register settings and
-make them effective there-after.
-
- Files Involved
- --------------
-
- - arch/arm/mach-pxa/include/mach/mfp.h
-
- for
- 1. Unified pin definitions - enum constants for all configurable pins
- 2. processor-neutral bit definitions for a possible MFP configuration
-
- - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.h
-
- for PXA3xx specific MFPR register bit definitions and PXA3xx common pin
- configurations
-
- - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.h
-
- for PXA2xx specific definitions and PXA25x/PXA27x common pin configurations
-
- - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa25x.h
- arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa27x.h
- arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa300.h
- arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa320.h
- arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa930.h
-
- for processor specific definitions
-
- - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa3xx.c
- - arch/arm/mach-pxa/mfp-pxa2xx.c
-
- for implementation of the pin configuration to take effect for the actual
- processor.
-
- Pin Configuration
- -----------------
-
- The following comments are copied from mfp.h (see the actual source code
- for most updated info)
-
- /*
- * a possible MFP configuration is represented by a 32-bit integer
- *
- * bit 0.. 9 - MFP Pin Number (1024 Pins Maximum)
- * bit 10..12 - Alternate Function Selection
- * bit 13..15 - Drive Strength
- * bit 16..18 - Low Power Mode State
- * bit 19..20 - Low Power Mode Edge Detection
- * bit 21..22 - Run Mode Pull State
- *
- * to facilitate the definition, the following macros are provided
- *
- * MFP_CFG_DEFAULT - default MFP configuration value, with
- * alternate function = 0,
- * drive strength = fast 3mA (MFP_DS03X)
- * low power mode = default
- * edge detection = none
- *
- * MFP_CFG - default MFPR value with alternate function
- * MFP_CFG_DRV - default MFPR value with alternate function and
- * pin drive strength
- * MFP_CFG_LPM - default MFPR value with alternate function and
- * low power mode
- * MFP_CFG_X - default MFPR value with alternate function,
- * pin drive strength and low power mode
- */
-
- Examples of pin configurations are:
-
- #define GPIO94_SSP3_RXD MFP_CFG_X(GPIO94, AF1, DS08X, FLOAT)
-
- which reads GPIO94 can be configured as SSP3_RXD, with alternate function
- selection of 1, driving strength of 0b101, and a float state in low power
- modes.
-
- NOTE: this is the default setting of this pin being configured as SSP3_RXD
- which can be modified a bit in board code, though it is not recommended to
- do so, simply because this default setting is usually carefully encoded,
- and is supposed to work in most cases.
-
- Register Settings
- -----------------
-
- Register settings on PXA3xx for a pin configuration is actually very
- straight-forward, most bits can be converted directly into MFPR value
- in a easier way. Two sets of MFPR values are calculated: the run-time
- ones and the low power mode ones, to allow different settings.
-
- The conversion from a generic pin configuration to the actual register
- settings on PXA2xx is a bit complicated: many registers are involved,
- including GAFRx, GPDRx, PGSRx, PWER, PKWR, PFER and PRER. Please see
- mfp-pxa2xx.c for how the conversion is made.