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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "<sys/sem.h>" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" <sys/sem.h> 
+.SH NAME
+sys/sem.h \- XSI semaphore facility
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <sys/sem.h> \fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+The \fI<sys/sem.h>\fP header shall define the following constants
+and structures.
+.LP
+Semaphore operation flags:
+.TP 7
+SEM_UNDO
+Set up adjust on exit entry.
+.sp
+.LP
+Command definitions for the \fIsemctl\fP() function shall be provided
+as follows:
+.TP 7
+GETNCNT
+Get \fIsemncnt\fP.
+.TP 7
+GETPID
+Get \fIsempid\fP.
+.TP 7
+GETVAL
+Get \fIsemval\fP.
+.TP 7
+GETALL
+Get all cases of \fIsemval\fP.
+.TP 7
+GETZCNT
+Get \fIsemzcnt\fP.
+.TP 7
+SETVAL
+Set \fIsemval\fP.
+.TP 7
+SETALL
+Set all cases of \fIsemval\fP.
+.sp
+.LP
+The \fBsemid_ds\fP structure shall contain the following members:
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fBstruct ipc_perm  sem_perm \fP Operation permission structure. \fB
+unsigned short   sem_nsems\fP Number of semaphores in set. \fB
+time_t           sem_otime\fP Last \fIsemop\fP
+ () time. \fB
+time_t           sem_ctime\fP Last time changed by \fIsemctl\fP
+ (). \fB
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.LP
+The \fBpid_t\fP, \fBtime_t\fP, \fBkey_t\fP, and \fBsize_t\fP types
+shall be defined as described in \fI<sys/types.h>\fP .
+.LP
+A semaphore shall be represented by an anonymous structure containing
+the following members:
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fBunsigned short  semval  \fP Semaphore value. \fB
+pid_t           sempid  \fP Process ID of last operation. \fB
+unsigned short  semncnt \fP Number of processes waiting for \fIsemval\fP \fB
+                        \fP to become greater than current value. \fB
+unsigned short  semzcnt \fP Number of processes waiting for \fIsemval\fP \fB
+                        \fP to become 0. \fB
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.LP
+The \fBsembuf\fP structure shall contain the following members:
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fBunsigned short  sem_num  \fP Semaphore number. \fB
+short           sem_op   \fP Semaphore operation. \fB
+short           sem_flg  \fP Operation flags. \fB
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.LP
+The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined
+as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fBint   semctl(int, int, int, ...);
+int   semget(key_t, int, int);
+int   semop(int, struct sembuf *, size_t);
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.LP
+In addition, all of the symbols from \fI<sys/ipc.h>\fP shall be defined
+when
+this header is included.
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fI<sys/ipc.h>\fP , \fI<sys/types.h>\fP , \fIsemctl\fP(), \fIsemget\fP(),
+\fIsemop\fP()
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .