path: root/src/cairo-os2-surface.c

/* vim: set sw=4 sts=4 et cin: */
/* cairo - a vector graphics library with display and print output
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 netlabs.org
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it either under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation
 * (the "LGPL") or, at your option, under the terms of the Mozilla
 * Public License Version 1.1 (the "MPL"). If you do not alter this
 * notice, a recipient may use your version of this file under either
 * the MPL or the LGPL.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the LGPL along with this library
 * in the file COPYING-LGPL-2.1; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Suite 500, Boston, MA 02110-1335, USA
 * You should have received a copy of the MPL along with this library
 * in the file COPYING-MPL-1.1
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License
 * Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY
 * OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the LGPL or the MPL for
 * the specific language governing rights and limitations.
 *
 * The Original Code is the cairo graphics library.
 *
 * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
 *     Doodle <doodle@scenergy.dfmk.hu>
 *
 * Contributor(s):
 *     Peter Weilbacher <mozilla@Weilbacher.org>
 *     Rich Walsh <dragtext@e-vertise.com>
 */

#include "cairoint.h"

#include "cairo-os2-private.h"
#include "cairo-default-context-private.h"
#include "cairo-error-private.h"

#if CAIRO_HAS_FC_FONT
#include <fontconfig/fontconfig.h>
#endif

#include <float.h>
#ifdef BUILD_CAIRO_DLL
# include "cairo-os2.h"
# ifndef __WATCOMC__
#  include <emx/startup.h>
# endif
#endif

/*
 * Here comes the extra API for the OS/2 platform. Currently it consists
 * of two extra functions, the cairo_os2_init() and the
 * cairo_os2_fini(). Both of them are called automatically if
 * Cairo is compiled to be a DLL file, but you have to call them before
 * using the Cairo API if you link to Cairo statically!
 *
 * You'll also find the code in here which deals with DLL initialization
 * and termination, if the code is built to be a DLL.
 * (if BUILD_CAIRO_DLL is defined)
 */

/* Initialization counter: */
static int cairo_os2_initialization_count = 0;

static inline void
DisableFPUException (void)
{
    unsigned short usCW;

    /* Some OS/2 PM API calls modify the FPU Control Word,
     * but forget to restore it.
     *
     * This can result in XCPT_FLOAT_INVALID_OPCODE exceptions,
     * so to be sure, we disable Invalid Opcode FPU exception
     * before using FPU stuffs.
     */
    usCW = _control87 (0, 0);
    usCW = usCW | EM_INVALID | 0x80;
    _control87 (usCW, MCW_EM | 0x80);
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_init:
 *
 * Initializes the Cairo library. This function is automatically called if
 * Cairo was compiled to be a DLL (however it's not a problem if it's called
 * multiple times). But if you link to Cairo statically, you have to call it
 * once to set up Cairo's internal structures and mutexes.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
cairo_public void
cairo_os2_init (void)
{
    /* This may initialize some stuffs, like create mutex semaphores etc.. */

    cairo_os2_initialization_count++;
    if (cairo_os2_initialization_count > 1) return;

    DisableFPUException ();

#if CAIRO_HAS_FC_FONT
    /* Initialize FontConfig */
    FcInit ();
#endif

    CAIRO_MUTEX_INITIALIZE ();
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_fini:
 *
 * Uninitializes the Cairo library. This function is automatically called if
 * Cairo was compiled to be a DLL (however it's not a problem if it's called
 * multiple times). But if you link to Cairo statically, you have to call it
 * once to shut down Cairo, to let it free all the resources it has allocated.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
cairo_public void
cairo_os2_fini (void)
{
    /* This has to uninitialize some stuffs, like destroy mutex semaphores etc.. */

    if (cairo_os2_initialization_count <= 0) return;
    cairo_os2_initialization_count--;
    if (cairo_os2_initialization_count > 0) return;

    DisableFPUException ();

    cairo_debug_reset_static_data ();

#if CAIRO_HAS_FC_FONT
# if HAVE_FCFINI
    /* Uninitialize FontConfig */
    FcFini ();
# endif
#endif

#ifdef __WATCOMC__
    /* It can happen that the libraries we use have memory leaks,
     * so there are still memory chunks allocated at this point.
     * In these cases, Watcom might still have a bigger memory chunk,
     * called "the heap" allocated from the OS.
     * As we want to minimize the memory we lose from the point of
     * view of the OS, we call this function to shrink that heap
     * as much as possible.
     */
    _heapshrink ();
#else
    /* GCC has a heapmin function that approximately corresponds to
     * what the Watcom function does
     */
    _heapmin ();
#endif
}

/*
 * This function calls the allocation function depending on which
 * method was compiled into the library: it can be native allocation
 * (DosAllocMem/DosFreeMem) or C-Library based allocation (malloc/free).
 * Actually, for pixel buffers that we use this function for, cairo
 * uses _cairo_malloc_abc, so we use that here, too. And use the
 * change to check the size argument
 */
void *_buffer_alloc (size_t a, size_t b, const unsigned int size)
{
    size_t nbytes;
    void  *buffer = NULL;

    if (!a || !b || !size ||
        a >= INT32_MAX / b || a*b >= INT32_MAX / size) {
        return NULL;
    }
    nbytes = a * b * size;

#ifdef OS2_USE_PLATFORM_ALLOC
    /* Using OBJ_ANY on a machine that isn't configured for hi-mem
     * will cause ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER.  If this occurs, or this
     * build doesn't have hi-mem enabled, fall back to using lo-mem.
     */
#ifdef OS2_HIGH_MEMORY
    if (!DosAllocMem (&buffer, nbytes,
                      OBJ_ANY | PAG_READ | PAG_WRITE | PAG_COMMIT))
        return buffer;
#endif
    if (DosAllocMem (&buffer, nbytes,
                     PAG_READ | PAG_WRITE | PAG_COMMIT))
        return NULL;
#else
    /* Clear the malloc'd buffer the way DosAllocMem() does. */
    buffer = malloc (nbytes);
    if (buffer) {
        memset (buffer, 0, nbytes);
    }
#endif
    return buffer;
}

/*
 * This function selects the free function depending on which
 * allocation method was compiled into the library
 */
void _buffer_free (void *buffer)
{
#ifdef OS2_USE_PLATFORM_ALLOC
    DosFreeMem (buffer);
#else
    free (buffer);
#endif
}

/* XXX
 * The cairo_os2_ini() and cairo_os2_fini() functions should be removed and
 * the LibMain code moved to cairo-system.c.  It should also call
 * cairo_debug_reset_static_data() instead of duplicating its logic...
 */

#ifdef BUILD_CAIRO_DLL
/* The main DLL entry for DLL initialization and uninitialization */
/* Only include this code if we're about to build a DLL.          */

#ifdef __WATCOMC__
unsigned _System
LibMain (unsigned hmod,
         unsigned termination)
#else
unsigned long _System
_DLL_InitTerm (unsigned long hModule,
               unsigned long termination)
#endif
{
    if (termination) {
        /* Unloading the DLL */
        cairo_os2_fini ();

#ifndef __WATCOMC__
        /* Uninitialize RTL of GCC */
        __ctordtorTerm ();
        _CRT_term ();
#endif
        return 1;
    } else {
        /* Loading the DLL */
#ifndef __WATCOMC__
        /* Initialize RTL of GCC */
        if (_CRT_init () != 0)
            return 0;
        __ctordtorInit ();
#endif

        cairo_os2_init ();
        return 1;
    }
}

#endif /* BUILD_CAIRO_DLL */

/*
 * The following part of the source file contains the code which might
 * be called the "core" of the OS/2 backend support. This contains the
 * OS/2 surface support functions and structures.
 */

/* Forward declaration */
static const cairo_surface_backend_t cairo_os2_surface_backend;

/* Unpublished API:
 *   GpiEnableYInversion = PMGPI.723
 *   GpiQueryYInversion = PMGPI.726
 *   BOOL APIENTRY GpiEnableYInversion (HPS hps, LONG lHeight);
 *   LONG APIENTRY GpiQueryYInversion (HPS hps);
 */
BOOL APIENTRY GpiEnableYInversion (HPS hps, LONG lHeight);
LONG APIENTRY GpiQueryYInversion (HPS hps);

#ifdef __WATCOMC__
/* Function declaration for GpiDrawBits () (missing from OpenWatcom headers) */
LONG APIENTRY GpiDrawBits (HPS hps,
                           PVOID pBits,
                           PBITMAPINFO2 pbmiInfoTable,
                           LONG lCount,
                           PPOINTL aptlPoints,
                           LONG lRop,
                           ULONG flOptions);
#endif

static void
_cairo_os2_surface_blit_pixels (cairo_os2_surface_t *surface,
                                HPS                  hps_begin_paint,
                                PRECTL               prcl_begin_paint_rect)
{
    POINTL aptlPoints[4];
    LONG   lOldYInversion;
    LONG   rc = GPI_OK;

    /* Check the limits (may not be necessary) */
    if (prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft < 0)
        prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft = 0;
    if (prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom < 0)
        prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom = 0;
    if (prcl_begin_paint_rect->xRight > (LONG) surface->bitmap_info.cx)
        prcl_begin_paint_rect->xRight = (LONG) surface->bitmap_info.cx;
    if (prcl_begin_paint_rect->yTop > (LONG) surface->bitmap_info.cy)
        prcl_begin_paint_rect->yTop = (LONG) surface->bitmap_info.cy;

    /* Exit if the rectangle is empty */
    if (prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft   >= prcl_begin_paint_rect->xRight ||
        prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom >= prcl_begin_paint_rect->yTop)
        return;

    /* Set the Target & Source coordinates */
    *((PRECTL)&aptlPoints[0]) = *prcl_begin_paint_rect;
    *((PRECTL)&aptlPoints[2]) = *prcl_begin_paint_rect;

    /* Make the Target coordinates non-inclusive */
    aptlPoints[1].x -= 1;
    aptlPoints[1].y -= 1;

    /* Enable Y Inversion for the HPS, so  GpiDrawBits will
     * work with upside-top image, not with upside-down image!
     */
    lOldYInversion = GpiQueryYInversion (hps_begin_paint);
    GpiEnableYInversion (hps_begin_paint, surface->bitmap_info.cy-1);

    /* Debug code to draw rectangle limits */
#if 0
    {
        int x, y;
        unsigned char *pixels;

        pixels = surface->pixels;
        for (x = 0; x < surface->bitmap_info.cx; x++) {
            for (y = 0; y < surface->bitmap_info.cy; y++) {
                if ((x == 0) ||
                    (y == 0) ||
                    (x == y) ||
                    (x >= surface->bitmap_info.cx-1) ||
                    (y >= surface->bitmap_info.cy-1))
                {
                    pixels[y*surface->bitmap_info.cx*4+x*4] = 255;
                }
            }
        }
    }
#endif
    if (!surface->use_24bpp) {
        rc = GpiDrawBits (hps_begin_paint,
                          surface->pixels,
                          &(surface->bitmap_info),
                          4,
                          aptlPoints,
                          ROP_SRCCOPY,
                          BBO_IGNORE);
        if (rc != GPI_OK)
            surface->use_24bpp = TRUE;
    }

    if (surface->use_24bpp) {
        /* If GpiDrawBits () failed then this is most likely because the
         * display driver could not handle a 32bit bitmap. So we need to
         * - create a buffer that only contains 3 bytes per pixel
         * - change the bitmap info header to contain 24bit
         * - pass the new buffer to GpiDrawBits () again
         * - clean up the new buffer
         */
        BITMAPINFO2       bmpinfo;
        unsigned char    *pchPixBuf;
        unsigned char    *pchTarget;
        ULONG            *pulSource;
        ULONG             ulX;
        ULONG             ulY;
        ULONG             ulPad;

        /* Set up the bitmap header, but this time for 24bit depth. */
        bmpinfo = surface->bitmap_info;
        bmpinfo.cBitCount = 24;

        /* The start of each row has to be DWORD aligned.  Calculate the
         * of number aligned bytes per row, the total size of the bitmap,
         * and the number of padding bytes at the end of each row.
         */
        ulX = (((bmpinfo.cx * bmpinfo.cBitCount) + 31) / 32) * 4;
        bmpinfo.cbImage = ulX * bmpinfo.cy;
        ulPad = ulX - bmpinfo.cx * 3;

        /* Allocate temporary pixel buffer.  If the rows don't need
         * padding, it has to be 1 byte larger than the size of the
         * bitmap  or else the high-order byte from the last source
         * row will end up in unallocated memory.
         */
        pchPixBuf = (unsigned char *)_buffer_alloc (1, 1,
                                        bmpinfo.cbImage + (ulPad ? 0 : 1));

        if (pchPixBuf) {
            /* Copy 4 bytes from the source but advance the target ptr only
             * 3 bytes, so the high-order alpha byte will be overwritten by
             * the next copy. At the end of each row, skip over the padding.
             */
            pchTarget = pchPixBuf;
            pulSource = (ULONG*)surface->pixels;
            for (ulY = bmpinfo.cy; ulY; ulY--) {
                for (ulX = bmpinfo.cx; ulX; ulX--) {
                    *((ULONG*)pchTarget) = *pulSource++;
                    pchTarget += 3;
                }
                pchTarget += ulPad;
            }

            rc = GpiDrawBits (hps_begin_paint,
                              pchPixBuf,
                              &bmpinfo,
                              4,
                              aptlPoints,
                              ROP_SRCCOPY,
                              BBO_IGNORE);
            if (rc != GPI_OK)
                surface->use_24bpp = FALSE;

            _buffer_free (pchPixBuf);
        }
    }

    /* Restore Y inversion */
    GpiEnableYInversion (hps_begin_paint, lOldYInversion);
}

static void
_cairo_os2_surface_get_pixels_from_screen (cairo_os2_surface_t *surface,
                                           HPS                  hps_begin_paint,
                                           PRECTL               prcl_begin_paint_rect)
{
    HPS hps;
    HDC hdc;
    SIZEL sizlTemp;
    HBITMAP hbmpTemp;
    BITMAPINFO2 bmi2Temp;
    POINTL aptlPoints[4];
    int y;
    unsigned char *pchTemp;

    /* To copy pixels from screen to our buffer, we do the following steps:
     *
     * - Blit pixels from screen to a HBITMAP:
     *   -- Create Memory Device Context
     *   -- Create a PS into it
     *   -- Create a HBITMAP
     *   -- Select HBITMAP into memory PS
     *   -- Blit dirty pixels from screen to HBITMAP
     * - Copy HBITMAP lines (pixels) into our buffer
     * - Free resources
     */

    /* Create a memory device context */
    hdc = DevOpenDC (0, OD_MEMORY,"*",0L, NULL, NULLHANDLE);
    if (!hdc) {
        return;
    }

    /* Create a memory PS */
    sizlTemp.cx = prcl_begin_paint_rect->xRight - prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft;
    sizlTemp.cy = prcl_begin_paint_rect->yTop - prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom;
    hps = GpiCreatePS (0,
                       hdc,
                       &sizlTemp,
                       PU_PELS | GPIT_NORMAL | GPIA_ASSOC);
    if (!hps) {
        DevCloseDC (hdc);
        return;
    }

    /* Create an uninitialized bitmap. */
    /* Prepare BITMAPINFO2 structure for our buffer */
    memset (&bmi2Temp, 0, sizeof (bmi2Temp));
    bmi2Temp.cbFix = sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER2);
    bmi2Temp.cx = sizlTemp.cx;
    bmi2Temp.cy = sizlTemp.cy;
    bmi2Temp.cPlanes = 1;
    bmi2Temp.cBitCount = 32;

    hbmpTemp = GpiCreateBitmap (hps,
                                (PBITMAPINFOHEADER2) &bmi2Temp,
                                0,
                                NULL,
                                NULL);

    if (!hbmpTemp) {
        GpiDestroyPS (hps);
        DevCloseDC (hdc);
        return;
    }

    /* Select the bitmap into the memory device context. */
    GpiSetBitmap (hps, hbmpTemp);

    /* Target coordinates (Noninclusive) */
    aptlPoints[0].x = 0;
    aptlPoints[0].y = 0;

    aptlPoints[1].x = sizlTemp.cx;
    aptlPoints[1].y = sizlTemp.cy;

    /* Source coordinates (Inclusive) */
    aptlPoints[2].x = prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft;
    aptlPoints[2].y = surface->bitmap_info.cy - prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom;

    aptlPoints[3].x = prcl_begin_paint_rect->xRight;
    aptlPoints[3].y = surface->bitmap_info.cy - prcl_begin_paint_rect->yTop;

    /* Blit pixels from screen to bitmap */
    GpiBitBlt (hps,
               hps_begin_paint,
               4,
               aptlPoints,
               ROP_SRCCOPY,
               BBO_IGNORE);

    /* Now we have to extract the pixels from the bitmap. */
    pchTemp =
        surface->pixels +
        (prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom)*surface->bitmap_info.cx*4 +
        prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft*4;
    for (y = 0; y < sizlTemp.cy; y++) {
        /* Get one line of pixels */
        GpiQueryBitmapBits (hps,
                            sizlTemp.cy - y - 1, /* lScanStart */
                            1,                   /* lScans */
                            (PBYTE)pchTemp,
                            &bmi2Temp);

        /* Go for next line */
        pchTemp += surface->bitmap_info.cx*4;
    }

    /* Clean up resources */
    GpiSetBitmap (hps, (HBITMAP) NULL);
    GpiDeleteBitmap (hbmpTemp);
    GpiDestroyPS (hps);
    DevCloseDC (hdc);
}

static cairo_status_t
_cairo_os2_surface_acquire_source_image (void                   *abstract_surface,
                                         cairo_image_surface_t **image_out,
                                         void                  **image_extra)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) abstract_surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }

    DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT);

    /* Increase lend counter */
    local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count++;

    *image_out = local_os2_surface->image_surface;
    *image_extra = NULL;

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

static void
_cairo_os2_surface_release_source_image (void                  *abstract_surface,
                                         cairo_image_surface_t *image,
                                         void                  *image_extra)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) abstract_surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return;
    }

    /* Decrease Lend counter! */
    DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT);

    if (local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count > 0)
        local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count--;
    DosPostEventSem (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back);

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
    return;
}

static cairo_status_t
_cairo_os2_surface_acquire_dest_image (void                     *abstract_surface,
                                       cairo_rectangle_int_t    *interest_rect,
                                       cairo_image_surface_t   **image_out,
                                       cairo_rectangle_int_t    *image_rect,
                                       void                    **image_extra)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) abstract_surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }

    DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT);

    /* Increase lend counter */
    local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count++;

    *image_out = local_os2_surface->image_surface;
    *image_extra = NULL;

    image_rect->x = 0;
    image_rect->y = 0;
    image_rect->width = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cx;
    image_rect->height = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy;

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

static void
_cairo_os2_surface_release_dest_image (void                    *abstract_surface,
                                       cairo_rectangle_int_t   *interest_rect,
                                       cairo_image_surface_t   *image,
                                       cairo_rectangle_int_t   *image_rect,
                                       void                    *image_extra)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;
    RECTL rclToBlit;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) abstract_surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return;
    }

    /* So, we got back the image, and if all goes well, then
     * something has been changed inside the interest_rect.
     * So, we blit it to the screen!
     */

    if (local_os2_surface->blit_as_changes) {
        /* Get mutex, we'll work with the pixel array! */
        if (DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT)!=NO_ERROR) {
            /* Could not get mutex! */
            return;
        }

        if (local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window) {
            /* We know the HWND, so let's invalidate the window region,
             * so the application will redraw itself, using the
             * cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window () API from its own PM thread.
             *
             * This is the safe method, which should be preferred every time.
             */
            rclToBlit.xLeft = interest_rect->x;
            rclToBlit.xRight = interest_rect->x+interest_rect->width; /* Noninclusive */
            rclToBlit.yTop = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy - (interest_rect->y);
            rclToBlit.yBottom = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy - (interest_rect->y+interest_rect->height); /* Noninclusive */

            WinInvalidateRect (local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window,
                               &rclToBlit,
                               FALSE);
        } else {
            /* We don't know the HWND, so try to blit the pixels from here!
             * Please note that it can be problematic if this is not the PM thread!
             *
             * It can cause internal PM stuffs to be scewed up, for some reason.
             * Please always tell the HWND to the surface using the
             * cairo_os2_surface_set_hwnd () API, and call cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window ()
             * from your WM_PAINT, if it's possible!
             */
            rclToBlit.xLeft = interest_rect->x;
            rclToBlit.xRight = interest_rect->x+interest_rect->width; /* Noninclusive */
            rclToBlit.yBottom = interest_rect->y;
            rclToBlit.yTop = interest_rect->y+interest_rect->height; /* Noninclusive */
            /* Now blit there the stuffs! */
            _cairo_os2_surface_blit_pixels (local_os2_surface,
                                            local_os2_surface->hps_client_window,
                                            &rclToBlit);
        }

        DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
    }
    /* Also decrease Lend counter! */
    DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT);

    if (local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count > 0)
        local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count--;
    DosPostEventSem (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back);

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
}

static cairo_bool_t
_cairo_os2_surface_get_extents (void                    *abstract_surface,
                                cairo_rectangle_int_t   *rectangle)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) abstract_surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }

    rectangle->x = 0;
    rectangle->y = 0;
    rectangle->width  = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cx;
    rectangle->height = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy;

    return TRUE;
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_create:
 * @hps_client_window: the presentation handle to bind the surface to
 * @width: the width of the surface
 * @height: the height of the surface
 *
 * Create a Cairo surface which is bound to a given presentation space (HPS).
 * The caller retains ownership of the HPS and must dispose of it after the
 * the surface has been destroyed.  The surface will be created to have the
 * given size. By default every change to the surface will be made visible
 * immediately by blitting it into the window. This can be changed with
 * cairo_os2_surface_set_manual_window_refresh().
 * Note that the surface will contain garbage when created, so the pixels
 * have to be initialized by hand first. You can use the Cairo functions to
 * fill it with black, or use cairo_surface_mark_dirty() to fill the surface
 * with pixels from the window/HPS.
 *
 * Return value: the newly created surface
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
cairo_surface_t *
cairo_os2_surface_create (HPS hps_client_window,
                          int width,
                          int height)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface = 0;
    cairo_status_t status;
    int rc;

    /* Check the size of the window */
    if ((width <= 0) || (height <= 0)) {
        status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_INVALID_SIZE);
        goto error_exit;
    }

    /* Allocate an OS/2 surface structure. */
    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) malloc (sizeof (cairo_os2_surface_t));
    if (!local_os2_surface) {
        status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
        goto error_exit;
    }

    memset(local_os2_surface, 0, sizeof(cairo_os2_surface_t));

    /* Allocate resources:  mutex & event semaphores and the pixel buffer */
    if (DosCreateMutexSem (NULL,
                           &(local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields),
                           0,
                           FALSE))
    {
        status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_DEVICE_ERROR);
        goto error_exit;
    }

    if (DosCreateEventSem (NULL,
                           &(local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back),
                           0,
                           FALSE))
    {
        status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_DEVICE_ERROR);
        goto error_exit;
    }

    local_os2_surface->pixels = (unsigned char *) _buffer_alloc (height, width, 4);
    if (!local_os2_surface->pixels) {
        status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
        goto error_exit;
    }

    /* Create image surface from pixel array */
    local_os2_surface->image_surface = (cairo_image_surface_t *)
        cairo_image_surface_create_for_data (local_os2_surface->pixels,
                                             CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32,
                                             width,      /* Width */
                                             height,     /* Height */
                                             width * 4); /* Rowstride */
    status = local_os2_surface->image_surface->base.status;
    if (status)
        goto error_exit;

    /* Set values for OS/2-specific data that aren't zero/NULL/FALSE.
     * Note: hps_client_window may be null if this was called by
     * cairo_os2_surface_create_for_window().
     */
    local_os2_surface->hps_client_window = hps_client_window;
    local_os2_surface->blit_as_changes = TRUE;

    /* Prepare BITMAPINFO2 structure for our buffer */
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cbFix = sizeof (BITMAPINFOHEADER2);
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cx = width;
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy = height;
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cPlanes = 1;
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cBitCount = 32;

    /* Initialize base surface */
    _cairo_surface_init (&local_os2_surface->base,
                         &cairo_os2_surface_backend,
                         NULL, /* device */
                         _cairo_content_from_format (CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32));

    /* Successful exit */
    return (cairo_surface_t *)local_os2_surface;

 error_exit:

    /* This point will only be reached if an error occured */

    if (local_os2_surface) {
        if (local_os2_surface->pixels)
            _buffer_free (local_os2_surface->pixels);
        if (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back)
            DosCloseEventSem (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back);
        if (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields)
            DosCloseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
        free (local_os2_surface);
    }

    return _cairo_surface_create_in_error (status);
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_create_for_window:
 * @hwnd_client_window: the window handle to bind the surface to
 * @width: the width of the surface
 * @height: the height of the surface
 *
 * Create a Cairo surface which is bound to a given window; the caller retains
 * ownership of the window.  This is a convenience function for use with
 * windows that will only be updated when cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window()
 * is called (usually in response to a WM_PAINT message).  It avoids the need
 * to create a persistent HPS for every window and assumes that one will be
 * supplied by the caller when a cairo function needs one.  If it isn't, an
 * HPS will be created on-the-fly and released before the function which needs
 * it returns.
 *
 * Return value: the newly created surface
 *
 * Since: 1.10
 **/
cairo_surface_t *
cairo_os2_surface_create_for_window (HWND hwnd_client_window,
                                     int width,
                                     int height)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    /* A window handle must be provided. */
    if (!hwnd_client_window) {
        return _cairo_surface_create_in_error (
                                _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY));
    }

    /* Create the surface. */
    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *)
        cairo_os2_surface_create (0, width, height);

    /* If successful, save the hwnd & turn off automatic repainting. */
    if (!local_os2_surface->image_surface->base.status) {
        local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window = hwnd_client_window;
        local_os2_surface->blit_as_changes = FALSE;
    }

    return (cairo_surface_t *)local_os2_surface;
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_set_size:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to resize
 * @new_width: the new width of the surface
 * @new_height: the new height of the surface
 * @timeout: timeout value in milliseconds
 *
 * When the client window is resized, call this API to set the new size in the
 * underlying surface accordingly. This function will reallocate everything,
 * so you'll have to redraw everything in the surface after this call.
 * The surface will contain garbage after the resizing. So the notes of
 * cairo_os2_surface_create() apply here, too.
 *
 * The timeout value specifies how long the function should wait on other parts
 * of the program to release the buffers. It is necessary, because it can happen
 * that Cairo is just drawing something into the surface while we want to
 * destroy and recreate it.
 *
 * Return value: %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS if the surface could be resized,
 * %CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH if the surface is not an OS/2 surface,
 * %CAIRO_STATUS_INVALID_SIZE for invalid sizes
 * %CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY if the new size could not be allocated, or if the
 * timeout happened before all the buffers were released
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
int
cairo_os2_surface_set_size (cairo_surface_t *surface,
                            int              new_width,
                            int              new_height,
                            int              timeout)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;
    unsigned char *pchNewPixels;
    int rc;
    cairo_image_surface_t *pNewImageSurface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }

    if ((new_width <= 0) ||
        (new_height <= 0))
    {
        /* Invalid size! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_INVALID_SIZE);
    }

    /* Allocate memory for new stuffs */
    pchNewPixels = (unsigned char *) _buffer_alloc (new_height, new_width, 4);
    if (!pchNewPixels) {
        /* Not enough memory for the pixels!
         * Everything remains the same!
         */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
    }

    /* Create image surface from new pixel array */
    pNewImageSurface = (cairo_image_surface_t *)
        cairo_image_surface_create_for_data (pchNewPixels,
                                             CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32,
                                             new_width,      /* Width */
                                             new_height,     /* Height */
                                             new_width * 4); /* Rowstride */

    if (pNewImageSurface->base.status) {
        /* Could not create image surface!
         * Everything remains the same!
         */
        _buffer_free (pchNewPixels);
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
    }

    /* Okay, new memory allocated, so it's time to swap old buffers
     * to new ones!
     */
    if (DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT)!=NO_ERROR) {
        /* Could not get mutex!
         * Everything remains the same!
         */
        cairo_surface_destroy ((cairo_surface_t *) pNewImageSurface);
        _buffer_free (pchNewPixels);
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
    }

    /* We have to make sure that we won't destroy a surface which
     * is lent to some other code (Cairo is drawing into it)!
     */
    while (local_os2_surface->pixel_array_lend_count > 0) {
        ULONG ulPostCount;
        DosResetEventSem (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back, &ulPostCount);
        DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
        /* Wait for somebody to return the pixels! */
        rc = DosWaitEventSem (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back, timeout);
        if (rc != NO_ERROR) {
            /* Either timeout or something wrong... Exit. */
            cairo_surface_destroy ((cairo_surface_t *) pNewImageSurface);
            _buffer_free (pchNewPixels);
            return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
        }
        /* Okay, grab mutex and check counter again! */
        if (DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT)
            != NO_ERROR)
        {
            /* Could not get mutex!
             * Everything remains the same!
             */
            cairo_surface_destroy ((cairo_surface_t *) pNewImageSurface);
            _buffer_free (pchNewPixels);
            return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
        }
    }

    /* Destroy old image surface */
    cairo_surface_destroy ((cairo_surface_t *) (local_os2_surface->image_surface));
    /* Destroy old pixel buffer */
    _buffer_free (local_os2_surface->pixels);
    /* Set new image surface */
    local_os2_surface->image_surface = pNewImageSurface;
    /* Set new pixel buffer */
    local_os2_surface->pixels = pchNewPixels;
    /* Change bitmap2 structure */
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cx = new_width;
    local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy = new_height;

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to refresh
 * @hps_begin_paint: the presentation handle of the window to refresh
 * @prcl_begin_paint_rect: the rectangle to redraw
 *
 * This function can be used to force a repaint of a given area of the client
 * window. It should usually be called from the WM_PAINT processing of the
 * window procedure. However, it can be called any time a given part of the
 * window has to be updated.
 *
 * The HPS and RECTL to be passed can be taken from the usual WinBeginPaint call
 * of the window procedure, but you can also get the HPS using WinGetPS, and you
 * can assemble your own update rectangle by hand.
 * If hps_begin_paint is %NULL, the function will use the HPS passed into
 * cairo_os2_surface_create(). If @prcl_begin_paint_rect is %NULL, the function
 * will query the current window size and repaint the whole window.
 *
 * Cairo assumes that if you set the HWND to the surface using
 * cairo_os2_surface_set_hwnd(), this function will be called by the application
 * every time it gets a WM_PAINT for that HWND. If the HWND is set in the
 * surface, Cairo uses this function to handle dirty areas too.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
void
cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window (cairo_surface_t *surface,
                                  HPS              hps_begin_paint,
                                  PRECTL           prcl_begin_paint_rect)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;
    RECTL rclTemp;
    HPS hpsTemp = 0;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return;
    }

    /* If an HPS wasn't provided, see if we can get one. */
    if (!hps_begin_paint) {
        hps_begin_paint = local_os2_surface->hps_client_window;
        if (!hps_begin_paint) {
            if (local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window) {
                hpsTemp = WinGetPS(local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window);
                hps_begin_paint = hpsTemp;
            }
            /* No HPS & no way to get one, so exit */
            if (!hps_begin_paint)
                return;
        }
    }

    if (prcl_begin_paint_rect == NULL) {
        /* Update the whole window! */
        rclTemp.xLeft = 0;
        rclTemp.xRight = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cx;
        rclTemp.yTop = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy;
        rclTemp.yBottom = 0;
    } else {
        /* Use the rectangle we got passed as parameter! */
        rclTemp.xLeft = prcl_begin_paint_rect->xLeft;
        rclTemp.xRight = prcl_begin_paint_rect->xRight;
        rclTemp.yTop = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy - prcl_begin_paint_rect->yBottom;
        rclTemp.yBottom = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy - prcl_begin_paint_rect->yTop ;
    }

    /* Get mutex, we'll work with the pixel array! */
    if (DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT)
        != NO_ERROR)
    {
        /* Could not get mutex! */
        if (hpsTemp)
            WinReleasePS(hpsTemp);
        return;
    }

    if ((local_os2_surface->dirty_area_present) &&
        (local_os2_surface->rcl_dirty_area.xLeft == rclTemp.xLeft) &&
        (local_os2_surface->rcl_dirty_area.xRight == rclTemp.xRight) &&
        (local_os2_surface->rcl_dirty_area.yTop == rclTemp.yTop) &&
        (local_os2_surface->rcl_dirty_area.yBottom == rclTemp.yBottom))
    {
        /* Aha, this call was because of a dirty area, so in this case we
         * have to blit the pixels from the screen to the surface!
         */
        local_os2_surface->dirty_area_present = FALSE;
        _cairo_os2_surface_get_pixels_from_screen (local_os2_surface,
                                                   hps_begin_paint,
                                                   &rclTemp);
    } else {
        /* Okay, we have the surface, have the HPS
         * (might be from WinBeginPaint () or from WinGetPS () )
         * Now blit there the stuffs!
         */
        _cairo_os2_surface_blit_pixels (local_os2_surface,
                                        hps_begin_paint,
                                        &rclTemp);
    }

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);

    if (hpsTemp)
        WinReleasePS(hpsTemp);
}

static cairo_status_t
_cairo_os2_surface_finish (void *abstract_surface)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) abstract_surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }

    DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT);

    /* Destroy old image surface */
    cairo_surface_destroy ((cairo_surface_t *) (local_os2_surface->image_surface));
    /* Destroy old pixel buffer */
    _buffer_free (local_os2_surface->pixels);
    DosCloseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
    DosCloseEventSem (local_os2_surface->hev_pixel_array_came_back);

    /* The memory itself will be free'd by the cairo_surface_destroy ()
     * who called us.
     */

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_set_hwnd:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to associate with the window handle
 * @hwnd_client_window: the window handle of the client window
 *
 * Sets window handle for surface; the caller retains ownership of the window.
 * If Cairo wants to blit into the window because it is set to blit as the
 * surface changes (see cairo_os2_surface_set_manual_window_refresh()), then
 * there are two ways it can choose:
 * If it knows the HWND of the surface, then it invalidates that area, so the
 * application will get a WM_PAINT message and it can call
 * cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window() to redraw that area. Otherwise cairo itself
 * will use the HPS it got at surface creation time, and blit the pixels itself.
 * It's also a solution, but experience shows that if this happens from a non-PM
 * thread, then it can screw up PM internals.
 *
 * So, best solution is to set the HWND for the surface after the surface
 * creation, so every blit will be done from application's message processing
 * loop, which is the safest way to do.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
void
cairo_os2_surface_set_hwnd (cairo_surface_t *surface,
                            HWND             hwnd_client_window)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return;
    }

    if (DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT)
        != NO_ERROR)
    {
        /* Could not get mutex! */
        return;
    }

    local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window = hwnd_client_window;

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_set_manual_window_refresh:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to set the refresh mode for
 * @manual_refresh: the switch for manual surface refresh
 *
 * This API can tell Cairo if it should show every change to this surface
 * immediately in the window or if it should be cached and will only be visible
 * once the user calls cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window() explicitly. If the
 * HWND was not set in the cairo surface, then the HPS will be used to blit the
 * graphics. Otherwise it will invalidate the given window region so the user
 * will get the WM_PAINT message to redraw that area of the window.
 *
 * So, if you're only interested in displaying the final result after several
 * drawing operations, you might get better performance if you put the surface
 * into manual refresh mode by passing a true value to this function. Then call
 * cairo_os2_surface_refresh() whenever desired.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
void
cairo_os2_surface_set_manual_window_refresh (cairo_surface_t *surface,
                                             cairo_bool_t     manual_refresh)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return;
    }

    local_os2_surface->blit_as_changes = !manual_refresh;
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_get_manual_window_refresh:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to query the refresh mode from
 *
 * This space left intentionally blank.
 *
 * Return value: current refresh mode of the surface (true by default)
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
cairo_bool_t
cairo_os2_surface_get_manual_window_refresh (cairo_surface_t *surface)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return FALSE;
    }

    return !(local_os2_surface->blit_as_changes);
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_get_hps:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to be querued
 * @hps: HPS currently associated with the surface (if any)
 *
 * This API retrieves the HPS associated with the surface.
 *
 * Return value: %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS if the hps could be retrieved,
 * %CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH if the surface is not an OS/2 surface,
 * %CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER if the hps argument is null
 *
 * Since: 1.10
 **/
cairo_status_t
cairo_os2_surface_get_hps (cairo_surface_t *surface,
                           HPS             *hps)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }
    if (!hps)
    {
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER);
    }
    *hps = local_os2_surface->hps_client_window;

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * cairo_os2_surface_set_hps:
 * @surface: the cairo surface to associate with the HPS
 * @hps: new HPS to be associated with the surface (the HPS may be null)
 *
 * This API replaces the HPS associated with the surface with a new one.
 * The caller retains ownership of the HPS and must dispose of it after
 * the surface has been destroyed or it has been replaced by another
 * call to this function.
 *
 * Return value: %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS if the hps could be replaced,
 * %CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH if the surface is not an OS/2 surface,
 *
 * Since: 1.10
 **/
cairo_status_t
cairo_os2_surface_set_hps (cairo_surface_t *surface,
                           HPS              hps)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }
    local_os2_surface->hps_client_window = hps;

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

static cairo_status_t
_cairo_os2_surface_mark_dirty_rectangle (void *surface,
                                         int   x,
                                         int   y,
                                         int   width,
                                         int   height)
{
    cairo_os2_surface_t *local_os2_surface;
    RECTL rclToBlit;

    local_os2_surface = (cairo_os2_surface_t *) surface;
    if ((!local_os2_surface) ||
        (local_os2_surface->base.backend != &cairo_os2_surface_backend))
    {
        /* Invalid parameter (wrong surface)! */
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_SURFACE_TYPE_MISMATCH);
    }

    /* Get mutex, we'll work with the pixel array! */
    if (DosRequestMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields, SEM_INDEFINITE_WAIT)
        != NO_ERROR)
    {
        /* Could not get mutex! */
        return CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
    }

    /* Check for defaults */
    if (width < 0)
        width = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cx;
    if (height < 0)
        height = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy;

    if (local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window) {
        /* We know the HWND, so let's invalidate the window region,
         * so the application will redraw itself, using the
         * cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window () API from its own PM thread.
         * From that function we'll note that it's not a redraw but a
         * dirty-rectangle deal stuff, so we'll handle the things from
         * there.
         *
         * This is the safe method, which should be preferred every time.
         */
        rclToBlit.xLeft = x;
        rclToBlit.xRight = x + width; /* Noninclusive */
        rclToBlit.yTop = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy - (y);
        rclToBlit.yBottom = local_os2_surface->bitmap_info.cy - (y + height); /* Noninclusive */

#if 0
        if (local_os2_surface->dirty_area_present) {
            /* Yikes, there is already a dirty area which should be
             * cleaned up, but we'll overwrite it. Sorry.
             * TODO: Something clever should be done here.
             */
        }
#endif

        /* Set up dirty area reminder stuff */
        memcpy (&(local_os2_surface->rcl_dirty_area), &rclToBlit, sizeof (RECTL));
        local_os2_surface->dirty_area_present = TRUE;

        /* Invalidate window area */
        WinInvalidateRect (local_os2_surface->hwnd_client_window,
                           &rclToBlit,
                           FALSE);
    } else {
        /* We don't know the HWND, so try to blit the pixels from here!
         * Please note that it can be problematic if this is not the PM thread!
         *
         * It can cause internal PM stuffs to be scewed up, for some reason.
         * Please always tell the HWND to the surface using the
         * cairo_os2_surface_set_hwnd () API, and call cairo_os2_surface_refresh_window ()
         * from your WM_PAINT, if it's possible!
         */

        rclToBlit.xLeft = x;
        rclToBlit.xRight = x + width; /* Noninclusive */
        rclToBlit.yBottom = y;
        rclToBlit.yTop = y + height; /* Noninclusive */
        /* Now get the pixels from the screen! */
        _cairo_os2_surface_get_pixels_from_screen (local_os2_surface,
                                                   local_os2_surface->hps_client_window,
                                                   &rclToBlit);
    }

    DosReleaseMutexSem (local_os2_surface->hmtx_use_private_fields);

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

static const cairo_surface_backend_t cairo_os2_surface_backend = {
    CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_OS2,
    _cairo_os2_surface_finish,
    _cairo_default_context_create,

    NULL, /* create_similar */
    NULL, /* create_similar_image */
    NULL, /* map_to_image */
    NULL, /* unmap_image */

    _cairo_os2_surface_acquire_source_image,
    _cairo_os2_surface_release_source_image,
    _cairo_os2_surface_acquire_dest_image,
    _cairo_os2_surface_release_dest_image,
    NULL, /* clone_similar */
    NULL, /* composite */
    NULL, /* fill_rectangles */
    NULL, /* composite_trapezoids */
    NULL, /* create_span_renderer */
    NULL, /* check_span_renderer */
    NULL, /* copy_page */
    NULL, /* show_page */
    _cairo_os2_surface_get_extents,
    NULL, /* old_show_glyphs */
    NULL, /* get_font_options */
    NULL, /* flush */
    _cairo_os2_surface_mark_dirty_rectangle,
    NULL, /* scaled_font_fini */
    NULL, /* scaled_glyph_fini */
    NULL, /* paint */
    NULL, /* mask */
    NULL, /* stroke */
    NULL, /* fill */
    NULL, /* show_glyphs */
    NULL, /* snapshot */
    NULL, /* is_similar */
    NULL, /* fill_stroke */
    NULL, /* create_solid_pattern_surface */
    NULL, /* can_repaint_solid_pattern_surface */
    NULL, /* has_show_text_glyphs */
    NULL  /* show_text_glyphs */
};