treewide: use initializer for struct vm_unmapped_area_info

Future changes will need to add a new member to struct
vm_unmapped_area_info.  This would cause trouble for any call site that
doesn't initialize the struct.  Currently every caller sets each member
manually, so if new ones are added they will be uninitialized and the core
code parsing the struct will see garbage in the new member.

It could be possible to initialize the new member manually to 0 at each
call site.  This and a couple other options were discussed.  Having some
struct vm_unmapped_area_info instances not zero initialized will put those
sites at risk of feeding garbage into vm_unmapped_area(), if the
convention is to zero initialize the struct and any new field addition
missed a call site that initializes each field manually.  So it is useful
to do things similar across the kernel.

The consensus (see links) was that in general the best way to accomplish
taking into account both code cleanliness and minimizing the chance of
introducing bugs, was to do C99 static initialization.  As in: struct
vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};

With this method of initialization, the whole struct will be zero
initialized, and any statements setting fields to zero will be unneeded. 
The change should not leave cleanup at the call sides.

While iterating though the possible solutions a few archs kindly acked
other variations that still zero initialized the struct.  These sites have
been modified in previous changes using the pattern acked by the
respective arch.

So to be reduce the chance of bugs via uninitialized fields, perform a
tree wide change using the consensus for the best general way to do this
change.  Use C99 static initializing to zero the struct and remove and
statements that simply set members to zero.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240326021656.202649-11-rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/202402280912.33AEE7A9CF@keescook/#t
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/j7bfvig3gew3qruouxrh7z7ehjjafrgkbcmg6tcghhfh3rhmzi@wzlcoecgy5rs/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/ec3e377a-c0a0-4dd3-9cb9-96517e54d17e@csgroup.eu/
Signed-off-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin (Intel) <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Naveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

15 files changed, 25 insertions, 57 deletions

diff --git a/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c b/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
index 5db88b627439..e5f881bc8288 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
+++ b/arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
@@ -1218,14 +1218,11 @@ static unsigned long
 arch_get_unmapped_area_1(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
 		         unsigned long limit)
 {
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = addr;
 	info.high_limit = limit;
-	info.align_mask = 0;
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/arc/mm/mmap.c b/arch/arc/mm/mmap.c
index 3c1c7ae73292..69a915297155 100644
--- a/arch/arc/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/arch/arc/mm/mmap.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/*
 	 * We enforce the MAP_FIXED case.
@@ -51,11 +51,9 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 			return addr;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
-	info.align_mask = 0;
 	info.align_offset = pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 }
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/mmap.c b/arch/arm/mm/mmap.c
index a0f8a0ca0788..d65d0e6ed10a 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/mmap.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	int do_align = 0;
 	int aliasing = cache_is_vipt_aliasing();
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/*
 	 * We only need to do colour alignment if either the I or D
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 			return addr;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
 	int do_align = 0;
 	int aliasing = cache_is_vipt_aliasing();
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/*
 	 * We only need to do colour alignment if either the I or D
diff --git a/arch/loongarch/mm/mmap.c b/arch/loongarch/mm/mmap.c
index 89af7c12e8c0..889030985135 100644
--- a/arch/loongarch/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/arch/loongarch/mm/mmap.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ static unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_common(struct file *filp,
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
 	int do_color_align;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (unlikely(len > TASK_SIZE))
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ static unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_common(struct file *filp,
 		 */
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
diff --git a/arch/mips/mm/mmap.c b/arch/mips/mm/mmap.c
index 00fe90c6db3e..7e11d7b58761 100644
--- a/arch/mips/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/arch/mips/mm/mmap.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ static unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_common(struct file *filp,
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
 	int do_color_align;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (unlikely(len > TASK_SIZE))
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ static unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_common(struct file *filp,
 		 */
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
diff --git a/arch/s390/mm/hugetlbpage.c b/arch/s390/mm/hugetlbpage.c
index 7d948e243f4b..e1e63dc1b23d 100644
--- a/arch/s390/mm/hugetlbpage.c
+++ b/arch/s390/mm/hugetlbpage.c
@@ -248,14 +248,12 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_bottomup(struct file *file,
 		unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(file);
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = current->mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 }
 
@@ -264,7 +262,7 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *file,
 		unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(file);
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 	unsigned long addr;
 
 	info.flags = VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN;
@@ -272,7 +270,6 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *file,
 	info.low_limit = PAGE_SIZE;
 	info.high_limit = current->mm->mmap_base;
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/arch/s390/mm/mmap.c b/arch/s390/mm/mmap.c
index 6b2e4436ad4a..206756946589 100644
--- a/arch/s390/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/arch/s390/mm/mmap.c
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (len > TASK_SIZE - mmap_min_addr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -102,7 +102,6 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 			goto check_asce_limit;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
@@ -122,7 +121,7 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, unsigned long ad
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/* requested length too big for entire address space */
 	if (len > TASK_SIZE - mmap_min_addr)
diff --git a/arch/sh/mm/mmap.c b/arch/sh/mm/mmap.c
index b82199878b45..bee329d4149a 100644
--- a/arch/sh/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/arch/sh/mm/mmap.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	int do_colour_align;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
 		/* We do not accept a shared mapping if it would violate
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 			return addr;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
@@ -106,7 +105,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
 	int do_colour_align;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
 		/* We do not accept a shared mapping if it would violate
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_32.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_32.c
index 082a551897ed..08a19727795c 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_32.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_32.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE0(getpagesize)
 
 unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
 		/* We do not accept a shared mapping if it would violate
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr, unsi
 	if (!addr)
 		addr = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = addr;
 	info.high_limit = TASK_SIZE;
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_64.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_64.c
index 1dbf7211666e..d9c3b34ca744 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_64.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_64.c
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr, unsi
 	struct vm_area_struct * vma;
 	unsigned long task_size = TASK_SIZE;
 	int do_color_align;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
 		/* We do not accept a shared mapping if it would violate
@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@ unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr, unsi
 			return addr;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
 	info.high_limit = min(task_size, VA_EXCLUDE_START);
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
 	unsigned long task_size = STACK_TOP32;
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
 	int do_color_align;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/* This should only ever run for 32-bit processes.  */
 	BUG_ON(!test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT));
diff --git a/arch/sparc/mm/hugetlbpage.c b/arch/sparc/mm/hugetlbpage.c
index c23012e3a353..cc91ca7a1e18 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/mm/hugetlbpage.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/mm/hugetlbpage.c
@@ -31,17 +31,15 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_bottomup(struct file *filp,
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(filp);
 	unsigned long task_size = TASK_SIZE;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT))
 		task_size = STACK_TOP32;
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
 	info.high_limit = min(task_size, VA_EXCLUDE_START);
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 
 	if ((addr & ~PAGE_MASK) && task_size > VA_EXCLUDE_END) {
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(filp);
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/* This should only ever run for 32-bit processes.  */
 	BUG_ON(!test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT));
@@ -73,7 +71,6 @@ hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
 	info.low_limit = PAGE_SIZE;
 	info.high_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c
index cb9fa1d5c66f..96b9d29aead0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 	unsigned long begin, end;
 
 	if (flags & MAP_FIXED)
@@ -137,11 +137,9 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 			return addr;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = begin;
 	info.high_limit = end;
-	info.align_mask = 0;
 	info.align_offset = pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
 	if (filp) {
 		info.align_mask = get_align_mask();
@@ -158,7 +156,7 @@ arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	unsigned long addr = addr0;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	/* requested length too big for entire address space */
 	if (len > TASK_SIZE)
@@ -203,7 +201,6 @@ get_unmapped_area:
 	if (addr > DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW && !in_32bit_syscall())
 		info.high_limit += TASK_SIZE_MAX - DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW;
 
-	info.align_mask = 0;
 	info.align_offset = pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
 	if (filp) {
 		info.align_mask = get_align_mask();
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.c b/arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.c
index 06ca9a60bac2..807a5859a3c4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.c
@@ -25,9 +25,8 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_bottomup(struct file *file,
 		unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(file);
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = get_mmap_base(1);
 
@@ -39,7 +38,6 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_bottomup(struct file *file,
 		task_size_32bit() : task_size_64bit(addr > DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW);
 
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +46,7 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *file,
 		unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(file);
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	info.flags = VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN;
 	info.length = len;
@@ -63,7 +61,6 @@ static unsigned long hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *file,
 		info.high_limit += TASK_SIZE_MAX - DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW;
 
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c b/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c
index 3dee18bf47ed..2f4e88552d3f 100644
--- a/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c
@@ -176,14 +176,12 @@ hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_bottomup(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
 		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(file);
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = current->mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = arch_get_mmap_end(addr, len, flags);
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 }
 
@@ -192,14 +190,13 @@ hugetlb_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
 		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct hstate *h = hstate_file(file);
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 
 	info.flags = VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = PAGE_SIZE;
 	info.high_limit = arch_get_mmap_base(addr, current->mm->mmap_base);
 	info.align_mask = PAGE_MASK & ~huge_page_mask(h);
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
index 0ef1191e3be5..4ad386f3f63f 100644
--- a/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/mm/mmap.c
@@ -1704,7 +1704,7 @@ generic_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 	const unsigned long mmap_end = arch_get_mmap_end(addr, len, flags);
 
 	if (len > mmap_end - mmap_min_addr)
@@ -1722,12 +1722,9 @@ generic_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 			return addr;
 	}
 
-	info.flags = 0;
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
 	info.high_limit = mmap_end;
-	info.align_mask = 0;
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 }
 
@@ -1752,7 +1749,7 @@ generic_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
-	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info;
+	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {};
 	const unsigned long mmap_end = arch_get_mmap_end(addr, len, flags);
 
 	/* requested length too big for entire address space */
@@ -1776,8 +1773,6 @@ generic_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 	info.length = len;
 	info.low_limit = PAGE_SIZE;
 	info.high_limit = arch_get_mmap_base(addr, mm->mmap_base);
-	info.align_mask = 0;
-	info.align_offset = 0;
 	addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
 
 	/*