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XSCOPE -- a program to monitor X11/Client conversations
=======================================================
XSCOPE is a program to monitor the connections between the X11 window
server and a client program. xscope runs as a separate process. By
adjusting the host and/or display number that a X11 client attaches
to, the client is attached to xscope instead of X11. xscope attaches
to X11 as if it were the client. All bytes from the client are sent
to xscope which passes them on to X11; All bytes from X11 are sent to
xscope which sends them on to the client. xscope is transparent to
the client and X11.
In addition to passing characters back and forth, xscope will print
information about this traffic on stdout, giving performance and
debugging information for an X11 client and server.
-------------- -------------- --------------
| | | | | |
| | ------------> | | ----------> | |
| client | | xscope | | server |
| | | | | |
| | <----------- | | <---------- | |
| | | | | |
-------------- -------------- --------------
|
|
v
trace output to stdout
When running with xscope, three processes are involved, potentially all
on different machines:
X11 -- the X11 window server will be running on machine "A" for Display "B".
("A" is a machine name; "B" is a display number).
xscope -- xscope must be told where the X11 window server is
(what machine and what display). The options for xscope are
-h<X11-host> and -d<display-number>. In our example, -hA and -dB.
Typically the display-number is not given. xscope will not try to
connect to X11 until the client connects to xscope.
client -- the client should connect to xscope rather than X11. To avoid
changing the code for the client, xscope listens on the same port
as X11. If X11 and xscope are on different machines, this works
well. However, if X11 and xscope are on the same machine, this
creates a port conflict. To resolve this conflict, xscope can
be given a different input or output port number, as necessary
to avoid the port that X11 is listening to. The client must connect
to this offset port number. The input port for xscope is set by
-i<port-number>; the output port is set by -o<port-number>. The
default input port is 1; the default output port is 0. These ports
are offset by the X11 base (6000) and the display number. The client
attaches to xscope by changing its display number by the port offset.
For example, with X11 running on "bagel", display 0 (the default), and
xscope and the client running on "cleo", we would start xscope as
"xscope -hbagel -i0". The client program could then connect to "X11" on
"cleo:0", and would be attached to xscope, which would then attach to
X11 on "bagel:0".
If, however, all three processes were running on "cleo", we would
start xscope by "xscope -i1". This would cause it to listen on
port 6001 (which is display 1 for X11). The client would attach to
X11 on "cleo:1", and xscope would connect through to X11 on "cleo:0".
LIMITATIONS:
------------
xscope was originally written & used on a Sun3. Additional code may be needed
for byteswapping on different architectures.
The command line arguments for specifying the real X server should probably
be changed to be more consistent with X11R3 applications.
The builtin atoms have been wired in directly; they should probably be
picked up from a header file.
Each extension needs to have decoding routines manually written; they
should probably be generated from the XCB xml protocol descriptions.
There is some code to interpret typed commands from the keyboard.
It would be possible to extend the a command language to create
artificial characters to be sent to X11 or the client as if they were
generated by the other, or to dynamically alter requests or replies.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
The original paper introducing xscope can be read at:
http://jklp.org/profession/papers/index.html
All questions regarding this software should be directed at the
Xorg mailing list:
https://lists.x.org/mailman/listinfo/xorg
The primary development code repository can be found at:
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/xscope
Please submit bug reports and requests to merge patches there.
For patch submission instructions, see:
https://www.x.org/wiki/Development/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
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