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authorAlan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@oracle.com>2014-12-06 23:53:36 -0800
committerAlan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@oracle.com>2014-12-06 23:53:36 -0800
commite65d4bc6f655560ca7eaeef386e223f7d7228c8f (patch)
tree2e1ce30a8f85207c8a313d9fa7f2250e2ec4bc6a /X11R2.mdwn
parenta9c7589f51f14295345e6690971e9213bbdc09d8 (diff)
Add X11R2 historic release page
Signed-off-by: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@oracle.com>
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+<div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SoftwareApplication">
+
+# <span itemprop="name">X Window System</span>, <span itemprop="version">Version 11, Release 2</span>
+
+<span itemprop="description">
+X11R2 was the second release of the X Window System, Version 11 from MIT.
+</span>
+It was <a href="https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.windows.x/Vkcma__nTXc/oXRU67CsRHQJ">released in
+<span itemprop="datePublished" content="1988-03-01">March 1988</span></a>,
+with the following changes excerpted from the release notes.
+The sources are available for download for historical reference from
+<a href="http://www.x.org/releases/X11R2/" itemprop="downloadUrl">http://www.x.org/releases/X11R2/</a>.
+
+[[!toc levels=4 startlevel=2]]
+
+## Overview
+
+This is the second release of Version 11 of the X Window System from MIT.
+It is substantially more robust than the previous version and should provide a
+solid foundation upon which applications may be developed.
+No changes have been made to
+the X Protocol; the Resource Manager and the extension mechanism were the
+only parts of Xlib that were changed in incompatible ways.
+However, the
+command line arguments for specifying the server to contact and the default
+geometry for an application's main window have been changed in all supported
+clients. Also, the format for specifying default resources has been changed.
+
+This release contains two separate distributions: one for software that
+is supported by the staff of the X Consortium, and one for user-contributed
+software that is provided “as is” as public service. Furthermore,
+printable versions of many documents are provided separately from the source
+code to make loading subsets of the release easier. Over time, we expect
+there to be migration in both directions between the two distributions.
+
+The document *X Window System Protocol, Version 11* is the final
+authority on what is and is not part of the core X Window System protocol.
+The server provided in this distribution is a sample implementation, not
+a specification of how servers must be written.
+
+This release contains four higher level toolkits to make designing and
+implementing applications easier:
+
+ * *X Toolkit Intrinsics*
+
+ Currently under review by the X Consortium for possible inclusion in
+ the X standard, this package provides a collection of resource, event,
+ and object managers that may be used to build user interface objects
+ called *widgets*. A sample set of widgets is provided.
+ Sources are located in *lib/Xt/* and *lib/Xaw/*.
+
+ * *Xrlib*
+
+ This is a collection of User Interface utilities and higher-level objects
+ written by Hewlett-Packard. Future releases will use the X Toolkit
+ Intrinsics. Sources are located in *contrib/Xr11/*.
+
+ * *Andrew Toolkit*
+
+ Developed by IBM and Carnegie-Mellon University for the CMU Andrew System,
+ this package provides a collection of integrated, high-level objects and
+ applications. Sources are located in *contrib/andrew/*.
+
+ * *InterViews*
+
+ Developed at Stanford University, this package
+ provides tools for building user interface objects in the C++ programming
+ language. Source are located in *contrib/InterViews/*.
+
+The X Toolkit has changed substantially since the last release (note
+that it is now called “Xt” instead of “Xtk”). Although additional
+functionality will probably be added in future releases, the interfaces
+documented in the *X Toolkit Intrinsics - C Language X Interface* are
+expected to remain fairly stable.
+
+For wider portability, applications should include the new header file
+*<X11/Xos.h>* instead of *<strings.h>*,
+*<string.h>*, *<time.h>*, *<sys/time.h>*, *<fcntl.h>*,
+or *<sys/file.h>*.
+
+To make transition from X10 to X11 easier, a protocol converter that
+allows binary X10 programs to be run on X11 displays has been provided.
+In addition, this release uses “X11” instead of “X” wherever there is
+a conflict with X10 files of the same name (e.g.
+*/usr/include/X11/*, */usr/lib/X11/*, */usr/bin/X11/*,
+and *-lX11*). All programs should now #include X header files using
+“<X11/*file*>”.
+
+This release should build and install without modification on machines running
+the following operating systems: 4.3bsd, Ultrix 2.0, SunOS 3.4, HP-UX 6.01,
+and Apollo Domain/IX 9.7.
+
+## What's New in this Release
+
+This release differs from the previous one in the following areas:
+
+### X now has an official name
+
+The X Consortium has designated the following as the official names of the
+X Window System:
+
+ * X
+ * X Window System
+ * X Version 11
+ * X Window System, Version 11
+ * X11
+
+Note that the phrases X.11, X-11, X Windows or any permutation thereof, are
+explicitly excluded from this list and should not be used to describe the
+X Window System (window system should be thought of as one word). In addition,
+*X Window System* is a trademark of MIT and should be acknowledged
+as such whenever it is used.
+
+### many, many bugs fixed
+
+A large number of bugs have been fixed in the server, the libraries,
+and the clients. Many parts of the sample server that were broken in
+in the previous release have been
+fixed, and client workarounds for old bugs have been removed; old servers
+may not work properly with new clients.
+Many of the byte order problems have
+been fixed; this release should work equally well on both big endian and
+little endian architectures.
+
+### new servers
+
+Native ddx source code has been contributed for the following servers:
+Apollo's monochrome and color displays; Digital's QDSS display;
+Hewlett-Packard's 9000/series 300 machines
+(310, 320, 330, and 350) with the 98547A, 98545A, and 98544A displays; and
+IBM's EGA, Megapel, 8514, and VGA displays. All of these server
+implementations use special display hardware to gain good performance.
+
+### compressed fonts
+
+Many servers now do automatic uncompression of fonts that are stored in
+*compress(1)* format. This can save a substantial amount of disk space
+for seldomly used fonts.
+
+### Xrm merged into Xlib
+
+The Resource Manager has been merged into Xlib and is now used by the
+*XGetDefault* routine and the X Toolkit. This means that
+defaults stored in the server using the *xrdb(1)* program are now honored
+by all programs. There is also a new environment variable called
+XENVIRONMENT, that specifies the name of an additional resource file to
+be merged in on top of the server defaults and any application defaults.
+The format for specifying resources has changed slightly to allow wildcarding
+within resource hierarchies (i.e. “program*name: value”). See the Xlib
+documentation on using the Resource Manager for more details.
+
+### X Toolkit Specification and implementation
+
+The X Toolkit Specification and a sample implementation are included in this
+release. The X Toolkit provides a collection of resource, event, and
+object managers upon which user interface objects called *widgets* are
+built. This specification is currently under review by the X Consortium
+for possible inclusion in the X standard. The beginnings of an Athena
+widget set are also provided.
+
+### new -display and -geometry command line arguments
+
+All supported clients have been changed to require a “-display” argument
+in command line specifications of the X server to use. Programs in
+previous releases mistakenly assumed that any command line argument that
+contained a colon (:) was a display name. This caused severe problems for
+sites with distributed file systems and for the new “-xrm” command line
+option in all X Toolkit clients. Similarly, the old “=geom” is being
+replaced by “-geometry geom”. <b>All programs should accept
+-display and -geometry.</b> Unambiguous abbreviations are allowed so long
+as the full name may also be given.
+
+### fewer flushes in Xlib
+
+The Xlib event checking routines
+*XNextEvent*,
+*XPeekEvent*,
+*XIfEvent*,
+*XCheckIfEvent*,
+*XPeekIfEvent*,
+*XWindowEvent*,
+*XCheckWindowEvent*,
+*XMaskEvent*,
+*XCheckMaskEvent*,
+*XCheckTypedEvent*,
+*XCheckTypedWindowEvent*, and
+*XPendingEvent*
+have been changed to only flush the output buffer when they are about to
+block, instead
+of doing a flush on every call. This modification is compatible with the
+previous release and should not require any client code changes. Applications
+that do a lot of event checking will notice an increase in performance.
+
+### new send_event flag in Xlib XEvents
+
+Events originating from another client using the *XSendEvent* routine
+no longer have the eighth bit of the event type set. Instead, a new
+“send_event” flag has been added to the various event structures. Because
+of this, <b>all clients should be recompiled before being linked with the new
+library.</b>
+
+### padding added to Xlib XEvents
+
+To provide room in the event structures for extensions, a small amount of
+padding has been added to all events. Although no client
+code changes are necessary, <b>all programs should be recompiled before being
+linked with the new library.</b>
+
+### serial number tracking in Xlib
+
+Support for tracking serial numbers of requests has been added. The
+protocol provides this information, but the previous release of the library
+discarded it. Two new macros *NextRequest* and
+*LastKnownRequestProcessed* (and corresponding routines) have been added
+to return the serial number of the next request and the serial number of
+the last request known to have been executed by the server.
+
+### new XEventsQueued routine in Xlib
+
+A new routine, *XEventsQueued*, has been added to bring together the
+functionality of *XQLength* and *XPending* (i.e. they have been
+rewritten to use the new routine) and to add the ability to
+do a “non-flushing *XPending*.” New clients
+should use *XEventsQueued* instead of the old routines.
+
+### new XCreatePixmapFromBitmapData routine in Xlib
+
+A new routine, *XCreatePixmapFromBitmapData*, has been added to create
+pixmaps of arbitrary depths given *bitmap(1)* format data. This should be
+used to create tiles (for backgrounds and borders) rather than
+*XCreateBitmapFromData* (which creates masks for defining clipping
+regions, cursor shapes, icon shapes, and stipple patterns).
+
+## misdeclared types fixed in Xlib
+
+A number of width, height, and byte count arguments that should have been
+declared unsigned, but were not, have been fixed.
+
+### new XUnionRectWithRegion to Xlib
+
+A new routine, *XUnionRectWithRegion*, has been added to merge a rectangle
+with a region. This is useful for implementing exposure compression.
+
+### XPutImage, XPutPixel and XGetPixel fixed in Xlib
+
+The Xlib routines *XPutImage*, *XPutPixel* and *XGetPixel*
+have had many bugs fixed.
+
+### new X10 to X11 protocol translator
+
+A client that masquerades as an X10 server but which uses X11 for input
+and output is now available. It allows
+X10 programs to run, unmodified, on X11 displays and should make changing
+over from X10 to X11 much easier.
+
+### reimplementations of old clients
+
+The *xrdb* and *xmodmap* clients have been rewritten to provide
+a substantial number of new features. The new *xrdb* can use the
+C preprocessor to selectively load resources, merge in new
+resources, and edit current defaults into resource files. The new
+*xmodmap* reads description files that allow you to remap keys on the
+keyboard as well as redefine modifier keys. Both programs support the syntax
+of the versions in the previous release (except for the new -display
+requirements).
+
+### new clients
+
+Two new programs, *xlogo* and *xbiff*, have been added to the
+supported distribution. These programs use the Logo and Mailbox widgets
+from the Athena widget set: *xlogo* displays the X Window System logo, and
+*xbiff* provides a little mailbox that pops up when you have mail.
+
+### old X Toolkit removed
+
+All of the clients that used the old versions of the X Toolkit now use the
+version available in this release. Therefore, libXtk and liboldXtk have been
+dropped from this release.
+
+### new InterViews toolkit
+
+Source code and documentation for a
+new version of the InterViews toolkit from Stanford University are available
+in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### Andrew Toolkit
+
+Source code and documentation for the Andrew Toolkit, developed by IBM and
+Carnegie-Mellon University are available in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### Xrlib
+
+Source code and documentation for an X11 version of the Hewlett-Packard
+Xrlib toolkit are available in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### CLUE
+
+The Common Lisp User Interface Environment draft specification is available
+in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### Cray patches
+
+A collection of patches to make the version of Xlib distributed in the previous
+release work on a CRAY-XMP or CRAY-2 under UNICOS is available in the
+user-contributed distribution. Support for these platforms will be integrated
+in the next release.
+
+### MetaFont GF to X BDF converter
+
+A filter for generating X BDF font files from MetaFont GF descriptions is
+available in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### new gnuplot
+
+A new version of the gnuplot package is available in the user-contributed
+distribution.
+
+### Kanji xterm
+
+A version of *xterm* that supports kanji is available in the
+user-contributed distribution. A public domain Kanji font has also been
+added to *fonts/bdf/*.
+
+### XMenu no longer supported
+
+The XMenu package is obsolete and will no longer be supported. It has been
+moved to the user-contributed distribution and will be dropped from future
+releases.
+
+### Portable Bitmap Toolkit
+
+A “Portable Bitmap Toolkit” for converting bitmaps to and from various
+formats is available in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### TeXX
+
+A dvi file previewer for examining *TeX* output is available in the
+user-contributed distribution.
+
+### xcalendar
+
+A sample X Toolkit application for maintaining a desktop calendar is available
+in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### xman
+
+A rewrite of the X10 *xman* program to the X Toolkit is available in the
+user-contributed distribution.
+
+### xmore
+
+A rewrite of the X10 *xmore* program to the X Toolkit is available in the
+user-contributed distribution.
+
+### xperfmon
+
+A system parameter monitor for operating systems derived from 4.2bsd is
+available in the user-contributed distribution.
+
+### xshell
+
+A port of the X10 *xshell* program is available in the user-contributed
+distribution.
+
+
+<div style="font-size: small; border-top: 1px solid black;">
+<p>
+Copyright &copy; <span itemprop="copyrightYear">1988</span> by the
+<span itemprop="copyrightHolder"
+ itemscope itemtype="http://www.schema.org/Organization">
+<span itemprop="name">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</span>
+</span>.
+</p><p>
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
+software and its documentation for any purpose and without
+fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
+notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright
+notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
+documentation, and that the name of M.I.T. not be used in
+advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the
+software without specific, written prior permission.
+M.I.T. makes no representations about the suitability of
+this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is"
+without express or implied warranty.
+</p>
+<p>
+Ultrix and Ultrix-32 are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation;
+SunOS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.; HP-UX is a trademark of
+Hewlett-Packard, Domain is a trademark of Apollo Computer, PostScript is a
+trademark of Adobe Systems Inc., and Unix is a trademark of AT&T Bell
+Laboratories.
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>