path: root/org/freedesktop/dbus/DBusConnection.java

/*
   D-Bus Java Implementation
   Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Matthew Johnson

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   under the terms of either the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2 or the
   Academic Free Licence Version 2.1.

   Full licence texts are included in the COPYING file with this program.
*/
package org.freedesktop.dbus;

import static org.freedesktop.dbus.Gettext._;

import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.Vector;

import org.freedesktop.DBus;
import org.freedesktop.dbus.exceptions.DBusException;
import org.freedesktop.dbus.exceptions.DBusExecutionException;
import org.freedesktop.dbus.exceptions.NotConnected;

import cx.ath.matthew.debug.Debug;

/** Handles a connection to DBus.
 * <p>
 * This is a Singleton class, only 1 connection to the SYSTEM or SESSION busses can be made.
 * Repeated calls to getConnection will return the same reference.
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * Signal Handlers and method calls from remote objects are run in their own threads, you MUST handle the concurrency issues.
 * </p>
 */
public class DBusConnection extends AbstractConnection
{
	/**
	 * Add addresses of peers to a set which will watch for them to
	 * disappear and automatically remove them from the set.
	 */
	public class PeerSet implements Set<String>, DBusSigHandler<DBus.NameOwnerChanged>
	{
		private Set<String> addresses;
		public PeerSet()
		{
			addresses = new TreeSet<String>();
			try { 
				addSigHandler(new DBusMatchRule(DBus.NameOwnerChanged.class, null, null), this);
			} catch (DBusException DBe) {
				if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, DBe);
			}
		}
		public void handle(DBus.NameOwnerChanged noc)
		{
			if (Debug.debug)
				Debug.print(Debug.DEBUG, "Received NameOwnerChanged("+noc.name+","+noc.old_owner+","+noc.new_owner+")");
			if ("".equals(noc.new_owner) && addresses.contains(noc.name)) 
				remove(noc.name);
		}
		public boolean add(String address)
		{
			if (Debug.debug)
				Debug.print(Debug.DEBUG, "Adding "+address);
			synchronized (addresses) {
				return addresses.add(address);
			}
		}
		public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends String> addresses)
		{
			synchronized (this.addresses) {
				return this.addresses.addAll(addresses);
			}
		}
		public void clear()
		{
			synchronized (addresses) {
				addresses.clear();
			}
		}
		public boolean contains(Object o)
		{
			return addresses.contains(o);
		}
		public boolean containsAll(Collection<?> os)
		{
			return addresses.containsAll(os);
		}
		public boolean equals(Object o)
		{
			if (o instanceof PeerSet)
				return ((PeerSet) o).addresses.equals(addresses);
			else return false;
		}
		public int hashCode()
		{
			return addresses.hashCode();
		}
		public boolean isEmpty()
		{
			return addresses.isEmpty();
		}
		public Iterator<String> iterator()
		{
			return addresses.iterator();
		}
		public boolean remove(Object o)
		{
			if (Debug.debug)
				Debug.print(Debug.DEBUG, "Removing "+o);
			synchronized(addresses) {
				return addresses.remove(o);
			}
		}
		public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> os)
		{
			synchronized(addresses) {
				return addresses.removeAll(os);
			}
		}
		public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> os)
		{
			synchronized(addresses) {
				return addresses.retainAll(os);
			}
		}
		public int size()
		{
			return addresses.size();
		}
		public Object[] toArray()
		{
			synchronized(addresses) {
				return addresses.toArray();
			}
		}
		public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a)
		{
			synchronized(addresses) {
				return addresses.toArray(a);
			}
		}
	}
   private class _sighandler implements DBusSigHandler<DBusSignal>
   {
      public void handle(DBusSignal s)
      {
         if (s instanceof org.freedesktop.DBus.Local.Disconnected) {
            if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.WARN, "Handling Disconnected signal from bus");
            try {
               Error err = new Error(
                     "org.freedesktop.DBus.Local" , "org.freedesktop.DBus.Local.Disconnected", 0, "s", new Object[] { _("Disconnected") });
               if (null != pendingCalls) synchronized (pendingCalls) {
                  long[] set = pendingCalls.getKeys();
                  for (long l: set) if (-1 != l) {
                     MethodCall m = pendingCalls.remove(l);
                     if (null != m)
                        m.setReply(err);
                  }
               }
               synchronized (pendingErrors) {
                  pendingErrors.add(err);
               }
            } catch (DBusException DBe) {}
         } else if (s instanceof org.freedesktop.DBus.NameAcquired) {
            busnames.add(((org.freedesktop.DBus.NameAcquired) s).name);
         }
      }
   }

   /**
    * System Bus
    */
   public static final int SYSTEM = 0;
   /**
    * Session Bus
    */
   public static final int SESSION = 1;

   public static final String DEFAULT_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS = "unix:path=/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket";

   private List<String> busnames;

   private static final Map<Object,DBusConnection> conn = new HashMap<Object,DBusConnection>();
   private int _refcount = 0;
   private Object _reflock = new Object();
   private DBus _dbus;

   /**
    * Connect to the BUS. If a connection already exists to the specified Bus, a reference to it is returned.
    * @param address The address of the bus to connect to
    * @throws DBusException  If there is a problem connecting to the Bus.
    */
   public static DBusConnection getConnection(String address) throws DBusException
   {
      synchronized (conn) {
         DBusConnection c = conn.get(address);
         if (null != c) {
            synchronized (c._reflock) { c._refcount++; }
            return c;
         }
         else {
            c = new DBusConnection(address);
            conn.put(address, c);
            return c;
         }
      }
   }
   /**
    * Connect to the BUS. If a connection already exists to the specified Bus, a reference to it is returned.
    * @param bustype The Bus to connect to.
    * @see #SYSTEM
    * @see #SESSION
    * @throws DBusException  If there is a problem connecting to the Bus.
    */
   public static DBusConnection getConnection(int bustype) throws DBusException
   {
      synchronized (conn) {
         String s = null;
         switch (bustype) {
            case SYSTEM:
               s = System.getenv("DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS");
               if (null == s) s = DEFAULT_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS;
               break;
            case SESSION:
               s = System.getenv("DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS");
               if (null == s) throw new DBusException(_("Cannot Resolve Session Bus Address"));
               break;
            default:
               throw new DBusException(_("Invalid Bus Type: ")+bustype);
         }
         DBusConnection c = conn.get(s);
         if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.VERBOSE, "Getting bus connection for "+s+": "+c);
         if (null != c) {
            synchronized (c._reflock) { c._refcount++; }
            return c;
         }
         else {
            if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.DEBUG, "Creating new bus connection to: "+s);
            c = new DBusConnection(s);
            conn.put(s, c);
            return c;
         }
      }
   }
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   private DBusConnection(String address) throws DBusException
   {
      super(address);
      busnames = new Vector<String>();

      synchronized (_reflock) {
         _refcount = 1; 
      }
   
      try {
         transport = new Transport(addr, AbstractConnection.TIMEOUT);
			connected = true;
      } catch (IOException IOe) {
         if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, IOe);            
         disconnect();
         throw new DBusException(_("Failed to connect to bus ")+IOe.getMessage());
      } catch (ParseException Pe) {
         if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, Pe);            
         disconnect();
         throw new DBusException(_("Failed to connect to bus ")+Pe.getMessage());
      }

      // start listening for calls
      listen();

      // register disconnect handlers
      DBusSigHandler h = new _sighandler();
      addSigHandlerWithoutMatch(org.freedesktop.DBus.Local.Disconnected.class, h);
      addSigHandlerWithoutMatch(org.freedesktop.DBus.NameAcquired.class, h);

      // register ourselves
      _dbus = getRemoteObject("org.freedesktop.DBus", "/org/freedesktop/DBus", DBus.class);
      try {
         busnames.add(_dbus.Hello());
      } catch (DBusExecutionException DBEe) {
         if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, DBEe);
         throw new DBusException(DBEe.getMessage());
      }
   }

   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   DBusInterface dynamicProxy(String source, String path) throws DBusException
   {
		if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.INFO, "Introspecting "+path+" on "+source+" for dynamic proxy creation");
      try {
         DBus.Introspectable intro = getRemoteObject(source, path, DBus.Introspectable.class);
         String data = intro.Introspect();
			if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.VERBOSE, "Got introspection data: "+data);
         String[] tags = data.split("[<>]");
         Vector<String> ifaces = new Vector<String>();
         for (String tag: tags) {
            if (tag.startsWith("interface")) {
               ifaces.add(tag.replaceAll("^interface *name *= *['\"]([^'\"]*)['\"].*$", "$1"));
            }
         }
         Vector<Class<? extends Object>> ifcs = new Vector<Class<? extends Object>>();
         for(String iface: ifaces) {
				if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.DEBUG, "Trying interface "+iface);
            int j = 0;
            while (j >= 0) {
               try {
                  Class ifclass = Class.forName(iface);
                  if (!ifcs.contains(ifclass))
                     ifcs.add(ifclass);
                  break;
               } catch (Exception e) {}
               j = iface.lastIndexOf(".");
               char[] cs = iface.toCharArray();
               if (j >= 0) {
                  cs[j] = '$';
                  iface = String.valueOf(cs);
               }
            }
         }

         if (ifcs.size() == 0) throw new DBusException(_("Could not find an interface to cast to"));

         RemoteObject ro = new RemoteObject(source, path, null, false);
         DBusInterface newi = (DBusInterface) 
            Proxy.newProxyInstance(ifcs.get(0).getClassLoader(), 
                                   ifcs.toArray(new Class[0]), 
                                   new RemoteInvocationHandler(this, ro));
         importedObjects.put(newi, ro);
         return newi;
      } catch (Exception e) {
         if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, e);
         throw new DBusException(MessageFormat.format(_("Failed to create proxy object for {0} exported by {1}. Reason: {2}"), new Object[] { path, source, e.getMessage() }));
      }
   }
   
   DBusInterface getExportedObject(String source, String path) throws DBusException
   {
      ExportedObject o = null;
      synchronized (exportedObjects) {
         o = exportedObjects.get(path);
      }
      if (null != o && null == o.object.get()) {
         unExportObject(path);
         o = null;
      }
      if (null != o) return o.object.get();
      if (null == source) throw new DBusException(_("Not an object exported by this connection and no remote specified"));
      return dynamicProxy(source, path);
   }

   /** 
    * Release a bus name.
	 * Releases the name so that other people can use it
    * @param busname The name to release. MUST be in dot-notation like "org.freedesktop.local"
    * @throws DBusException If the busname is incorrectly formatted.
    */
   public void releaseBusName(String busname) throws DBusException
   {
      if (!busname.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX)||busname.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name"));
      synchronized (this.busnames) {
         UInt32 rv;
         try { 
            rv = _dbus.ReleaseName(busname);
         } catch (DBusExecutionException DBEe) {
            if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, DBEe);
            throw new DBusException(DBEe.getMessage());
         }
         this.busnames.remove(busname);
      }
   }
   /** 
    * Request a bus name.
    * Request the well known name that this should respond to on the Bus.
    * @param busname The name to respond to. MUST be in dot-notation like "org.freedesktop.local"
    * @throws DBusException If the register name failed, or our name already exists on the bus.
    *  or if busname is incorrectly formatted.
    */
   public void requestBusName(String busname) throws DBusException
   {
      if (!busname.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX)||busname.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name"));
      synchronized (this.busnames) {
         UInt32 rv;
         try { 
            rv = _dbus.RequestName(busname, 
                  new UInt32(DBus.DBUS_NAME_FLAG_REPLACE_EXISTING |
                     DBus.DBUS_NAME_FLAG_DO_NOT_QUEUE));
         } catch (DBusExecutionException DBEe) {
            if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, DBEe);
            throw new DBusException(DBEe.getMessage());
         }
         switch (rv.intValue()) {
            case DBus.DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER: break;
            case DBus.DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_IN_QUEUE: throw new DBusException(_("Failed to register bus name"));
            case DBus.DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_EXISTS: throw new DBusException(_("Failed to register bus name"));
            case DBus.DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_ALREADY_OWNER: break;
            default: break;
         }
         this.busnames.add(busname);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Returns the unique name of this connection.
    */
   public String getUniqueName()
   {
      return busnames.get(0);
   }
   /**
    * Returns all the names owned by this connection.
    */
   public String[] getNames()
   {
      Set<String> names = new TreeSet<String>();
      names.addAll(busnames);
      return names.toArray(new String[0]);
   }
   public <I extends DBusInterface> I getPeerRemoteObject(String busname, String objectpath, Class<I> type) throws DBusException
   {
      return getPeerRemoteObject(busname, objectpath, type, true);
   }
   /** 
       * Return a reference to a remote object. 
       * This method will resolve the well known name (if given) to a unique bus name when you call it.
       * This means that if a well known name is released by one process and acquired by another calls to
       * objects gained from this method will continue to operate on the original process.
       * 
       * This method will use bus introspection to determine the interfaces on a remote object and so
       * <b>may block</b> and <b>may fail</b>. The resulting proxy object will, however, be castable
       * to any interface it implements. It will also autostart the process if applicable. Also note
       * that the resulting proxy may fail to execute the correct method with overloaded methods
       * and that complex types may fail in interesting ways. Basically, if something odd happens, 
       * try specifying the interface explicitly.
       * 
       * @param busname The bus name to connect to. Usually a well known bus name in dot-notation (such as "org.freedesktop.local")
       * or may be a DBus address such as ":1-16".
       * @param objectpath The path on which the process is exporting the object.$
       * @return A reference to a remote object.
       * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusInterface
       * @throws DBusException If busname or objectpath are incorrectly formatted.
   */
   public DBusInterface getPeerRemoteObject(String busname, String objectpath) throws DBusException
   {
      if (null == busname) throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: null"));
      
      if ((!busname.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX) && !busname.matches(CONNID_REGEX))
            || busname.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+busname);
      
      String unique = _dbus.GetNameOwner(busname);

      return dynamicProxy(unique, objectpath);
   }

   /** 
       * Return a reference to a remote object. 
       * This method will always refer to the well known name (if given) rather than resolving it to a unique bus name.
       * In particular this means that if a process providing the well known name disappears and is taken over by another process
       * proxy objects gained by this method will make calls on the new proccess.
       * 
       * This method will use bus introspection to determine the interfaces on a remote object and so
       * <b>may block</b> and <b>may fail</b>. The resulting proxy object will, however, be castable
       * to any interface it implements. It will also autostart the process if applicable. Also note
       * that the resulting proxy may fail to execute the correct method with overloaded methods
       * and that complex types may fail in interesting ways. Basically, if something odd happens, 
       * try specifying the interface explicitly.
       * 
       * @param busname The bus name to connect to. Usually a well known bus name name in dot-notation (such as "org.freedesktop.local")
       * or may be a DBus address such as ":1-16".
       * @param objectpath The path on which the process is exporting the object.
       * @return A reference to a remote object.
       * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusInterface
       * @throws DBusException If busname or objectpath are incorrectly formatted.
    */
   public DBusInterface getRemoteObject(String busname, String objectpath) throws DBusException
   {
      if (null == busname) throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: null"));
      if (null == objectpath) throw new DBusException(_("Invalid object path: null"));
      
      if ((!busname.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX) && !busname.matches(CONNID_REGEX))
         || busname.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+busname);
      
      if (!objectpath.matches(OBJECT_REGEX) || objectpath.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid object path: ")+objectpath);
      
      return dynamicProxy(busname, objectpath);
   }

   /** 
       * Return a reference to a remote object. 
       * This method will resolve the well known name (if given) to a unique bus name when you call it.
       * This means that if a well known name is released by one process and acquired by another calls to
       * objects gained from this method will continue to operate on the original process.
       * @param busname The bus name to connect to. Usually a well known bus name in dot-notation (such as "org.freedesktop.local")
       * or may be a DBus address such as ":1-16".
       * @param objectpath The path on which the process is exporting the object.$
       * @param type The interface they are exporting it on. This type must have the same full class name and exposed method signatures
       * as the interface the remote object is exporting.
       * @param autostart Disable/Enable auto-starting of services in response to calls on this object. 
       * Default is enabled; when calling a method with auto-start enabled, if the destination is a well-known name
       * and is not owned the bus will attempt to start a process to take the name. When disabled an error is
       * returned immediately.
       * @return A reference to a remote object.
       * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusInterface
       * @throws DBusException If busname or objectpath are incorrectly formatted or type is not in a package.
    */
   public <I extends DBusInterface> I getPeerRemoteObject(String busname, String objectpath, Class<I> type, boolean autostart) throws DBusException
   {
      if (null == busname) throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: null"));
      
      if ((!busname.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX) && !busname.matches(CONNID_REGEX))
            || busname.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+busname);
      
      String unique = _dbus.GetNameOwner(busname);

      return getRemoteObject(unique, objectpath, type, autostart);
   }
   /** 
       * Return a reference to a remote object. 
       * This method will always refer to the well known name (if given) rather than resolving it to a unique bus name.
       * In particular this means that if a process providing the well known name disappears and is taken over by another process
       * proxy objects gained by this method will make calls on the new proccess.
       * @param busname The bus name to connect to. Usually a well known bus name name in dot-notation (such as "org.freedesktop.local")
       * or may be a DBus address such as ":1-16".
       * @param objectpath The path on which the process is exporting the object.
       * @param type The interface they are exporting it on. This type must have the same full class name and exposed method signatures
       * as the interface the remote object is exporting.
       * @return A reference to a remote object.
       * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusInterface
       * @throws DBusException If busname or objectpath are incorrectly formatted or type is not in a package.
    */
   public <I extends DBusInterface> I getRemoteObject(String busname, String objectpath, Class<I> type) throws DBusException
   {
      return getRemoteObject(busname, objectpath, type, true);
   }
   /** 
       * Return a reference to a remote object. 
       * This method will always refer to the well known name (if given) rather than resolving it to a unique bus name.
       * In particular this means that if a process providing the well known name disappears and is taken over by another process
       * proxy objects gained by this method will make calls on the new proccess.
       * @param busname The bus name to connect to. Usually a well known bus name name in dot-notation (such as "org.freedesktop.local")
       * or may be a DBus address such as ":1-16".
       * @param objectpath The path on which the process is exporting the object.
       * @param type The interface they are exporting it on. This type must have the same full class name and exposed method signatures
       * as the interface the remote object is exporting.
       * @param autostart Disable/Enable auto-starting of services in response to calls on this object. 
       * Default is enabled; when calling a method with auto-start enabled, if the destination is a well-known name
       * and is not owned the bus will attempt to start a process to take the name. When disabled an error is
       * returned immediately.
       * @return A reference to a remote object.
       * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusInterface
       * @throws DBusException If busname or objectpath are incorrectly formatted or type is not in a package.
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public <I extends DBusInterface> I getRemoteObject(String busname, String objectpath, Class<I> type, boolean autostart) throws DBusException
   {
      if (null == busname) throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: null"));
      if (null == objectpath) throw new DBusException(_("Invalid object path: null"));
      if (null == type) throw new ClassCastException(_("Not A DBus Interface"));
      
      if ((!busname.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX) && !busname.matches(CONNID_REGEX))
         || busname.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+busname);
      
      if (!objectpath.matches(OBJECT_REGEX) || objectpath.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid object path: ")+objectpath);
      
      if (!DBusInterface.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) throw new ClassCastException(_("Not A DBus Interface"));

      // don't let people import things which don't have a
      // valid D-Bus interface name
      if (type.getName().equals(type.getSimpleName()))
         throw new DBusException(_("DBusInterfaces cannot be declared outside a package"));
      
      RemoteObject ro = new RemoteObject(busname, objectpath, type, autostart);
      I i =  (I) Proxy.newProxyInstance(type.getClassLoader(), 
            new Class[] { type }, new RemoteInvocationHandler(this, ro));
      importedObjects.put(i, ro);
      return i;
   }
   /** 
    * Remove a Signal Handler.
    * Stops listening for this signal.
    * @param type The signal to watch for. 
    * @param source The source of the signal.
    * @throws DBusException If listening for the signal on the bus failed.
    * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusSignal.
    */
   public <T extends DBusSignal> void removeSigHandler(Class<T> type, String source, DBusSigHandler<T> handler) throws DBusException
   {
      if (!DBusSignal.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) throw new ClassCastException(_("Not A DBus Signal"));
      if (source.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX)) throw new DBusException(_("Cannot watch for signals based on well known bus name as source, only unique names."));
      if (!source.matches(CONNID_REGEX)||source.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+source);
      removeSigHandler(new DBusMatchRule(type, source, null), handler);
   }
   /** 
    * Remove a Signal Handler.
    * Stops listening for this signal.
    * @param type The signal to watch for. 
    * @param source The source of the signal.
    * @param object The object emitting the signal.
    * @throws DBusException If listening for the signal on the bus failed.
    * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusSignal.
    */
   public <T extends DBusSignal> void removeSigHandler(Class<T> type, String source, DBusInterface object,  DBusSigHandler<T> handler) throws DBusException
   {
      if (!DBusSignal.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) throw new ClassCastException(_("Not A DBus Signal"));
      if (source.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX)) throw new DBusException(_("Cannot watch for signals based on well known bus name as source, only unique names."));
      if (!source.matches(CONNID_REGEX)||source.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+source);
      String objectpath = importedObjects.get(object).objectpath;
      if (!objectpath.matches(OBJECT_REGEX)||objectpath.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid object path: ")+objectpath);
      removeSigHandler(new DBusMatchRule(type, source, objectpath), handler);
   }
   protected <T extends DBusSignal> void removeSigHandler(DBusMatchRule rule, DBusSigHandler<T> handler) throws DBusException
   {
      
      SignalTuple key = new SignalTuple(rule.getInterface(), rule.getMember(), rule.getObject(), rule.getSource());
      synchronized (handledSignals) {
         Vector<DBusSigHandler<? extends DBusSignal>> v = handledSignals.get(key);
         if (null != v) {
            v.remove(handler);
            if (0 == v.size()) {
               handledSignals.remove(key);
               try {
                  _dbus.RemoveMatch(rule.toString());
               } catch (NotConnected NC) {
                  if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, NC);
               } catch (DBusExecutionException DBEe) {
                  if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, DBEe);
						throw new DBusException(DBEe.getMessage());
               }
            }
         } 
      }
   }
   /** 
    * Add a Signal Handler.
    * Adds a signal handler to call when a signal is received which matches the specified type, name and source.
    * @param type The signal to watch for. 
    * @param source The process which will send the signal. This <b>MUST</b> be a unique bus name and not a well known name.
    * @param handler The handler to call when a signal is received.
    * @throws DBusException If listening for the signal on the bus failed.
    * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusSignal.
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public <T extends DBusSignal> void addSigHandler(Class<T> type, String source, DBusSigHandler<T> handler) throws DBusException
   {
      if (!DBusSignal.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) throw new ClassCastException(_("Not A DBus Signal"));
      if (source.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX)) throw new DBusException(_("Cannot watch for signals based on well known bus name as source, only unique names."));
      if (!source.matches(CONNID_REGEX)||source.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) 
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+source);
      addSigHandler(new DBusMatchRule(type, source, null), (DBusSigHandler<? extends DBusSignal>) handler);
   }
   /** 
    * Add a Signal Handler.
    * Adds a signal handler to call when a signal is received which matches the specified type, name, source and object.
    * @param type The signal to watch for. 
    * @param source The process which will send the signal. This <b>MUST</b> be a unique bus name and not a well known name.
    * @param object The object from which the signal will be emitted
    * @param handler The handler to call when a signal is received.
    * @throws DBusException If listening for the signal on the bus failed.
    * @throws ClassCastException If type is not a sub-type of DBusSignal.
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public <T extends DBusSignal> void addSigHandler(Class<T> type, String source, DBusInterface object,  DBusSigHandler<T> handler) throws DBusException
   {
      if (!DBusSignal.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) throw new ClassCastException(_("Not A DBus Signal"));
      if (source.matches(BUSNAME_REGEX)) throw new DBusException(_("Cannot watch for signals based on well known bus name as source, only unique names."));
      if (!source.matches(CONNID_REGEX)||source.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid bus name: ")+source);
      String objectpath = importedObjects.get(object).objectpath;
      if (!objectpath.matches(OBJECT_REGEX)||objectpath.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
         throw new DBusException(_("Invalid object path: ")+objectpath);
      addSigHandler(new DBusMatchRule(type, source, objectpath), (DBusSigHandler<? extends DBusSignal>) handler);
   }
   protected <T extends DBusSignal> void addSigHandler(DBusMatchRule rule, DBusSigHandler<T> handler) throws DBusException
   {
      try {
         _dbus.AddMatch(rule.toString());
      } catch (DBusExecutionException DBEe) {
         if (EXCEPTION_DEBUG && Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.ERR, DBEe);
         throw new DBusException(DBEe.getMessage());
      }
      SignalTuple key = new SignalTuple(rule.getInterface(), rule.getMember(), rule.getObject(), rule.getSource());
      synchronized (handledSignals) {
         Vector<DBusSigHandler<? extends DBusSignal>> v = handledSignals.get(key);
         if (null == v) {
            v = new Vector<DBusSigHandler<? extends DBusSignal>>();
            v.add(handler);
            handledSignals.put(key, v);
         } else
            v.add(handler);
      }
   }
   /** 
    * Disconnect from the Bus.
    * This only disconnects when the last reference to the bus has disconnect called on it
    * or has been destroyed.
    */
   public void disconnect()
   {
      synchronized (conn) {
         synchronized (_reflock) {
            if (0 == --_refcount) {
               if (Debug.debug) Debug.print(Debug.INFO, "Disconnecting DBusConnection");
               // Set all pending messages to have an error.
               try {
                  Error err = new Error(
                        "org.freedesktop.DBus.Local" , "org.freedesktop.DBus.Local.Disconnected", 0, "s", new Object[] { _("Disconnected") });
                  synchronized (pendingCalls) {
                     long[] set = pendingCalls.getKeys();
                     for (long l: set) if (-1 != l) {
                        MethodCall m = pendingCalls.remove(l);
                        if (null != m)
                           m.setReply(err);
                     }
                     pendingCalls = null; 
                  }
                  synchronized (pendingErrors) {
                     pendingErrors.add(err);
                  }
               } catch (DBusException DBe) {}

               conn.remove(addr);
               super.disconnect();
            }
         }
      }
   }
}