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path: root/drivers/mtd/ubi/Kconfig
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2019-05-21treewide: Add SPDX license identifier - Makefile/KconfigThomas Gleixner1-0/+1
Add SPDX license identifiers to all Make/Kconfig files which: - Have no license information of any form These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX license identifier is: GPL-2.0-only Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-03-24UBI: Fix typosAndrew F. Davis1-1/+1
Signed-off-by: Andrew F. Davis <afd@ti.com> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2014-03-04UBI: block: Add CONFIG_BLOCK dependencyEzequiel Garcia1-0/+1
The UBI block driver depends on the block infrastructure. Add the proper dependency and fix a build error when CONFIG_BLOCK is not selected. Reported-by: kbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Ezequiel Garcia <ezequiel.garcia@free-electrons.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2014-02-28UBI: R/O block driver on top of UBI volumesEzequiel Garcia1-0/+15
This commit introduces read-only block device emulation on top of UBI volumes. Given UBI takes care of wear leveling and bad block management it's possible to add a thin layer to enable block device access to UBI volumes. This allows to use a block-oriented filesystem on a flash device. The UBI block devices are meant to be used in conjunction with any regular, block-oriented file system (e.g. ext4), although it's primarily targeted at read-only file systems, such as squashfs. Block devices are created upon user request through new ioctls: UBI_IOCVOLATTBLK to attach and UBI_IOCVOLDETBLK to detach. Also, a new UBI module parameter is added 'ubi.block'. This parameter is needed in order to attach a block device on boot-up time, allowing to mount the rootfs on a ubiblock device. For instance, you could have these kernel parameters: ubi.mtd=5 ubi.block=0,0 root=/dev/ubiblock0_0 Or, if you compile ubi as a module: $ modprobe ubi mtd=/dev/mtd5 block=/dev/ubi0_0 Artem: amend commentaries and massage the patch a little bit. Signed-off-by: Ezequiel Garcia <ezequiel.garcia@free-electrons.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-10-03UBI: Wire-up fastmapRichard Weinberger1-0/+21
Make fastmap known to Kconfig, UBI Makefile and MAINTAINERS. Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-09-04UBI: add max_beb_per1024 to attach ioctlRichard Genoud1-1/+2
This patch provides a possibility to set the "maximum expected number of bad blocks per 1024 blocks" (max_beb_per1024) for each mtd device using the UBI_IOCATT ioctl. Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-09-04UBI: allow specifying bad PEBs limit using module parameterRichard Genoud1-0/+2
This patch provides the possibility to adjust the "maximum expected number of bad blocks per 1024 blocks" (max_beb_per1024) for each mtd device. The majority of NAND devices have their max_beb_per1024 equal to 20, but sometimes it's more. Now, we can adjust that via a kernel parameter: ubi.mtd=<name|num|path>[,<vid_hdr_offs>[,max_beb_per1024]] Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-09-04UBI: use the whole MTD device size to get bad_peb_limitRichard Genoud1-6/+21
On NAND flash devices, UBI reserves some physical erase blocks (PEB) for bad block handling. Today, the number of reserved PEB can only be set as a percentage of the total number of PEB in each MTD partition. For example, for a NAND flash with 128KiB PEB, 2 MTD partition of 20MiB (mtd0) and 100MiB (mtd1) and 2% reserved PEB: - the UBI device on mtd0 will have 2 PEB reserved - the UBI device on mtd1 will have 16 PEB reserved The problem with this behaviour is that NAND flash manufacturers give a minimum number of valid block (NVB) during the endurance life of the device, e.g.: Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit Notes -------------------------------------------------------------- Valid block number NVB 1004 1024 Blocks 1 From this number we can deduce the maximum number of bad PEB that a device will contain during its endurance life: a 128MiB NAND flash (1024 PEB) will not have less than 20 bad blocks during the flash endurance life. But the manufacturer doesn't tell where those bad block will appear. He doesn't say either if they will be equally disposed on the whole device (and I'm pretty sure they won't). So, according to the datasheets, we should reserve the maximum number of bad PEB for each UBI device (worst case scenario: 20 bad blocks appears on the smallest MTD partition). So this patch make UBI use the whole MTD device size to calculate the maximum bad expected eraseblocks. The Kconfig option is in per1024 blocks, thus it can have a default value of 20 which is *very* common for NAND devices. Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-09-04UBI: kill CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_RESERVEShmulik Ladkani1-16/+0
CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_RESERVE and MIN_RESEVED_PEBS are no longer used, since the amount of reserved eraseblocks for bad PEB handling is now derived from 'ubi->bad_peb_limit' (ubi's maximum expected bad eraseblocks). Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-09-04UBI: introduce new bad PEB limitShmulik Ladkani1-7/+19
Introduce 'ubi->bad_peb_limit', which specifies an upper limit of PEBs UBI expects to go bad. Currently, it is initialized to a fixed percentage of total PEBs in the UBI device (configurable via CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_LIMIT). The 'bad_peb_limit' is intended to be used for calculating the amount of PEBs UBI needs to reserve for bad eraseblock handling. Artem: minor amendments. Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2012-07-18UBI: Change the default percentage of reserved PEBRichard Genoud1-1/+1
The actual value (1%) is too low for actual NAND devices, a huge majority of device has 2% maximum bad blocks (SLC or MLC). (Actually it's 20 blocks on a 1024 blocks device, 40/2048...) Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com>
2012-05-20UBI: remove Kconfig debugging optionArtem Bityutskiy1-8/+0
This patch kills the UBI debugging Kconfig option completely and makes all the debugging stuff to be always compiled-in. It was pain in the neck to maintain this useless option because all users I am aware of have debugging enabled anyway - how else will you diagnose errors otherwise? Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
2011-04-05UBI: do not select KALLSYMS_ALLArtem Bityutskiy1-1/+1
All UBI needs is to make sure we stacktraces when UBI debugging is enabled. It is enough to select KALLSYMS for this, KALLSYMS_ALL is not necessary. And the current Kconfig line we have: select KALLSYMS_ALL if KALLSYMS && DEBUG_KERNEL is just too complex to be sane and right. But this "if" part there is needed to prevent "unmet direct dependency" warnings, because KALLSYMS_ALL depends on KALLSYMS and DEBUG_KERNEL, so we cannot just select KALLSYMS_ALL. Anyway, this feels messy, and we do not seem to really need KALLSYMS_ALL, so select KALLSYMS instead. Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
2011-03-16UBI: make tests modes dynamicArtem Bityutskiy1-1/+7
Similarly to the debugging checks and message, make the test modes be dynamically selected via the "debug_tsts" module parameter or via the "/sys/module/ubi/parameters/debug_tsts" sysfs file. This is consistent with UBIFS as well. And now, since all the Kconfig knobs became dynamic, we can remove the Kconfig.debug file completely. Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
2010-10-19UBI: cleanup and simplify KconfigH Hartley Sweeten1-11/+6
Cleanup the Kconfig for UBI by using menuconfig to enable/disable the entire driver. Remove the dependency checks for MTD_UBI and MTD_UBI_DEBUG by wrapping the options in if/endif blocks and remove any redundant checks. Remove all default n since that is the Kconfig default. Change menu "Additional UBI debugging messages" into a comment to remove one menu level. Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
2010-05-07UBI: fix s/then/than/ typosShinya Kuribayashi1-1/+1
Signed-off-by: Shinya Kuribayashi <shinya.kuribayashi.px@renesas.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
2009-11-09Kconfig: Remove useless and sometimes wrong commentsMichael Roth1-2/+0
Additionally, some excessive newlines removed. Signed-off-by: Michael Roth <mroth@nessie.de> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2009-06-03UBI: make gluebi a separate moduleDmitry Pervushin1-6/+7
[Artem: re-worked the patch: made it release resources when the module is unloaded, made it do module referencing, made it really independent on UBI, tested it with the UBI test-suite which can be found in ubi-2.6.git/tests/ubi-tests, re-named most of the funcs/variables to get rid of the "ubi" word and make names consistent.] Signed-off-by: Dmitry Pervushin <dpervushin@embeddedalley.com> Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
2008-04-17UBI: improve Kconfig documentationArtem Bityutskiy1-2/+7
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
2007-04-27UBI: Unsorted Block ImagesArtem B. Bityutskiy1-0/+58
UBI (Latin: "where?") manages multiple logical volumes on a single flash device, specifically supporting NAND flash devices. UBI provides a flexible partitioning concept which still allows for wear-levelling across the whole flash device. In a sense, UBI may be compared to the Logical Volume Manager (LVM). Whereas LVM maps logical sector numbers to physical HDD sector numbers, UBI maps logical eraseblocks to physical eraseblocks. More information may be found at http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/doc/ubi.html Partitioning/Re-partitioning An UBI volume occupies a certain number of erase blocks. This is limited by a configured maximum volume size, which could also be viewed as the partition size. Each individual UBI volume's size can be changed independently of the other UBI volumes, provided that the sum of all volume sizes doesn't exceed a certain limit. UBI supports dynamic volumes and static volumes. Static volumes are read-only and their contents are protected by CRC check sums. Bad eraseblocks handling UBI transparently handles bad eraseblocks. When a physical eraseblock becomes bad, it is substituted by a good physical eraseblock, and the user does not even notice this. Scrubbing On a NAND flash bit flips can occur on any write operation, sometimes also on read. If bit flips persist on the device, at first they can still be corrected by ECC, but once they accumulate, correction will become impossible. Thus it is best to actively scrub the affected eraseblock, by first copying it to a free eraseblock and then erasing the original. The UBI layer performs this type of scrubbing under the covers, transparently to the UBI volume users. Erase Counts UBI maintains an erase count header per eraseblock. This frees higher-level layers (like file systems) from doing this and allows for centralized erase count management instead. The erase counts are used by the wear-levelling algorithm in the UBI layer. The algorithm itself is exchangeable. Booting from NAND For booting directly from NAND flash the hardware must at least be capable of fetching and executing a small portion of the NAND flash. Some NAND flash controllers have this kind of support. They usually limit the window to a few kilobytes in erase block 0. This "initial program loader" (IPL) must then contain sufficient logic to load and execute the next boot phase. Due to bad eraseblocks, which may be randomly scattered over the flash device, it is problematic to store the "secondary program loader" (SPL) statically. Also, due to bit-flips it may become corrupted over time. UBI allows to solve this problem gracefully by storing the SPL in a small static UBI volume. UBI volumes vs. static partitions UBI volumes are still very similar to static MTD partitions: * both consist of eraseblocks (logical eraseblocks in case of UBI volumes, and physical eraseblocks in case of static partitions; * both support three basic operations - read, write, erase. But UBI volumes have the following advantages over traditional static MTD partitions: * there are no eraseblock wear-leveling constraints in case of UBI volumes, so the user should not care about this; * there are no bit-flips and bad eraseblocks in case of UBI volumes. So, UBI volumes may be considered as flash devices with relaxed restrictions. Where can it be found? Documentation, kernel code and applications can be found in the MTD gits. What are the applications for? The applications help to create binary flash images for two purposes: pfi files (partial flash images) for in-system update of UBI volumes, and plain binary images, with or without OOB data in case of NAND, for a manufacturing step. Furthermore some tools are/and will be created that allow flash content analysis after a system has crashed.. Who did UBI? The original ideas, where UBI is based on, were developed by Andreas Arnez, Frank Haverkamp and Thomas Gleixner. Josh W. Boyer and some others were involved too. The implementation of the kernel layer was done by Artem B. Bityutskiy. The user-space applications and tools were written by Oliver Lohmann with contributions from Frank Haverkamp, Andreas Arnez, and Artem. Joern Engel contributed a patch which modifies JFFS2 so that it can be run on a UBI volume. Thomas Gleixner did modifications to the NAND layer. Alexander Schmidt made some testing work as well as core functionality improvements. Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityutskiy <dedekind@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Frank Haverkamp <haver@vnet.ibm.com>
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