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Coding Style
============

Mesa is over 20 years old and the coding style has evolved over time.
Some old parts use a style that's a bit out of date. Different sections
of mesa can use different coding style as set in the local EditorConfig
(.editorconfig) and/or Emacs (.dir-locals.el) file. Alternatively the
following is applicable. If the guidelines below don't cover something,
try following the format of existing, neighboring code.

Basic formatting guidelines

-  3-space indentation, no tabs.
-  Limit lines to 78 or fewer characters. The idea is to prevent line
   wrapping in 80-column editors and terminals. There are exceptions,
   such as if you're defining a large, static table of information.
-  Opening braces go on the same line as the if/for/while statement. For
   example:

   ::

          if (condition) {
             foo;
          } else {
             bar;
          }

-  Put a space before/after operators. For example, ``a = b + c;`` and
   not ``a=b+c;``
-  This GNU indent command generally does the right thing for
   formatting:

   ::

          indent -br -i3 -npcs --no-tabs infile.c -o outfile.c

-  | Use comments wherever you think it would be helpful for other
     developers. Several specific cases and style examples follow. Note
     that we roughly follow
     `Doxygen <https://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/>`__ conventions.
   | Single-line comments:

   ::

          /* null-out pointer to prevent dangling reference below */
          bufferObj = NULL;

   Or,

   ::

          bufferObj = NULL;  /* prevent dangling reference below */

   Multi-line comment:

   ::

          /* If this is a new buffer object id, or one which was generated but
           * never used before, allocate a buffer object now.
           */

   We try to quote the OpenGL specification where prudent:

   ::

          /* Page 38 of the PDF of the OpenGL ES 3.0 spec says:
           *
           *     "An INVALID_OPERATION error is generated for any of the following
           *     conditions:
           *
           *     *  is zero."
           *
           * Additionally, page 94 of the PDF of the OpenGL 4.5 core spec
           * (30.10.2014) also says this, so it's no longer allowed for desktop GL,
           * either.
           */

   Function comment example:

   ::

          /**
           * Create and initialize a new buffer object.  Called via the
           * ctx->Driver.CreateObject() driver callback function.
           * \param  name  integer name of the object
           * \param  type  one of GL_FOO, GL_BAR, etc.
           * \return  pointer to new object or NULL if error
           */
          struct gl_object *
          _mesa_create_object(GLuint name, GLenum type)
          {
             /* function body */
          }

-  Put the function return type and qualifiers on one line and the
   function name and parameters on the next, as seen above. This makes
   it easy to use ``grep ^function_name dir/*`` to find function
   definitions. Also, the opening brace goes on the next line by itself
   (see above.)
-  Function names follow various conventions depending on the type of
   function:

   ::

          glFooBar()       - a public GL entry point (in glapi_dispatch.c)
          _mesa_FooBar()   - the internal immediate mode function
          save_FooBar()    - retained mode (display list) function in dlist.c
          foo_bar()        - a static (private) function
          _mesa_foo_bar()  - an internal non-static Mesa function

-  Constants, macros and enum names are ALL\_UPPERCASE, with \_ between
   words.
-  Mesa usually uses camel case for local variables (Ex: "localVarname")
   while gallium typically uses underscores (Ex: "local\_var\_name").
-  Global variables are almost never used because Mesa should be
   thread-safe.
-  Booleans. Places that are not directly visible to the GL API should
   prefer the use of ``bool``, ``true``, and ``false`` over
   ``GLboolean``, ``GL_TRUE``, and ``GL_FALSE``. In C code, this may
   mean that ``#include <stdbool.h>`` needs to be added. The
   ``try_emit_``\ \* methods in src/mesa/program/ir\_to\_mesa.cpp and
   src/mesa/state\_tracker/st\_glsl\_to\_tgsi.cpp can serve as examples.