/* Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Artifex Software, Inc.
   All Rights Reserved.
  
   This software is provided AS-IS with no warranty, either express or
   implied.

   This software is distributed under license and may not be copied, modified
   or distributed except as expressly authorized under the terms of that
   license.  Refer to licensing information at http://www.artifex.com/
   or contact Artifex Software, Inc.,  7 Mt. Lassen Drive - Suite A-134,
   San Rafael, CA  94903, U.S.A., +1(415)492-9861, for further information.
*/

/* $Id$ */
/* Path stroking procedures for Ghostscript library */
#include "math_.h"
#include "gx.h"
#include "gpcheck.h"
#include "gserrors.h"
#include "gsdcolor.h"
#include "gxfixed.h"
#include "gxfarith.h"
#include "gxmatrix.h"
#include "gscoord.h"
#include "gsdevice.h"
#include "gxdevice.h"
#include "gxhttile.h"
#include "gxistate.h"
#include "gzline.h"
#include "gzpath.h"
#include "gzcpath.h"
#include "gxpaint.h"
#include "vdtrace.h"

/*
 * We don't really know whether it's a good idea to take fill adjustment
 * into account for stroking.  Disregarding it means that strokes
 * come out thinner than fills; observing it produces heavy-looking
 * strokes at low resolutions.  But in any case, we must disregard it
 * when stroking zero-width lines.
 */
#define USE_FILL_ADJUSTMENT

#ifdef USE_FILL_ADJUSTMENT
#  define STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, xy)\
     (thin ? fixed_0 : (pis)->fill_adjust.xy)
#else
#  define STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, xy) fixed_0
#endif

/*
 * For some reason, we commented out the optimization for portrait,
 * landscape, and uniform (non-scaled) transformations.  We have no record
 * of why we did this, and we don't know what bugs re-enabling it may
 * introduce.
 */
#define OPTIMIZE_ORIENTATION

/*
 * Compute the amount by which to expand a stroked bounding box to account
 * for line width, caps and joins.  Return 0 if the result is exact, 1 if
 * it may be conservative, or gs_error_limitcheck if the result is too
 * large to fit in a gs_fixed_point.
 *
 * Because of square caps and miter and triangular joins, the maximum
 * expansion on each side (in user space) is
 *      K * line_width/2
 * where K is determined as follows:
 *      If the path is only a single line segment, K = 1;
 *      if triangular joins, K = 2;
 *      if miter joins, K = miter_limit;
 *      otherwise, K = 1.
 *
 * If the following conditions apply, K = 1 yields an exact result:
 *	- The CTM is of the form [X 0 0 Y] or [0 X Y 0].
 *	- Square or round caps are used, or all subpaths are closed.
 *	- All segments (including the implicit segment created by
 *	  closepath) are vertical or horizontal lines.
 *
 * Note that these conditions are sufficient, but not necessary, to get an
 * exact result.  We choose this set of conditions because it is easy to
 * check and covers many common cases.  Clients that care always have the
 * option of using strokepath to get an exact result.
 */
private float join_expansion_factor(const gs_imager_state *, gs_line_join);
int
gx_stroke_path_expansion(const gs_imager_state * pis, const gx_path * ppath,
			 gs_fixed_point * ppt)
{
    const subpath *psub = ppath->first_subpath;
    const segment *pseg;
    double cx = fabs(pis->ctm.xx) + fabs(pis->ctm.yx);
    double cy = fabs(pis->ctm.xy) + fabs(pis->ctm.yy);
    double expand = pis->line_params.half_width;
    int result = 1;

    /* Check for whether an exact result can be computed easily. */
    if (is_fzero2(pis->ctm.xy, pis->ctm.yx) ||
	is_fzero2(pis->ctm.xx, pis->ctm.yy)
	) {
	bool must_be_closed =
	    !(pis->line_params.cap == gs_cap_square ||
	      pis->line_params.cap == gs_cap_round);
	gs_fixed_point prev;

	for (pseg = (const segment *)psub; pseg;
	     prev = pseg->pt, pseg = pseg->next
	     )
	    switch (pseg->type) {
	    case s_start:
		if (((const subpath *)pseg)->curve_count ||
		    (must_be_closed && !((const subpath *)pseg)->is_closed)
		    )
		    goto not_exact;
		break;
	    case s_line:
	    case s_dash:
	    case s_line_close:
		if (!(pseg->pt.x == prev.x || pseg->pt.y == prev.y))
		    goto not_exact;
		break;
	    default:		/* other/unknown segment type */
		goto not_exact;
	    }
	result = 0;		/* exact result */
    }
not_exact:
    if (result) {
	if (!gx_path_has_curves(ppath) && gx_path_subpath_count(ppath) <= 1 &&
	    (psub == 0 || (pseg = psub->next) == 0 ||
	     (pseg = pseg->next) == 0 || pseg->type == s_line_close))
	    DO_NOTHING;
	else {
	    float factor = join_expansion_factor(pis, pis->line_params.join);

	    if (pis->line_params.curve_join >= 0)
		factor = max(factor, join_expansion_factor(pis,
				(gs_line_join)pis->line_params.curve_join));
	    expand *= factor;
	}
    }
	    
    /* Short-cut gs_bbox_transform. */
    {
	float exx = expand * cx;
	float exy = expand * cy;
	int code = set_float2fixed_vars(ppt->x, exx);

	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
	code = set_float2fixed_vars(ppt->y, exy);
	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
    }

    return result;
}
private float
join_expansion_factor(const gs_imager_state *pis, gs_line_join join)
{
    switch (join) {
    case gs_join_miter: return pis->line_params.miter_limit;
    case gs_join_triangle: return 2.0;
    default: return 1.0;
    }
}

/*
 * Structure for a partial line (passed to the drawing routine).
 * Two of these are required to do joins right.
 * Each endpoint includes the two ends of the cap as well,
 * and the deltas for square, round, and triangular cap computation.
 *
 * The two base values for computing the caps of a partial line are the
 * width and the end cap delta.  The width value is one-half the line
 * width (suitably transformed) at 90 degrees counter-clockwise
 * (in device space, but with "90 degrees" interpreted in *user*
 * coordinates) at the end (as opposed to the origin) of the line.
 * The cdelta value is one-half the transformed line width in the same
 * direction as the line.  From these, we compute two other values at each
 * end of the line: co and ce, which are the ends of the cap.
 * Note that the cdelta values at o are the negatives of the values at e,
 * as are the offsets from p to co and ce.
 *
 * Initially, only o.p, e.p, e.cdelta, width, and thin are set.
 * compute_caps fills in the rest.
 */
typedef gs_fixed_point *p_ptr;
typedef struct endpoint_s {
    gs_fixed_point p;		/* the end of the line */
    gs_fixed_point co, ce;	/* ends of the cap, p +/- width */
    gs_fixed_point cdelta;	/* +/- cap length */
} endpoint;
typedef endpoint *ep_ptr;
typedef const endpoint *const_ep_ptr;
typedef struct partial_line_s {
    endpoint o;			/* starting coordinate */
    endpoint e;			/* ending coordinate */
    gs_fixed_point width;	/* one-half line width, see above */
    gs_fixed_point vector;	/* The line segment direction */
    bool thin;			/* true if minimum-width line */
} partial_line;
typedef partial_line *pl_ptr;

/* Assign a point.  Some compilers would do this with very slow code */
/* if we simply implemented it as an assignment. */
#define ASSIGN_POINT(pp, p)\
  ((pp)->x = (p).x, (pp)->y = (p).y)

/* Other forward declarations */
private bool width_is_thin(pl_ptr);
private void adjust_stroke(pl_ptr, const gs_imager_state *, bool, bool);
private int line_join_points(const gx_line_params * pgs_lp,
			     pl_ptr plp, pl_ptr nplp,
			     gs_fixed_point * join_points,
			     const gs_matrix * pmat, gs_line_join join,
			     bool reflected);
private void compute_caps(pl_ptr);
private int add_points(gx_path *, const gs_fixed_point *,
		       int, bool);
private int add_round_cap(gx_path *, const_ep_ptr);
private int cap_points(gs_line_cap, const_ep_ptr,
		       gs_fixed_point * /*[3] */ );

/* Define the default implementation of the device stroke_path procedure. */
int
gx_default_stroke_path(gx_device * dev, const gs_imager_state * pis,
		       gx_path * ppath, const gx_stroke_params * params,
		       const gx_drawing_color * pdcolor,
		       const gx_clip_path * pcpath)
{
    return gx_stroke_path_only(ppath, (gx_path *) 0, dev, pis, params,
			       pdcolor, pcpath);
}

/* Fill a partial stroked path.  Free variables: */
/* to_path, stroke_path_body, fill_params, always_thin, pis, dev, pdevc, */
/* code, ppath, exit(label). */
#define FILL_STROKE_PATH(thin)\
  if(to_path==&stroke_path_body && !gx_path_is_void(&stroke_path_body)) {\
    fill_params.adjust.x = STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, x);\
    fill_params.adjust.y = STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, y);\
    code = gx_fill_path_only(to_path, dev, pis, &fill_params, pdevc, pcpath);\
    gx_path_free(&stroke_path_body, "fill_stroke_path");\
    if ( code < 0 ) goto exit;\
    gx_path_init_local(&stroke_path_body, ppath->memory);\
  }

/*
 * Define the internal procedures that stroke a partial_line
 * (the first pl_ptr argument).  If both partial_lines are non-null,
 * the procedure creates an appropriate join; otherwise, the procedure
 * creates an end cap.  If the first int is 0, the procedure also starts
 * with an appropriate cap.
 */
#define stroke_line_proc(proc)\
  int proc(gx_path *, int, pl_ptr, pl_ptr, const gx_device_color *,\
	   gx_device *, const gs_imager_state *,\
	   const gx_stroke_params *, const gs_fixed_rect *, int,\
	   gs_line_join, bool)
typedef stroke_line_proc((*stroke_line_proc_t));

private stroke_line_proc(stroke_add);
private stroke_line_proc(stroke_add_compat);
private stroke_line_proc(stroke_fill);
private int stroke_add_initial_cap_compat(gx_path * ppath, pl_ptr plp, bool adlust_longitude,
	   const gx_device_color * pdevc, gx_device * dev,
	   const gs_imager_state * pis);

/* Define the orientations we handle specially. */
typedef enum {
    orient_other = 0,
    orient_portrait,		/* [xx 0 0 yy tx ty] */
    orient_landscape		/* [0 xy yx 0 tx ty] */
} orientation;

/*
 * Stroke a path.  If to_path != 0, append the stroke outline to it;
 * if to_path == 0, draw the strokes on dev.
 *
 * Note that gx_stroke_path_only with to_path != NULL may clip the path to
 * the clipping path, as for to_path == NULL.  This is almost never
 * what is wanted.
 */
private int
gx_stroke_path_only_aux(gx_path * ppath, gx_path * to_path, gx_device * pdev,
	       const gs_imager_state * pis, const gx_stroke_params * params,
		 const gx_device_color * pdevc, const gx_clip_path * pcpath)
{
    extern bool CPSI_mode;
    stroke_line_proc_t line_proc =
	(to_path == 0 ? stroke_fill : CPSI_mode ? stroke_add_compat : stroke_add);
    gs_fixed_rect ibox, cbox;
    gx_device_clip cdev;
    gx_device *dev = pdev;
    int code = 0;
    gx_fill_params fill_params;
    const gx_line_params *pgs_lp = gs_currentlineparams_inline(pis);
    int dash_count = pgs_lp->dash.pattern_size;
    gx_path fpath, dpath;
    gx_path stroke_path_body;
    const gx_path *spath;
    float xx = pis->ctm.xx, xy = pis->ctm.xy;
    float yx = pis->ctm.yx, yy = pis->ctm.yy;
    /*
     * We are dealing with a reflected coordinate system
     * if transform(1,0) is counter-clockwise from transform(0,1).
     * See the note in stroke_add for the algorithm.
     */
    int uniform;
    bool reflected;
    orientation orient =
	(
#ifdef OPTIMIZE_ORIENTATION
	 is_fzero2(xy, yx) ?
	 (uniform = (xx == yy ? 1 : xx == -yy ? -1 : 0),
	  reflected = (uniform ? uniform < 0 : (xx < 0) != (yy < 0)),
	  orient_portrait) :
	 is_fzero2(xx, yy) ?
	 (uniform = (xy == yx ? -1 : xy == -yx ? 1 : 0),
	  reflected = (uniform ? uniform < 0 : (xy < 0) == (yx < 0)),
	  orient_landscape) :
    /* We should optimize uniform rotated coordinate systems */
    /* here as well, but we don't. */
#endif
	 (uniform = 0,
	  reflected = xy * yx > xx * yy,
	  orient_other));
    /*
     * Formerly, there was a hack here that only treated the joins of
     * flattened curves specially if the dot length was non-zero.
     * This was a surrogate to detect use of the library by PCL
     * interpreters.  We have replaced this hack with an explicit
     * curve join parameter in the graphics state.
     */
#if 0
    segment_notes not_first =
	(!is_fzero(pis->line_params.dot_length) ? sn_not_first : sn_none);
#else
    const segment_notes not_first = sn_not_first;
#endif
    gs_line_join curve_join =
	(pgs_lp->curve_join >= 0 ? (gs_line_join)pgs_lp->curve_join :
	 pgs_lp->join == gs_join_none || pgs_lp->join == gs_join_round ? 
	    gs_join_bevel : pgs_lp->join);
    float line_width = pgs_lp->half_width;	/* (*half* the line width) */
    bool always_thin;
    double line_width_and_scale;
    double device_line_width_scale = 0; /* Quiet compiler. */
    double device_dot_length = pgs_lp->dot_length * fixed_1;
    const subpath *psub;
    gs_matrix initial_matrix;
    bool initial_matrix_reflected;

    (*dev_proc(pdev, get_initial_matrix)) (pdev, &initial_matrix);
    initial_matrix_reflected = initial_matrix.xy * initial_matrix.yx > 
			       initial_matrix.xx * initial_matrix.yy;

#ifdef DEBUG
    if (gs_debug_c('o')) {
	int count = pgs_lp->dash.pattern_size;
	int i;

	dlprintf3("[o]half_width=%f, cap=%d, join=%d,\n",
		  pgs_lp->half_width, (int)pgs_lp->cap, (int)pgs_lp->join);
	dlprintf2("   miter_limit=%f, miter_check=%f,\n",
		  pgs_lp->miter_limit, pgs_lp->miter_check);
	dlprintf1("   dash pattern=%d", count);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	    dprintf1(",%f", pgs_lp->dash.pattern[i]);
	dputs(",\n");
	dlprintf4("\toffset=%f, init(ink_on=%d, index=%d, dist_left=%f)\n",
		  pgs_lp->dash.offset, pgs_lp->dash.init_ink_on,
		  pgs_lp->dash.init_index, pgs_lp->dash.init_dist_left);
    }
#endif

    gx_path_bbox(ppath, &ibox);
    /* Expand the path bounding box by the scaled line width. */
    {
	gs_fixed_point expansion;

	if (gx_stroke_path_expansion(pis, ppath, &expansion) < 0) {
	    /* The expansion is so large it caused a limitcheck. */
	    ibox.p.x = ibox.p.y = min_fixed;
	    ibox.q.x = ibox.q.y = max_fixed;
	} else {
	    expansion.x += pis->fill_adjust.x;
	    expansion.y += pis->fill_adjust.y;
	    /*
	     * It's theoretically possible for the following computations to
	     * overflow, so we need to check for this.
	     */
	    ibox.p.x = (ibox.p.x < min_fixed + expansion.x ? min_fixed :
			ibox.p.x - expansion.x);
	    ibox.p.y = (ibox.p.y < min_fixed + expansion.y ? min_fixed :
			ibox.p.y - expansion.y);
	    ibox.q.x = (ibox.q.x > max_fixed - expansion.x ? max_fixed :
			ibox.q.x + expansion.x);
	    ibox.q.y = (ibox.q.y > max_fixed - expansion.y ? max_fixed :
			ibox.q.y + expansion.y);
	}
    }
    /* Check the expanded bounding box against the clipping regions. */
    if (pcpath)
	gx_cpath_inner_box(pcpath, &cbox);
    else if (pdevc)
	(*dev_proc(dev, get_clipping_box)) (dev, &cbox);
    else {
	/* This is strokepath, not stroke.  Don't clip. */
	cbox = ibox;
    }
    if (!rect_within(ibox, cbox)) {
	/* Intersect the path box and the clip bounding box. */
	/* If the intersection is empty, this call is a no-op. */
	gs_fixed_rect bbox;

	if (pcpath) {
	    gx_cpath_outer_box(pcpath, &bbox);
	    if_debug4('f', "   outer_box=(%g,%g),(%g,%g)\n",
		      fixed2float(bbox.p.x), fixed2float(bbox.p.y),
		      fixed2float(bbox.q.x), fixed2float(bbox.q.y));
	    rect_intersect(ibox, bbox);
	} else
	    rect_intersect(ibox, cbox);
	if (ibox.p.x >= ibox.q.x || ibox.p.y >= ibox.q.y) {
	    /* Intersection of boxes is empty! */
	    return 0;
	}
	/*
	 * The path is neither entirely inside the inner clip box
	 * nor entirely outside the outer clip box.
	 * If we had to flatten the path, this is where we would
	 * recompute its bbox and make the tests again,
	 * but we don't bother right now.
	 *
	 * If there is a clipping path, set up a clipping device.
	 */
	if (pcpath) {
	    gx_make_clip_device(&cdev, gx_cpath_list(pcpath));
	    cdev.target = dev;
	    cdev.max_fill_band = dev->max_fill_band;
	    dev = (gx_device *) & cdev;
	    (*dev_proc(dev, open_device)) (dev);
	}
    }
    fill_params.rule = gx_rule_winding_number;
    fill_params.flatness = pis->flatness;
#ifdef USE_FILL_ADJUSTMENT
    fill_params.fill_zero_width =
	(pis->fill_adjust.x | pis->fill_adjust.y) != 0;
#else
    fill_params.fill_zero_width = false;
#endif
    if (line_width < 0)
	line_width = -line_width;
    line_width_and_scale = line_width * (double)int2fixed(1);
    if (is_fzero(line_width))
	always_thin = true;
    else {
	float xa, ya;

	switch (orient) {
	    case orient_portrait:
		xa = xx, ya = yy;
		goto sat;
	    case orient_landscape:
		xa = xy, ya = yx;
	      sat:
		if (xa < 0)
		    xa = -xa;
		if (ya < 0)
		    ya = -ya;
		always_thin = (max(xa, ya) * line_width < 0.5);
		if (!always_thin && uniform) {	/* Precompute a value we'll need later. */
		    device_line_width_scale = line_width_and_scale * xa;
		}
		break;
	    default:
		{
		    /* The check is more complicated, but it's worth it. */
		    /* Compute radii of the transformed round brush. */
		    /* Let x = [a, sqrt(1-a^2)]' 
		       radius^2 is an extremum of :
		       rr(a)=(CTM*x)^2 = (a*xx + sqrt(1 - a^2)*xy)^2 + (a*yx + sqrt(1 - a^2)*yy)^2
		       With solving D(rr(a),a)==0, got :
		       max_rr = (xx^2 + xy^2 + yx^2 + yy^2 + sqrt(((xy + yx)^2 + (xx - yy)^2)*((xy - yx)^2 + (xx + yy)^2)))/2.
		       r = sqrt(max_rr);
		       Well we could use eigenvalues of the quadratic form,
		       but it gives same result with a bigger calculus.
		     */
		    double max_rr = (xx*xx + xy*xy + yx*yx + yy*yy + 
					sqrt( ((xy + yx)*(xy + yx) + (xx - yy)*(xx - yy)) * 
					      ((xy - yx)*(xy - yx) + (xx + yy)*(xx + yy)) 
					    )
				     )/2;
		    
		    always_thin = max_rr * line_width * line_width < 0.25;
		}
	}
    }
    if_debug7('o', "[o]ctm=(%g,%g,%g,%g,%g,%g) thin=%d\n",
	      xx, xy, yx, yy, pis->ctm.tx, pis->ctm.ty, always_thin);
    if (device_dot_length != 0) {
	/*
	 * Compute the dot length in device space.  We can't do this
	 * quite right for non-uniform coordinate systems; too bad.
	 */
	gs_matrix mat;
	const gs_matrix *pmat;

	if (pgs_lp->dot_length_absolute) {
	    gs_deviceinitialmatrix(pdev, &mat);
	    pmat = &mat;
	} else
	    pmat = (const gs_matrix *)&pis->ctm;
	device_dot_length *= fabs(pmat->xy) + fabs(pmat->yy);
    }
    /* Start by flattening the path.  We should do this on-the-fly.... */
    if (!gx_path_has_curves(ppath) && !gx_path_has_long_segments(ppath)) {	
	/* don't need to flatten */
	if (!ppath->first_subpath)
	    return 0;
	spath = ppath;
    } else {
	gx_path_init_local(&fpath, ppath->memory);
	if ((code = gx_path_add_flattened_for_stroke(ppath, &fpath,
						params->flatness, pis)) < 0
	    )
	    return code;
	spath = &fpath;
    }
    if (dash_count) {
	gx_path_init_local(&dpath, ppath->memory);
	code = gx_path_add_dash_expansion(spath, &dpath, pis);
	if (code < 0)
	    goto exf;
	spath = &dpath;
    }
    if (to_path == 0) {
	/* We might try to defer this if it's expensive.... */
	to_path = &stroke_path_body;
	gx_path_init_local(&stroke_path_body, ppath->memory);
    }
    for (psub = spath->first_subpath; psub != 0;) {
	int index = 0;
	const segment *pseg = (const segment *)psub;
	fixed x = pseg->pt.x;
	fixed y = pseg->pt.y;
	bool is_closed = ((const subpath *)pseg)->is_closed;
	partial_line pl, pl_prev, pl_first;
	bool zero_length = true;

	while ((pseg = pseg->next) != 0 &&
	       pseg->type != s_start
	    ) {
	    /* Compute the width parameters in device space. */
	    /* We work with unscaled values, for speed. */
	    fixed sx, udx, sy, udy;
	    bool is_dash_segment = false;

         d1:if (pseg->type != s_dash) {
		sx = pseg->pt.x;
		sy = pseg->pt.y;
		udx = sx - x;
		udy = sy - y;
	    } else {
		dash_segment *pd = (dash_segment *)pseg;

		sx = pd->pt.x;
		sy = pd->pt.y;
		udx = pd->tangent.x;
		udy = pd->tangent.y;
		is_dash_segment = true;
	    }
	    zero_length &= ((udx | udy) == 0);
	    pl.o.p.x = x, pl.o.p.y = y;
	  d:pl.e.p.x = sx, pl.e.p.y = sy;
	    if (!(udx | udy) || pseg->type == s_dash) {	/* degenerate or short */
		/*
		 * If this is the first segment of the subpath,
		 * check the entire subpath for degeneracy.
		 * Otherwise, ignore the degenerate segment.
		 */
		if (index != 0 && pseg->type != s_dash)
		    continue;
		/* Check for a degenerate subpath. */
		while ((pseg = pseg->next) != 0 &&
		       pseg->type != s_start
		    ) {
		    if (is_dash_segment)
			break;
		    if (pseg->type == s_dash)
			goto d1;
		    sx = pseg->pt.x, udx = sx - x;
		    sy = pseg->pt.y, udy = sy - y;
		    if (udx | udy) {
			zero_length = false;
			goto d;
		    }
		}
		if (pgs_lp->dot_length == 0 && pgs_lp->cap != gs_cap_round && !is_dash_segment) {
		    /* From PLRM, stroke operator :
		       If a subpath is degenerate (consists of a single-point closed path 
		       or of two or more points at the same coordinates), 
		       stroke paints it only if round line caps have been specified */
		    break;
		}
		/*
		 * If the subpath is a dash, take the orientation from the dash segmnent.
		 * Otherwise orient the dot according to the previous segment if
		 * any, or else the next segment if any, or else
		 * according to the specified dot orientation.
		 */
		{
		    /* When passing here, either pseg == NULL or it points to the
		       start of the next subpaph. So we can't use pseg 
		       for determining the segment direction.
		       In same time, psub->last may help, so use it. */
		    const segment *end = psub->last;

		    if (is_dash_segment) {
			/* Nothing. */
		    } else if (end != 0 && (end->pt.x != x || end->pt.y != y))
			sx = end->pt.x, sy = end->pt.y,	udx = sx - x, udy = sy - y;
		}
		/*
		 * Compute the properly oriented dot length, and then
		 * draw the dot like a very short line.
		 */
		if ((udx | udy) == 0) {
		    if (is_fzero(pgs_lp->dot_orientation.xy)) {
			/* Portrait orientation, dot length = X */
			udx = fixed_1;
		    } else {
			/* Landscape orientation, dot length = Y */
			udy = fixed_1;
		    }
		}
		if (sx == x && sy == y && (pseg == NULL || pseg->type == s_start)) {
		    double scale = device_dot_length /
				hypot((double)udx, (double)udy);
		    fixed udx1, udy1;
		    /*
		     * If we're using butt caps, make sure the "line" is
    		     * long enough to show up.
		     * Don't apply this with always_thin, becase
		     * draw thin line always rounds the length up.
		     */
		    if (!always_thin && pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_butt) {
			fixed dmax = max(any_abs(udx), any_abs(udy));

			if (dmax * scale < fixed_1)
			    scale = (float)fixed_1 / dmax;
		    }
		    udx1 = (fixed) (udx * scale);
		    udy1 = (fixed) (udy * scale);
		    sx = x + udx1;
		    sy = y + udy1;
		}
		/*
		 * Back up 1 segment to keep the bookkeeping straight.
		 */
		pseg = (pseg != 0 ? pseg->prev : psub->last);
		if (!is_dash_segment)
		    goto d;
		pl.e.p.x = sx;
		pl.e.p.y = sy;
	    }
	    pl.vector.x = udx;
	    pl.vector.y = udy;
	    if (always_thin) {
		pl.e.cdelta.x = pl.e.cdelta.y = 0;
		pl.width.x = pl.width.y = 0;
		pl.thin = true;
	    } else {
		if (uniform != 0) {
		    /* We can save a lot of work in this case. */
		    /* We know orient != orient_other. */
		    double dpx = udx, dpy = udy;
		    double wl = device_line_width_scale /
		    hypot(dpx, dpy);

		    pl.e.cdelta.x = (fixed) (dpx * wl);
		    pl.e.cdelta.y = (fixed) (dpy * wl);
		    /* The width is the cap delta rotated by */
		    /* 90 degrees. */
		    if (initial_matrix_reflected)
			pl.width.x = pl.e.cdelta.y, pl.width.y = -pl.e.cdelta.x;
		    else
			pl.width.x = -pl.e.cdelta.y, pl.width.y = pl.e.cdelta.x;
		    pl.thin = false;	/* if not always_thin, */
		    /* then never thin. */

		} else {
		    gs_point dpt;	/* unscaled */
		    float wl;

		    gs_imager_idtransform(pis,
					  (float)udx, (float)udy, &dpt);
		    wl = line_width_and_scale /
			hypot(dpt.x, dpt.y);
		    /* Construct the width vector in */
		    /* user space, still unscaled. */
		    dpt.x *= wl;
		    dpt.y *= wl;
		    /*
		     * We now compute both perpendicular
		     * and (optionally) parallel half-widths,
		     * as deltas in device space.  We use
		     * a fixed-point, unscaled version of
		     * gs_dtransform.  The second computation
		     * folds in a 90-degree rotation (in user
		     * space, before transforming) in the
		     * direction that corresponds to counter-
		     * clockwise in device space.
		     */
		    pl.e.cdelta.x = (fixed) (dpt.x * xx);
		    pl.e.cdelta.y = (fixed) (dpt.y * yy);
		    if (orient != orient_portrait)
			pl.e.cdelta.x += (fixed) (dpt.y * yx),
			    pl.e.cdelta.y += (fixed) (dpt.x * xy);
		    if (!reflected ^ initial_matrix_reflected)
			dpt.x = -dpt.x, dpt.y = -dpt.y;
		    pl.width.x = (fixed) (dpt.y * xx),
			pl.width.y = -(fixed) (dpt.x * yy);
		    if (orient != orient_portrait)
			pl.width.x -= (fixed) (dpt.x * yx),
			    pl.width.y += (fixed) (dpt.y * xy);
		    pl.thin = width_is_thin(&pl);
		}
		if (!pl.thin) {
		    adjust_stroke(&pl, pis, false, 
			    (pseg->prev == 0 || pseg->prev->type == s_start) && 
			    (pseg->next == 0 || pseg->next->type == s_start) &&
			    (zero_length || !is_closed));
		    compute_caps(&pl);
		}
	    }
	    if (index++) {
		gs_line_join join =
		    (pseg->notes & not_first ? curve_join : pgs_lp->join);
		int first;
		pl_ptr lptr;

		if (join == gs_join_none) {
		    /* Fake the end of a subpath so we get */
		    /* caps instead of joins. */
		    first = 0;
		    lptr = 0;
		    index = 1;
		} else {
		    first = (is_closed ? 1 : index - 2);
		    lptr = &pl;
		}
		code = (*line_proc) (to_path, first, &pl_prev, lptr,
				     pdevc, dev, pis, params, &cbox,
				     uniform, join, initial_matrix_reflected);
		if (code < 0)
		    goto exit;
		FILL_STROKE_PATH(always_thin);
	    } else
		pl_first = pl;
	    pl_prev = pl;
	    x = sx, y = sy;
	}
	if (index) {
	    /* If closed, join back to start, else cap. */
	    gs_line_join join =
		((pseg == 0 ? (const segment *)spath->first_subpath :
		  pseg)->notes & not_first ? curve_join : pgs_lp->join);
	    /* For some reason, the Borland compiler requires the cast */
	    /* in the following statement. */
	    pl_ptr lptr =
		(!is_closed || join == gs_join_none || zero_length ?
		 (pl_ptr) 0 : (pl_ptr) & pl_first);

	    code = (*line_proc) (to_path, index - 1, &pl_prev, lptr, pdevc,
				 dev, pis, params, &cbox, uniform, join, 
				 initial_matrix_reflected);
	    if (code < 0)
		goto exit;
	    FILL_STROKE_PATH(always_thin);
	    if (CPSI_mode && lptr == 0 && pgs_lp->cap != gs_cap_butt) {
		/* Create the initial cap at last. */
		code = stroke_add_initial_cap_compat(to_path, &pl_first, index == 1, pdevc, dev, pis);
		if (code < 0)
		    goto exit;
		FILL_STROKE_PATH(always_thin);
	    }
	}
	psub = (const subpath *)pseg;
    }
  exit:
    if (to_path == &stroke_path_body)
	gx_path_free(&stroke_path_body, "gx_stroke_path_only error");	/* (only needed if error) */
    if (dash_count)
	gx_path_free(&dpath, "gx_stroke_path exit(dash path)");
  exf:
    if (ppath->curve_count)
	gx_path_free(&fpath, "gx_stroke_path exit(flattened path)");
    return code;
}

int
gx_stroke_path_only(gx_path * ppath, gx_path * to_path, gx_device * pdev,
	       const gs_imager_state * pis, const gx_stroke_params * params,
		 const gx_device_color * pdevc, const gx_clip_path * pcpath)
{
    int code;

    if (vd_allowed('S')) {
	vd_get_dc('S');
	if (vd_enabled) {
	    vd_set_shift(0, 100);
	    vd_set_scale(0.03);
	    vd_set_origin(0, 0);
	    vd_erase(RGB(192, 192, 192));
	}
    }
    code = gx_stroke_path_only_aux(ppath, to_path, pdev, pis, params, pdevc, pcpath);
    if (vd_allowed('S'))
	vd_release_dc;
    return code;
}

/* ------ Internal routines ------ */

/*
 * Test whether a line is thin, i.e., whether the half-width, measured
 * perpendicular to the line in device space, is less than 0.5 pixel.
 * Unfortunately, the width values we computed are perpendicular to the
 * line in *user* space, so we may have to do some extra work.
 */
private bool
width_is_thin(pl_ptr plp)
{
    fixed dx, dy, wx = plp->width.x, wy = plp->width.y;

    /* If the line is horizontal or vertical, things are easy. */
    if ((dy = plp->e.p.y - plp->o.p.y) == 0)
	return any_abs(wy) < fixed_half;
    if ((dx = plp->e.p.x - plp->o.p.x) == 0)
	return any_abs(wx) < fixed_half;

    /*
     * If both horizontal and vertical widths are less than
     * 0.5, the line is thin.
     */
    if (any_abs(wx) < fixed_half && any_abs(wy) < fixed_half)
	return true;

    /*
     * We have to do this the hard way, by actually computing the
     * perpendicular distance.  The distance from the point (U,V)
     * from a line from (0,0) to (C,D) is
     *      abs(C*V - D*U) / sqrt(C^2 + D^2)
     * In this case, (U,V) is plp->width, and (C,D) is (dx,dy).
     */
    {
	double C = dx, D = dy;
	double num = C * wy - D * wx;
	double denom = hypot(C, D);

	/* both num and denom are scaled by fixed_scale^2, */
	/* so we don't need to do any de-scaling for the test. */
	return fabs(num) < denom * 0.5;
    }
}

/* Adjust the endpoints and width of a stroke segment along a specified axis */
private void
adjust_stroke_transversal(pl_ptr plp, const gs_imager_state * pis, bool thin, bool horiz)
{
    fixed *pw;
    fixed *pov;
    fixed *pev;
    fixed w, w2;
    fixed adj2;

    if (horiz) {
	/* More horizontal stroke */
	pw = &plp->width.y, pov = &plp->o.p.y, pev = &plp->e.p.y;
	adj2 = STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, y) << 1;
    } else {
	/* More vertical stroke */
	pw = &plp->width.x, pov = &plp->o.p.x, pev = &plp->e.p.x;
	adj2 = STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, x) << 1;
    }
    /* Round the larger component of the width up or down, */
    /* whichever way produces a result closer to the correct width. */
    /* Note that just rounding the larger component */
    /* may not produce the correct result. */
    w = *pw;
    if (w > 0)
	w2 = fixed_rounded(w << 1);	/* full line width */
    else
	w2 = -fixed_rounded(-w << 1);	/* full line width */
    if (w2 == 0 && *pw != 0) {
	/* Make sure thin lines don't disappear. */
	w2 = (*pw < 0 ? -fixed_1 + adj2 : fixed_1 - adj2);
	*pw = arith_rshift_1(w2);
    }
    /* Only adjust the endpoints if the line is horizontal or vertical. */
    if (*pov == *pev) {
	/* We're going to round the endpoint coordinates, so */
	/* take the fill adjustment into account now. */
	if (w >= 0)
	    w2 += adj2;
	else
	    w2 = adj2 - w2;
	if (w2 & fixed_1)	/* odd width, move to half-pixel */
	    *pov = *pev = fixed_floor(*pov) + fixed_half;
	else			/* even width, move to pixel */
	    *pov = *pev = fixed_rounded(*pov);

    }
}

private void 
adjust_stroke_longitude(pl_ptr plp, const gs_imager_state * pis, bool thin, bool horiz)
{

    fixed *pow = (horiz ? &plp->o.p.y : &plp->o.p.x);
    fixed *pew = (horiz ? &plp->e.p.y : &plp->e.p.x);

    /* Only adjust the endpoints if the line is horizontal or vertical. 
       Debugged with pdfwrite->ppmraw 72dpi file2.pdf */
    if (*pow == *pew) {
	fixed *pov = (horiz ? &plp->o.p.x : &plp->o.p.y);
	fixed *pev = (horiz ? &plp->e.p.x : &plp->e.p.y);
	fixed length = any_abs(*pov - *pev);
	fixed length_r, length_r_2;
	fixed mv = (*pov + *pev) / 2, mv_r;
	fixed adj2 = (horiz ? STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, x)
			    : STROKE_ADJUSTMENT(thin, pis, y)) << 1;
        
	if (length > fixed_1) /* comparefiles/file2.pdf */
	    return;
	if (pis->line_params.cap == gs_cap_butt) {
	    length_r = fixed_rounded(length);
	    if (length_r < fixed_1)
		length_r = fixed_1;
	    length_r_2 = length_r / 2;
	} else {
	    /* Account width for proper placing cap centers. */
	    fixed width = any_abs(horiz ? plp->width.y : plp->width.x);

	    length_r = fixed_rounded(length + width * 2 + adj2);
	    length_r_2 = fixed_rounded(length) / 2;
	}
	if (length_r & fixed_1)
	    mv_r = fixed_floor(mv) + fixed_half;
	else 
	    mv_r = fixed_floor(mv);
	if (*pov < *pev) {
	    *pov = mv_r - length_r_2;
	    *pev = mv_r + length_r_2;
	} else {
	    *pov = mv_r + length_r_2;
	    *pev = mv_r - length_r_2;
	}
    }
}

/* Adjust the endpoints and width of a stroke segment */
/* to achieve more uniform rendering. */
/* Only o.p, e.p, e.cdelta, and width have been set. */
private void
adjust_stroke(pl_ptr plp, const gs_imager_state * pis, bool thin, bool adjust_longitude)
{
    bool horiz;

    if (!pis->stroke_adjust && plp->width.x != 0 && plp->width.y != 0)
	return;			/* don't adjust */
    horiz = (any_abs(plp->width.x) <= any_abs(plp->width.y));
    adjust_stroke_transversal(plp, pis, thin, horiz);
    if (adjust_longitude)
	adjust_stroke_longitude(plp, pis, thin, horiz);
    /* fixme :
       The best value for adjust_longitude is whether 
       the dash is isolated and doesn't cover entire segment.
       The current data structure can't pass this info.
       Therefore we restrict adjust_stroke_longitude with 1 pixel length.
    */
}

/* Compute the intersection of two lines.  This is a messy algorithm */
/* that somehow ought to be useful in more places than just here.... */
/* If the lines are (nearly) parallel, return -1 without setting *pi; */
/* otherwise, return 0 if the intersection is beyond *pp1 and *pp2 in */
/* the direction determined by *pd1 and *pd2, and 1 otherwise. */
private int
line_intersect(
		  p_ptr pp1,	/* point on 1st line */
		  p_ptr pd1,	/* slope of 1st line (dx,dy) */
		  p_ptr pp2,	/* point on 2nd line */
		  p_ptr pd2,	/* slope of 2nd line */
		  p_ptr pi)
{				/* return intersection here */
    /* We don't have to do any scaling, the factors all work out right. */
    double u1 = pd1->x, v1 = pd1->y;
    double u2 = pd2->x, v2 = pd2->y;
    double denom = u1 * v2 - u2 * v1;
    double xdiff = pp2->x - pp1->x;
    double ydiff = pp2->y - pp1->y;
    double f1;
    double max_result = any_abs(denom) * (double)max_fixed;

#ifdef DEBUG
    if (gs_debug_c('O')) {
	dlprintf4("[o]Intersect %f,%f(%f/%f)",
		  fixed2float(pp1->x), fixed2float(pp1->y),
		  fixed2float(pd1->x), fixed2float(pd1->y));
	dlprintf4(" & %f,%f(%f/%f),\n",
		  fixed2float(pp2->x), fixed2float(pp2->y),
		  fixed2float(pd2->x), fixed2float(pd2->y));
	dlprintf3("\txdiff=%f ydiff=%f denom=%f ->\n",
		  xdiff, ydiff, denom);
    }
#endif
    /* Check for degenerate result. */
    if (any_abs(xdiff) >= max_result || any_abs(ydiff) >= max_result) {
	/* The lines are nearly parallel, */
	/* or one of them has zero length.  Punt. */
	if_debug0('O', "\tdegenerate!\n");
	return -1;
    }
    f1 = (v2 * xdiff - u2 * ydiff) / denom;
    pi->x = pp1->x + (fixed) (f1 * u1);
    pi->y = pp1->y + (fixed) (f1 * v1);
    if_debug2('O', "\t%f,%f\n",
	      fixed2float(pi->x), fixed2float(pi->y));
    return (f1 >= 0 && (v1 * xdiff >= u1 * ydiff ? denom >= 0 : denom < 0) ? 0 : 1);
}

/* Set up the width and delta parameters for a thin line. */
/* We only approximate the width and height. */
private void
set_thin_widths(register pl_ptr plp)
{
    fixed dx = plp->e.p.x - plp->o.p.x, dy = plp->e.p.y - plp->o.p.y;

#define TRSIGN(v, c) ((v) >= 0 ? (c) : -(c))
    if (any_abs(dx) > any_abs(dy)) {
	plp->width.x = plp->e.cdelta.y = 0;
	plp->width.y = plp->e.cdelta.x = TRSIGN(dx, fixed_half);
    } else {
	plp->width.y = plp->e.cdelta.x = 0;
	plp->width.x = -(plp->e.cdelta.y = TRSIGN(dy, fixed_half));
    }
#undef TRSIGN
}

/* Draw a line on the device. */
/* Treat no join the same as a bevel join. */
private int
stroke_fill(gx_path * ppath, int first, register pl_ptr plp, pl_ptr nplp,
	    const gx_device_color * pdevc, gx_device * dev,
	    const gs_imager_state * pis, const gx_stroke_params * params,
	    const gs_fixed_rect * pbbox, int uniform, gs_line_join join,
	    bool reflected)
{
    const fixed lix = plp->o.p.x;
    const fixed liy = plp->o.p.y;
    const fixed litox = plp->e.p.x;
    const fixed litoy = plp->e.p.y;

    if (plp->thin) {
	/* Minimum-width line, don't have to be careful with caps/joins. */
	return (*dev_proc(dev, draw_thin_line))(dev, lix, liy, litox, litoy,
						pdevc, pis->log_op);
    }
    /* Check for being able to fill directly. */
    {
	const gx_line_params *pgs_lp = gs_currentlineparams_inline(pis);
	gs_line_cap cap = pgs_lp->cap;

	if (!plp->thin && (nplp == 0 || !nplp->thin)
	    && ((first != 0 && nplp != 0) || cap == gs_cap_butt
		|| cap == gs_cap_square)
	    && (join == gs_join_bevel || join == gs_join_miter ||
		join == gs_join_none)
	    && (pis->fill_adjust.x | pis->fill_adjust.y) == 0
	    && lop_is_idempotent(pis->log_op)
	    ) {
	    gs_fixed_point points[6];
	    int npoints, code;
	    fixed ax, ay, bx, by;

	    npoints = cap_points((first == 0 ? cap : gs_cap_butt),
				 &plp->o, points);
	    if (nplp == 0)
		code = cap_points(cap, &plp->e, points + npoints);
	    else
		code = line_join_points(pgs_lp, plp, nplp, points + npoints,
					(uniform ? (gs_matrix *) 0 :
					 &ctm_only(pis)), join, reflected);
	    if (code < 0)
		goto general;
	    /* Make sure the parallelogram fill won't overflow. */
#define SUB_OVERFLOWS(r, u, v)\
  (((r = u - v) ^ u) < 0 && (u ^ v) < 0)
	    if (SUB_OVERFLOWS(ax, points[0].x, points[1].x) ||
		SUB_OVERFLOWS(ay, points[0].y, points[1].y) ||
		SUB_OVERFLOWS(bx, points[2].x, points[1].x) ||
		SUB_OVERFLOWS(by, points[2].y, points[1].y)
		)
		goto general;
#undef SUB_OVERFLOWS
	    if (nplp != 0) {
		if (join == gs_join_miter) {
		    /* Make sure we have a bevel and not a miter. */
		    if (!(points[2].x == plp->e.co.x &&
			  points[2].y == plp->e.co.y &&
			  points[5].x == plp->e.ce.x &&
			  points[5].y == plp->e.ce.y)
			)
			goto fill;
		} {
		    const gs_fixed_point *bevel = points + 2;

		    /* Identify which 3 points define the bevel triangle. */
		    if (points[3].x == nplp->o.p.x &&
			points[3].y == nplp->o.p.y
			)
			++bevel;
		    /* Fill the bevel. */
		    code = (*dev_proc(dev, fill_triangle)) (dev,
							 bevel->x, bevel->y,
			       bevel[1].x - bevel->x, bevel[1].y - bevel->y,
			       bevel[2].x - bevel->x, bevel[2].y - bevel->y,
							pdevc, pis->log_op);
		    if (code < 0)
			return code;
		}
	    }
	    /* Fill the body of the stroke. */
	    return (*dev_proc(dev, fill_parallelogram)) (dev,
						   points[1].x, points[1].y,
							 ax, ay, bx, by,
							 pdevc, pis->log_op);
	  fill:
	    code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints + code, true);
	    if (code < 0)
		return code;
	    return gx_path_close_subpath(ppath);
	}
    }
    /* General case: construct a path for the fill algorithm. */
 general:
    return stroke_add(ppath, first, plp, nplp, pdevc, dev, pis, params,
		      pbbox, uniform, join, reflected);
}

/* Add a segment to the path.  This handles all the complex cases. */
private int
stroke_add(gx_path * ppath, int first, pl_ptr plp, pl_ptr nplp,
	   const gx_device_color * pdevc, gx_device * dev,
	   const gs_imager_state * pis, const gx_stroke_params * params,
	   const gs_fixed_rect * ignore_pbbox, int uniform, gs_line_join join,
	   bool reflected)
{
    const gx_line_params *pgs_lp = gs_currentlineparams_inline(pis);
    gs_fixed_point points[8];
    int npoints;
    int code;
    bool moveto_first = true;

    if (plp->thin) {
	/* We didn't set up the endpoint parameters before, */
	/* because the line was thin.  Do it now. */
	set_thin_widths(plp);
	adjust_stroke(plp, pis, true, first == 0 && nplp == 0);
	compute_caps(plp);
    }
    /* Create an initial cap if desired. */
    if (first == 0 && pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_round) {
	vd_moveto(plp->o.co.x, plp->o.co.y);
	if ((code = gx_path_add_point(ppath, plp->o.co.x, plp->o.co.y)) < 0 ||
	    (code = add_round_cap(ppath, &plp->o)) < 0)
	    return code;
	npoints = 0;
	moveto_first = false;
    } else {
	if ((npoints = cap_points((first == 0 ? pgs_lp->cap : gs_cap_butt), &plp->o, points)) < 0)
	    return npoints;
    }
    if (nplp == 0) {
	/* Add a final cap. */
	if (pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_round) {
	    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[npoints], plp->e.co);
	    vd_lineto(points[npoints].x, points[npoints].y);
	    ++npoints;
	    if ((code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints, moveto_first)) < 0)
		return code;
	    code = add_round_cap(ppath, &plp->e);
	    goto done;
	}
	code = cap_points(pgs_lp->cap, &plp->e, points + npoints);
    } else if (join == gs_join_round) {
	ASSIGN_POINT(&points[npoints], plp->e.co);
	vd_lineto(points[npoints].x, points[npoints].y);
	++npoints;
	if ((code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints, moveto_first)) < 0)
	    return code;
	code = add_round_cap(ppath, &plp->e);
	goto done;
    } else if (nplp->thin)	/* no join */
	code = cap_points(gs_cap_butt, &plp->e, points + npoints);
    else			/* non-round join */
	code = line_join_points(pgs_lp, plp, nplp, points + npoints,
				(uniform ? (gs_matrix *) 0 : &ctm_only(pis)),
				join, reflected);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints + code, moveto_first);
  done:
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    vd_closepath;
    return gx_path_close_subpath(ppath);
}

/* Add a CPSI-compatible segment to the path.  This handles all the complex cases. */
private int
stroke_add_compat(gx_path * ppath, int first, pl_ptr plp, pl_ptr nplp,
	   const gx_device_color * pdevc, gx_device * dev,
	   const gs_imager_state * pis, const gx_stroke_params * params,
	   const gs_fixed_rect * ignore_pbbox, int uniform, gs_line_join join,
	   bool reflected)
{
    /* Actually it adds 2 contours : one for the segment itself,
       and another one for line join or for the ending cap. 
       Note CPSI creates negative contours. */
    const gx_line_params *pgs_lp = gs_currentlineparams_inline(pis);
    gs_fixed_point points[5];
    int npoints;
    bool const moveto_first = true; /* Keeping this code closer to "stroke_add". */
    int code;

    if (plp->thin) {
	/* We didn't set up the endpoint parameters before, */
	/* because the line was thin.  Do it now. */
	set_thin_widths(plp);
	adjust_stroke(plp, pis, true, first == 0 && nplp == 0);
	compute_caps(plp);
    }
    /* The segment itself : */
    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[0], plp->o.ce);
    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[1], plp->e.co);
    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[2], plp->e.ce);
    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[3], plp->o.co);
    code = add_points(ppath, points, 4, moveto_first);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    code = gx_path_close_subpath(ppath);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    vd_closepath;
    npoints = 0;
    if (nplp == 0) {
	/* Add a final cap. */
	if (pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_butt)
	    return 0;
	if (pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_round) {
	    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[npoints], plp->e.co);
	    vd_lineto(points[npoints].x, points[npoints].y);
	    ++npoints;
	    if ((code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints, moveto_first)) < 0)
		return code;
	    return add_round_cap(ppath, &plp->e);
	}
	ASSIGN_POINT(&points[0], plp->e.ce);
	++npoints;
	ASSIGN_POINT(&points[npoints], plp->e.co);
	++npoints;
	code = cap_points(pgs_lp->cap, &plp->e, points + npoints);
	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
	npoints += code;
    } else if (join == gs_join_round) {
	ASSIGN_POINT(&points[npoints], plp->e.co);
	vd_lineto(points[npoints].x, points[npoints].y);
	++npoints;
	if ((code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints, moveto_first)) < 0)
	    return code;
	return add_round_cap(ppath, &plp->e);
    } else if (nplp->thin) {	/* no join */
	npoints = 0;
    } else {			/* non-round join */
	bool ccw =
	    (double)(plp->width.x) /* x1 */ * (nplp->width.y) /* y2 */ >
	    (double)(nplp->width.x) /* x2 */ * (plp->width.y) /* y1 */;

	if (ccw ^ reflected) {
	    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[0], plp->e.co);
	    vd_lineto(points[0].x, points[0].y);
	    ++npoints;
	    code = line_join_points(pgs_lp, plp, nplp, points + npoints,
				    (uniform ? (gs_matrix *) 0 : &ctm_only(pis)),
				    join, reflected);
	    if (code < 0)
		return code;
	    code--; /* Drop the last point of the non-compatible mode. */
	    npoints += code;
	} else {
	    code = line_join_points(pgs_lp, plp, nplp, points,
				    (uniform ? (gs_matrix *) 0 : &ctm_only(pis)),
				    join, reflected);
	    if (code < 0)
		return code;
	    ASSIGN_POINT(&points[0], plp->e.ce); /* Replace the starting point of the non-compatible mode. */
	    npoints = code;
	}
    }
    code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints, moveto_first);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    code = gx_path_close_subpath(ppath);
    vd_closepath;
    return code;
}

/* Add a CPSI-compatible segment to the path.  This handles all the complex cases. */
private int
stroke_add_initial_cap_compat(gx_path * ppath, pl_ptr plp, bool adlust_longitude,
	   const gx_device_color * pdevc, gx_device * dev,
	   const gs_imager_state * pis)
{
    const gx_line_params *pgs_lp = gs_currentlineparams_inline(pis);
    gs_fixed_point points[4];
    int npoints = 0;
    int code;

    if (pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_butt)
	return 0;
    if (plp->thin) {
	/* We didn't set up the endpoint parameters before, */
	/* because the line was thin.  Do it now. */
	set_thin_widths(plp);
	adjust_stroke(plp, pis, true, adlust_longitude);
	compute_caps(plp);
    }
    /* Create an initial cap if desired. */
    if (pgs_lp->cap == gs_cap_round) {
	vd_moveto(plp->o.co.x, plp->o.co.y);
	if ((code = gx_path_add_point(ppath, plp->o.co.x, plp->o.co.y)) < 0 ||
	    (code = add_round_cap(ppath, &plp->o)) < 0
	    )
	    return code;
	return 0;
    } else {
	ASSIGN_POINT(&points[0], plp->o.co);
	++npoints;
	if ((code = cap_points(pgs_lp->cap, &plp->o, points + npoints)) < 0)
	    return npoints;
	npoints += code;
	ASSIGN_POINT(&points[npoints], plp->o.ce);
	++npoints;
	code = add_points(ppath, points, npoints, true);
	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
	return gx_path_close_subpath(ppath);
    }
}

/* Add lines with a possible initial moveto. */
private int
add_points(gx_path * ppath, const gs_fixed_point * points, int npoints,
	   bool moveto_first)
{
    int code;

    vd_setcolor(0);
    vd_setlinewidth(0);
    if (moveto_first) {
	code = gx_path_add_point(ppath, points[0].x, points[0].y);
	vd_moveto(points[0].x, points[0].y);
	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
	vd_lineto_multi(points + 1, npoints - 1);
	return gx_path_add_lines(ppath, points + 1, npoints - 1);
    } else {
	vd_lineto_multi(points, npoints);
	return gx_path_add_lines(ppath, points, npoints);
    }
}

/* ---------------- Join computation ---------------- */

/* Compute the points for a bevel, miter, or triangle join. */
/* Treat no join the same as a bevel join. */
/* If pmat != 0, we must inverse-transform the distances for */
/* the miter check. */
private int
line_join_points(const gx_line_params * pgs_lp, pl_ptr plp, pl_ptr nplp,
		 gs_fixed_point * join_points, const gs_matrix * pmat,
		 gs_line_join join, bool reflected)
{
#define jp1 join_points[0]
#define np1 join_points[1]
#define np2 join_points[2]
#define jp2 join_points[3]
#define jpx join_points[4]
    /*
     * Set np to whichever of nplp->o.co or .ce is outside
     * the current line.  We observe that the point (x2,y2)
     * is counter-clockwise from (x1,y1), relative to the origin,
     * iff
     *  (arctan(y2/x2) - arctan(y1/x1)) mod 2*pi < pi,
     * taking the signs of xi and yi into account to determine
     * the quadrants of the results.  It turns out that
     * even though arctan is monotonic only in the 4th/1st
     * quadrants and the 2nd/3rd quadrants, case analysis on
     * the signs of xi and yi demonstrates that this test
     * is equivalent to the much less expensive test
     *  x1 * y2 > x2 * y1
     * in all cases.
     *
     * In the present instance, x1,y1 are plp->width,
     * x2,y2 are nplp->width, and the origin is
     * their common point (plp->e.p, nplp->o.p).
     * ccw will be true iff nplp.o.co (nplp.o.p + width) is
     * counter-clockwise from plp.e.ce (plp.e.p + width),
     * in which case we want tan(a-b) rather than tan(b-a).
     *
     * We make the test using double arithmetic only because
     * the !@#&^*% C language doesn't give us access to
     * the double-width-result multiplication operation
     * that almost all CPUs provide!
     */
    bool ccw =
	(double)(plp->width.x) /* x1 */ * (nplp->width.y) /* y2 */ >
	(double)(nplp->width.x) /* x2 */ * (plp->width.y) /* y1 */;
    bool ccw0 = ccw;
    p_ptr outp, np;

    ccw ^= reflected;

    /* Initialize for a bevel join. */
    ASSIGN_POINT(&jp1, plp->e.co);
    ASSIGN_POINT(&jp2, plp->e.ce);

    /*
     * Because of stroke adjustment, it is possible that
     * plp->e.p != nplp->o.p.  For that reason, we must use
     * nplp->o.p as np1 or np2.
     */
    if (!ccw) {
	outp = &jp2;
	ASSIGN_POINT(&np2, nplp->o.co);
	ASSIGN_POINT(&np1, nplp->o.p);
	np = &np2;
    } else {
	outp = &jp1;
	ASSIGN_POINT(&np1, nplp->o.ce);
	ASSIGN_POINT(&np2, nplp->o.p);
	np = &np1;
    }
    if_debug1('O', "[o]use %s\n", (ccw ? "co (ccw)" : "ce (cw)"));

    /* Handle triangular joins now. */
    if (join == gs_join_triangle) {
	fixed tpx = outp->x - nplp->o.p.x + np->x;
	fixed tpy = outp->y - nplp->o.p.y + np->y;

	ASSIGN_POINT(&jpx, jp2);
	if (!ccw) {
	    /* Insert tp between np2 and jp2. */
	    jp2.x = tpx, jp2.y = tpy;
	} else {
	    /* Insert tp between jp1 and np1. */
	    ASSIGN_POINT(&jp2, np2);
	    ASSIGN_POINT(&np2, np1);
	    np1.x = tpx, np1.y = tpy;
	}
	return 5;
    }
    /*
     * Don't bother with the miter check if the two
     * points to be joined are very close together,
     * namely, in the same square half-pixel.
     */
    if (join == gs_join_miter &&
	!(fixed2long(outp->x << 1) == fixed2long(np->x << 1) &&
	  fixed2long(outp->y << 1) == fixed2long(np->y << 1))
	) {
	/*
	 * Check whether a miter join is appropriate.
	 * Let a, b be the angles of the two lines.
	 * We check tan(a-b) against the miter_check
	 * by using the following formula:
	 *      If tan(a)=u1/v1 and tan(b)=u2/v2, then
	 *      tan(a-b) = (u1*v2 - u2*v1) / (u1*u2 + v1*v2).
	 *
	 * We can do all the computations unscaled,
	 * because we're only concerned with ratios.
	 * However, if we have a non-uniform coordinate
	 * system (indicated by pmat != 0), we must do the
	 * computations in user space.
	 */
	float check = pgs_lp->miter_check;
	double u1 = plp->vector.y, v1 = plp->vector.x;
	double u2 = -nplp->vector.y, v2 = -nplp->vector.x;
	double num, denom;
	int code;

	if (pmat) {
	    gs_point pt;

	    code = gs_distance_transform_inverse(v1, u1, pmat, &pt);
	    if (code < 0)
		return code;
	    v1 = pt.x, u1 = pt.y;
	    code = gs_distance_transform_inverse(v2, u2, pmat, &pt);
	    if (code < 0)
		return code;
	    v2 = pt.x, u2 = pt.y;
	    /*
	     * We need to recompute ccw according to the
	     * relative positions of the lines in user space.
	     * We repeat the computation described above,
	     * using the cdelta values instead of the widths.
	     * Because the definition of ccw above is inverted
	     * from the intuitive one (for historical reasons),
	     * we actually have to do the test backwards.
	     */
	    ccw0 = v1 * u2 < v2 * u1;
#ifdef DEBUG
	    {
		double a1 = atan2(u1, v1), a2 = atan2(u2, v2), dif = a1 - a2;

		if (dif < 0)
		    dif += 2 * M_PI;
		else if (dif >= 2 * M_PI)
		    dif -= 2 * M_PI;
		if (dif != 0 && (dif < M_PI) != ccw0)
		    lprintf8("ccw wrong: tan(a1=%g)=%g/%g, tan(a2=%g)=%g,%g, dif=%g, ccw=%d\n",
			     a1, u1, v1, a2, u2, v2, dif, ccw);
	    }
#endif
	}
	num = u1 * v2 - u2 * v1;
	denom = u1 * u2 + v1 * v2;
	/*
	 * We will want either tan(a-b) or tan(b-a)
	 * depending on the orientations of the lines.
	 * Fortunately we know the relative orientations already.
	 */
	if (!ccw0)		/* have plp - nplp, want vice versa */
	    num = -num;
#ifdef DEBUG
	if (gs_debug_c('O')) {
	    dlprintf4("[o]Miter check: u1/v1=%f/%f, u2/v2=%f/%f,\n",
		      u1, v1, u2, v2);
	    dlprintf3("        num=%f, denom=%f, check=%f\n",
		      num, denom, check);
	}
#endif
	/*
	 * If we define T = num / denom, then we want to use
	 * a miter join iff arctan(T) >= arctan(check).
	 * We know that both of these angles are in the 1st
	 * or 2nd quadrant, and since arctan is monotonic
	 * within each quadrant, we can do the comparisons
	 * on T and check directly, taking signs into account
	 * as follows:
	 *              sign(T) sign(check)     atan(T) >= atan(check)
	 *              ------- -----------     ----------------------
	 *              +       +               T >= check
	 *              -       +               true
	 *              +       -               false
	 *              -       -               T >= check
	 */
	if (num == 0 && denom == 0)
	    return_error(gs_error_unregistered); /* Must not happen. */
	if (denom < 0)
	    num = -num, denom = -denom;
	/* Now denom >= 0, so sign(num) = sign(T). */
	if (check > 0 ?
	    (num < 0 || num >= denom * check) :
	    (num < 0 && num >= denom * check)
	    ) {
	    /* OK to use a miter join. */
	    gs_fixed_point mpt;

	    if_debug0('O', "	... passes.\n");
	    /* Compute the intersection of */
	    /* the extended edge lines. */
	    if (line_intersect(outp, &plp->e.cdelta, np,
			       &nplp->o.cdelta, &mpt) == 0
		)
		ASSIGN_POINT(outp, mpt);
	}
    }
    return 4;
}
/* ---------------- Cap computations ---------------- */

/* Compute the endpoints of the two caps of a segment. */
/* Only o.p, e.p, width, and cdelta have been set. */
private void
compute_caps(pl_ptr plp)
{
    fixed wx2 = plp->width.x;
    fixed wy2 = plp->width.y;

    plp->o.co.x = plp->o.p.x + wx2, plp->o.co.y = plp->o.p.y + wy2;
    plp->o.cdelta.x = -plp->e.cdelta.x,
	plp->o.cdelta.y = -plp->e.cdelta.y;
    plp->o.ce.x = plp->o.p.x - wx2, plp->o.ce.y = plp->o.p.y - wy2;
    plp->e.co.x = plp->e.p.x - wx2, plp->e.co.y = plp->e.p.y - wy2;
    plp->e.ce.x = plp->e.p.x + wx2, plp->e.ce.y = plp->e.p.y + wy2;
#ifdef DEBUG
    if (gs_debug_c('O')) {
	dlprintf4("[o]Stroke o=(%f,%f) e=(%f,%f)\n",
		  fixed2float(plp->o.p.x), fixed2float(plp->o.p.y),
		  fixed2float(plp->e.p.x), fixed2float(plp->e.p.y));
	dlprintf4("\twxy=(%f,%f) lxy=(%f,%f)\n",
		  fixed2float(wx2), fixed2float(wy2),
		  fixed2float(plp->e.cdelta.x),
		  fixed2float(plp->e.cdelta.y));
    }
#endif
}

#define px endp->p.x
#define py endp->p.y
#define xo endp->co.x
#define yo endp->co.y
#define xe endp->ce.x
#define ye endp->ce.y
#define cdx endp->cdelta.x
#define cdy endp->cdelta.y

/* Add a round cap to a path. */
/* Assume the current point is the cap origin (endp->co). */
private int
add_round_cap(gx_path * ppath, const_ep_ptr endp)
{
    int code;

    /*
     * Per the Red Book, we draw a full circle, even though a semicircle
     * is sufficient for the join.
     */
    if ((code = gx_path_add_partial_arc(ppath, px + cdx, py + cdy,
					xo + cdx, yo + cdy,
					quarter_arc_fraction)) < 0 ||
	(code = gx_path_add_partial_arc(ppath, xe, ye, xe + cdx, ye + cdy,
					quarter_arc_fraction)) < 0 ||
	(code = gx_path_add_partial_arc(ppath, px - cdx, py - cdy,
					xe - cdx, ye - cdy,
					quarter_arc_fraction)) < 0 ||
	(code = gx_path_add_partial_arc(ppath, xo, yo, xo - cdx, yo - cdy,
					quarter_arc_fraction)) < 0 ||
	/* The final point must be (xe,ye). */
	(code = gx_path_add_line(ppath, xe, ye)) < 0
	)
	return code;
    vd_lineto(xe, ye);
    return 0;
}

/* Compute the points for a non-round cap. */
/* Return the number of points. */
private int
cap_points(gs_line_cap type, const_ep_ptr endp, gs_fixed_point *pts /*[3]*/)
{
#define PUT_POINT(i, px, py)\
  pts[i].x = (px), pts[i].y = (py)
    switch (type) {
	case gs_cap_butt:
	    PUT_POINT(0, xo, yo);
	    PUT_POINT(1, xe, ye);
	    return 2;
	case gs_cap_square:
	    PUT_POINT(0, xo + cdx, yo + cdy);
	    PUT_POINT(1, xe + cdx, ye + cdy);
	    return 2;
	case gs_cap_triangle:	/* (not supported by PostScript) */
	    PUT_POINT(0, xo, yo);
	    PUT_POINT(1, px + cdx, py + cdy);
	    PUT_POINT(2, xe, ye);
	    return 3;
	default:		/* can't happen */
	    return_error(gs_error_unregistered);
    }
#undef PUT_POINT
}