From e9b1a4d160f68397d29183ce76af1cc774508aba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "J. Bruce Fields" Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2008 00:13:35 -0800 Subject: Documentation: move dnotify.txt to filesystems/ I'm inclined to think dnotify belongs in filesystems/. Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields Acked-by: Randy Dunlap Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt | 99 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 99 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt (limited to 'Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt') diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..9f5d338ddbb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/dnotify.txt @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + Linux Directory Notification + ============================ + + Stephen Rothwell + +The intention of directory notification is to allow user applications +to be notified when a directory, or any of the files in it, are changed. +The basic mechanism involves the application registering for notification +on a directory using a fcntl(2) call and the notifications themselves +being delivered using signals. + +The application decides which "events" it wants to be notified about. +The currently defined events are: + + DN_ACCESS A file in the directory was accessed (read) + DN_MODIFY A file in the directory was modified (write,truncate) + DN_CREATE A file was created in the directory + DN_DELETE A file was unlinked from directory + DN_RENAME A file in the directory was renamed + DN_ATTRIB A file in the directory had its attributes + changed (chmod,chown) + +Usually, the application must reregister after each notification, but +if DN_MULTISHOT is or'ed with the event mask, then the registration will +remain until explicitly removed (by registering for no events). + +By default, SIGIO will be delivered to the process and no other useful +information. However, if the F_SETSIG fcntl(2) call is used to let the +kernel know which signal to deliver, a siginfo structure will be passed to +the signal handler and the si_fd member of that structure will contain the +file descriptor associated with the directory in which the event occurred. + +Preferably the application will choose one of the real time signals +(SIGRTMIN + ) so that the notifications may be queued. This is +especially important if DN_MULTISHOT is specified. Note that SIGRTMIN +is often blocked, so it is better to use (at least) SIGRTMIN + 1. + +Implementation expectations (features and bugs :-)) +--------------------------- + +The notification should work for any local access to files even if the +actual file system is on a remote server. This implies that remote +access to files served by local user mode servers should be notified. +Also, remote accesses to files served by a local kernel NFS server should +be notified. + +In order to make the impact on the file system code as small as possible, +the problem of hard links to files has been ignored. So if a file (x) +exists in two directories (a and b) then a change to the file using the +name "a/x" should be notified to a program expecting notifications on +directory "a", but will not be notified to one expecting notifications on +directory "b". + +Also, files that are unlinked, will still cause notifications in the +last directory that they were linked to. + +Configuration +------------- + +Dnotify is controlled via the CONFIG_DNOTIFY configuration option. When +disabled, fcntl(fd, F_NOTIFY, ...) will return -EINVAL. + +Example +------- + + #define _GNU_SOURCE /* needed to get the defines */ + #include /* in glibc 2.2 this has the needed + values defined */ + #include + #include + #include + + static volatile int event_fd; + + static void handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *data) + { + event_fd = si->si_fd; + } + + int main(void) + { + struct sigaction act; + int fd; + + act.sa_sigaction = handler; + sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask); + act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; + sigaction(SIGRTMIN + 1, &act, NULL); + + fd = open(".", O_RDONLY); + fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, SIGRTMIN + 1); + fcntl(fd, F_NOTIFY, DN_MODIFY|DN_CREATE|DN_MULTISHOT); + /* we will now be notified if any of the files + in "." is modified or new files are created */ + while (1) { + pause(); + printf("Got event on fd=%d\n", event_fd); + } + } -- cgit v1.2.3