#!/bin/sh #--------------------------------------------- # xdg-desktop-menu # # Utility script to install menu items on a Linux desktop. # Refer to the usage() function below for usage. # # Copyright 2006, Kevin Krammer # Copyright 2006, Jeremy White # # LICENSE: # # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a # copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), # to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation # the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, # and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the # Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: # # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included # in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. # # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS # OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL # THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR # OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, # ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR # OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. # #--------------------------------------------- manualpage() { cat << _MANUALPAGE Name xdg-desktop-menu — command line tool for (un)installing desktop menu items Synopsis xdg-desktop-menu install [--noupdate] [--vendor vendor-id] { --user | --system } { desktop-file | menu-file | directory-file } xdg-desktop-menu uninstall [--noupdate] [--vendor vendor-id] { --user | --system } { desktop-file | menu-file | directory-file } xdg-desktop-menu forceupdate { --user | --system } xdg-desktop-menu { --help | --manual | --version } Description The xdg-desktop-menu program can be used to install new items to the desktop's application menu. The application menu works according to the XDG Desktop Menu Specification at http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/menu-spec Commands install Install applications or submenus into the desktop menu system. desktop-file: Installs the *.desktop file indicated by desktop-file to the menu system. A desktop file represents a single application in the menu. Desktop files are defined by the freedesktop.org Desktop Entry Specification. The most important aspects of *.desktop files are summarized below. menu-file: Installs the *.menu file indicated by menu-file to the menu system. A menu file describes the location and contents for one or more new submenus. Each submenu must reference a *.directory file. directory-file: Installs the *.directory file indicated by directory-file to the menu system. A directory file provides the name and icon for a submenu. uninstall Remove applications or submenus from the desktop menu system previously installed with xdg-desktop-menu install. forceupdate Force an update of the menu system. This is only useful if the last call to xdg-desktop-menu included the --noupdate option. Options --noupdate Postpone updating the menu system. If multiple updates to the menu system are made in sequence this flag can be used to indicate that additional changes will follow and that it is not necassery to update the menu system right away. --vendor vendor-id Adds vendor-id as a prefix when installing desktop and directory files. --user Installs or uninstalls the file for the current user only. --system Installs or uninstalls the file for all users on the system. Usually only root is allowed to do this. --help Show command synopsis. --manual Show this manualpage. --version Show the xdg-utils version information. Desktop Files An application item in the application menu is represented by a *.desktop file. A *.desktop file consists of a [Desktop Entry] header followed by several Key= Value lines. A *.desktop file can provide a name and description for an application in several different languages. This is done by adding a language code as used by LC_MESSAGES in square brackets behind the Key. This way one can specify different values for the same Key depending on the currently selected language. The following keys are often used: Value=1.0 This is a mandatory field to indicate that the *.desktop file follows the 1.0 version of the specification. Type=Application This is a mandatory field that indicates that the *.desktop file describes an application launcher. Name=Application Name The name of the application. For example Mozilla GenericName=Generic Name A generic description of the application. For example Web Browser Comment=Comment Optional field to specify a tooltip for the application. For example Visit websites on the Internet Icon=Icon File The icon to use for the application. This can either be an absolute path to an image file or an icon-name. If an icon-name is provided an image lookup by name is done in the user's current icon theme. The xdg-icon-resource command can be used to install image files into icon themes. The advantage of using an icon-name instead of an absolute path is that with an icon-name the application icon can be provided in several different sizes as well as in several differently themed styles. Exec=Command Line The command line to start the application. If the application can open files the %f placeholder should be specified. When a file is dropped on the application launcher the %f is replaced with the file path of the dropped file. If multiple files can be specified on the command line the %F placeholder should be used instead of %f. If the application is able to open URLs in addition to local files then %u or %U can be used instead of %f or %F. Categories=Categories A list of categories separated by semi-colons. A category is a keyword that describes and classifies the application. By default applications are organized in the application menu based on category. The XDG Desktop Menu Specification defines a large number of predefined categories. MimeType=Mimetypes A list of mimetypes separated by semi-colons. This field is used to indicate which file types the application is able to open. For a complete oveview of the *.desktop file format please visit http:// www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Standards/desktop-entry-spec Environment Variables xdg-desktop-menu honours the following environment variables: XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL Setting this environment variable to a non-zero numerical value makes xdg-desktop-menu do more verbose reporting on stderr. Setting a higher value increases the verbosity. Exit Codes An exit code of 0 indicates success while a non-zero exit code indicates failure. The following failure codes can be returned: 1 Error in command line syntax. 2 One of the files passed on the command line did not exist. 3 A required tool could not be found. 4 The action failed. See Also xdg-desktop-icon(1), xdg-icon-resource(1), xdg-mime(1) Examples The company ShinyThings Inc. has developed an application named "WebMirror" and would like to add it to the application menu. The company will use "shinythings" as its vendor id. In order to add the application to the menu there needs to be a .desktop file with a suitable Categories entry: webmirror.desktop: [Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Type=Application Exec=webmirror Icon=webmirror Name=WebMirror Name[nl]=WebSpiegel Categories=Network;WebDevelopment; Now the xdg-desktop-menu tool can be used to add the webmirror.desktop file to the desktop application menu: xdg-desktop-menu install --system --vendor shinythings ./webmirror.desktop Note that for the purpose of this example the menu items are available in two languages, English and Dutch. The language code for Dutch is nl. In the next example the company ShinyThings Inc. wants to add its own submenu to the desktop application menu consisting of a "WebMirror" menu item and a "WebMirror Admin Tool" menu item. First the company needs to create two .desktop files that describe the two menu items, this time no Categories item is needed: webmirror.desktop: [Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Type=Application Exec=webmirror Icon=webmirror Name=WebMirror Name[nl]=WebSpiegel webmirror-admin.desktop: [Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Type=Application Exec=webmirror-admintool Icon=webmirror-admintool Name=WebMirror Admin Tool Name[nl]=WebSpiegel Administratie Tool The files can be installed with: xdg-desktop-menu install --system --noupdate --vendor shinythings ./webmirror.desktop xdg-desktop-menu install --system --noupdate --vendor shinythings ./webmirror-admin.desktop Because multiple items are added the --noupdate option has been used. In addition a .directory file needs to be created to provide a title and icon for the sub-menu itself: webmirror.directory: [Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Icon=webmirror-menu Name=WebMirror Name[nl]=WebSpiegel This webmirror.directory file can be installed with: xdg-desktop-menu install --system --noupdate --vendor shinythings ./webmirror.directory The *.desktop and *.directory files reference icons with the names webmirror, webmirror-admin and webmirror-menu which should also be installed. In this example the icons are installed in two different sizes, once with a size of 22x22 pixels and once with a size of 64x64 pixels: xdg-icon-resource install --system --size 22 ./wmicon-22.png webmirror.png xdg-icon-resource install --system --size 22 ./wmicon-menu-22.png webmirror-menu.png xdg-icon-resource install --system --size 22 ./wmicon-admin-22.png webmirror-admin.png xdg-icon-resource install --system --size 64 ./wmicon-64.png webmirror.png xdg-icon-resource install --system --size 64 ./wmicon-menu-64.png webmirror-menu.png xdg-icon-resource install --system --size 64 ./wmicon-admin-64.png webmirror-admin.png The last step is to provide a .menu file that links it all togther: webmirror.menu: Applications WebMirror shinythings-webmirror.directory shinythings-webmirror.desktop shinythings-webmirror-admin.desktop The webmirror.menu file can be installed with: xdg-desktop-menu install --system --noupdate --vendor shinythings ./webmirror.menu After installing multiple files with --noupdate make sure to force an update: xdg-desktop-menu forceupdate --system _MANUALPAGE } usage() { cat << _USAGE xdg-desktop-menu — command line tool for (un)installing desktop menu items Synopsis xdg-desktop-menu install [--noupdate] [--vendor vendor-id] { --user | --system } { desktop-file | menu-file | directory-file } xdg-desktop-menu uninstall [--noupdate] [--vendor vendor-id] { --user | --system } { desktop-file | menu-file | directory-file } xdg-desktop-menu forceupdate { --user | --system } xdg-desktop-menu { --help | --manual | --version } _USAGE } #@xdg-utils-common@ #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Common utility functions included in all XDG wrapper scripts #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- DEBUG() { [ ${XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL-0} -lt $1 ] && return 0; shift echo "$@" >&2 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on successfully completing the desired operation exit_success() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "$@" echo fi exit 0 } #----------------------------------------- # Exit script on malformed arguments, not enough arguments # or missing required option. # prints usage information exit_failure_syntax() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-desktop-menu: $@" >&2 echo "Try 'xdg-desktop-menu --help' for more information." >&2 else usage echo "Use 'man xdg-desktop-menu' or 'xdg-desktop-menu --manual' for additional info." fi exit 1 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on missing file specified on command line exit_failure_file_missing() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-desktop-menu: $@" >&2 fi exit 2 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on failure to locate necessary tool applications exit_failure_operation_impossible() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-desktop-menu: $@" >&2 fi exit 3 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on failure returned by a tool application exit_failure_operation_failed() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-desktop-menu: $@" >&2 fi exit 4 } #---------------------------------------- # Checks for shared commands, e.g. --help check_common_commands() { while [ $# -gt 0 ] ; do parm=$1 shift case $parm in --help) usage echo "Use 'man xdg-desktop-menu' or 'xdg-desktop-menu --manual' for additional info." exit_success ;; --manual) manualpage exit_success ;; --version) echo "xdg-desktop-menu 1.0beta1" exit_success ;; esac done } check_common_commands "$@" #-------------------------------------- # Checks for known desktop environments # set variable DE to the desktop environments name, lowercase detectDE() { if [ x"$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = x"true" ]; then DE=kde; elif [ x"$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" != x"" ]; then DE=gnome; elif xprop -root _DT_SAVE_MODE | grep ' = \"xfce4\"$' >/dev/null 2>&1; then DE=xfce; fi } #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- update_desktop_database() { # echo Update desktop database: $mode if [ "$mode" = "system" ] ; then for x in `echo $PATH | sed 's/:/ /g'` /opt/gnome/bin; do if [ -x $x/update-desktop-database ] ; then DEBUG 1 "Running $x/update-desktop-database" $x/update-desktop-database return fi done fi } [ x"$1" != x"" ] || exit_failure_syntax mode= action= update=yes desktop_file= case $1 in install) action=install ;; uninstall) action=uninstall ;; forceupdate) action=forceupdate ;; *) exit_failure_syntax "unknown command '$1'" ;; esac shift while [ $# -gt 0 ] ; do parm=$1 shift case $parm in --noupdate) update=no ;; --user) mode=user ;; --system) mode=system ;; --vendor) if [ -z "$1" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "vendor-id argument missing for --vendor" fi vendor=$1 shift ;; -*) exit_failure_syntax "unexpected option '$parm'" ;; *) if [ -n "$desktop_file" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "unexpected argument '$parm'" fi if [ "$action" = "install" ] ; then if [ ! -f "$parm" ] ; then exit_failure_file_missing "file '$parm' does not exist" fi fi desktop_file=$parm ;; esac done # Shouldn't happen if [ -z "$action" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "command argument missing" fi if [ -z "$mode" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "expected --user or --system option" fi if [ x"$action" = x"forceupdate" ] ; then update_desktop_database exit_success fi if [ -z "$desktop_file" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "file argument missing" fi filetype= xdg_dir_name= case $desktop_file in *.desktop) filetype=desktop xdg_dir_name=applications ;; *.directory) fileype=directory xdg_dir_name=desktop-directories ;; *.menu) filetype=menu xdg_dir_name=menus/applications-merged ;; *) exit_failure_syntax "file to $action must be a *.desktop, *.directory or *.menu file" ;; esac if [ x"$filetype" = x"menu" ] ; then xdg_user_dir=$XDG_CONFIG_HOME [ -n "$xdg_user_dir" ] || xdg_user_dir=$HOME/.config xdg_user_dir=$xdg_user_dir/$xdg_dir_name xdg_system_dirs=$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS [ -n "$xdg_system_dirs" ] || xdg_system_dirs=/etc/xdg for x in `echo $xdg_system_dirs | sed 's/:/ /g'` ; do if [ -w $x/$xdg_dir_name ] ; then xdg_global_dir=$x/$xdg_dir_name break fi done [ -w $xdg_global_dir ] || xdg_global_dir= else xdg_user_dir=$XDG_DATA_HOME [ -n "$xdg_user_dir" ] || xdg_user_dir=$HOME/.local/share xdg_user_dir=$xdg_user_dir/$xdg_dir_name xdg_system_dirs=$XDG_DATA_DIRS [ -n "$xdg_system_dirs" ] || xdg_system_dirs=/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/ for x in `echo $xdg_system_dirs | sed 's/:/ /g'` ; do if [ -w $x/$xdg_dir_name ] ; then xdg_global_dir=$x/$xdg_dir_name break fi done [ -w $xdg_global_dir ] || xdg_global_dir= if [ x"$filetype" = x"desktop" ] ; then kde_user_dir=$HOME/.kde/share/applnk kde_global_dir=/usr/share/applnk [ -w $kde_global_dir ] || kde_global_dir= gnome_user_dir=$HOME/.gnome/apps gnome_global_dir=/usr/share/gnome/apps [ -w $gnome_global_dir ] || gnome_global_dir= fi fi DEBUG 3 "xdg_user_dir: $xdg_user_dir" DEBUG 3 "xdg_global_dir: $xdg_global_dir" DEBUG 3 "kde_user_dir: $kde_user_dir" DEBUG 3 "kde_global_dir: $kde_global_dir" DEBUG 3 "gnome_user_dir: $gnome_user_dir" DEBUG 3 "gnome_global_dir: $gnome_global_dir" if [ x"$mode" = x"user" ] ; then xdg_dir=$xdg_user_dir kde_dir=$kde_user_dir gnome_dir=$gnome_user_dir my_umask=077 else xdg_dir=$xdg_global_dir kde_dir=$kde_global_dir gnome_dir=$gnome_global_dir my_umask=022 if [ -z "${xdg_dir}${kde_dir}${gnome_dir}" ] ; then [ `whoami` = "root" ] || rootmsg="Try as root or use --user." exit_failure_operation_impossible "No writable system menu directory found. $rootmsg" fi fi # echo "[xdg|$xdg_user_dir|$xdg_global_dir]" # echo "[kde|$kde_user_dir|$kde_global_dir]" # echo "[gnome|$gnome_user_dir|$gnome_global_dir]" # echo "[using|$xdg_dir|$kde_dir|$gnome_dir]" basefile=`basename $desktop_file` [ -z $vendor ] || basefile=$vendor-$basefile DEBUG 1 "$action $desktop_file in $xdg_dir $kde_dir $gnome_dir" case $action in install) save_umask=`umask` umask $my_umask for x in $xdg_dir $kde_dir $gnome_dir ; do mkdir -p $x cp $desktop_file $x/$basefile done if [ -f $kde_dir/$basefile ] ; then echo "OnlyShowIn=Old;" >> $kde_dir/$basefile fi if [ -f $gnome_dir/$basefile ] ; then echo "OnlyShowIn=Old;" >> $gnome_dir/$basefile fi umask $save_umask ;; uninstall) for x in $xdg_dir $kde_dir $gnome_dir ; do rm -f $x/$basefile done ;; esac if [ x"$update" = x"yes" ] ; then update_desktop_database fi exit_success