Merge remote-tracking branch 'drm/drm-next' into drm-tip

65 files changed, 2444 insertions, 1457 deletions

diff --git a/fs/btrfs/Kconfig b/fs/btrfs/Kconfig
index 4fb925e8c981..fa8515598341 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/Kconfig
+++ b/fs/btrfs/Kconfig
@@ -78,6 +78,32 @@ config BTRFS_ASSERT
 
 	  If unsure, say N.
 
+config BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
+	bool "Btrfs experimental features"
+	depends on BTRFS_FS
+	default n
+	help
+	  Enable experimental features.  These features may not be stable enough
+	  for end users.  This is meant for btrfs developers or users who wish
+	  to test the functionality and report problems.
+
+	  Current list:
+
+	  - extent map shrinker - performance problems with too frequent shrinks
+
+	  - send stream protocol v3 - fs-verity support
+
+	  - checksum offload mode - sysfs knob to affect when checksums are
+	                            calculated (at IO time, or in a thread)
+
+	  - raid-stripe-tree - additional mapping of extents to devices to
+			       support RAID1* profiles on zoned devices,
+			       RAID56 not yet supported
+
+	  - extent tree v2 - complex rework of extent tracking
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
 config BTRFS_FS_REF_VERIFY
 	bool "Btrfs with the ref verify tool compiled in"
 	depends on BTRFS_FS
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/Makefile b/fs/btrfs/Makefile
index 87617f2968bc..3cfc440c636c 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/btrfs/Makefile
@@ -43,4 +43,5 @@ btrfs-$(CONFIG_FS_VERITY) += verity.o
 btrfs-$(CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_RUN_SANITY_TESTS) += tests/free-space-tests.o \
 	tests/extent-buffer-tests.o tests/btrfs-tests.o \
 	tests/extent-io-tests.o tests/inode-tests.o tests/qgroup-tests.o \
-	tests/free-space-tree-tests.o tests/extent-map-tests.o
+	tests/free-space-tree-tests.o tests/extent-map-tests.o \
+	tests/raid-stripe-tree-tests.o
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/backref.c b/fs/btrfs/backref.c
index f8e1d5b2c512..04f53ca548e1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/backref.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/backref.c
@@ -1442,7 +1442,8 @@ again:
 		 */
 		delayed_refs = &ctx->trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 		spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-		head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, ctx->bytenr);
+		head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(ctx->fs_info, delayed_refs,
+						   ctx->bytenr);
 		if (head) {
 			if (!mutex_trylock(&head->mutex)) {
 				refcount_inc(&head->refs);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/bio.c b/fs/btrfs/bio.c
index 7e0f9600b80c..1f216d07eff6 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/bio.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/bio.c
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ static bool should_async_write(struct btrfs_bio *bbio)
 {
 	bool auto_csum_mode = true;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 	struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices = bbio->fs_info->fs_devices;
 	enum btrfs_offload_csum_mode csum_mode = READ_ONCE(fs_devices->offload_csum_mode);
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/block-group.c b/fs/btrfs/block-group.c
index 4423d8b716a5..4427c1b835e8 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/block-group.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/block-group.c
@@ -2797,7 +2797,7 @@ next:
 		 * uncompressed data size, because the compression is only done
 		 * when writeback triggered and we don't know how much space we
 		 * are actually going to need, so we reserve the uncompressed
-		 * size because the data may be uncompressible in the worst case.
+		 * size because the data may be incompressible in the worst case.
 		 */
 		if (ret == 0) {
 			bool used;
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/btrfs_inode.h b/fs/btrfs/btrfs_inode.h
index e152fde888fc..aa1f55cd81b7 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/btrfs_inode.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/btrfs_inode.h
@@ -577,7 +577,6 @@ void btrfs_merge_delalloc_extent(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct extent_state
 				 struct extent_state *other);
 void btrfs_split_delalloc_extent(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 				 struct extent_state *orig, u64 split);
-void btrfs_set_range_writeback(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end);
 void btrfs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode);
 struct inode *btrfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb);
 void btrfs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode);
@@ -613,11 +612,17 @@ int btrfs_writepage_cow_fixup(struct folio *folio);
 int btrfs_encoded_io_compression_from_extent(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 					     int compress_type);
 int btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
-					  u64 file_offset, u64 disk_bytenr,
-					  u64 disk_io_size,
-					  struct page **pages);
+					  u64 disk_bytenr, u64 disk_io_size,
+					  struct page **pages, void *uring_ctx);
 ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
-			   struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args *encoded);
+			   struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args *encoded,
+			   struct extent_state **cached_state,
+			   u64 *disk_bytenr, u64 *disk_io_size);
+ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read_regular(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
+				   u64 start, u64 lockend,
+				   struct extent_state **cached_state,
+				   u64 disk_bytenr, u64 disk_io_size,
+				   size_t count, bool compressed, bool *unlocked);
 ssize_t btrfs_do_encoded_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 			       const struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args *encoded);
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/compression.c b/fs/btrfs/compression.c
index 90aef2627ca2..0c4d486c3048 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/compression.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/compression.c
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ static noinline int add_ra_bio_pages(struct inode *inode,
 		if (pg_index > end_index)
 			break;
 
-		folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, pg_index, 0, 0);
+		folio = filemap_get_folio(mapping, pg_index);
 		if (!IS_ERR(folio)) {
 			u64 folio_sz = folio_size(folio);
 			u64 offset = offset_in_folio(folio, cur);
@@ -545,8 +545,7 @@ static noinline int add_ra_bio_pages(struct inode *inode,
 		 * subpage::readers and to unlock the page.
 		 */
 		if (fs_info->sectorsize < PAGE_SIZE)
-			btrfs_subpage_start_reader(fs_info, folio, cur,
-						   add_size);
+			btrfs_folio_set_lock(fs_info, folio, cur, add_size);
 		folio_put(folio);
 		cur += add_size;
 	}
@@ -702,7 +701,7 @@ static void free_heuristic_ws(struct list_head *ws)
 	kfree(workspace);
 }
 
-static struct list_head *alloc_heuristic_ws(unsigned int level)
+static struct list_head *alloc_heuristic_ws(void)
 {
 	struct heuristic_ws *ws;
 
@@ -744,9 +743,9 @@ static const struct btrfs_compress_op * const btrfs_compress_op[] = {
 static struct list_head *alloc_workspace(int type, unsigned int level)
 {
 	switch (type) {
-	case BTRFS_COMPRESS_NONE: return alloc_heuristic_ws(level);
+	case BTRFS_COMPRESS_NONE: return alloc_heuristic_ws();
 	case BTRFS_COMPRESS_ZLIB: return zlib_alloc_workspace(level);
-	case BTRFS_COMPRESS_LZO:  return lzo_alloc_workspace(level);
+	case BTRFS_COMPRESS_LZO:  return lzo_alloc_workspace();
 	case BTRFS_COMPRESS_ZSTD: return zstd_alloc_workspace(level);
 	default:
 		/*
@@ -1030,6 +1029,7 @@ int btrfs_compress_folios(unsigned int type_level, struct address_space *mapping
 {
 	int type = btrfs_compress_type(type_level);
 	int level = btrfs_compress_level(type_level);
+	const unsigned long orig_len = *total_out;
 	struct list_head *workspace;
 	int ret;
 
@@ -1037,6 +1037,8 @@ int btrfs_compress_folios(unsigned int type_level, struct address_space *mapping
 	workspace = get_workspace(type, level);
 	ret = compression_compress_pages(type, workspace, mapping, start, folios,
 					 out_folios, total_in, total_out);
+	/* The total read-in bytes should be no larger than the input. */
+	ASSERT(*total_in <= orig_len);
 	put_workspace(type, workspace);
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/compression.h b/fs/btrfs/compression.h
index b6563b6a333e..954034086d0d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/compression.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/compression.h
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ int lzo_decompress_bio(struct list_head *ws, struct compressed_bio *cb);
 int lzo_decompress(struct list_head *ws, const u8 *data_in,
 		struct folio *dest_folio, unsigned long dest_pgoff, size_t srclen,
 		size_t destlen);
-struct list_head *lzo_alloc_workspace(unsigned int level);
+struct list_head *lzo_alloc_workspace(void);
 void lzo_free_workspace(struct list_head *ws);
 
 int zstd_compress_folios(struct list_head *ws, struct address_space *mapping,
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ctree.c b/fs/btrfs/ctree.c
index 0cc919d15b14..148648ea1c8b 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/ctree.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/ctree.c
@@ -1508,26 +1508,26 @@ static noinline void unlock_up(struct btrfs_path *path, int level,
  */
 static int
 read_block_for_search(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *p,
-		      struct extent_buffer **eb_ret, int level, int slot,
+		      struct extent_buffer **eb_ret, int slot,
 		      const struct btrfs_key *key)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_tree_parent_check check = { 0 };
 	u64 blocknr;
-	u64 gen;
-	struct extent_buffer *tmp;
-	int ret;
+	struct extent_buffer *tmp = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
 	int parent_level;
-	bool unlock_up;
+	int err;
+	bool read_tmp = false;
+	bool tmp_locked = false;
+	bool path_released = false;
 
-	unlock_up = ((level + 1 < BTRFS_MAX_LEVEL) && p->locks[level + 1]);
 	blocknr = btrfs_node_blockptr(*eb_ret, slot);
-	gen = btrfs_node_ptr_generation(*eb_ret, slot);
 	parent_level = btrfs_header_level(*eb_ret);
 	btrfs_node_key_to_cpu(*eb_ret, &check.first_key, slot);
 	check.has_first_key = true;
 	check.level = parent_level - 1;
-	check.transid = gen;
+	check.transid = btrfs_node_ptr_generation(*eb_ret, slot);
 	check.owner_root = btrfs_root_id(root);
 
 	/*
@@ -1540,79 +1540,115 @@ read_block_for_search(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *p,
 	tmp = find_extent_buffer(fs_info, blocknr);
 	if (tmp) {
 		if (p->reada == READA_FORWARD_ALWAYS)
-			reada_for_search(fs_info, p, level, slot, key->objectid);
+			reada_for_search(fs_info, p, parent_level, slot, key->objectid);
 
 		/* first we do an atomic uptodate check */
-		if (btrfs_buffer_uptodate(tmp, gen, 1) > 0) {
+		if (btrfs_buffer_uptodate(tmp, check.transid, 1) > 0) {
 			/*
 			 * Do extra check for first_key, eb can be stale due to
 			 * being cached, read from scrub, or have multiple
 			 * parents (shared tree blocks).
 			 */
-			if (btrfs_verify_level_key(tmp,
-					parent_level - 1, &check.first_key, gen)) {
-				free_extent_buffer(tmp);
-				return -EUCLEAN;
+			if (btrfs_verify_level_key(tmp, &check)) {
+				ret = -EUCLEAN;
+				goto out;
 			}
 			*eb_ret = tmp;
-			return 0;
+			tmp = NULL;
+			ret = 0;
+			goto out;
 		}
 
 		if (p->nowait) {
-			free_extent_buffer(tmp);
-			return -EAGAIN;
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+			goto out;
 		}
 
-		if (unlock_up)
-			btrfs_unlock_up_safe(p, level + 1);
-
-		/* now we're allowed to do a blocking uptodate check */
-		ret = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(tmp, &check);
-		if (ret) {
-			free_extent_buffer(tmp);
+		if (!p->skip_locking) {
+			btrfs_unlock_up_safe(p, parent_level + 1);
+			tmp_locked = true;
+			btrfs_tree_read_lock(tmp);
 			btrfs_release_path(p);
-			return ret;
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+			path_released = true;
 		}
 
-		if (unlock_up)
-			ret = -EAGAIN;
+		/* Now we're allowed to do a blocking uptodate check. */
+		err = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(tmp, &check);
+		if (err) {
+			ret = err;
+			goto out;
+		}
 
+		if (ret == 0) {
+			ASSERT(!tmp_locked);
+			*eb_ret = tmp;
+			tmp = NULL;
+		}
 		goto out;
 	} else if (p->nowait) {
-		return -EAGAIN;
+		ret = -EAGAIN;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
-	if (unlock_up) {
-		btrfs_unlock_up_safe(p, level + 1);
+	if (!p->skip_locking) {
+		btrfs_unlock_up_safe(p, parent_level + 1);
 		ret = -EAGAIN;
-	} else {
-		ret = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (p->reada != READA_NONE)
-		reada_for_search(fs_info, p, level, slot, key->objectid);
+		reada_for_search(fs_info, p, parent_level, slot, key->objectid);
 
-	tmp = read_tree_block(fs_info, blocknr, &check);
+	tmp = btrfs_find_create_tree_block(fs_info, blocknr, check.owner_root, check.level);
 	if (IS_ERR(tmp)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(tmp);
+		tmp = NULL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	read_tmp = true;
+
+	if (!p->skip_locking) {
+		ASSERT(ret == -EAGAIN);
+		tmp_locked = true;
+		btrfs_tree_read_lock(tmp);
 		btrfs_release_path(p);
-		return PTR_ERR(tmp);
+		path_released = true;
+	}
+
+	/* Now we're allowed to do a blocking uptodate check. */
+	err = btrfs_read_extent_buffer(tmp, &check);
+	if (err) {
+		ret = err;
+		goto out;
 	}
+
 	/*
 	 * If the read above didn't mark this buffer up to date,
 	 * it will never end up being up to date.  Set ret to EIO now
 	 * and give up so that our caller doesn't loop forever
 	 * on our EAGAINs.
 	 */
-	if (!extent_buffer_uptodate(tmp))
+	if (!extent_buffer_uptodate(tmp)) {
 		ret = -EIO;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
-out:
 	if (ret == 0) {
+		ASSERT(!tmp_locked);
 		*eb_ret = tmp;
-	} else {
-		free_extent_buffer(tmp);
-		btrfs_release_path(p);
+		tmp = NULL;
+	}
+out:
+	if (tmp) {
+		if (tmp_locked)
+			btrfs_tree_read_unlock(tmp);
+		if (read_tmp && ret && ret != -EAGAIN)
+			free_extent_buffer_stale(tmp);
+		else
+			free_extent_buffer(tmp);
 	}
+	if (ret && !path_released)
+		btrfs_release_path(p);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -2197,8 +2233,8 @@ cow_done:
 			goto done;
 		}
 
-		err = read_block_for_search(root, p, &b, level, slot, key);
-		if (err == -EAGAIN)
+		err = read_block_for_search(root, p, &b, slot, key);
+		if (err == -EAGAIN && !p->nowait)
 			goto again;
 		if (err) {
 			ret = err;
@@ -2324,8 +2360,8 @@ again:
 			goto done;
 		}
 
-		err = read_block_for_search(root, p, &b, level, slot, key);
-		if (err == -EAGAIN)
+		err = read_block_for_search(root, p, &b, slot, key);
+		if (err == -EAGAIN && !p->nowait)
 			goto again;
 		if (err) {
 			ret = err;
@@ -2334,7 +2370,7 @@ again:
 
 		level = btrfs_header_level(b);
 		btrfs_tree_read_lock(b);
-		b = btrfs_tree_mod_log_rewind(fs_info, p, b, time_seq);
+		b = btrfs_tree_mod_log_rewind(fs_info, b, time_seq);
 		if (!b) {
 			ret = -ENOMEM;
 			goto done;
@@ -4930,8 +4966,7 @@ again:
 		}
 
 		next = c;
-		ret = read_block_for_search(root, path, &next, level,
-					    slot, &key);
+		ret = read_block_for_search(root, path, &next, slot, &key);
 		if (ret == -EAGAIN && !path->nowait)
 			goto again;
 
@@ -4974,8 +5009,7 @@ again:
 		if (!level)
 			break;
 
-		ret = read_block_for_search(root, path, &next, level,
-					    0, &key);
+		ret = read_block_for_search(root, path, &next, 0, &key);
 		if (ret == -EAGAIN && !path->nowait)
 			goto again;
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ctree.h b/fs/btrfs/ctree.h
index 317a3712270f..307dedf95c70 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/ctree.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/ctree.h
@@ -744,16 +744,11 @@ const char *btrfs_super_csum_driver(u16 csum_type);
 size_t __attribute_const__ btrfs_get_num_csums(void);
 
 /*
- * We use page status Private2 to indicate there is an ordered extent with
+ * We use folio flag owner_2 to indicate there is an ordered extent with
  * unfinished IO.
- *
- * Rename the Private2 accessors to Ordered, to improve readability.
  */
-#define PageOrdered(page)		PagePrivate2(page)
-#define SetPageOrdered(page)		SetPagePrivate2(page)
-#define ClearPageOrdered(page)		ClearPagePrivate2(page)
-#define folio_test_ordered(folio)	folio_test_private_2(folio)
-#define folio_set_ordered(folio)	folio_set_private_2(folio)
-#define folio_clear_ordered(folio)	folio_clear_private_2(folio)
+#define folio_test_ordered(folio)	folio_test_owner_2(folio)
+#define folio_set_ordered(folio)	folio_set_owner_2(folio)
+#define folio_clear_ordered(folio)	folio_clear_owner_2(folio)
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.h b/fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.h
index 7cfefdfe54ea..f4d9feac0d0e 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.h
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ struct btrfs_delayed_node {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	struct btrfs_inode_item inode_item;
 	refcount_t refs;
+	int count;
 	u64 index_cnt;
 	unsigned long flags;
-	int count;
 	/*
 	 * The size of the next batch of dir index items to insert (if this
 	 * node is from a directory inode). Protected by @mutex.
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.c b/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.c
index cab94d141f66..0d878dbbabba 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "messages.h"
 #include "ctree.h"
 #include "delayed-ref.h"
+#include "extent-tree.h"
 #include "transaction.h"
 #include "qgroup.h"
 #include "space-info.h"
@@ -313,39 +314,6 @@ static int comp_refs(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *ref1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* insert a new ref to head ref rbtree */
-static struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *htree_insert(struct rb_root_cached *root,
-						   struct rb_node *node)
-{
-	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_root.rb_node;
-	struct rb_node *parent_node = NULL;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *entry;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *ins;
-	u64 bytenr;
-	bool leftmost = true;
-
-	ins = rb_entry(node, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head, href_node);
-	bytenr = ins->bytenr;
-	while (*p) {
-		parent_node = *p;
-		entry = rb_entry(parent_node, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head,
-				 href_node);
-
-		if (bytenr < entry->bytenr) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
-		} else if (bytenr > entry->bytenr) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
-			leftmost = false;
-		} else {
-			return entry;
-		}
-	}
-
-	rb_link_node(node, parent_node, p);
-	rb_insert_color_cached(node, root, leftmost);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 static struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node* tree_insert(struct rb_root_cached *root,
 		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *ins)
 {
@@ -380,75 +348,32 @@ static struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node* tree_insert(struct rb_root_cached *root,
 static struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *find_first_ref_head(
 		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *dr)
 {
-	struct rb_node *n;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *entry;
+	unsigned long from = 0;
 
-	n = rb_first_cached(&dr->href_root);
-	if (!n)
-		return NULL;
+	lockdep_assert_held(&dr->lock);
 
-	entry = rb_entry(n, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head, href_node);
-
-	return entry;
+	return xa_find(&dr->head_refs, &from, ULONG_MAX, XA_PRESENT);
 }
 
-/*
- * Find a head entry based on bytenr. This returns the delayed ref head if it
- * was able to find one, or NULL if nothing was in that spot.  If return_bigger
- * is given, the next bigger entry is returned if no exact match is found.
- */
-static struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *find_ref_head(
-		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *dr, u64 bytenr,
-		bool return_bigger)
-{
-	struct rb_root *root = &dr->href_root.rb_root;
-	struct rb_node *n;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *entry;
-
-	n = root->rb_node;
-	entry = NULL;
-	while (n) {
-		entry = rb_entry(n, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head, href_node);
-
-		if (bytenr < entry->bytenr)
-			n = n->rb_left;
-		else if (bytenr > entry->bytenr)
-			n = n->rb_right;
-		else
-			return entry;
-	}
-	if (entry && return_bigger) {
-		if (bytenr > entry->bytenr) {
-			n = rb_next(&entry->href_node);
-			if (!n)
-				return NULL;
-			entry = rb_entry(n, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head,
-					 href_node);
-		}
-		return entry;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
-			   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
+static bool btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+				   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
 {
 	lockdep_assert_held(&delayed_refs->lock);
 	if (mutex_trylock(&head->mutex))
-		return 0;
+		return true;
 
 	refcount_inc(&head->refs);
 	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 
 	mutex_lock(&head->mutex);
 	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	if (RB_EMPTY_NODE(&head->href_node)) {
+	if (!head->tracked) {
 		mutex_unlock(&head->mutex);
 		btrfs_put_delayed_ref_head(head);
-		return -EAGAIN;
+		return false;
 	}
 	btrfs_put_delayed_ref_head(head);
-	return 0;
+	return true;
 }
 
 static inline void drop_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
@@ -462,7 +387,6 @@ static inline void drop_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	if (!list_empty(&ref->add_list))
 		list_del(&ref->add_list);
 	btrfs_put_delayed_ref(ref);
-	atomic_dec(&delayed_refs->num_entries);
 	btrfs_delayed_refs_rsv_release(fs_info, 1, 0);
 }
 
@@ -558,33 +482,31 @@ int btrfs_check_delayed_seq(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 seq)
 }
 
 struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *btrfs_select_ref_head(
+		const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs)
 {
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head;
+	unsigned long start_index;
+	unsigned long found_index;
+	bool found_head = false;
+	bool locked;
 
-	lockdep_assert_held(&delayed_refs->lock);
+	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 again:
-	head = find_ref_head(delayed_refs, delayed_refs->run_delayed_start,
-			     true);
-	if (!head && delayed_refs->run_delayed_start != 0) {
-		delayed_refs->run_delayed_start = 0;
-		head = find_first_ref_head(delayed_refs);
+	start_index = (delayed_refs->run_delayed_start >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+	xa_for_each_start(&delayed_refs->head_refs, found_index, head, start_index) {
+		if (!head->processing) {
+			found_head = true;
+			break;
+		}
 	}
-	if (!head)
-		return NULL;
-
-	while (head->processing) {
-		struct rb_node *node;
-
-		node = rb_next(&head->href_node);
-		if (!node) {
-			if (delayed_refs->run_delayed_start == 0)
-				return NULL;
-			delayed_refs->run_delayed_start = 0;
-			goto again;
+	if (!found_head) {
+		if (delayed_refs->run_delayed_start == 0) {
+			spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+			return NULL;
 		}
-		head = rb_entry(node, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head,
-				href_node);
+		delayed_refs->run_delayed_start = 0;
+		goto again;
 	}
 
 	head->processing = true;
@@ -592,18 +514,42 @@ again:
 	delayed_refs->num_heads_ready--;
 	delayed_refs->run_delayed_start = head->bytenr +
 		head->num_bytes;
+
+	locked = btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(delayed_refs, head);
+	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * We may have dropped the spin lock to get the head mutex lock, and
+	 * that might have given someone else time to free the head.  If that's
+	 * true, it has been removed from our list and we can move on.
+	 */
+	if (!locked)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN);
+
 	return head;
 }
 
-void btrfs_delete_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+void btrfs_unselect_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+			     struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
+{
+	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+	head->processing = false;
+	delayed_refs->num_heads_ready++;
+	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+	btrfs_delayed_ref_unlock(head);
+}
+
+void btrfs_delete_ref_head(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
 			   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
 {
+	const unsigned long index = (head->bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+
 	lockdep_assert_held(&delayed_refs->lock);
 	lockdep_assert_held(&head->lock);
 
-	rb_erase_cached(&head->href_node, &delayed_refs->href_root);
-	RB_CLEAR_NODE(&head->href_node);
-	atomic_dec(&delayed_refs->num_entries);
+	xa_erase(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index);
+	head->tracked = false;
 	delayed_refs->num_heads--;
 	if (!head->processing)
 		delayed_refs->num_heads_ready--;
@@ -629,7 +575,6 @@ static bool insert_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	if (!exist) {
 		if (ref->action == BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_REF)
 			list_add_tail(&ref->add_list, &href->ref_add_list);
-		atomic_inc(&root->num_entries);
 		spin_unlock(&href->lock);
 		trans->delayed_ref_updates++;
 		return false;
@@ -813,7 +758,7 @@ static void init_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head_ref,
 	head_ref->is_system = (generic_ref->ref_root == BTRFS_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTID);
 	head_ref->ref_tree = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&head_ref->ref_add_list);
-	RB_CLEAR_NODE(&head_ref->href_node);
+	head_ref->tracked = false;
 	head_ref->processing = false;
 	head_ref->total_ref_mod = count_mod;
 	spin_lock_init(&head_ref->lock);
@@ -830,7 +775,6 @@ static void init_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head_ref,
 			qrecord->data_rsv = reserved;
 			qrecord->data_rsv_refroot = generic_ref->ref_root;
 		}
-		qrecord->bytenr = generic_ref->bytenr;
 		qrecord->num_bytes = generic_ref->num_bytes;
 		qrecord->old_roots = NULL;
 	}
@@ -852,19 +796,33 @@ add_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *existing;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs;
+	const unsigned long index = (head_ref->bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
 	bool qrecord_inserted = false;
 
 	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
+	lockdep_assert_held(&delayed_refs->lock);
+
+#if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
+	if (head_ref->bytenr >= MAX_LFS_FILESIZE) {
+		if (qrecord)
+			xa_release(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index);
+		btrfs_err_rl(fs_info,
+"delayed ref head %llu is beyond 32bit page cache and xarray index limit",
+			     head_ref->bytenr);
+		btrfs_err_32bit_limit(fs_info);
+		return ERR_PTR(-EOVERFLOW);
+	}
+#endif
 
 	/* Record qgroup extent info if provided */
 	if (qrecord) {
 		int ret;
 
-		ret = btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(fs_info, delayed_refs, qrecord);
+		ret = btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(fs_info, delayed_refs, qrecord,
+						       head_ref->bytenr);
 		if (ret) {
 			/* Clean up if insertion fails or item exists. */
-			xa_release(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents,
-				   qrecord->bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+			xa_release(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index);
 			/* Caller responsible for freeing qrecord on error. */
 			if (ret < 0)
 				return ERR_PTR(ret);
@@ -876,8 +834,7 @@ add_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 	trace_add_delayed_ref_head(fs_info, head_ref, action);
 
-	existing = htree_insert(&delayed_refs->href_root,
-				&head_ref->href_node);
+	existing = xa_load(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index);
 	if (existing) {
 		update_existing_head_ref(trans, existing, head_ref);
 		/*
@@ -887,6 +844,19 @@ add_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_delayed_ref_head_cachep, head_ref);
 		head_ref = existing;
 	} else {
+		existing = xa_store(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index, head_ref, GFP_ATOMIC);
+		if (xa_is_err(existing)) {
+			/* Memory was preallocated by the caller. */
+			ASSERT(xa_err(existing) != -ENOMEM);
+			return ERR_PTR(xa_err(existing));
+		} else if (WARN_ON(existing)) {
+			/*
+			 * Shouldn't happen we just did a lookup before under
+			 * delayed_refs->lock.
+			 */
+			return ERR_PTR(-EEXIST);
+		}
+		head_ref->tracked = true;
 		/*
 		 * We reserve the amount of bytes needed to delete csums when
 		 * adding the ref head and not when adding individual drop refs
@@ -900,7 +870,6 @@ add_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		}
 		delayed_refs->num_heads++;
 		delayed_refs->num_heads_ready++;
-		atomic_inc(&delayed_refs->num_entries);
 	}
 	if (qrecord_inserted_ret)
 		*qrecord_inserted_ret = qrecord_inserted;
@@ -1008,6 +977,8 @@ static int add_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *new_head_ref;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs;
 	struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *record = NULL;
+	const unsigned long index = (generic_ref->bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+	bool qrecord_reserved = false;
 	bool qrecord_inserted;
 	int action = generic_ref->action;
 	bool merged;
@@ -1023,25 +994,32 @@ static int add_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		goto free_node;
 	}
 
+	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
+
 	if (btrfs_qgroup_full_accounting(fs_info) && !generic_ref->skip_qgroup) {
 		record = kzalloc(sizeof(*record), GFP_NOFS);
 		if (!record) {
 			ret = -ENOMEM;
 			goto free_head_ref;
 		}
-		if (xa_reserve(&trans->transaction->delayed_refs.dirty_extents,
-			       generic_ref->bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits,
-			       GFP_NOFS)) {
+		if (xa_reserve(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index, GFP_NOFS)) {
 			ret = -ENOMEM;
 			goto free_record;
 		}
+		qrecord_reserved = true;
+	}
+
+	ret = xa_reserve(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (ret) {
+		if (qrecord_reserved)
+			xa_release(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index);
+		goto free_record;
 	}
 
 	init_delayed_ref_common(fs_info, node, generic_ref);
 	init_delayed_ref_head(head_ref, generic_ref, record, reserved);
 	head_ref->extent_op = extent_op;
 
-	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 
 	/*
@@ -1051,6 +1029,7 @@ static int add_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	new_head_ref = add_delayed_ref_head(trans, head_ref, record,
 					    action, &qrecord_inserted);
 	if (IS_ERR(new_head_ref)) {
+		xa_release(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index);
 		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 		ret = PTR_ERR(new_head_ref);
 		goto free_record;
@@ -1074,7 +1053,7 @@ static int add_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_delayed_ref_node_cachep, node);
 
 	if (qrecord_inserted)
-		return btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(trans, record);
+		return btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(trans, record, generic_ref->bytenr);
 	return 0;
 
 free_record:
@@ -1113,6 +1092,7 @@ int btrfs_add_delayed_extent_op(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 				u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes, u8 level,
 				struct btrfs_delayed_extent_op *extent_op)
 {
+	const unsigned long index = (bytenr >> trans->fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head_ref;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head_ref_ret;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs;
@@ -1123,6 +1103,7 @@ int btrfs_add_delayed_extent_op(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		.num_bytes = num_bytes,
 		.tree_ref.level = level,
 	};
+	int ret;
 
 	head_ref = kmem_cache_alloc(btrfs_delayed_ref_head_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
 	if (!head_ref)
@@ -1132,16 +1113,23 @@ int btrfs_add_delayed_extent_op(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	head_ref->extent_op = extent_op;
 
 	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
-	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 
+	ret = xa_reserve(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (ret) {
+		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_delayed_ref_head_cachep, head_ref);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 	head_ref_ret = add_delayed_ref_head(trans, head_ref, NULL,
 					    BTRFS_UPDATE_DELAYED_HEAD, NULL);
-	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-
 	if (IS_ERR(head_ref_ret)) {
+		xa_release(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index);
+		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 		kmem_cache_free(btrfs_delayed_ref_head_cachep, head_ref);
 		return PTR_ERR(head_ref_ret);
 	}
+	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 
 	/*
 	 * Need to update the delayed_refs_rsv with any changes we may have
@@ -1164,11 +1152,15 @@ void btrfs_put_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *ref)
  * head node if found, or NULL if not.
  */
 struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *
-btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs, u64 bytenr)
+btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			    struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+			    u64 bytenr)
 {
+	const unsigned long index = (bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+
 	lockdep_assert_held(&delayed_refs->lock);
 
-	return find_ref_head(delayed_refs, bytenr, false);
+	return xa_load(&delayed_refs->head_refs, index);
 }
 
 static int find_comp(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *entry, u64 root, u64 parent)
@@ -1238,6 +1230,81 @@ bool btrfs_find_delayed_tree_ref(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head,
 	return found;
 }
 
+void btrfs_destroy_delayed_refs(struct btrfs_transaction *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs = &trans->delayed_refs;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+
+	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+	while (true) {
+		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head;
+		struct rb_node *n;
+		bool pin_bytes = false;
+
+		head = find_first_ref_head(delayed_refs);
+		if (!head)
+			break;
+
+		if (!btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(delayed_refs, head))
+			continue;
+
+		spin_lock(&head->lock);
+		while ((n = rb_first_cached(&head->ref_tree)) != NULL) {
+			struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *ref;
+
+			ref = rb_entry(n, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node, ref_node);
+			drop_delayed_ref(fs_info, delayed_refs, head, ref);
+		}
+		if (head->must_insert_reserved)
+			pin_bytes = true;
+		btrfs_free_delayed_extent_op(head->extent_op);
+		btrfs_delete_ref_head(fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
+		spin_unlock(&head->lock);
+		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+		mutex_unlock(&head->mutex);
+
+		if (pin_bytes) {
+			struct btrfs_block_group *bg;
+
+			bg = btrfs_lookup_block_group(fs_info, head->bytenr);
+			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(bg == NULL)) {
+				/*
+				 * Unexpected and there's nothing we can do here
+				 * because we are in a transaction abort path,
+				 * so any errors can only be ignored or reported
+				 * while attempting to cleanup all resources.
+				 */
+				btrfs_err(fs_info,
+"block group for delayed ref at %llu was not found while destroying ref head",
+					  head->bytenr);
+			} else {
+				spin_lock(&bg->space_info->lock);
+				spin_lock(&bg->lock);
+				bg->pinned += head->num_bytes;
+				btrfs_space_info_update_bytes_pinned(fs_info,
+								     bg->space_info,
+								     head->num_bytes);
+				bg->reserved -= head->num_bytes;
+				bg->space_info->bytes_reserved -= head->num_bytes;
+				spin_unlock(&bg->lock);
+				spin_unlock(&bg->space_info->lock);
+
+				btrfs_put_block_group(bg);
+			}
+
+			btrfs_error_unpin_extent_range(fs_info, head->bytenr,
+				head->bytenr + head->num_bytes - 1);
+		}
+		btrfs_cleanup_ref_head_accounting(fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
+		btrfs_put_delayed_ref_head(head);
+		cond_resched();
+		spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+	}
+	btrfs_qgroup_destroy_extent_records(trans);
+
+	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+}
+
 void __cold btrfs_delayed_ref_exit(void)
 {
 	kmem_cache_destroy(btrfs_delayed_ref_head_cachep);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.h b/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.h
index 352921e76c74..611fb3388f82 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/delayed-ref.h
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node {
 	/*
 	 * If action is BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_REF, also link this node to
 	 * ref_head->ref_add_list, then we do not need to iterate the
-	 * whole ref_head->ref_list to find BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_REF nodes.
+	 * refs rbtree in the corresponding delayed ref head
+	 * (struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head::ref_tree).
 	 */
 	struct list_head add_list;
 
@@ -123,12 +124,6 @@ struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head {
 	u64 bytenr;
 	u64 num_bytes;
 	/*
-	 * For insertion into struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root::href_root.
-	 * Keep it in the same cache line as 'bytenr' for more efficient
-	 * searches in the rbtree.
-	 */
-	struct rb_node href_node;
-	/*
 	 * the mutex is held while running the refs, and it is also
 	 * held when checking the sum of reference modifications.
 	 */
@@ -191,6 +186,11 @@ struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head {
 	bool is_data;
 	bool is_system;
 	bool processing;
+	/*
+	 * Indicate if it's currently in the data structure that tracks head
+	 * refs (struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root::head_refs).
+	 */
+	bool tracked;
 };
 
 enum btrfs_delayed_ref_flags {
@@ -199,38 +199,52 @@ enum btrfs_delayed_ref_flags {
 };
 
 struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root {
-	/* head ref rbtree */
-	struct rb_root_cached href_root;
-
 	/*
-	 * Track dirty extent records.
+	 * Track head references.
 	 * The keys correspond to the logical address of the extent ("bytenr")
 	 * right shifted by fs_info->sectorsize_bits. This is both to get a more
 	 * dense index space (optimizes xarray structure) and because indexes in
 	 * xarrays are of "unsigned long" type, meaning they are 32 bits wide on
 	 * 32 bits platforms, limiting the extent range to 4G which is too low
 	 * and makes it unusable (truncated index values) on 32 bits platforms.
+	 * Protected by the spinlock 'lock' defined below.
 	 */
-	struct xarray dirty_extents;
+	struct xarray head_refs;
 
-	/* this spin lock protects the rbtree and the entries inside */
-	spinlock_t lock;
+	/*
+	 * Track dirty extent records.
+	 * The keys correspond to the logical address of the extent ("bytenr")
+	 * right shifted by fs_info->sectorsize_bits, for same reasons as above.
+	 */
+	struct xarray dirty_extents;
 
-	/* how many delayed ref updates we've queued, used by the
-	 * throttling code
+	/*
+	 * Protects the xarray head_refs, its entries and the following fields:
+	 * num_heads, num_heads_ready, pending_csums and run_delayed_start.
 	 */
-	atomic_t num_entries;
+	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	/* total number of head nodes in tree */
+	/* Total number of head refs, protected by the spinlock 'lock'. */
 	unsigned long num_heads;
 
-	/* total number of head nodes ready for processing */
+	/*
+	 * Total number of head refs ready for processing, protected by the
+	 * spinlock 'lock'.
+	 */
 	unsigned long num_heads_ready;
 
+	/*
+	 * Track space reserved for deleting csums of data extents.
+	 * Protected by the spinlock 'lock'.
+	 */
 	u64 pending_csums;
 
 	unsigned long flags;
 
+	/*
+	 * Track from which bytenr to start searching ref heads.
+	 * Protected by the spinlock 'lock'.
+	 */
 	u64 run_delayed_start;
 
 	/*
@@ -372,19 +386,22 @@ void btrfs_merge_delayed_refs(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 			      struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head);
 
 struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *
-btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			    struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
 			    u64 bytenr);
-int btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
-			   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head);
 static inline void btrfs_delayed_ref_unlock(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
 {
 	mutex_unlock(&head->mutex);
 }
-void btrfs_delete_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+void btrfs_delete_ref_head(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
 			   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head);
 
 struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *btrfs_select_ref_head(
+		const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs);
+void btrfs_unselect_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+			     struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head);
 
 int btrfs_check_delayed_seq(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 seq);
 
@@ -399,6 +416,7 @@ int btrfs_delayed_refs_rsv_refill(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 bool btrfs_check_space_for_delayed_refs(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
 bool btrfs_find_delayed_tree_ref(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head,
 				 u64 root, u64 parent);
+void btrfs_destroy_delayed_refs(struct btrfs_transaction *trans);
 
 static inline u64 btrfs_delayed_ref_owner(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *node)
 {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/dev-replace.c b/fs/btrfs/dev-replace.c
index 83d5cdd77f29..ac8e97ed13f7 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/dev-replace.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/dev-replace.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
  *
  * - Copy existing extents
  *
- *   This happens by re-using scrub facility, as scrub also iterates through
+ *   This happens by reusing scrub facility, as scrub also iterates through
  *   existing extents from commit root.
  *
  *   Location:		scrub_write_block_to_dev_replace() from
@@ -641,6 +641,7 @@ static int btrfs_dev_replace_start(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		return ret;
 
 	down_write(&dev_replace->rwsem);
+	dev_replace->replace_task = current;
 	switch (dev_replace->replace_state) {
 	case BTRFS_IOCTL_DEV_REPLACE_STATE_NEVER_STARTED:
 	case BTRFS_IOCTL_DEV_REPLACE_STATE_FINISHED:
@@ -994,6 +995,7 @@ error:
 	list_add(&tgt_device->dev_alloc_list, &fs_devices->alloc_list);
 	fs_devices->rw_devices++;
 
+	dev_replace->replace_task = NULL;
 	up_write(&dev_replace->rwsem);
 	btrfs_rm_dev_replace_blocked(fs_info);
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/dir-item.c b/fs/btrfs/dir-item.c
index 1e8cd7c9472e..1ea5d8fcfbf7 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/dir-item.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/dir-item.c
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ static struct btrfs_dir_item *insert_with_overflow(struct btrfs_trans_handle
 						   const char *name,
 						   int name_len)
 {
-	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 	int ret;
 	char *ptr;
 	struct extent_buffer *leaf;
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ static struct btrfs_dir_item *insert_with_overflow(struct btrfs_trans_handle
 	ret = btrfs_insert_empty_item(trans, root, path, cpu_key, data_size);
 	if (ret == -EEXIST) {
 		struct btrfs_dir_item *di;
-		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(fs_info, path, name, name_len);
+		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(path, name, name_len);
 		if (di)
 			return ERR_PTR(-EEXIST);
 		btrfs_extend_item(trans, path, data_size);
@@ -190,7 +189,7 @@ static struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_lookup_match_dir(
 	if (ret > 0)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
 
-	return btrfs_match_dir_item_name(root->fs_info, path, name, name_len);
+	return btrfs_match_dir_item_name(path, name, name_len);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -341,8 +340,7 @@ btrfs_search_dir_index_item(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
 		if (key.objectid != dirid || key.type != BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY)
 			break;
 
-		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(root->fs_info, path,
-					       name->name, name->len);
+		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(path, name->name, name->len);
 		if (di)
 			return di;
 	}
@@ -378,8 +376,7 @@ struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_lookup_xattr(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
  * this walks through all the entries in a dir item and finds one
  * for a specific name.
  */
-struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_match_dir_item_name(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-						 const struct btrfs_path *path,
+struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_match_dir_item_name(const struct btrfs_path *path,
 						 const char *name, int name_len)
 {
 	struct btrfs_dir_item *dir_item;
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/dir-item.h b/fs/btrfs/dir-item.h
index 5f6dfafc91f1..28d69970bc70 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/dir-item.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/dir-item.h
@@ -44,8 +44,7 @@ struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_lookup_xattr(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 					  struct btrfs_path *path, u64 dir,
 					  const char *name, u16 name_len,
 					  int mod);
-struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_match_dir_item_name(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-						 const struct btrfs_path *path,
+struct btrfs_dir_item *btrfs_match_dir_item_name(const struct btrfs_path *path,
 						 const char *name,
 						 int name_len);
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/direct-io.c b/fs/btrfs/direct-io.c
index bd38df5647e3..a7c3e221378d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/direct-io.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/direct-io.c
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ relock:
 		return ret;
 	}
 
-	ret = btrfs_write_check(iocb, from, ret);
+	ret = btrfs_write_check(iocb, ret);
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		btrfs_inode_unlock(BTRFS_I(inode), ilock_flags);
 		goto out;
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
index b11bfe68dd65..814320948645 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.c
@@ -917,8 +917,7 @@ fail:
 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
 }
 
-static struct btrfs_root *alloc_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-					 struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+static struct btrfs_root *alloc_log_tree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 {
 	struct btrfs_root *root;
 
@@ -966,7 +965,7 @@ int btrfs_init_log_root_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 {
 	struct btrfs_root *log_root;
 
-	log_root = alloc_log_tree(trans, fs_info);
+	log_root = alloc_log_tree(fs_info);
 	if (IS_ERR(log_root))
 		return PTR_ERR(log_root);
 
@@ -992,7 +991,7 @@ int btrfs_add_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	struct btrfs_inode_item *inode_item;
 	int ret;
 
-	log_root = alloc_log_tree(trans, fs_info);
+	log_root = alloc_log_tree(fs_info);
 	if (IS_ERR(log_root))
 		return PTR_ERR(log_root);
 
@@ -2786,6 +2785,7 @@ void btrfs_init_fs_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 	btrfs_init_scrub(fs_info);
 	btrfs_init_balance(fs_info);
 	btrfs_init_async_reclaim_work(fs_info);
+	btrfs_init_extent_map_shrinker_work(fs_info);
 
 	rwlock_init(&fs_info->block_group_cache_lock);
 	fs_info->block_group_cache_tree = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
@@ -2852,8 +2852,6 @@ static int init_mount_fs_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct super_block
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	spin_lock_init(&fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_lock);
-
 	ret = percpu_counter_init(&fs_info->dirty_metadata_bytes, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
@@ -3202,8 +3200,7 @@ int btrfs_check_features(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, bool is_rw_mount)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int __cold open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices,
-		      const char *options)
+int __cold open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices)
 {
 	u32 sectorsize;
 	u32 nodesize;
@@ -4186,7 +4183,7 @@ static void warn_about_uncommitted_trans(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 		btrfs_warn(fs_info,
 	"transaction %llu (with %llu dirty metadata bytes) is not committed",
 			   trans->transid, dirty_bytes);
-		btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(trans, fs_info);
+		btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(trans);
 
 		if (trans == fs_info->running_transaction)
 			fs_info->running_transaction = NULL;
@@ -4294,6 +4291,7 @@ void __cold close_ctree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 	cancel_work_sync(&fs_info->async_reclaim_work);
 	cancel_work_sync(&fs_info->async_data_reclaim_work);
 	cancel_work_sync(&fs_info->preempt_reclaim_work);
+	cancel_work_sync(&fs_info->em_shrinker_work);
 
 	/* Cancel or finish ongoing discard work */
 	btrfs_discard_cleanup(fs_info);
@@ -4531,75 +4529,6 @@ static void btrfs_destroy_all_ordered_extents(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 	btrfs_wait_ordered_roots(fs_info, U64_MAX, NULL);
 }
 
-static void btrfs_destroy_delayed_refs(struct btrfs_transaction *trans,
-				       struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
-{
-	struct rb_node *node;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs = &trans->delayed_refs;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node *ref;
-
-	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	while ((node = rb_first_cached(&delayed_refs->href_root)) != NULL) {
-		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head;
-		struct rb_node *n;
-		bool pin_bytes = false;
-
-		head = rb_entry(node, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head,
-				href_node);
-		if (btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(delayed_refs, head))
-			continue;
-
-		spin_lock(&head->lock);
-		while ((n = rb_first_cached(&head->ref_tree)) != NULL) {
-			ref = rb_entry(n, struct btrfs_delayed_ref_node,
-				       ref_node);
-			rb_erase_cached(&ref->ref_node, &head->ref_tree);
-			RB_CLEAR_NODE(&ref->ref_node);
-			if (!list_empty(&ref->add_list))
-				list_del(&ref->add_list);
-			atomic_dec(&delayed_refs->num_entries);
-			btrfs_put_delayed_ref(ref);
-			btrfs_delayed_refs_rsv_release(fs_info, 1, 0);
-		}
-		if (head->must_insert_reserved)
-			pin_bytes = true;
-		btrfs_free_delayed_extent_op(head->extent_op);
-		btrfs_delete_ref_head(delayed_refs, head);
-		spin_unlock(&head->lock);
-		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-		mutex_unlock(&head->mutex);
-
-		if (pin_bytes) {
-			struct btrfs_block_group *cache;
-
-			cache = btrfs_lookup_block_group(fs_info, head->bytenr);
-			BUG_ON(!cache);
-
-			spin_lock(&cache->space_info->lock);
-			spin_lock(&cache->lock);
-			cache->pinned += head->num_bytes;
-			btrfs_space_info_update_bytes_pinned(fs_info,
-				cache->space_info, head->num_bytes);
-			cache->reserved -= head->num_bytes;
-			cache->space_info->bytes_reserved -= head->num_bytes;
-			spin_unlock(&cache->lock);
-			spin_unlock(&cache->space_info->lock);
-
-			btrfs_put_block_group(cache);
-
-			btrfs_error_unpin_extent_range(fs_info, head->bytenr,
-				head->bytenr + head->num_bytes - 1);
-		}
-		btrfs_cleanup_ref_head_accounting(fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
-		btrfs_put_delayed_ref_head(head);
-		cond_resched();
-		spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	}
-	btrfs_qgroup_destroy_extent_records(trans);
-
-	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-}
-
 static void btrfs_destroy_delalloc_inodes(struct btrfs_root *root)
 {
 	struct btrfs_inode *btrfs_inode;
@@ -4805,9 +4734,9 @@ static void btrfs_free_all_qgroup_pertrans(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 	spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 }
 
-void btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans,
-				   struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+void btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans)
 {
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = cur_trans->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_device *dev, *tmp;
 
 	btrfs_cleanup_dirty_bgs(cur_trans, fs_info);
@@ -4819,7 +4748,7 @@ void btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *cur_trans,
 		list_del_init(&dev->post_commit_list);
 	}
 
-	btrfs_destroy_delayed_refs(cur_trans, fs_info);
+	btrfs_destroy_delayed_refs(cur_trans);
 
 	cur_trans->state = TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START;
 	wake_up(&fs_info->transaction_blocked_wait);
@@ -4865,7 +4794,7 @@ static int btrfs_cleanup_transaction(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 		} else {
 			spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
 		}
-		btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(t, fs_info);
+		btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(t);
 
 		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
 		if (t == fs_info->running_transaction)
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h
index 99af64d3f277..a7051e2570c1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/disk-io.h
@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ struct extent_buffer *btrfs_find_create_tree_block(
 int btrfs_start_pre_rw_mount(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
 int btrfs_check_super_csum(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 			   const struct btrfs_super_block *disk_sb);
-int __cold open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices,
-		      const char *options);
+int __cold open_ctree(struct super_block *sb, struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices);
 void __cold close_ctree(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
 int btrfs_validate_super(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 			 const struct btrfs_super_block *sb, int mirror_num);
@@ -127,8 +126,7 @@ int btrfs_add_log_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		       struct btrfs_root *root);
 void btrfs_cleanup_dirty_bgs(struct btrfs_transaction *trans,
 			     struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
-void btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *trans,
-				  struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
+void btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *trans);
 struct btrfs_root *btrfs_create_tree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 				     u64 objectid);
 int btrfs_get_num_tolerated_disk_barrier_failures(u64 flags);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
index d9f511babd89..412e318e4a22 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ search_again:
 
 	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, bytenr);
+	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(fs_info, delayed_refs, bytenr);
 	if (head) {
 		if (!mutex_trylock(&head->mutex)) {
 			refcount_inc(&head->refs);
@@ -795,7 +795,6 @@ int lookup_inline_extent_backref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	if (insert) {
 		extra_size = btrfs_extent_inline_ref_size(want);
 		path->search_for_extension = 1;
-		path->keep_locks = 1;
 	} else
 		extra_size = -1;
 
@@ -946,6 +945,25 @@ again:
 			ret = -EAGAIN;
 			goto out;
 		}
+
+		if (path->slots[0] + 1 < btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0])) {
+			struct btrfs_key tmp_key;
+
+			btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &tmp_key, path->slots[0] + 1);
+			if (tmp_key.objectid == bytenr &&
+			    tmp_key.type < BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_ITEM_KEY) {
+				ret = -EAGAIN;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			goto out_no_entry;
+		}
+
+		if (!path->keep_locks) {
+			btrfs_release_path(path);
+			path->keep_locks = 1;
+			goto again;
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * To add new inline back ref, we have to make sure
 		 * there is no corresponding back ref item.
@@ -959,13 +977,15 @@ again:
 			goto out;
 		}
 	}
+out_no_entry:
 	*ref_ret = (struct btrfs_extent_inline_ref *)ptr;
 out:
-	if (insert) {
+	if (path->keep_locks) {
 		path->keep_locks = 0;
-		path->search_for_extension = 0;
 		btrfs_unlock_up_safe(path, 1);
 	}
+	if (insert)
+		path->search_for_extension = 0;
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1807,16 +1827,6 @@ select_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
 	return ref;
 }
 
-static void unselect_delayed_ref_head(struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
-				      struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
-{
-	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	head->processing = false;
-	delayed_refs->num_heads_ready++;
-	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	btrfs_delayed_ref_unlock(head);
-}
-
 static struct btrfs_delayed_extent_op *cleanup_extent_op(
 				struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head)
 {
@@ -1891,7 +1901,7 @@ static int cleanup_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 	ret = run_and_cleanup_extent_op(trans, head);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		unselect_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, head);
+		btrfs_unselect_ref_head(delayed_refs, head);
 		btrfs_debug(fs_info, "run_delayed_extent_op returned %d", ret);
 		return ret;
 	} else if (ret) {
@@ -1910,7 +1920,7 @@ static int cleanup_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 		return 1;
 	}
-	btrfs_delete_ref_head(delayed_refs, head);
+	btrfs_delete_ref_head(fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
 	spin_unlock(&head->lock);
 	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 
@@ -1933,39 +1943,6 @@ static int cleanup_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *btrfs_obtain_ref_head(
-					struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
-{
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs =
-		&trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head = NULL;
-	int ret;
-
-	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	head = btrfs_select_ref_head(delayed_refs);
-	if (!head) {
-		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-		return head;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Grab the lock that says we are going to process all the refs for
-	 * this head
-	 */
-	ret = btrfs_delayed_ref_lock(delayed_refs, head);
-	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-
-	/*
-	 * We may have dropped the spin lock to get the head mutex lock, and
-	 * that might have given someone else time to free the head.  If that's
-	 * true, it has been removed from our list and we can move on.
-	 */
-	if (ret == -EAGAIN)
-		head = ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN);
-
-	return head;
-}
-
 static int btrfs_run_delayed_refs_for_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 					   struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *locked_ref,
 					   u64 *bytes_released)
@@ -1986,7 +1963,7 @@ static int btrfs_run_delayed_refs_for_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		if (ref->seq &&
 		    btrfs_check_delayed_seq(fs_info, ref->seq)) {
 			spin_unlock(&locked_ref->lock);
-			unselect_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, locked_ref);
+			btrfs_unselect_ref_head(delayed_refs, locked_ref);
 			return -EAGAIN;
 		}
 
@@ -2009,7 +1986,6 @@ static int btrfs_run_delayed_refs_for_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		default:
 			WARN_ON(1);
 		}
-		atomic_dec(&delayed_refs->num_entries);
 
 		/*
 		 * Record the must_insert_reserved flag before we drop the
@@ -2035,7 +2011,7 @@ static int btrfs_run_delayed_refs_for_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 		btrfs_free_delayed_extent_op(extent_op);
 		if (ret) {
-			unselect_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, locked_ref);
+			btrfs_unselect_ref_head(delayed_refs, locked_ref);
 			btrfs_put_delayed_ref(ref);
 			return ret;
 		}
@@ -2073,7 +2049,7 @@ static noinline int __btrfs_run_delayed_refs(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 	do {
 		if (!locked_ref) {
-			locked_ref = btrfs_obtain_ref_head(trans);
+			locked_ref = btrfs_select_ref_head(fs_info, delayed_refs);
 			if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(locked_ref)) {
 				if (PTR_ERR(locked_ref) == -EAGAIN) {
 					continue;
@@ -2220,7 +2196,7 @@ again:
 		btrfs_create_pending_block_groups(trans);
 
 		spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-		if (RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&delayed_refs->href_root.rb_root)) {
+		if (xa_empty(&delayed_refs->head_refs)) {
 			spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 			return 0;
 		}
@@ -2275,7 +2251,7 @@ static noinline int check_delayed_ref(struct btrfs_root *root,
 
 	delayed_refs = &cur_trans->delayed_refs;
 	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, bytenr);
+	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(root->fs_info, delayed_refs, bytenr);
 	if (!head) {
 		spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
 		btrfs_put_transaction(cur_trans);
@@ -3144,7 +3120,7 @@ static int __btrfs_free_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 				break;
 			}
 
-			/* Quick path didn't find the EXTEMT/METADATA_ITEM */
+			/* Quick path didn't find the EXTENT/METADATA_ITEM */
 			if (path->slots[0] - extent_slot > 5)
 				break;
 			extent_slot--;
@@ -3377,13 +3353,14 @@ out:
 static noinline int check_ref_cleanup(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 				      u64 bytenr)
 {
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_head *head;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs;
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, bytenr);
+	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(fs_info, delayed_refs, bytenr);
 	if (!head)
 		goto out_delayed_unlock;
 
@@ -3401,7 +3378,7 @@ static noinline int check_ref_cleanup(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	if (!mutex_trylock(&head->mutex))
 		goto out;
 
-	btrfs_delete_ref_head(delayed_refs, head);
+	btrfs_delete_ref_head(fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
 	head->processing = false;
 
 	spin_unlock(&head->lock);
@@ -3411,7 +3388,7 @@ static noinline int check_ref_cleanup(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	if (head->must_insert_reserved)
 		ret = 1;
 
-	btrfs_cleanup_ref_head_accounting(trans->fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
+	btrfs_cleanup_ref_head_accounting(fs_info, delayed_refs, head);
 	mutex_unlock(&head->mutex);
 	btrfs_put_delayed_ref_head(head);
 	return ret;
@@ -5270,7 +5247,7 @@ struct walk_control {
  * corrupted file systems must have been caught before calling this function.
  */
 static bool visit_node_for_delete(struct btrfs_root *root, struct walk_control *wc,
-				  struct extent_buffer *eb, u64 refs, u64 flags, int slot)
+				  struct extent_buffer *eb, u64 flags, int slot)
 {
 	struct btrfs_key key;
 	u64 generation;
@@ -5384,7 +5361,7 @@ static noinline void reada_walk_down(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 			continue;
 
 		/* If we don't need to visit this node don't reada. */
-		if (!visit_node_for_delete(root, wc, eb, refs, flags, slot))
+		if (!visit_node_for_delete(root, wc, eb, flags, slot))
 			continue;
 reada:
 		btrfs_readahead_node_child(eb, slot);
@@ -5518,7 +5495,7 @@ again:
 	 */
 	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(delayed_refs, bytenr);
+	head = btrfs_find_delayed_ref_head(root->fs_info, delayed_refs, bytenr);
 	if (!head)
 		goto out;
 	if (!mutex_trylock(&head->mutex)) {
@@ -5737,8 +5714,7 @@ static noinline int do_walk_down(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 	/* If we don't have to walk into this node skip it. */
 	if (!visit_node_for_delete(root, wc, path->nodes[level],
-				   wc->refs[level - 1], wc->flags[level - 1],
-				   path->slots[level]))
+				   wc->flags[level - 1], path->slots[level]))
 		goto skip;
 
 	/*
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c b/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c
index 872cca54cc6c..b923d0cec61c 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ static void process_one_folio(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_writeback(fs_info, folio, start, len);
 
 	if (folio != locked_folio && (page_ops & PAGE_UNLOCK))
-		btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock(fs_info, folio, start, len);
+		btrfs_folio_end_lock(fs_info, folio, start, len);
 }
 
 static void __process_folios_contig(struct address_space *mapping,
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ static noinline int lock_delalloc_folios(struct inode *inode,
 			range_start = max_t(u64, folio_pos(folio), start);
 			range_len = min_t(u64, folio_pos(folio) + folio_size(folio),
 					  end + 1) - range_start;
-			btrfs_folio_set_writer_lock(fs_info, folio, range_start, range_len);
+			btrfs_folio_set_lock(fs_info, folio, range_start, range_len);
 
 			processed_end = range_start + range_len - 1;
 		}
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ static void end_folio_read(struct folio *folio, bool uptodate, u64 start, u32 le
 	if (!btrfs_is_subpage(fs_info, folio->mapping))
 		folio_unlock(folio);
 	else
-		btrfs_subpage_end_reader(fs_info, folio, start, len);
+		btrfs_folio_end_lock(fs_info, folio, start, len);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ static void begin_folio_read(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct folio *folio)
 		return;
 
 	ASSERT(folio_test_private(folio));
-	btrfs_subpage_start_reader(fs_info, folio, folio_pos(folio), PAGE_SIZE);
+	btrfs_folio_set_lock(fs_info, folio, folio_pos(folio), PAGE_SIZE);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ static void submit_extent_folio(struct btrfs_bio_ctrl *bio_ctrl,
 		}
 
 		if (bio_ctrl->wbc)
-			wbc_account_cgroup_owner(bio_ctrl->wbc, &folio->page,
+			wbc_account_cgroup_owner(bio_ctrl->wbc, folio,
 						 len);
 
 		size -= len;
@@ -1102,6 +1102,45 @@ int btrfs_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void set_delalloc_bitmap(struct folio *folio, unsigned long *delalloc_bitmap,
+				u64 start, u32 len)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = folio_to_fs_info(folio);
+	const u64 folio_start = folio_pos(folio);
+	unsigned int start_bit;
+	unsigned int nbits;
+
+	ASSERT(start >= folio_start && start + len <= folio_start + PAGE_SIZE);
+	start_bit = (start - folio_start) >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
+	nbits = len >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
+	ASSERT(bitmap_test_range_all_zero(delalloc_bitmap, start_bit, nbits));
+	bitmap_set(delalloc_bitmap, start_bit, nbits);
+}
+
+static bool find_next_delalloc_bitmap(struct folio *folio,
+				      unsigned long *delalloc_bitmap, u64 start,
+				      u64 *found_start, u32 *found_len)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = folio_to_fs_info(folio);
+	const u64 folio_start = folio_pos(folio);
+	const unsigned int bitmap_size = fs_info->sectors_per_page;
+	unsigned int start_bit;
+	unsigned int first_zero;
+	unsigned int first_set;
+
+	ASSERT(start >= folio_start && start < folio_start + PAGE_SIZE);
+
+	start_bit = (start - folio_start) >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
+	first_set = find_next_bit(delalloc_bitmap, bitmap_size, start_bit);
+	if (first_set >= bitmap_size)
+		return false;
+
+	*found_start = folio_start + (first_set << fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+	first_zero = find_next_zero_bit(delalloc_bitmap, bitmap_size, first_set);
+	*found_len = (first_zero - first_set) << fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
+	return true;
+}
+
 /*
  * helper for extent_writepage(), doing all of the delayed allocation setup.
  *
@@ -1121,6 +1160,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack int writepage_delalloc(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 	const bool is_subpage = btrfs_is_subpage(fs_info, folio->mapping);
 	const u64 page_start = folio_pos(folio);
 	const u64 page_end = page_start + folio_size(folio) - 1;
+	unsigned long delalloc_bitmap = 0;
 	/*
 	 * Save the last found delalloc end. As the delalloc end can go beyond
 	 * page boundary, thus we cannot rely on subpage bitmap to locate the
@@ -1131,6 +1171,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack int writepage_delalloc(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 	u64 delalloc_end = page_end;
 	u64 delalloc_to_write = 0;
 	int ret = 0;
+	int bit;
 
 	/* Save the dirty bitmap as our submission bitmap will be a subset of it. */
 	if (btrfs_is_subpage(fs_info, inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping)) {
@@ -1140,6 +1181,12 @@ static noinline_for_stack int writepage_delalloc(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		bio_ctrl->submit_bitmap = 1;
 	}
 
+	for_each_set_bit(bit, &bio_ctrl->submit_bitmap, fs_info->sectors_per_page) {
+		u64 start = page_start + (bit << fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+
+		btrfs_folio_set_lock(fs_info, folio, start, fs_info->sectorsize);
+	}
+
 	/* Lock all (subpage) delalloc ranges inside the folio first. */
 	while (delalloc_start < page_end) {
 		delalloc_end = page_end;
@@ -1148,9 +1195,8 @@ static noinline_for_stack int writepage_delalloc(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			delalloc_start = delalloc_end + 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		btrfs_folio_set_writer_lock(fs_info, folio, delalloc_start,
-					    min(delalloc_end, page_end) + 1 -
-					    delalloc_start);
+		set_delalloc_bitmap(folio, &delalloc_bitmap, delalloc_start,
+				    min(delalloc_end, page_end) + 1 - delalloc_start);
 		last_delalloc_end = delalloc_end;
 		delalloc_start = delalloc_end + 1;
 	}
@@ -1175,7 +1221,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack int writepage_delalloc(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			found_len = last_delalloc_end + 1 - found_start;
 			found = true;
 		} else {
-			found = btrfs_subpage_find_writer_locked(fs_info, folio,
+			found = find_next_delalloc_bitmap(folio, &delalloc_bitmap,
 					delalloc_start, &found_start, &found_len);
 		}
 		if (!found)
@@ -1314,7 +1360,7 @@ static int submit_one_sector(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 	 * a folio for a range already written to disk.
 	 */
 	btrfs_folio_clear_dirty(fs_info, folio, filepos, sectorsize);
-	btrfs_set_range_writeback(inode, filepos, filepos + sectorsize - 1);
+	btrfs_folio_set_writeback(fs_info, folio, filepos, sectorsize);
 	/*
 	 * Above call should set the whole folio with writeback flag, even
 	 * just for a single subpage sector.
@@ -1391,8 +1437,6 @@ static noinline_for_stack int extent_writepage_io(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			goto out;
 		submitted_io = true;
 	}
-
-	btrfs_folio_assert_not_dirty(fs_info, folio, start, len);
 out:
 	/*
 	 * If we didn't submitted any sector (>= i_size), folio dirty get
@@ -1476,7 +1520,7 @@ done:
 	 * Only unlock ranges that are submitted. As there can be some async
 	 * submitted ranges inside the folio.
 	 */
-	btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock_bitmap(fs_info, folio, bio_ctrl->submit_bitmap);
+	btrfs_folio_end_lock_bitmap(fs_info, folio, bio_ctrl->submit_bitmap);
 	ASSERT(ret <= 0);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1708,7 +1752,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack void write_one_eb(struct extent_buffer *eb,
 		ret = bio_add_folio(&bbio->bio, folio, eb->len,
 				    eb->start - folio_pos(folio));
 		ASSERT(ret);
-		wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, folio_page(folio, 0), eb->len);
+		wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, folio, eb->len);
 		folio_unlock(folio);
 	} else {
 		int num_folios = num_extent_folios(eb);
@@ -1722,8 +1766,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack void write_one_eb(struct extent_buffer *eb,
 			folio_start_writeback(folio);
 			ret = bio_add_folio(&bbio->bio, folio, eb->folio_size, 0);
 			ASSERT(ret);
-			wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, folio_page(folio, 0),
-						 eb->folio_size);
+			wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, folio, eb->folio_size);
 			wbc->nr_to_write -= folio_nr_pages(folio);
 			folio_unlock(folio);
 		}
@@ -2116,7 +2159,27 @@ retry:
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_NONE) {
+			/*
+			 * For subpage case, compression can lead to mixed
+			 * writeback and dirty flags, e.g:
+			 * 0     32K    64K    96K    128K
+			 * |     |//////||/////|   |//|
+			 *
+			 * In above case, [32K, 96K) is asynchronously submitted
+			 * for compression, and [124K, 128K) needs to be written back.
+			 *
+			 * If we didn't wait wrtiteback for page 64K, [128K, 128K)
+			 * won't be submitted as the page still has writeback flag
+			 * and will be skipped in the next check.
+			 *
+			 * This mixed writeback and dirty case is only possible for
+			 * subpage case.
+			 *
+			 * TODO: Remove this check after migrating compression to
+			 * regular submission.
+			 */
+			if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_NONE ||
+			    btrfs_is_subpage(inode_to_fs_info(inode), mapping)) {
 				if (folio_test_writeback(folio))
 					submit_write_bio(bio_ctrl, 0);
 				folio_wait_writeback(folio);
@@ -2201,7 +2264,7 @@ void extent_write_locked_range(struct inode *inode, const struct folio *locked_f
 		u32 cur_len = cur_end + 1 - cur;
 		struct folio *folio;
 
-		folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, cur >> PAGE_SHIFT, 0, 0);
+		folio = filemap_get_folio(mapping, cur >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 
 		/*
 		 * This shouldn't happen, the pages are pinned and locked, this
@@ -2234,7 +2297,7 @@ void extent_write_locked_range(struct inode *inode, const struct folio *locked_f
 						       cur, cur_len, !ret);
 			mapping_set_error(mapping, ret);
 		}
-		btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock(fs_info, folio, cur, cur_len);
+		btrfs_folio_end_lock(fs_info, folio, cur, cur_len);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			found_error = true;
 next_page:
@@ -2318,7 +2381,7 @@ int extent_invalidate_folio(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
  * to drop the page.
  */
 static bool try_release_extent_state(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
-				    struct folio *folio, gfp_t mask)
+				     struct folio *folio)
 {
 	u64 start = folio_pos(folio);
 	u64 end = start + PAGE_SIZE - 1;
@@ -2429,7 +2492,7 @@ next:
 			cond_resched();
 		}
 	}
-	return try_release_extent_state(io_tree, folio, mask);
+	return try_release_extent_state(io_tree, folio);
 }
 
 static void __free_extent_buffer(struct extent_buffer *eb)
@@ -2443,7 +2506,7 @@ static int extent_buffer_under_io(const struct extent_buffer *eb)
 		test_bit(EXTENT_BUFFER_DIRTY, &eb->bflags));
 }
 
-static bool folio_range_has_eb(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct folio *folio)
+static bool folio_range_has_eb(struct folio *folio)
 {
 	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage;
 
@@ -2453,12 +2516,6 @@ static bool folio_range_has_eb(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct folio *foli
 		subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
 		if (atomic_read(&subpage->eb_refs))
 			return true;
-		/*
-		 * Even there is no eb refs here, we may still have
-		 * end_folio_read() call relying on page::private.
-		 */
-		if (atomic_read(&subpage->readers))
-			return true;
 	}
 	return false;
 }
@@ -2517,7 +2574,7 @@ static void detach_extent_buffer_folio(const struct extent_buffer *eb, struct fo
 	 * We can only detach the folio private if there are no other ebs in the
 	 * page range and no unfinished IO.
 	 */
-	if (!folio_range_has_eb(fs_info, folio))
+	if (!folio_range_has_eb(folio))
 		btrfs_detach_subpage(fs_info, folio);
 
 	spin_unlock(&folio->mapping->i_private_lock);
@@ -3122,7 +3179,7 @@ out:
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Now all pages of that extent buffer is unmapped, set UNMAPPED flag,
-	 * so it can be cleaned up without utlizing page->mapping.
+	 * so it can be cleaned up without utilizing page->mapping.
 	 */
 	set_bit(EXTENT_BUFFER_UNMAPPED, &eb->bflags);
 
@@ -4222,7 +4279,6 @@ void btrfs_readahead_tree_block(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 				u64 bytenr, u64 owner_root, u64 gen, int level)
 {
 	struct btrfs_tree_parent_check check = {
-		.has_first_key = 0,
 		.level = level,
 		.transid = gen
 	};
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c
index 1d93e1202c33..67ce85ff0ae2 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c
@@ -77,10 +77,13 @@ static u64 range_end(u64 start, u64 len)
 	return start + len;
 }
 
-static void dec_evictable_extent_maps(struct btrfs_inode *inode)
+static void remove_em(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct extent_map *em)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
 
+	rb_erase(&em->rb_node, &inode->extent_tree.root);
+	RB_CLEAR_NODE(&em->rb_node);
+
 	if (!btrfs_is_testing(fs_info) && is_fstree(btrfs_root_id(inode->root)))
 		percpu_counter_dec(&fs_info->evictable_extent_maps);
 }
@@ -339,7 +342,6 @@ static void validate_extent_map(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct extent_map
 static void try_merge_map(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct extent_map *em)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
-	struct extent_map_tree *tree = &inode->extent_tree;
 	struct extent_map *merge = NULL;
 	struct rb_node *rb;
 
@@ -371,10 +373,8 @@ static void try_merge_map(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct extent_map *em)
 			em->flags |= EXTENT_FLAG_MERGED;
 
 			validate_extent_map(fs_info, em);
-			rb_erase(&merge->rb_node, &tree->root);
-			RB_CLEAR_NODE(&merge->rb_node);
+			remove_em(inode, merge);
 			free_extent_map(merge);
-			dec_evictable_extent_maps(inode);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -386,12 +386,10 @@ static void try_merge_map(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct extent_map *em)
 		if (em->disk_bytenr < EXTENT_MAP_LAST_BYTE)
 			merge_ondisk_extents(em, merge, em);
 		validate_extent_map(fs_info, em);
-		rb_erase(&merge->rb_node, &tree->root);
-		RB_CLEAR_NODE(&merge->rb_node);
 		em->generation = max(em->generation, merge->generation);
 		em->flags |= EXTENT_FLAG_MERGED;
+		remove_em(inode, merge);
 		free_extent_map(merge);
-		dec_evictable_extent_maps(inode);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -588,12 +586,10 @@ void remove_extent_mapping(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct extent_map *em)
 	lockdep_assert_held_write(&tree->lock);
 
 	WARN_ON(em->flags & EXTENT_FLAG_PINNED);
-	rb_erase(&em->rb_node, &tree->root);
 	if (!(em->flags & EXTENT_FLAG_LOGGING))
 		list_del_init(&em->list);
-	RB_CLEAR_NODE(&em->rb_node);
 
-	dec_evictable_extent_maps(inode);
+	remove_em(inode, em);
 }
 
 static void replace_extent_mapping(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
@@ -1122,13 +1118,12 @@ out_free_pre:
 struct btrfs_em_shrink_ctx {
 	long nr_to_scan;
 	long scanned;
-	u64 last_ino;
-	u64 last_root;
 };
 
 static long btrfs_scan_inode(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct btrfs_em_shrink_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	const u64 cur_fs_gen = btrfs_get_fs_generation(inode->root->fs_info);
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
+	const u64 cur_fs_gen = btrfs_get_fs_generation(fs_info);
 	struct extent_map_tree *tree = &inode->extent_tree;
 	long nr_dropped = 0;
 	struct rb_node *node;
@@ -1201,7 +1196,8 @@ next:
 		 * lock. This is to avoid slowing other tasks trying to take the
 		 * lock.
 		 */
-		if (need_resched() || rwlock_needbreak(&tree->lock))
+		if (need_resched() || rwlock_needbreak(&tree->lock) ||
+		    btrfs_fs_closing(fs_info))
 			break;
 		node = next;
 	}
@@ -1213,19 +1209,21 @@ next:
 
 static long btrfs_scan_root(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_em_shrink_ctx *ctx)
 {
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_inode *inode;
 	long nr_dropped = 0;
-	u64 min_ino = ctx->last_ino + 1;
+	u64 min_ino = fs_info->em_shrinker_last_ino + 1;
 
 	inode = btrfs_find_first_inode(root, min_ino);
 	while (inode) {
 		nr_dropped += btrfs_scan_inode(inode, ctx);
 
 		min_ino = btrfs_ino(inode) + 1;
-		ctx->last_ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
+		fs_info->em_shrinker_last_ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
 		btrfs_add_delayed_iput(inode);
 
-		if (ctx->scanned >= ctx->nr_to_scan)
+		if (ctx->scanned >= ctx->nr_to_scan ||
+		    btrfs_fs_closing(inode->root->fs_info))
 			break;
 
 		cond_resched();
@@ -1241,52 +1239,43 @@ static long btrfs_scan_root(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_em_shrink_ctx
 		 * inode if there is one or we will find out this was the last
 		 * one and move to the next root.
 		 */
-		ctx->last_root = btrfs_root_id(root);
+		fs_info->em_shrinker_last_root = btrfs_root_id(root);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * No more inodes in this root, set extent_map_shrinker_last_ino to 0 so
 		 * that when processing the next root we start from its first inode.
 		 */
-		ctx->last_ino = 0;
-		ctx->last_root = btrfs_root_id(root) + 1;
+		fs_info->em_shrinker_last_ino = 0;
+		fs_info->em_shrinker_last_root = btrfs_root_id(root) + 1;
 	}
 
 	return nr_dropped;
 }
 
-long btrfs_free_extent_maps(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, long nr_to_scan)
+static void btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_worker(struct work_struct *work)
 {
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_em_shrink_ctx ctx;
 	u64 start_root_id;
 	u64 next_root_id;
 	bool cycled = false;
 	long nr_dropped = 0;
 
-	ctx.scanned = 0;
-	ctx.nr_to_scan = nr_to_scan;
+	fs_info = container_of(work, struct btrfs_fs_info, em_shrinker_work);
 
-	/*
-	 * In case we have multiple tasks running this shrinker, make the next
-	 * one start from the next inode in case it starts before we finish.
-	 */
-	spin_lock(&fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_lock);
-	ctx.last_ino = fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_last_ino;
-	fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_last_ino++;
-	ctx.last_root = fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_last_root;
-	spin_unlock(&fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_lock);
+	ctx.scanned = 0;
+	ctx.nr_to_scan = atomic64_read(&fs_info->em_shrinker_nr_to_scan);
 
-	start_root_id = ctx.last_root;
-	next_root_id = ctx.last_root;
+	start_root_id = fs_info->em_shrinker_last_root;
+	next_root_id = fs_info->em_shrinker_last_root;
 
 	if (trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_scan_enter_enabled()) {
 		s64 nr = percpu_counter_sum_positive(&fs_info->evictable_extent_maps);
 
-		trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_scan_enter(fs_info, nr_to_scan,
-							   nr, ctx.last_root,
-							   ctx.last_ino);
+		trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_scan_enter(fs_info, nr);
 	}
 
-	while (ctx.scanned < ctx.nr_to_scan) {
+	while (ctx.scanned < ctx.nr_to_scan && !btrfs_fs_closing(fs_info)) {
 		struct btrfs_root *root;
 		unsigned long count;
 
@@ -1300,8 +1289,8 @@ long btrfs_free_extent_maps(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, long nr_to_scan)
 			spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
 			if (start_root_id > 0 && !cycled) {
 				next_root_id = 0;
-				ctx.last_root = 0;
-				ctx.last_ino = 0;
+				fs_info->em_shrinker_last_root = 0;
+				fs_info->em_shrinker_last_ino = 0;
 				cycled = true;
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -1320,29 +1309,40 @@ long btrfs_free_extent_maps(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, long nr_to_scan)
 		btrfs_put_root(root);
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * In case of multiple tasks running this extent map shrinking code this
-	 * isn't perfect but it's simple and silences things like KCSAN. It's
-	 * not possible to know which task made more progress because we can
-	 * cycle back to the first root and first inode if it's not the first
-	 * time the shrinker ran, see the above logic. Also a task that started
-	 * later may finish ealier than another task and made less progress. So
-	 * make this simple and update to the progress of the last task that
-	 * finished, with the occasional possiblity of having two consecutive
-	 * runs of the shrinker process the same inodes.
-	 */
-	spin_lock(&fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_lock);
-	fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_last_ino = ctx.last_ino;
-	fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_last_root = ctx.last_root;
-	spin_unlock(&fs_info->extent_map_shrinker_lock);
-
 	if (trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_scan_exit_enabled()) {
 		s64 nr = percpu_counter_sum_positive(&fs_info->evictable_extent_maps);
 
-		trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_scan_exit(fs_info, nr_dropped,
-							  nr, ctx.last_root,
-							  ctx.last_ino);
+		trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_scan_exit(fs_info, nr_dropped, nr);
 	}
 
-	return nr_dropped;
+	atomic64_set(&fs_info->em_shrinker_nr_to_scan, 0);
+}
+
+void btrfs_free_extent_maps(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, long nr_to_scan)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Do nothing if the shrinker is already running. In case of high memory
+	 * pressure we can have a lot of tasks calling us and all passing the
+	 * same nr_to_scan value, but in reality we may need only to free
+	 * nr_to_scan extent maps (or less). In case we need to free more than
+	 * that, we will be called again by the fs shrinker, so no worries about
+	 * not doing enough work to reclaim memory from extent maps.
+	 * We can also be repeatedly called with the same nr_to_scan value
+	 * simply because the shrinker runs asynchronously and multiple calls
+	 * to this function are made before the shrinker does enough progress.
+	 *
+	 * That's why we set the atomic counter to nr_to_scan only if its
+	 * current value is zero, instead of incrementing the counter by
+	 * nr_to_scan.
+	 */
+	if (atomic64_cmpxchg(&fs_info->em_shrinker_nr_to_scan, 0, nr_to_scan) != 0)
+		return;
+
+	queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &fs_info->em_shrinker_work);
+}
+
+void btrfs_init_extent_map_shrinker_work(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
+{
+	atomic64_set(&fs_info->em_shrinker_nr_to_scan, 0);
+	INIT_WORK(&fs_info->em_shrinker_work, btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_worker);
 }
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h
index 5154a8f1d26c..cd123b266b64 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h
@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@ void btrfs_drop_extent_map_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 int btrfs_replace_extent_map_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 				   struct extent_map *new_em,
 				   bool modified);
-long btrfs_free_extent_maps(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, long nr_to_scan);
+void btrfs_free_extent_maps(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, long nr_to_scan);
+void btrfs_init_extent_map_shrinker_work(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/fiemap.c b/fs/btrfs/fiemap.c
index df7f09f3b02e..b80c07ad8c5e 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/fiemap.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/fiemap.c
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ static int emit_fiemap_extent(struct fiemap_extent_info *fieinfo,
 			 * we have in the cache is the last delalloc range we
 			 * found while the file extent item we found can be
 			 * either for a whole delalloc range we previously
-			 * emmitted or only a part of that range.
+			 * emitted or only a part of that range.
 			 *
 			 * We have two cases here:
 			 *
@@ -194,13 +194,13 @@ static int emit_fiemap_extent(struct fiemap_extent_info *fieinfo,
 			 *    cached extent's end. In this case just ignore the
 			 *    current file extent item because we don't want to
 			 *    overlap with previous ranges that may have been
-			 *    emmitted already;
+			 *    emitted already;
 			 *
 			 * 2) The file extent item starts behind the currently
 			 *    cached extent but its end offset goes beyond the
 			 *    end offset of the cached extent. We don't want to
 			 *    overlap with a previous range that may have been
-			 *    emmitted already, so we emit the currently cached
+			 *    emitted already, so we emit the currently cached
 			 *    extent and then partially store the current file
 			 *    extent item's range in the cache, for the subrange
 			 *    going the cached extent's end to the end of the
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/file.c b/fs/btrfs/file.c
index 4fb521d91b06..588c353d2969 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/file.c
@@ -37,33 +37,30 @@
 #include "file.h"
 #include "super.h"
 
-/* simple helper to fault in pages and copy.  This should go away
- * and be replaced with calls into generic code.
+/*
+ * Helper to fault in page and copy.  This should go away and be replaced with
+ * calls into generic code.
  */
 static noinline int btrfs_copy_from_user(loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
-					 struct page **prepared_pages,
-					 struct iov_iter *i)
+					 struct folio *folio, struct iov_iter *i)
 {
 	size_t copied = 0;
 	size_t total_copied = 0;
-	int pg = 0;
 	int offset = offset_in_page(pos);
 
 	while (write_bytes > 0) {
-		size_t count = min_t(size_t,
-				     PAGE_SIZE - offset, write_bytes);
-		struct page *page = prepared_pages[pg];
+		size_t count = min_t(size_t, PAGE_SIZE - offset, write_bytes);
 		/*
 		 * Copy data from userspace to the current page
 		 */
-		copied = copy_page_from_iter_atomic(page, offset, count, i);
+		copied = copy_folio_from_iter_atomic(folio, offset, count, i);
 
 		/* Flush processor's dcache for this page */
-		flush_dcache_page(page);
+		flush_dcache_folio(folio);
 
 		/*
 		 * if we get a partial write, we can end up with
-		 * partially up to date pages.  These add
+		 * partially up to date page.  These add
 		 * a lot of complexity, so make sure they don't
 		 * happen by forcing this copy to be retried.
 		 *
@@ -71,7 +68,7 @@ static noinline int btrfs_copy_from_user(loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
 		 * back to page at a time copies after we return 0.
 		 */
 		if (unlikely(copied < count)) {
-			if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
+			if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
 				iov_iter_revert(i, copied);
 				copied = 0;
 			}
@@ -82,54 +79,44 @@ static noinline int btrfs_copy_from_user(loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
 		write_bytes -= copied;
 		total_copied += copied;
 		offset += copied;
-		if (offset == PAGE_SIZE) {
-			pg++;
-			offset = 0;
-		}
 	}
 	return total_copied;
 }
 
 /*
- * unlocks pages after btrfs_file_write is done with them
+ * Unlock folio after btrfs_file_write() is done with it.
  */
-static void btrfs_drop_pages(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-			     struct page **pages, size_t num_pages,
+static void btrfs_drop_folio(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct folio *folio,
 			     u64 pos, u64 copied)
 {
-	size_t i;
 	u64 block_start = round_down(pos, fs_info->sectorsize);
 	u64 block_len = round_up(pos + copied, fs_info->sectorsize) - block_start;
 
 	ASSERT(block_len <= U32_MAX);
-	for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
-		/* page checked is some magic around finding pages that
-		 * have been modified without going through btrfs_set_page_dirty
-		 * clear it here. There should be no need to mark the pages
-		 * accessed as prepare_pages should have marked them accessed
-		 * in prepare_pages via find_or_create_page()
-		 */
-		btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_checked(fs_info, page_folio(pages[i]),
-						block_start, block_len);
-		unlock_page(pages[i]);
-		put_page(pages[i]);
-	}
+	/*
+	 * Folio checked is some magic around finding folios that have been
+	 * modified without going through btrfs_dirty_folio().  Clear it here.
+	 * There should be no need to mark the pages accessed as
+	 * prepare_one_folio() should have marked them accessed in
+	 * prepare_one_folio() via find_or_create_page()
+	 */
+	btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_checked(fs_info, folio, block_start, block_len);
+	folio_unlock(folio);
+	folio_put(folio);
 }
 
 /*
  * After btrfs_copy_from_user(), update the following things for delalloc:
- * - Mark newly dirtied pages as DELALLOC in the io tree.
+ * - Mark newly dirtied folio as DELALLOC in the io tree.
  *   Used to advise which range is to be written back.
- * - Mark modified pages as Uptodate/Dirty and not needing COW fixup
+ * - Mark modified folio as Uptodate/Dirty and not needing COW fixup
  * - Update inode size for past EOF write
  */
-int btrfs_dirty_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
-		      size_t num_pages, loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
-		      struct extent_state **cached, bool noreserve)
+int btrfs_dirty_folio(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct folio *folio, loff_t pos,
+		      size_t write_bytes, struct extent_state **cached, bool noreserve)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
 	int ret = 0;
-	int i;
 	u64 num_bytes;
 	u64 start_pos;
 	u64 end_of_last_block;
@@ -147,6 +134,8 @@ int btrfs_dirty_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
 	num_bytes = round_up(write_bytes + pos - start_pos,
 			     fs_info->sectorsize);
 	ASSERT(num_bytes <= U32_MAX);
+	ASSERT(folio_pos(folio) <= pos &&
+	       folio_pos(folio) + folio_size(folio) >= pos + write_bytes);
 
 	end_of_last_block = start_pos + num_bytes - 1;
 
@@ -163,16 +152,9 @@ int btrfs_dirty_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
-		struct page *p = pages[i];
-
-		btrfs_folio_clamp_set_uptodate(fs_info, page_folio(p),
-					       start_pos, num_bytes);
-		btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_checked(fs_info, page_folio(p),
-						start_pos, num_bytes);
-		btrfs_folio_clamp_set_dirty(fs_info, page_folio(p),
-					    start_pos, num_bytes);
-	}
+	btrfs_folio_clamp_set_uptodate(fs_info, folio, start_pos, num_bytes);
+	btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_checked(fs_info, folio, start_pos, num_bytes);
+	btrfs_folio_clamp_set_dirty(fs_info, folio, start_pos, num_bytes);
 
 	/*
 	 * we've only changed i_size in ram, and we haven't updated
@@ -851,53 +833,47 @@ out:
 }
 
 /*
- * on error we return an unlocked page and the error value
- * on success we return a locked page and 0
+ * On error return an unlocked folio and the error value
+ * On success return a locked folio and 0
  */
-static int prepare_uptodate_page(struct inode *inode,
-				 struct page *page, u64 pos,
-				 bool force_uptodate)
+static int prepare_uptodate_folio(struct inode *inode, struct folio *folio, u64 pos,
+				  u64 len, bool force_uptodate)
 {
-	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
+	u64 clamp_start = max_t(u64, pos, folio_pos(folio));
+	u64 clamp_end = min_t(u64, pos + len, folio_pos(folio) + folio_size(folio));
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (((pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) || force_uptodate) &&
-	    !PageUptodate(page)) {
-		ret = btrfs_read_folio(NULL, folio);
-		if (ret)
-			return ret;
-		lock_page(page);
-		if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
-			unlock_page(page);
-			return -EIO;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * Since btrfs_read_folio() will unlock the folio before it
-		 * returns, there is a window where btrfs_release_folio() can be
-		 * called to release the page.  Here we check both inode
-		 * mapping and PagePrivate() to make sure the page was not
-		 * released.
-		 *
-		 * The private flag check is essential for subpage as we need
-		 * to store extra bitmap using folio private.
-		 */
-		if (page->mapping != inode->i_mapping || !folio_test_private(folio)) {
-			unlock_page(page);
-			return -EAGAIN;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
+	if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+		return 0;
 
-static fgf_t get_prepare_fgp_flags(bool nowait)
-{
-	fgf_t fgp_flags = FGP_LOCK | FGP_ACCESSED | FGP_CREAT;
+	if (!force_uptodate &&
+	    IS_ALIGNED(clamp_start, PAGE_SIZE) &&
+	    IS_ALIGNED(clamp_end, PAGE_SIZE))
+		return 0;
 
-	if (nowait)
-		fgp_flags |= FGP_NOWAIT;
+	ret = btrfs_read_folio(NULL, folio);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	folio_lock(folio);
+	if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
 
-	return fgp_flags;
+	/*
+	 * Since btrfs_read_folio() will unlock the folio before it returns,
+	 * there is a window where btrfs_release_folio() can be called to
+	 * release the page.  Here we check both inode mapping and page
+	 * private to make sure the page was not released.
+	 *
+	 * The private flag check is essential for subpage as we need to store
+	 * extra bitmap using folio private.
+	 */
+	if (folio->mapping != inode->i_mapping || !folio_test_private(folio)) {
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static gfp_t get_prepare_gfp_flags(struct inode *inode, bool nowait)
@@ -914,89 +890,67 @@ static gfp_t get_prepare_gfp_flags(struct inode *inode, bool nowait)
 }
 
 /*
- * this just gets pages into the page cache and locks them down.
+ * Get folio into the page cache and lock it.
  */
-static noinline int prepare_pages(struct inode *inode, struct page **pages,
-				  size_t num_pages, loff_t pos,
-				  size_t write_bytes, bool force_uptodate,
-				  bool nowait)
+static noinline int prepare_one_folio(struct inode *inode, struct folio **folio_ret,
+				      loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
+				      bool force_uptodate, bool nowait)
 {
-	int i;
 	unsigned long index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	gfp_t mask = get_prepare_gfp_flags(inode, nowait);
-	fgf_t fgp_flags = get_prepare_fgp_flags(nowait);
+	fgf_t fgp_flags = (nowait ? FGP_WRITEBEGIN | FGP_NOWAIT : FGP_WRITEBEGIN);
+	struct folio *folio;
 	int ret = 0;
-	int faili;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
 again:
-		pages[i] = pagecache_get_page(inode->i_mapping, index + i,
-					      fgp_flags, mask | __GFP_WRITE);
-		if (!pages[i]) {
-			faili = i - 1;
-			if (nowait)
-				ret = -EAGAIN;
-			else
-				ret = -ENOMEM;
-			goto fail;
-		}
-
-		ret = set_page_extent_mapped(pages[i]);
-		if (ret < 0) {
-			faili = i;
-			goto fail;
-		}
-
-		if (i == 0)
-			ret = prepare_uptodate_page(inode, pages[i], pos,
-						    force_uptodate);
-		if (!ret && i == num_pages - 1)
-			ret = prepare_uptodate_page(inode, pages[i],
-						    pos + write_bytes, false);
-		if (ret) {
-			put_page(pages[i]);
-			if (!nowait && ret == -EAGAIN) {
-				ret = 0;
-				goto again;
-			}
-			faili = i - 1;
-			goto fail;
+	folio = __filemap_get_folio(inode->i_mapping, index, fgp_flags, mask);
+	if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
+		if (nowait)
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+		else
+			ret = PTR_ERR(folio);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	/* Only support page sized folio yet. */
+	ASSERT(folio_order(folio) == 0);
+	ret = set_folio_extent_mapped(folio);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		folio_put(folio);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	ret = prepare_uptodate_folio(inode, folio, pos, write_bytes, force_uptodate);
+	if (ret) {
+		/* The folio is already unlocked. */
+		folio_put(folio);
+		if (!nowait && ret == -EAGAIN) {
+			ret = 0;
+			goto again;
 		}
-		wait_on_page_writeback(pages[i]);
+		return ret;
 	}
-
+	*folio_ret = folio;
 	return 0;
-fail:
-	while (faili >= 0) {
-		unlock_page(pages[faili]);
-		put_page(pages[faili]);
-		faili--;
-	}
-	return ret;
-
 }
 
 /*
- * This function locks the extent and properly waits for data=ordered extents
- * to finish before allowing the pages to be modified if need.
+ * Locks the extent and properly waits for data=ordered extents to finish
+ * before allowing the folios to be modified if need.
  *
- * The return value:
+ * Return:
  * 1 - the extent is locked
  * 0 - the extent is not locked, and everything is OK
- * -EAGAIN - need re-prepare the pages
- * the other < 0 number - Something wrong happens
+ * -EAGAIN - need to prepare the folios again
  */
 static noinline int
-lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
-				size_t num_pages, loff_t pos,
-				size_t write_bytes,
+lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct folio *folio,
+				loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
 				u64 *lockstart, u64 *lockend, bool nowait,
 				struct extent_state **cached_state)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
 	u64 start_pos;
 	u64 last_pos;
-	int i;
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	start_pos = round_down(pos, fs_info->sectorsize);
@@ -1008,12 +962,8 @@ lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
 		if (nowait) {
 			if (!try_lock_extent(&inode->io_tree, start_pos, last_pos,
 					     cached_state)) {
-				for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
-					unlock_page(pages[i]);
-					put_page(pages[i]);
-					pages[i] = NULL;
-				}
-
+				folio_unlock(folio);
+				folio_put(folio);
 				return -EAGAIN;
 			}
 		} else {
@@ -1027,10 +977,8 @@ lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
 		    ordered->file_offset <= last_pos) {
 			unlock_extent(&inode->io_tree, start_pos, last_pos,
 				      cached_state);
-			for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
-				unlock_page(pages[i]);
-				put_page(pages[i]);
-			}
+			folio_unlock(folio);
+			folio_put(folio);
 			btrfs_start_ordered_extent(ordered);
 			btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
 			return -EAGAIN;
@@ -1044,11 +992,10 @@ lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * We should be called after prepare_pages() which should have locked
+	 * We should be called after prepare_one_folio() which should have locked
 	 * all pages in the range.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++)
-		WARN_ON(!PageLocked(pages[i]));
+	WARN_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1120,27 +1067,7 @@ void btrfs_check_nocow_unlock(struct btrfs_inode *inode)
 	btrfs_drew_write_unlock(&inode->root->snapshot_lock);
 }
 
-static void update_time_for_write(struct inode *inode)
-{
-	struct timespec64 now, ts;
-
-	if (IS_NOCMTIME(inode))
-		return;
-
-	now = current_time(inode);
-	ts = inode_get_mtime(inode);
-	if (!timespec64_equal(&ts, &now))
-		inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, now);
-
-	ts = inode_get_ctime(inode);
-	if (!timespec64_equal(&ts, &now))
-		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, now);
-
-	if (IS_I_VERSION(inode))
-		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-}
-
-int btrfs_write_check(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from, size_t count)
+int btrfs_write_check(struct kiocb *iocb, size_t count)
 {
 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
@@ -1170,7 +1097,10 @@ int btrfs_write_check(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from, size_t count)
 	 * need to start yet another transaction to update the inode as we will
 	 * update the inode when we finish writing whatever data we write.
 	 */
-	update_time_for_write(inode);
+	if (!IS_NOCMTIME(inode)) {
+		inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
+		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
+	}
 
 	start_pos = round_down(pos, fs_info->sectorsize);
 	oldsize = i_size_read(inode);
@@ -1192,20 +1122,17 @@ ssize_t btrfs_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *i)
 	loff_t pos;
 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode_to_fs_info(inode);
-	struct page **pages = NULL;
 	struct extent_changeset *data_reserved = NULL;
 	u64 release_bytes = 0;
 	u64 lockstart;
 	u64 lockend;
 	size_t num_written = 0;
-	int nrptrs;
 	ssize_t ret;
-	bool only_release_metadata = false;
-	bool force_page_uptodate = false;
 	loff_t old_isize = i_size_read(inode);
 	unsigned int ilock_flags = 0;
 	const bool nowait = (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT);
 	unsigned int bdp_flags = (nowait ? BDP_ASYNC : 0);
+	bool only_release_metadata = false;
 
 	if (nowait)
 		ilock_flags |= BTRFS_ILOCK_TRY;
@@ -1218,38 +1145,26 @@ ssize_t btrfs_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *i)
 	if (ret <= 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	ret = btrfs_write_check(iocb, i, ret);
+	ret = btrfs_write_check(iocb, ret);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	pos = iocb->ki_pos;
-	nrptrs = min(DIV_ROUND_UP(iov_iter_count(i), PAGE_SIZE),
-			PAGE_SIZE / (sizeof(struct page *)));
-	nrptrs = min(nrptrs, current->nr_dirtied_pause - current->nr_dirtied);
-	nrptrs = max(nrptrs, 8);
-	pages = kmalloc_array(nrptrs, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!pages) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	while (iov_iter_count(i) > 0) {
 		struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
 		size_t offset = offset_in_page(pos);
 		size_t sector_offset;
-		size_t write_bytes = min(iov_iter_count(i),
-					 nrptrs * (size_t)PAGE_SIZE -
-					 offset);
-		size_t num_pages;
+		size_t write_bytes = min(iov_iter_count(i), PAGE_SIZE - offset);
 		size_t reserve_bytes;
-		size_t dirty_pages;
 		size_t copied;
 		size_t dirty_sectors;
 		size_t num_sectors;
+		struct folio *folio = NULL;
 		int extents_locked;
+		bool force_page_uptodate = false;
 
 		/*
-		 * Fault pages before locking them in prepare_pages
+		 * Fault pages before locking them in prepare_one_folio()
 		 * to avoid recursive lock
 		 */
 		if (unlikely(fault_in_iov_iter_readable(i, write_bytes))) {
@@ -1288,8 +1203,6 @@ ssize_t btrfs_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *i)
 			only_release_metadata = true;
 		}
 
-		num_pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(write_bytes + offset, PAGE_SIZE);
-		WARN_ON(num_pages > nrptrs);
 		reserve_bytes = round_up(write_bytes + sector_offset,
 					 fs_info->sectorsize);
 		WARN_ON(reserve_bytes == 0);
@@ -1317,23 +1230,17 @@ again:
 			break;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * This is going to setup the pages array with the number of
-		 * pages we want, so we don't really need to worry about the
-		 * contents of pages from loop to loop
-		 */
-		ret = prepare_pages(inode, pages, num_pages,
-				    pos, write_bytes, force_page_uptodate, false);
+		ret = prepare_one_folio(inode, &folio, pos, write_bytes,
+					force_page_uptodate, false);
 		if (ret) {
 			btrfs_delalloc_release_extents(BTRFS_I(inode),
 						       reserve_bytes);
 			break;
 		}
 
-		extents_locked = lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(
-				BTRFS_I(inode), pages,
-				num_pages, pos, write_bytes, &lockstart,
-				&lockend, nowait, &cached_state);
+		extents_locked = lock_and_cleanup_extent_if_need(BTRFS_I(inode),
+						folio, pos, write_bytes, &lockstart,
+						&lockend, nowait, &cached_state);
 		if (extents_locked < 0) {
 			if (!nowait && extents_locked == -EAGAIN)
 				goto again;
@@ -1344,28 +1251,18 @@ again:
 			break;
 		}
 
-		copied = btrfs_copy_from_user(pos, write_bytes, pages, i);
+		copied = btrfs_copy_from_user(pos, write_bytes, folio, i);
 
 		num_sectors = BTRFS_BYTES_TO_BLKS(fs_info, reserve_bytes);
 		dirty_sectors = round_up(copied + sector_offset,
 					fs_info->sectorsize);
 		dirty_sectors = BTRFS_BYTES_TO_BLKS(fs_info, dirty_sectors);
 
-		/*
-		 * if we have trouble faulting in the pages, fall
-		 * back to one page at a time
-		 */
-		if (copied < write_bytes)
-			nrptrs = 1;
-
 		if (copied == 0) {
 			force_page_uptodate = true;
 			dirty_sectors = 0;
-			dirty_pages = 0;
 		} else {
 			force_page_uptodate = false;
-			dirty_pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(copied + offset,
-						   PAGE_SIZE);
 		}
 
 		if (num_sectors > dirty_sectors) {
@@ -1375,13 +1272,10 @@ again:
 				btrfs_delalloc_release_metadata(BTRFS_I(inode),
 							release_bytes, true);
 			} else {
-				u64 __pos;
-
-				__pos = round_down(pos,
-						   fs_info->sectorsize) +
-					(dirty_pages << PAGE_SHIFT);
+				u64 release_start = round_up(pos + copied,
+							     fs_info->sectorsize);
 				btrfs_delalloc_release_space(BTRFS_I(inode),
-						data_reserved, __pos,
+						data_reserved, release_start,
 						release_bytes, true);
 			}
 		}
@@ -1389,15 +1283,14 @@ again:
 		release_bytes = round_up(copied + sector_offset,
 					fs_info->sectorsize);
 
-		ret = btrfs_dirty_pages(BTRFS_I(inode), pages,
-					dirty_pages, pos, copied,
+		ret = btrfs_dirty_folio(BTRFS_I(inode), folio, pos, copied,
 					&cached_state, only_release_metadata);
 
 		/*
 		 * If we have not locked the extent range, because the range's
 		 * start offset is >= i_size, we might still have a non-NULL
 		 * cached extent state, acquired while marking the extent range
-		 * as delalloc through btrfs_dirty_pages(). Therefore free any
+		 * as delalloc through btrfs_dirty_page(). Therefore free any
 		 * possible cached extent state to avoid a memory leak.
 		 */
 		if (extents_locked)
@@ -1408,7 +1301,7 @@ again:
 
 		btrfs_delalloc_release_extents(BTRFS_I(inode), reserve_bytes);
 		if (ret) {
-			btrfs_drop_pages(fs_info, pages, num_pages, pos, copied);
+			btrfs_drop_folio(fs_info, folio, pos, copied);
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -1416,7 +1309,7 @@ again:
 		if (only_release_metadata)
 			btrfs_check_nocow_unlock(BTRFS_I(inode));
 
-		btrfs_drop_pages(fs_info, pages, num_pages, pos, copied);
+		btrfs_drop_folio(fs_info, folio, pos, copied);
 
 		cond_resched();
 
@@ -1424,8 +1317,6 @@ again:
 		num_written += copied;
 	}
 
-	kfree(pages);
-
 	if (release_bytes) {
 		if (only_release_metadata) {
 			btrfs_check_nocow_unlock(BTRFS_I(inode));
@@ -1470,7 +1361,7 @@ static ssize_t btrfs_encoded_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 	if (ret || encoded->len == 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	ret = btrfs_write_check(iocb, from, encoded->len);
+	ret = btrfs_write_check(iocb, encoded->len);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -3802,6 +3693,7 @@ const struct file_operations btrfs_file_operations = {
 	.compat_ioctl	= btrfs_compat_ioctl,
 #endif
 	.remap_file_range = btrfs_remap_file_range,
+	.uring_cmd	= btrfs_uring_cmd,
 	.fop_flags	= FOP_BUFFER_RASYNC | FOP_BUFFER_WASYNC,
 };
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/file.h b/fs/btrfs/file.h
index 912254e653cf..de89e644be29 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/file.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/file.h
@@ -34,9 +34,8 @@ int btrfs_mark_extent_written(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 ssize_t btrfs_do_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 			    const struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args *encoded);
 int btrfs_release_file(struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
-int btrfs_dirty_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct page **pages,
-		      size_t num_pages, loff_t pos, size_t write_bytes,
-		      struct extent_state **cached, bool noreserve);
+int btrfs_dirty_folio(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct folio *folio, loff_t pos,
+		      size_t write_bytes, struct extent_state **cached, bool noreserve);
 int btrfs_fdatawrite_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode, loff_t start, loff_t end);
 int btrfs_check_nocow_lock(struct btrfs_inode *inode, loff_t pos,
 			   size_t *write_bytes, bool nowait);
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ void btrfs_check_nocow_unlock(struct btrfs_inode *inode);
 bool btrfs_find_delalloc_in_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
 				  struct extent_state **cached_state,
 				  u64 *delalloc_start_ret, u64 *delalloc_end_ret);
-int btrfs_write_check(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from, size_t count);
+int btrfs_write_check(struct kiocb *iocb, size_t count);
 ssize_t btrfs_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *i);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c b/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c
index f4bcb2530660..cfa52ef40b06 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/free-space-cache.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
 #include <linux/error-injection.h>
 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
+#include <linux/string_choices.h>
 #include "ctree.h"
 #include "fs.h"
 #include "messages.h"
@@ -1387,6 +1388,7 @@ static int __btrfs_write_out_cache(struct inode *inode,
 	int bitmaps = 0;
 	int ret;
 	int must_iput = 0;
+	int i_size;
 
 	if (!i_size_read(inode))
 		return -EIO;
@@ -1457,11 +1459,16 @@ static int __btrfs_write_out_cache(struct inode *inode,
 	io_ctl_zero_remaining_pages(io_ctl);
 
 	/* Everything is written out, now we dirty the pages in the file. */
-	ret = btrfs_dirty_pages(BTRFS_I(inode), io_ctl->pages,
-				io_ctl->num_pages, 0, i_size_read(inode),
-				&cached_state, false);
-	if (ret)
-		goto out_nospc;
+	i_size = i_size_read(inode);
+	for (int i = 0; i < round_up(i_size, PAGE_SIZE) / PAGE_SIZE; i++) {
+		u64 dirty_start = i * PAGE_SIZE;
+		u64 dirty_len = min_t(u64, dirty_start + PAGE_SIZE, i_size) - dirty_start;
+
+		ret = btrfs_dirty_folio(BTRFS_I(inode), page_folio(io_ctl->pages[i]),
+					dirty_start, dirty_len, &cached_state, false);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto out_nospc;
+	}
 
 	if (block_group && (block_group->flags & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_DATA))
 		up_write(&block_group->data_rwsem);
@@ -2936,12 +2943,11 @@ void btrfs_dump_free_space(struct btrfs_block_group *block_group,
 		if (info->bytes >= bytes && !block_group->ro)
 			count++;
 		btrfs_crit(fs_info, "entry offset %llu, bytes %llu, bitmap %s",
-			   info->offset, info->bytes,
-		       (info->bitmap) ? "yes" : "no");
+			   info->offset, info->bytes, str_yes_no(info->bitmap));
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&ctl->tree_lock);
 	btrfs_info(fs_info, "block group has cluster?: %s",
-	       list_empty(&block_group->cluster_list) ? "no" : "yes");
+	       str_no_yes(list_empty(&block_group->cluster_list)));
 	btrfs_info(fs_info,
 		   "%d free space entries at or bigger than %llu bytes",
 		   count, bytes);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/fs.h b/fs/btrfs/fs.h
index 79f64e383edd..79a1a3d6f04d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/fs.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/fs.h
@@ -263,10 +263,10 @@ enum {
 	 BTRFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_ZONED		|	\
 	 BTRFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SIMPLE_QUOTA)
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 	/*
 	 * Features under developmen like Extent tree v2 support is enabled
-	 * only under CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG.
+	 * only under CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 	 */
 #define BTRFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SUPP		\
 	(BTRFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SUPP_STABLE |	\
@@ -317,6 +317,8 @@ struct btrfs_dev_replace {
 
 	struct percpu_counter bio_counter;
 	wait_queue_head_t replace_wait;
+
+	struct task_struct *replace_task;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -633,9 +635,10 @@ struct btrfs_fs_info {
 	s32 delalloc_batch;
 
 	struct percpu_counter evictable_extent_maps;
-	spinlock_t extent_map_shrinker_lock;
-	u64 extent_map_shrinker_last_root;
-	u64 extent_map_shrinker_last_ino;
+	u64 em_shrinker_last_root;
+	u64 em_shrinker_last_ino;
+	atomic64_t em_shrinker_nr_to_scan;
+	struct work_struct em_shrinker_work;
 
 	/* Protected by 'trans_lock'. */
 	struct list_head dirty_cowonly_roots;
@@ -876,12 +879,9 @@ struct btrfs_fs_info {
 #endif
 };
 
-#define page_to_inode(_page)	(BTRFS_I(_Generic((_page),			\
-					  struct page *: (_page))->mapping->host))
 #define folio_to_inode(_folio)	(BTRFS_I(_Generic((_folio),			\
 					  struct folio *: (_folio))->mapping->host))
 
-#define page_to_fs_info(_page)	 (page_to_inode(_page)->root->fs_info)
 #define folio_to_fs_info(_folio) (folio_to_inode(_folio)->root->fs_info)
 
 #define inode_to_fs_info(_inode) (BTRFS_I(_Generic((_inode),			\
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/inode.c b/fs/btrfs/inode.c
index 1e4ca1e7d2e5..03fe0de2cd0d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/inode.c
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ static inline void btrfs_cleanup_ordered_extents(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			index++;
 			continue;
 		}
-		folio = __filemap_get_folio(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping, index, 0, 0);
+		folio = filemap_get_folio(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping, index);
 		index++;
 		if (IS_ERR(folio))
 			continue;
@@ -556,8 +556,7 @@ static int insert_inline_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	} else {
 		struct folio *folio;
 
-		folio = __filemap_get_folio(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping,
-					    0, 0, 0);
+		folio = filemap_get_folio(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping, 0);
 		ASSERT(!IS_ERR(folio));
 		btrfs_set_file_extent_compression(leaf, ei, 0);
 		kaddr = kmap_local_folio(folio, 0);
@@ -646,7 +645,7 @@ static bool can_cow_file_range_inline(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
  * If being used directly, you must have already checked we're allowed to cow
  * the range by getting true from can_cow_file_range_inline().
  */
-static noinline int __cow_file_range_inline(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 offset,
+static noinline int __cow_file_range_inline(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 					    u64 size, size_t compressed_size,
 					    int compress_type,
 					    struct folio *compressed_folio,
@@ -736,7 +735,7 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range_inline(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		return 1;
 
 	lock_extent(&inode->io_tree, offset, end, &cached);
-	ret = __cow_file_range_inline(inode, offset, size, compressed_size,
+	ret = __cow_file_range_inline(inode, size, compressed_size,
 				      compress_type, compressed_folio,
 				      update_i_size);
 	if (ret > 0) {
@@ -832,32 +831,16 @@ static inline int inode_need_compress(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start,
 		return 0;
 	}
 	/*
-	 * Special check for subpage.
+	 * Only enable sector perfect compression for experimental builds.
 	 *
-	 * We lock the full page then run each delalloc range in the page, thus
-	 * for the following case, we will hit some subpage specific corner case:
+	 * This is a big feature change for subpage cases, and can hit
+	 * different corner cases, so only limit this feature for
+	 * experimental build for now.
 	 *
-	 * 0		32K		64K
-	 * |	|///////|	|///////|
-	 *		\- A		\- B
-	 *
-	 * In above case, both range A and range B will try to unlock the full
-	 * page [0, 64K), causing the one finished later will have page
-	 * unlocked already, triggering various page lock requirement BUG_ON()s.
-	 *
-	 * So here we add an artificial limit that subpage compression can only
-	 * if the range is fully page aligned.
-	 *
-	 * In theory we only need to ensure the first page is fully covered, but
-	 * the tailing partial page will be locked until the full compression
-	 * finishes, delaying the write of other range.
-	 *
-	 * TODO: Make btrfs_run_delalloc_range() to lock all delalloc range
-	 * first to prevent any submitted async extent to unlock the full page.
-	 * By this, we can ensure for subpage case that only the last async_cow
-	 * will unlock the full page.
+	 * ETA for moving this out of experimental builds is 6.15.
 	 */
-	if (fs_info->sectorsize < PAGE_SIZE) {
+	if (fs_info->sectorsize < PAGE_SIZE &&
+	    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL)) {
 		if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(start) ||
 		    !PAGE_ALIGNED(end + 1))
 			return 0;
@@ -896,13 +879,14 @@ static int extent_range_clear_dirty_for_io(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 e
 
 	for (unsigned long index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	     index <= end_index; index++) {
-		folio = __filemap_get_folio(inode->i_mapping, index, 0, 0);
+		folio = filemap_get_folio(inode->i_mapping, index);
 		if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
 			if (!ret)
 				ret = PTR_ERR(folio);
 			continue;
 		}
-		folio_clear_dirty_for_io(folio);
+		btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_dirty(inode_to_fs_info(inode), folio, start,
+					      end + 1 - start);
 		folio_put(folio);
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -1001,17 +985,6 @@ again:
 	   (start > 0 || end + 1 < inode->disk_i_size))
 		goto cleanup_and_bail_uncompressed;
 
-	/*
-	 * For subpage case, we require full page alignment for the sector
-	 * aligned range.
-	 * Thus we must also check against @actual_end, not just @end.
-	 */
-	if (blocksize < PAGE_SIZE) {
-		if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(start) ||
-		    !PAGE_ALIGNED(round_up(actual_end, blocksize)))
-			goto cleanup_and_bail_uncompressed;
-	}
-
 	total_compressed = min_t(unsigned long, total_compressed,
 			BTRFS_MAX_UNCOMPRESSED);
 	total_in = 0;
@@ -1359,7 +1332,6 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 	u64 alloc_hint = 0;
 	u64 orig_start = start;
 	u64 num_bytes;
-	unsigned long ram_size;
 	u64 cur_alloc_size = 0;
 	u64 min_alloc_size;
 	u64 blocksize = fs_info->sectorsize;
@@ -1367,7 +1339,6 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 	struct extent_map *em;
 	unsigned clear_bits;
 	unsigned long page_ops;
-	bool extent_reserved = false;
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	if (btrfs_is_free_space_inode(inode)) {
@@ -1421,8 +1392,7 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
 		struct btrfs_file_extent file_extent;
 
-		cur_alloc_size = num_bytes;
-		ret = btrfs_reserve_extent(root, cur_alloc_size, cur_alloc_size,
+		ret = btrfs_reserve_extent(root, num_bytes, num_bytes,
 					   min_alloc_size, 0, alloc_hint,
 					   &ins, 1, 1);
 		if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
@@ -1453,9 +1423,7 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		if (ret < 0)
 			goto out_unlock;
 		cur_alloc_size = ins.offset;
-		extent_reserved = true;
 
-		ram_size = ins.offset;
 		file_extent.disk_bytenr = ins.objectid;
 		file_extent.disk_num_bytes = ins.offset;
 		file_extent.num_bytes = ins.offset;
@@ -1463,14 +1431,14 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		file_extent.offset = 0;
 		file_extent.compression = BTRFS_COMPRESS_NONE;
 
-		lock_extent(&inode->io_tree, start, start + ram_size - 1,
+		lock_extent(&inode->io_tree, start, start + cur_alloc_size - 1,
 			    &cached);
 
 		em = btrfs_create_io_em(inode, start, &file_extent,
 					BTRFS_ORDERED_REGULAR);
 		if (IS_ERR(em)) {
 			unlock_extent(&inode->io_tree, start,
-				      start + ram_size - 1, &cached);
+				      start + cur_alloc_size - 1, &cached);
 			ret = PTR_ERR(em);
 			goto out_reserve;
 		}
@@ -1480,7 +1448,7 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 						     1 << BTRFS_ORDERED_REGULAR);
 		if (IS_ERR(ordered)) {
 			unlock_extent(&inode->io_tree, start,
-				      start + ram_size - 1, &cached);
+				      start + cur_alloc_size - 1, &cached);
 			ret = PTR_ERR(ordered);
 			goto out_drop_extent_cache;
 		}
@@ -1501,7 +1469,7 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			 */
 			if (ret)
 				btrfs_drop_extent_map_range(inode, start,
-							    start + ram_size - 1,
+							    start + cur_alloc_size - 1,
 							    false);
 		}
 		btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
@@ -1513,13 +1481,13 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		 * (which the caller expects to stay locked), don't clear any
 		 * dirty bits and don't set any writeback bits
 		 *
-		 * Do set the Ordered (Private2) bit so we know this page was
+		 * Do set the Ordered flag so we know this page was
 		 * properly setup for writepage.
 		 */
 		page_ops = (keep_locked ? 0 : PAGE_UNLOCK);
 		page_ops |= PAGE_SET_ORDERED;
 
-		extent_clear_unlock_delalloc(inode, start, start + ram_size - 1,
+		extent_clear_unlock_delalloc(inode, start, start + cur_alloc_size - 1,
 					     locked_folio, &cached,
 					     EXTENT_LOCKED | EXTENT_DELALLOC,
 					     page_ops);
@@ -1529,7 +1497,7 @@ static noinline int cow_file_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			num_bytes -= cur_alloc_size;
 		alloc_hint = ins.objectid + ins.offset;
 		start += cur_alloc_size;
-		extent_reserved = false;
+		cur_alloc_size = 0;
 
 		/*
 		 * btrfs_reloc_clone_csums() error, since start is increased
@@ -1545,7 +1513,7 @@ done:
 	return ret;
 
 out_drop_extent_cache:
-	btrfs_drop_extent_map_range(inode, start, start + ram_size - 1, false);
+	btrfs_drop_extent_map_range(inode, start, start + cur_alloc_size - 1, false);
 out_reserve:
 	btrfs_dec_block_group_reservations(fs_info, ins.objectid);
 	btrfs_free_reserved_extent(fs_info, ins.objectid, ins.offset, 1);
@@ -1599,13 +1567,12 @@ out_unlock:
 	 * to decrement again the data space_info's bytes_may_use counter,
 	 * therefore we do not pass it the flag EXTENT_CLEAR_DATA_RESV.
 	 */
-	if (extent_reserved) {
+	if (cur_alloc_size) {
 		extent_clear_unlock_delalloc(inode, start,
 					     start + cur_alloc_size - 1,
 					     locked_folio, &cached, clear_bits,
 					     page_ops);
 		btrfs_qgroup_free_data(inode, NULL, start, cur_alloc_size, NULL);
-		start += cur_alloc_size;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1614,11 +1581,13 @@ out_unlock:
 	 * space_info's bytes_may_use counter, reserved in
 	 * btrfs_check_data_free_space().
 	 */
-	if (start < end) {
+	if (start + cur_alloc_size < end) {
 		clear_bits |= EXTENT_CLEAR_DATA_RESV;
-		extent_clear_unlock_delalloc(inode, start, end, locked_folio,
+		extent_clear_unlock_delalloc(inode, start + cur_alloc_size,
+					     end, locked_folio,
 					     &cached, clear_bits, page_ops);
-		btrfs_qgroup_free_data(inode, NULL, start, end - start + 1, NULL);
+		btrfs_qgroup_free_data(inode, NULL, start + cur_alloc_size,
+				       end - start - cur_alloc_size + 1, NULL);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1729,7 +1698,7 @@ static bool run_delalloc_compressed(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 			 * need full accuracy.  Just account the whole thing
 			 * against the first page.
 			 */
-			wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, &locked_folio->page,
+			wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, locked_folio,
 						 cur_end - start);
 			async_chunk[i].locked_folio = locked_folio;
 			locked_folio = NULL;
@@ -3094,34 +3063,6 @@ int btrfs_finish_one_ordered(struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered_extent)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	if (test_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_NOCOW, &ordered_extent->flags)) {
-		BUG_ON(!list_empty(&ordered_extent->list)); /* Logic error */
-
-		btrfs_inode_safe_disk_i_size_write(inode, 0);
-		if (freespace_inode)
-			trans = btrfs_join_transaction_spacecache(root);
-		else
-			trans = btrfs_join_transaction(root);
-		if (IS_ERR(trans)) {
-			ret = PTR_ERR(trans);
-			trans = NULL;
-			goto out;
-		}
-		trans->block_rsv = &inode->block_rsv;
-		ret = btrfs_update_inode_fallback(trans, inode);
-		if (ret) /* -ENOMEM or corruption */
-			btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
-
-		ret = btrfs_insert_raid_extent(trans, ordered_extent);
-		if (ret)
-			btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
-
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	clear_bits |= EXTENT_LOCKED;
-	lock_extent(io_tree, start, end, &cached_state);
-
 	if (freespace_inode)
 		trans = btrfs_join_transaction_spacecache(root);
 	else
@@ -3135,8 +3076,31 @@ int btrfs_finish_one_ordered(struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered_extent)
 	trans->block_rsv = &inode->block_rsv;
 
 	ret = btrfs_insert_raid_extent(trans, ordered_extent);
-	if (ret)
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (test_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_NOCOW, &ordered_extent->flags)) {
+		/* Logic error */
+		ASSERT(list_empty(&ordered_extent->list));
+		if (!list_empty(&ordered_extent->list)) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		btrfs_inode_safe_disk_i_size_write(inode, 0);
+		ret = btrfs_update_inode_fallback(trans, inode);
+		if (ret) {
+			/* -ENOMEM or corruption */
+			btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
+		}
 		goto out;
+	}
+
+	clear_bits |= EXTENT_LOCKED;
+	lock_extent(io_tree, start, end, &cached_state);
 
 	if (test_bit(BTRFS_ORDERED_COMPRESSED, &ordered_extent->flags))
 		compress_type = ordered_extent->compress_type;
@@ -3791,14 +3755,45 @@ static int btrfs_init_file_extent_tree(struct btrfs_inode *inode)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int btrfs_add_inode_to_root(struct btrfs_inode *inode, bool prealloc)
+{
+	struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
+	struct btrfs_inode *existing;
+	const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
+	int ret;
+
+	if (inode_unhashed(&inode->vfs_inode))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (prealloc) {
+		ret = xa_reserve(&root->inodes, ino, GFP_NOFS);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	existing = xa_store(&root->inodes, ino, inode, GFP_ATOMIC);
+
+	if (xa_is_err(existing)) {
+		ret = xa_err(existing);
+		ASSERT(ret != -EINVAL);
+		ASSERT(ret != -ENOMEM);
+		return ret;
+	} else if (existing) {
+		WARN_ON(!(existing->vfs_inode.i_state & (I_WILL_FREE | I_FREEING)));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
- * read an inode from the btree into the in-memory inode
+ * Read a locked inode from the btree into the in-memory inode and add it to
+ * its root list/tree.
+ *
+ * On failure clean up the inode.
  */
-static int btrfs_read_locked_inode(struct inode *inode,
-				   struct btrfs_path *in_path)
+static int btrfs_read_locked_inode(struct inode *inode, struct btrfs_path *path)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode_to_fs_info(inode);
-	struct btrfs_path *path = in_path;
 	struct extent_buffer *leaf;
 	struct btrfs_inode_item *inode_item;
 	struct btrfs_root *root = BTRFS_I(inode)->root;
@@ -3812,25 +3807,25 @@ static int btrfs_read_locked_inode(struct inode *inode,
 
 	ret = btrfs_init_file_extent_tree(BTRFS_I(inode));
 	if (ret)
-		return ret;
+		goto out;
 
 	ret = btrfs_fill_inode(inode, &rdev);
 	if (!ret)
 		filled = true;
 
-	if (!path) {
-		path = btrfs_alloc_path();
-		if (!path)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-	}
+	ASSERT(path);
 
 	btrfs_get_inode_key(BTRFS_I(inode), &location);
 
 	ret = btrfs_lookup_inode(NULL, root, path, &location, 0);
 	if (ret) {
-		if (path != in_path)
-			btrfs_free_path(path);
-		return ret;
+		/*
+		 * ret > 0 can come from btrfs_search_slot called by
+		 * btrfs_lookup_inode(), this means the inode was not found.
+		 */
+		if (ret > 0)
+			ret = -ENOENT;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	leaf = path->nodes[0];
@@ -3965,8 +3960,6 @@ cache_acl:
 				  btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)),
 				  btrfs_root_id(root), ret);
 	}
-	if (path != in_path)
-		btrfs_free_path(path);
 
 	if (!maybe_acls)
 		cache_no_acl(inode);
@@ -3993,7 +3986,15 @@ cache_acl:
 	}
 
 	btrfs_sync_inode_flags_to_i_flags(inode);
+
+	ret = btrfs_add_inode_to_root(BTRFS_I(inode), true);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
 	return 0;
+out:
+	iget_failed(inode);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5502,35 +5503,7 @@ out:
 	return err;
 }
 
-static int btrfs_add_inode_to_root(struct btrfs_inode *inode, bool prealloc)
-{
-	struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
-	struct btrfs_inode *existing;
-	const u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
-	int ret;
-
-	if (inode_unhashed(&inode->vfs_inode))
-		return 0;
 
-	if (prealloc) {
-		ret = xa_reserve(&root->inodes, ino, GFP_NOFS);
-		if (ret)
-			return ret;
-	}
-
-	existing = xa_store(&root->inodes, ino, inode, GFP_ATOMIC);
-
-	if (xa_is_err(existing)) {
-		ret = xa_err(existing);
-		ASSERT(ret != -EINVAL);
-		ASSERT(ret != -ENOMEM);
-		return ret;
-	} else if (existing) {
-		WARN_ON(!(existing->vfs_inode.i_state & (I_WILL_FREE | I_FREEING)));
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
 
 static void btrfs_del_inode_from_root(struct btrfs_inode *inode)
 {
@@ -5592,10 +5565,8 @@ static struct inode *btrfs_iget_locked(u64 ino, struct btrfs_root *root)
 }
 
 /*
- * Get an inode object given its inode number and corresponding root.
- * Path can be preallocated to prevent recursing back to iget through
- * allocator. NULL is also valid but may require an additional allocation
- * later.
+ * Get an inode object given its inode number and corresponding root.  Path is
+ * preallocated to prevent recursing back to iget through allocator.
  */
 struct inode *btrfs_iget_path(u64 ino, struct btrfs_root *root,
 			      struct btrfs_path *path)
@@ -5611,30 +5582,40 @@ struct inode *btrfs_iget_path(u64 ino, struct btrfs_root *root,
 		return inode;
 
 	ret = btrfs_read_locked_inode(inode, path);
-	/*
-	 * ret > 0 can come from btrfs_search_slot called by
-	 * btrfs_read_locked_inode(), this means the inode item was not found.
-	 */
-	if (ret > 0)
-		ret = -ENOENT;
-	if (ret < 0)
-		goto error;
-
-	ret = btrfs_add_inode_to_root(BTRFS_I(inode), true);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		goto error;
+	if (ret)
+		return ERR_PTR(ret);
 
 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
-
 	return inode;
-error:
-	iget_failed(inode);
-	return ERR_PTR(ret);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Get an inode object given its inode number and corresponding root.
+ */
 struct inode *btrfs_iget(u64 ino, struct btrfs_root *root)
 {
-	return btrfs_iget_path(ino, root, NULL);
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct btrfs_path *path;
+	int ret;
+
+	inode = btrfs_iget_locked(ino, root);
+	if (!inode)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW))
+		return inode;
+
+	path = btrfs_alloc_path();
+	if (!path)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	ret = btrfs_read_locked_inode(inode, path);
+	btrfs_free_path(path);
+	if (ret)
+		return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	return inode;
 }
 
 static struct inode *new_simple_dir(struct inode *dir,
@@ -6023,7 +6004,7 @@ again:
 	 * offset.  This means that new entries created during readdir
 	 * are *guaranteed* to be seen in the future by that readdir.
 	 * This has broken buggy programs which operate on names as
-	 * they're returned by readdir.  Until we re-use freed offsets
+	 * they're returned by readdir.  Until we reuse freed offsets
 	 * we have this hack to stop new entries from being returned
 	 * under the assumption that they'll never reach this huge
 	 * offset.
@@ -6765,8 +6746,7 @@ static noinline int uncompress_inline(struct btrfs_path *path,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int read_inline_extent(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct btrfs_path *path,
-			      struct folio *folio)
+static int read_inline_extent(struct btrfs_path *path, struct folio *folio)
 {
 	struct btrfs_file_extent_item *fi;
 	void *kaddr;
@@ -6964,7 +6944,7 @@ next:
 		ASSERT(em->disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_INLINE);
 		ASSERT(em->len == fs_info->sectorsize);
 
-		ret = read_inline_extent(inode, path, folio);
+		ret = read_inline_extent(path, folio);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			goto out;
 		goto insert;
@@ -7294,7 +7274,7 @@ static void btrfs_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset,
 	 *
 	 * But already submitted bio can still be finished on this folio.
 	 * Furthermore, endio function won't skip folio which has Ordered
-	 * (Private2) already cleared, so it's possible for endio and
+	 * already cleared, so it's possible for endio and
 	 * invalidate_folio to do the same ordered extent accounting twice
 	 * on one folio.
 	 *
@@ -7360,7 +7340,7 @@ static void btrfs_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset,
 		range_len = range_end + 1 - cur;
 		if (!btrfs_folio_test_ordered(fs_info, folio, cur, range_len)) {
 			/*
-			 * If Ordered (Private2) is cleared, it means endio has
+			 * If Ordered is cleared, it means endio has
 			 * already been executed for the range.
 			 * We can't delete the extent states as
 			 * btrfs_finish_ordered_io() may still use some of them.
@@ -7433,7 +7413,7 @@ next:
 	}
 	/*
 	 * We have iterated through all ordered extents of the page, the page
-	 * should not have Ordered (Private2) anymore, or the above iteration
+	 * should not have Ordered anymore, or the above iteration
 	 * did something wrong.
 	 */
 	ASSERT(!folio_test_ordered(folio));
@@ -8972,28 +8952,6 @@ out_inode:
 	return finish_open_simple(file, ret);
 }
 
-void btrfs_set_range_writeback(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end)
-{
-	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
-	unsigned long index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	unsigned long end_index = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	struct folio *folio;
-	u32 len;
-
-	ASSERT(end + 1 - start <= U32_MAX);
-	len = end + 1 - start;
-	while (index <= end_index) {
-		folio = __filemap_get_folio(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping, index, 0, 0);
-		ASSERT(!IS_ERR(folio)); /* folios should be in the extent_io_tree */
-
-		/* This is for data, which doesn't yet support larger folio. */
-		ASSERT(folio_order(folio) == 0);
-		btrfs_folio_set_writeback(fs_info, folio, start, len);
-		folio_put(folio);
-		index++;
-	}
-}
-
 int btrfs_encoded_io_compression_from_extent(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 					     int compress_type)
 {
@@ -9038,12 +8996,16 @@ static ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read_inline(
 	unsigned long ptr;
 	void *tmp;
 	ssize_t ret;
+	const bool nowait = (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT);
 
 	path = btrfs_alloc_path();
 	if (!path) {
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
 		goto out;
 	}
+
+	path->nowait = nowait;
+
 	ret = btrfs_lookup_file_extent(NULL, root, path, btrfs_ino(inode),
 				       extent_start, 0);
 	if (ret) {
@@ -9107,6 +9069,7 @@ out:
 
 struct btrfs_encoded_read_private {
 	wait_queue_head_t wait;
+	void *uring_ctx;
 	atomic_t pending;
 	blk_status_t status;
 };
@@ -9126,26 +9089,40 @@ static void btrfs_encoded_read_endio(struct btrfs_bio *bbio)
 		 */
 		WRITE_ONCE(priv->status, bbio->bio.bi_status);
 	}
-	if (!atomic_dec_return(&priv->pending))
-		wake_up(&priv->wait);
+	if (atomic_dec_return(&priv->pending) == 0) {
+		int err = blk_status_to_errno(READ_ONCE(priv->status));
+
+		if (priv->uring_ctx) {
+			btrfs_uring_read_extent_endio(priv->uring_ctx, err);
+			kfree(priv);
+		} else {
+			wake_up(&priv->wait);
+		}
+	}
 	bio_put(&bbio->bio);
 }
 
 int btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
-					  u64 file_offset, u64 disk_bytenr,
-					  u64 disk_io_size, struct page **pages)
+					  u64 disk_bytenr, u64 disk_io_size,
+					  struct page **pages, void *uring_ctx)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
-	struct btrfs_encoded_read_private priv = {
-		.pending = ATOMIC_INIT(1),
-	};
+	struct btrfs_encoded_read_private *priv;
 	unsigned long i = 0;
 	struct btrfs_bio *bbio;
+	int ret;
+
+	priv = kmalloc(sizeof(struct btrfs_encoded_read_private), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!priv)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	init_waitqueue_head(&priv.wait);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&priv->wait);
+	atomic_set(&priv->pending, 1);
+	priv->status = 0;
+	priv->uring_ctx = uring_ctx;
 
 	bbio = btrfs_bio_alloc(BIO_MAX_VECS, REQ_OP_READ, fs_info,
-			       btrfs_encoded_read_endio, &priv);
+			       btrfs_encoded_read_endio, priv);
 	bbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = disk_bytenr >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
 	bbio->inode = inode;
 
@@ -9153,11 +9130,11 @@ int btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		size_t bytes = min_t(u64, disk_io_size, PAGE_SIZE);
 
 		if (bio_add_page(&bbio->bio, pages[i], bytes, 0) < bytes) {
-			atomic_inc(&priv.pending);
+			atomic_inc(&priv->pending);
 			btrfs_submit_bbio(bbio, 0);
 
 			bbio = btrfs_bio_alloc(BIO_MAX_VECS, REQ_OP_READ, fs_info,
-					       btrfs_encoded_read_endio, &priv);
+					       btrfs_encoded_read_endio, priv);
 			bbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = disk_bytenr >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
 			bbio->inode = inode;
 			continue;
@@ -9168,22 +9145,33 @@ int btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 		disk_io_size -= bytes;
 	} while (disk_io_size);
 
-	atomic_inc(&priv.pending);
+	atomic_inc(&priv->pending);
 	btrfs_submit_bbio(bbio, 0);
 
-	if (atomic_dec_return(&priv.pending))
-		io_wait_event(priv.wait, !atomic_read(&priv.pending));
-	/* See btrfs_encoded_read_endio() for ordering. */
-	return blk_status_to_errno(READ_ONCE(priv.status));
+	if (uring_ctx) {
+		if (atomic_dec_return(&priv->pending) == 0) {
+			ret = blk_status_to_errno(READ_ONCE(priv->status));
+			btrfs_uring_read_extent_endio(uring_ctx, ret);
+			kfree(priv);
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		return -EIOCBQUEUED;
+	} else {
+		if (atomic_dec_return(&priv->pending) != 0)
+			io_wait_event(priv->wait, !atomic_read(&priv->pending));
+		/* See btrfs_encoded_read_endio() for ordering. */
+		ret = blk_status_to_errno(READ_ONCE(priv->status));
+		kfree(priv);
+		return ret;
+	}
 }
 
-static ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read_regular(struct kiocb *iocb,
-					  struct iov_iter *iter,
-					  u64 start, u64 lockend,
-					  struct extent_state **cached_state,
-					  u64 disk_bytenr, u64 disk_io_size,
-					  size_t count, bool compressed,
-					  bool *unlocked)
+ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read_regular(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
+				   u64 start, u64 lockend,
+				   struct extent_state **cached_state,
+				   u64 disk_bytenr, u64 disk_io_size,
+				   size_t count, bool compressed, bool *unlocked)
 {
 	struct btrfs_inode *inode = BTRFS_I(file_inode(iocb->ki_filp));
 	struct extent_io_tree *io_tree = &inode->io_tree;
@@ -9203,8 +9191,8 @@ static ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read_regular(struct kiocb *iocb,
 		goto out;
 		}
 
-	ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(inode, start, disk_bytenr,
-						    disk_io_size, pages);
+	ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(inode, disk_bytenr,
+						    disk_io_size, pages, NULL);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -9244,21 +9232,26 @@ out:
 }
 
 ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
-			   struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args *encoded)
+			   struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args *encoded,
+			   struct extent_state **cached_state,
+			   u64 *disk_bytenr, u64 *disk_io_size)
 {
 	struct btrfs_inode *inode = BTRFS_I(file_inode(iocb->ki_filp));
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
 	struct extent_io_tree *io_tree = &inode->io_tree;
 	ssize_t ret;
 	size_t count = iov_iter_count(iter);
-	u64 start, lockend, disk_bytenr, disk_io_size;
-	struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
+	u64 start, lockend;
 	struct extent_map *em;
+	const bool nowait = (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT);
 	bool unlocked = false;
 
 	file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
 
-	btrfs_inode_lock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
+	ret = btrfs_inode_lock(inode,
+			       BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED | (nowait ? BTRFS_ILOCK_TRY : 0));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	if (iocb->ki_pos >= inode->vfs_inode.i_size) {
 		btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
@@ -9271,21 +9264,46 @@ ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
 	 */
 	lockend = start + BTRFS_MAX_UNCOMPRESSED - 1;
 
-	for (;;) {
+	if (nowait) {
 		struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
 
-		ret = btrfs_wait_ordered_range(inode, start,
-					       lockend - start + 1);
-		if (ret)
+		if (filemap_range_needs_writeback(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping,
+						  start, lockend)) {
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+			goto out_unlock_inode;
+		}
+
+		if (!try_lock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, cached_state)) {
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
 			goto out_unlock_inode;
-		lock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+		}
+
 		ordered = btrfs_lookup_ordered_range(inode, start,
 						     lockend - start + 1);
-		if (!ordered)
-			break;
-		btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
-		unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
-		cond_resched();
+		if (ordered) {
+			btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
+			unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, cached_state);
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+			goto out_unlock_inode;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for (;;) {
+			struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
+
+			ret = btrfs_wait_ordered_range(inode, start,
+						       lockend - start + 1);
+			if (ret)
+				goto out_unlock_inode;
+
+			lock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, cached_state);
+			ordered = btrfs_lookup_ordered_range(inode, start,
+							     lockend - start + 1);
+			if (!ordered)
+				break;
+			btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
+			unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, cached_state);
+			cond_resched();
+		}
 	}
 
 	em = btrfs_get_extent(inode, NULL, start, lockend - start + 1);
@@ -9304,9 +9322,9 @@ ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
 		free_extent_map(em);
 		em = NULL;
 		ret = btrfs_encoded_read_inline(iocb, iter, start, lockend,
-						&cached_state, extent_start,
+						cached_state, extent_start,
 						count, encoded, &unlocked);
-		goto out;
+		goto out_unlock_extent;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -9317,12 +9335,12 @@ ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
 			     inode->vfs_inode.i_size) - iocb->ki_pos;
 	if (em->disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_HOLE ||
 	    (em->flags & EXTENT_FLAG_PREALLOC)) {
-		disk_bytenr = EXTENT_MAP_HOLE;
+		*disk_bytenr = EXTENT_MAP_HOLE;
 		count = min_t(u64, count, encoded->len);
 		encoded->len = count;
 		encoded->unencoded_len = count;
 	} else if (extent_map_is_compressed(em)) {
-		disk_bytenr = em->disk_bytenr;
+		*disk_bytenr = em->disk_bytenr;
 		/*
 		 * Bail if the buffer isn't large enough to return the whole
 		 * compressed extent.
@@ -9331,7 +9349,7 @@ ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
 			ret = -ENOBUFS;
 			goto out_em;
 		}
-		disk_io_size = em->disk_num_bytes;
+		*disk_io_size = em->disk_num_bytes;
 		count = em->disk_num_bytes;
 		encoded->unencoded_len = em->ram_bytes;
 		encoded->unencoded_offset = iocb->ki_pos - (em->start - em->offset);
@@ -9341,47 +9359,42 @@ ssize_t btrfs_encoded_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
 			goto out_em;
 		encoded->compression = ret;
 	} else {
-		disk_bytenr = extent_map_block_start(em) + (start - em->start);
+		*disk_bytenr = extent_map_block_start(em) + (start - em->start);
 		if (encoded->len > count)
 			encoded->len = count;
 		/*
 		 * Don't read beyond what we locked. This also limits the page
 		 * allocations that we'll do.
 		 */
-		disk_io_size = min(lockend + 1, iocb->ki_pos + encoded->len) - start;
-		count = start + disk_io_size - iocb->ki_pos;
+		*disk_io_size = min(lockend + 1, iocb->ki_pos + encoded->len) - start;
+		count = start + *disk_io_size - iocb->ki_pos;
 		encoded->len = count;
 		encoded->unencoded_len = count;
-		disk_io_size = ALIGN(disk_io_size, fs_info->sectorsize);
+		*disk_io_size = ALIGN(*disk_io_size, fs_info->sectorsize);
 	}
 	free_extent_map(em);
 	em = NULL;
 
-	if (disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_HOLE) {
-		unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+	if (*disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_HOLE) {
+		unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, cached_state);
 		btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
 		unlocked = true;
 		ret = iov_iter_zero(count, iter);
 		if (ret != count)
 			ret = -EFAULT;
 	} else {
-		ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular(iocb, iter, start, lockend,
-						 &cached_state, disk_bytenr,
-						 disk_io_size, count,
-						 encoded->compression,
-						 &unlocked);
+		ret = -EIOCBQUEUED;
+		goto out_unlock_extent;
 	}
 
-out:
-	if (ret >= 0)
-		iocb->ki_pos += encoded->len;
 out_em:
 	free_extent_map(em);
 out_unlock_extent:
-	if (!unlocked)
-		unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+	/* Leave inode and extent locked if we need to do a read. */
+	if (!unlocked && ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, cached_state);
 out_unlock_inode:
-	if (!unlocked)
+	if (!unlocked && ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
 		btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -9492,7 +9505,7 @@ ssize_t btrfs_do_encoded_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 	 */
 	disk_num_bytes = ALIGN(orig_count, fs_info->sectorsize);
 	nr_folios = DIV_ROUND_UP(disk_num_bytes, PAGE_SIZE);
-	folios = kvcalloc(nr_folios, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
+	folios = kvcalloc(nr_folios, sizeof(struct folio *), GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
 	if (!folios)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_folios; i++) {
@@ -9556,7 +9569,7 @@ ssize_t btrfs_do_encoded_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 	if (encoded->unencoded_len == encoded->len &&
 	    encoded->unencoded_offset == 0 &&
 	    can_cow_file_range_inline(inode, start, encoded->len, orig_count)) {
-		ret = __cow_file_range_inline(inode, start, encoded->len,
+		ret = __cow_file_range_inline(inode, encoded->len,
 					      orig_count, compression, folios[0],
 					      true);
 		if (ret <= 0) {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c b/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
index 226c91fe31a7..c9302d193187 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <linux/fileattr.h>
 #include <linux/fsverity.h>
 #include <linux/sched/xacct.h>
+#include <linux/io_uring/cmd.h>
 #include "ctree.h"
 #include "disk-io.h"
 #include "export.h"
@@ -1048,7 +1049,6 @@ static noinline int btrfs_mksnapshot(const struct path *parent,
 				   struct btrfs_qgroup_inherit *inherit)
 {
 	int ret;
-	bool snapshot_force_cow = false;
 
 	/*
 	 * Force new buffered writes to reserve space even when NOCOW is
@@ -1067,15 +1067,13 @@ static noinline int btrfs_mksnapshot(const struct path *parent,
 	 * creation.
 	 */
 	atomic_inc(&root->snapshot_force_cow);
-	snapshot_force_cow = true;
 
 	btrfs_wait_ordered_extents(root, U64_MAX, NULL);
 
 	ret = btrfs_mksubvol(parent, idmap, name, namelen,
 			     root, readonly, inherit);
+	atomic_dec(&root->snapshot_force_cow);
 out:
-	if (snapshot_force_cow)
-		atomic_dec(&root->snapshot_force_cow);
 	btrfs_drew_read_unlock(&root->snapshot_lock);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1308,9 +1306,9 @@ static noinline int __btrfs_ioctl_snap_create(struct file *file,
 		ret = btrfs_mksubvol(&file->f_path, idmap, name,
 				     namelen, NULL, readonly, inherit);
 	} else {
-		struct fd src = fdget(fd);
+		CLASS(fd, src)(fd);
 		struct inode *src_inode;
-		if (!fd_file(src)) {
+		if (fd_empty(src)) {
 			ret = -EINVAL;
 			goto out_drop_write;
 		}
@@ -1341,7 +1339,6 @@ static noinline int __btrfs_ioctl_snap_create(struct file *file,
 					       BTRFS_I(src_inode)->root,
 					       readonly, inherit);
 		}
-		fdput(src);
 	}
 out_drop_write:
 	mnt_drop_write_file(file);
@@ -4058,8 +4055,7 @@ static long btrfs_ioctl_quota_rescan_status(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static long btrfs_ioctl_quota_rescan_wait(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-						void __user *arg)
+static long btrfs_ioctl_quota_rescan_wait(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 {
 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
 		return -EPERM;
@@ -4514,12 +4510,17 @@ static int btrfs_ioctl_encoded_read(struct file *file, void __user *argp,
 	size_t copy_end_kernel = offsetofend(struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args,
 					     flags);
 	size_t copy_end;
+	struct btrfs_inode *inode = BTRFS_I(file_inode(file));
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
+	struct extent_io_tree *io_tree = &inode->io_tree;
 	struct iovec iovstack[UIO_FASTIOV];
 	struct iovec *iov = iovstack;
 	struct iov_iter iter;
 	loff_t pos;
 	struct kiocb kiocb;
 	ssize_t ret;
+	u64 disk_bytenr, disk_io_size;
+	struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
 
 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
 		ret = -EPERM;
@@ -4572,7 +4573,32 @@ static int btrfs_ioctl_encoded_read(struct file *file, void __user *argp,
 	init_sync_kiocb(&kiocb, file);
 	kiocb.ki_pos = pos;
 
-	ret = btrfs_encoded_read(&kiocb, &iter, &args);
+	ret = btrfs_encoded_read(&kiocb, &iter, &args, &cached_state,
+				 &disk_bytenr, &disk_io_size);
+
+	if (ret == -EIOCBQUEUED) {
+		bool unlocked = false;
+		u64 start, lockend, count;
+
+		start = ALIGN_DOWN(kiocb.ki_pos, fs_info->sectorsize);
+		lockend = start + BTRFS_MAX_UNCOMPRESSED - 1;
+
+		if (args.compression)
+			count = disk_io_size;
+		else
+			count = args.len;
+
+		ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular(&kiocb, &iter, start, lockend,
+						 &cached_state, disk_bytenr,
+						 disk_io_size, count,
+						 args.compression, &unlocked);
+
+		if (!unlocked) {
+			unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+			btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (ret >= 0) {
 		fsnotify_access(file);
 		if (copy_to_user(argp + copy_end,
@@ -4690,6 +4716,439 @@ out_acct:
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Context that's attached to an encoded read io_uring command, in cmd->pdu. It
+ * contains the fields in btrfs_uring_read_extent that are necessary to finish
+ * off and cleanup the I/O in btrfs_uring_read_finished.
+ */
+struct btrfs_uring_priv {
+	struct io_uring_cmd *cmd;
+	struct page **pages;
+	unsigned long nr_pages;
+	struct kiocb iocb;
+	struct iovec *iov;
+	struct iov_iter iter;
+	struct extent_state *cached_state;
+	u64 count;
+	u64 start;
+	u64 lockend;
+	int err;
+	bool compressed;
+};
+
+struct io_btrfs_cmd {
+	struct btrfs_uring_priv *priv;
+};
+
+static void btrfs_uring_read_finished(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd, unsigned int issue_flags)
+{
+	struct io_btrfs_cmd *bc = io_uring_cmd_to_pdu(cmd, struct io_btrfs_cmd);
+	struct btrfs_uring_priv *priv = bc->priv;
+	struct btrfs_inode *inode = BTRFS_I(file_inode(priv->iocb.ki_filp));
+	struct extent_io_tree *io_tree = &inode->io_tree;
+	unsigned long index;
+	u64 cur;
+	size_t page_offset;
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	if (priv->err) {
+		ret = priv->err;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (priv->compressed) {
+		index = 0;
+		page_offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		index = (priv->iocb.ki_pos - priv->start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+		page_offset = offset_in_page(priv->iocb.ki_pos - priv->start);
+	}
+	cur = 0;
+	while (cur < priv->count) {
+		size_t bytes = min_t(size_t, priv->count - cur, PAGE_SIZE - page_offset);
+
+		if (copy_page_to_iter(priv->pages[index], page_offset, bytes,
+				      &priv->iter) != bytes) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		index++;
+		cur += bytes;
+		page_offset = 0;
+	}
+	ret = priv->count;
+
+out:
+	unlock_extent(io_tree, priv->start, priv->lockend, &priv->cached_state);
+	btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
+
+	io_uring_cmd_done(cmd, ret, 0, issue_flags);
+	add_rchar(current, ret);
+
+	for (index = 0; index < priv->nr_pages; index++)
+		__free_page(priv->pages[index]);
+
+	kfree(priv->pages);
+	kfree(priv->iov);
+	kfree(priv);
+}
+
+void btrfs_uring_read_extent_endio(void *ctx, int err)
+{
+	struct btrfs_uring_priv *priv = ctx;
+	struct io_btrfs_cmd *bc = io_uring_cmd_to_pdu(priv->cmd, struct io_btrfs_cmd);
+
+	priv->err = err;
+	bc->priv = priv;
+
+	io_uring_cmd_complete_in_task(priv->cmd, btrfs_uring_read_finished);
+}
+
+static int btrfs_uring_read_extent(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
+				   u64 start, u64 lockend,
+				   struct extent_state *cached_state,
+				   u64 disk_bytenr, u64 disk_io_size,
+				   size_t count, bool compressed,
+				   struct iovec *iov, struct io_uring_cmd *cmd)
+{
+	struct btrfs_inode *inode = BTRFS_I(file_inode(iocb->ki_filp));
+	struct extent_io_tree *io_tree = &inode->io_tree;
+	struct page **pages;
+	struct btrfs_uring_priv *priv = NULL;
+	unsigned long nr_pages;
+	int ret;
+
+	nr_pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(disk_io_size, PAGE_SIZE);
+	pages = kcalloc(nr_pages, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!pages)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	ret = btrfs_alloc_page_array(nr_pages, pages, 0);
+	if (ret) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_fail;
+	}
+
+	priv = kmalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!priv) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_fail;
+	}
+
+	priv->iocb = *iocb;
+	priv->iov = iov;
+	priv->iter = *iter;
+	priv->count = count;
+	priv->cmd = cmd;
+	priv->cached_state = cached_state;
+	priv->compressed = compressed;
+	priv->nr_pages = nr_pages;
+	priv->pages = pages;
+	priv->start = start;
+	priv->lockend = lockend;
+	priv->err = 0;
+
+	ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(inode, disk_bytenr,
+						    disk_io_size, pages, priv);
+	if (ret && ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		goto out_fail;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we return -EIOCBQUEUED, we're deferring the cleanup to
+	 * btrfs_uring_read_finished(), which will handle unlocking the extent
+	 * and inode and freeing the allocations.
+	 */
+
+	return -EIOCBQUEUED;
+
+out_fail:
+	unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+	btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
+	kfree(priv);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int btrfs_uring_encoded_read(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd, unsigned int issue_flags)
+{
+	size_t copy_end_kernel = offsetofend(struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args, flags);
+	size_t copy_end;
+	struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args args = { 0 };
+	int ret;
+	u64 disk_bytenr, disk_io_size;
+	struct file *file;
+	struct btrfs_inode *inode;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info;
+	struct extent_io_tree *io_tree;
+	struct iovec iovstack[UIO_FASTIOV];
+	struct iovec *iov = iovstack;
+	struct iov_iter iter;
+	loff_t pos;
+	struct kiocb kiocb;
+	struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
+	u64 start, lockend;
+	void __user *sqe_addr;
+
+	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto out_acct;
+	}
+	file = cmd->file;
+	inode = BTRFS_I(file->f_inode);
+	fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
+	io_tree = &inode->io_tree;
+	sqe_addr = u64_to_user_ptr(READ_ONCE(cmd->sqe->addr));
+
+	if (issue_flags & IO_URING_F_COMPAT) {
+#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_COMPAT)
+		struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args_32 args32;
+
+		copy_end = offsetofend(struct btrfs_ioctl_encoded_io_args_32, flags);
+		if (copy_from_user(&args32, sqe_addr, copy_end)) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out_acct;
+		}
+		args.iov = compat_ptr(args32.iov);
+		args.iovcnt = args32.iovcnt;
+		args.offset = args32.offset;
+		args.flags = args32.flags;
+#else
+		return -ENOTTY;
+#endif
+	} else {
+		copy_end = copy_end_kernel;
+		if (copy_from_user(&args, sqe_addr, copy_end)) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out_acct;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (args.flags != 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	ret = import_iovec(ITER_DEST, args.iov, args.iovcnt, ARRAY_SIZE(iovstack),
+			   &iov, &iter);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out_acct;
+
+	if (iov_iter_count(&iter) == 0) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	pos = args.offset;
+	ret = rw_verify_area(READ, file, &pos, args.len);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out_free;
+
+	init_sync_kiocb(&kiocb, file);
+	kiocb.ki_pos = pos;
+
+	if (issue_flags & IO_URING_F_NONBLOCK)
+		kiocb.ki_flags |= IOCB_NOWAIT;
+
+	start = ALIGN_DOWN(pos, fs_info->sectorsize);
+	lockend = start + BTRFS_MAX_UNCOMPRESSED - 1;
+
+	ret = btrfs_encoded_read(&kiocb, &iter, &args, &cached_state,
+				 &disk_bytenr, &disk_io_size);
+	if (ret < 0 && ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		goto out_free;
+
+	file_accessed(file);
+
+	if (copy_to_user(sqe_addr + copy_end, (const char *)&args + copy_end_kernel,
+			 sizeof(args) - copy_end_kernel)) {
+		if (ret == -EIOCBQUEUED) {
+			unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+			btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
+		}
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	if (ret == -EIOCBQUEUED) {
+		u64 count;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we've optimized things by storing the iovecs on the stack,
+		 * undo this.
+		 */
+		if (!iov) {
+			iov = kmalloc(sizeof(struct iovec) * args.iovcnt, GFP_NOFS);
+			if (!iov) {
+				unlock_extent(io_tree, start, lockend, &cached_state);
+				btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, BTRFS_ILOCK_SHARED);
+				ret = -ENOMEM;
+				goto out_acct;
+			}
+
+			memcpy(iov, iovstack, sizeof(struct iovec) * args.iovcnt);
+		}
+
+		count = min_t(u64, iov_iter_count(&iter), disk_io_size);
+
+		/* Match ioctl by not returning past EOF if uncompressed. */
+		if (!args.compression)
+			count = min_t(u64, count, args.len);
+
+		ret = btrfs_uring_read_extent(&kiocb, &iter, start, lockend,
+					      cached_state, disk_bytenr,
+					      disk_io_size, count,
+					      args.compression, iov, cmd);
+
+		goto out_acct;
+	}
+
+out_free:
+	kfree(iov);
+
+out_acct:
+	if (ret > 0)
+		add_rchar(current, ret);
+	inc_syscr(current);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int btrfs_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd, unsigned int issue_flags)
+{
+	switch (cmd->cmd_op) {
+	case BTRFS_IOC_ENCODED_READ:
+#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_COMPAT)
+	case BTRFS_IOC_ENCODED_READ_32:
+#endif
+		return btrfs_uring_encoded_read(cmd, issue_flags);
+	}
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int btrfs_ioctl_subvol_sync(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, void __user *argp)
+{
+	struct btrfs_root *root;
+	struct btrfs_ioctl_subvol_wait args = { 0 };
+	signed long sched_ret;
+	int refs;
+	u64 root_flags;
+	bool wait_for_deletion = false;
+	bool found = false;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&args, argp, sizeof(args)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	switch (args.mode) {
+	case BTRFS_SUBVOL_SYNC_WAIT_FOR_QUEUED:
+		/*
+		 * Wait for the first one deleted that waits until all previous
+		 * are cleaned.
+		 */
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		if (!list_empty(&fs_info->dead_roots)) {
+			root = list_last_entry(&fs_info->dead_roots,
+					       struct btrfs_root, root_list);
+			args.subvolid = btrfs_root_id(root);
+			found = true;
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		if (!found)
+			return -ENOENT;
+
+		fallthrough;
+	case BTRFS_SUBVOL_SYNC_WAIT_FOR_ONE:
+		if ((0 < args.subvolid && args.subvolid < BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID) ||
+		    BTRFS_LAST_FREE_OBJECTID < args.subvolid)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	case BTRFS_SUBVOL_SYNC_COUNT:
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		args.count = list_count_nodes(&fs_info->dead_roots);
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		if (copy_to_user(argp, &args, sizeof(args)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		return 0;
+	case BTRFS_SUBVOL_SYNC_PEEK_FIRST:
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		/* Last in the list was deleted first. */
+		if (!list_empty(&fs_info->dead_roots)) {
+			root = list_last_entry(&fs_info->dead_roots,
+					       struct btrfs_root, root_list);
+			args.subvolid = btrfs_root_id(root);
+		} else {
+			args.subvolid = 0;
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		if (copy_to_user(argp, &args, sizeof(args)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		return 0;
+	case BTRFS_SUBVOL_SYNC_PEEK_LAST:
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		/* First in the list was deleted last. */
+		if (!list_empty(&fs_info->dead_roots)) {
+			root = list_first_entry(&fs_info->dead_roots,
+						struct btrfs_root, root_list);
+			args.subvolid = btrfs_root_id(root);
+		} else {
+			args.subvolid = 0;
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
+		if (copy_to_user(argp, &args, sizeof(args)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* 32bit limitation: fs_roots_radix key is not wide enough. */
+	if (sizeof(unsigned long) != sizeof(u64) && args.subvolid > U32_MAX)
+		return -EOVERFLOW;
+
+	while (1) {
+		/* Wait for the specific one. */
+		if (down_read_interruptible(&fs_info->subvol_sem) == -EINTR)
+			return -EINTR;
+		refs = -1;
+		spin_lock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+		root = radix_tree_lookup(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix,
+					 (unsigned long)args.subvolid);
+		if (root) {
+			spin_lock(&root->root_item_lock);
+			refs = btrfs_root_refs(&root->root_item);
+			root_flags = btrfs_root_flags(&root->root_item);
+			spin_unlock(&root->root_item_lock);
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&fs_info->fs_roots_radix_lock);
+		up_read(&fs_info->subvol_sem);
+
+		/* Subvolume does not exist. */
+		if (!root)
+			return -ENOENT;
+
+		/* Subvolume not deleted at all. */
+		if (refs > 0)
+			return -EEXIST;
+		/* We've waited and now the subvolume is gone. */
+		if (wait_for_deletion && refs == -1) {
+			/* Return the one we waited for as the last one. */
+			if (copy_to_user(argp, &args, sizeof(args)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		/* Subvolume not found on the first try (deleted or never existed). */
+		if (refs == -1)
+			return -ENOENT;
+
+		wait_for_deletion = true;
+		ASSERT(root_flags & BTRFS_ROOT_SUBVOL_DEAD);
+		sched_ret = schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
+		/* Early wake up or error. */
+		if (sched_ret != 0)
+			return -EINTR;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 long btrfs_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int
 		cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
@@ -4812,7 +5271,7 @@ long btrfs_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int
 	case BTRFS_IOC_QUOTA_RESCAN_STATUS:
 		return btrfs_ioctl_quota_rescan_status(fs_info, argp);
 	case BTRFS_IOC_QUOTA_RESCAN_WAIT:
-		return btrfs_ioctl_quota_rescan_wait(fs_info, argp);
+		return btrfs_ioctl_quota_rescan_wait(fs_info);
 	case BTRFS_IOC_DEV_REPLACE:
 		return btrfs_ioctl_dev_replace(fs_info, argp);
 	case BTRFS_IOC_GET_SUPPORTED_FEATURES:
@@ -4841,6 +5300,8 @@ long btrfs_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int
 	case BTRFS_IOC_ENCODED_WRITE_32:
 		return btrfs_ioctl_encoded_write(file, argp, true);
 #endif
+	case BTRFS_IOC_SUBVOL_SYNC_WAIT:
+		return btrfs_ioctl_subvol_sync(fs_info, argp);
 	}
 
 	return -ENOTTY;
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ioctl.h b/fs/btrfs/ioctl.h
index 19cd26b0244a..2b760c8778f8 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/ioctl.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/ioctl.h
@@ -22,5 +22,7 @@ void btrfs_sync_inode_flags_to_i_flags(struct inode *inode);
 int __pure btrfs_is_empty_uuid(const u8 *uuid);
 void btrfs_update_ioctl_balance_args(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 				     struct btrfs_ioctl_balance_args *bargs);
+int btrfs_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd, unsigned int issue_flags);
+void btrfs_uring_read_extent_endio(void *ctx, int err);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/locking.c b/fs/btrfs/locking.c
index 6a0b7abb5bd9..9a7a7b723305 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/locking.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/locking.c
@@ -162,21 +162,6 @@ int btrfs_try_tree_read_lock(struct extent_buffer *eb)
 }
 
 /*
- * Try-lock for write.
- *
- * Return 1 if the rwlock has been taken, 0 otherwise
- */
-int btrfs_try_tree_write_lock(struct extent_buffer *eb)
-{
-	if (down_write_trylock(&eb->lock)) {
-		btrfs_set_eb_lock_owner(eb, current->pid);
-		trace_btrfs_try_tree_write_lock(eb);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
  * Release read lock.
  */
 void btrfs_tree_read_unlock(struct extent_buffer *eb)
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/locking.h b/fs/btrfs/locking.h
index 3c15c75e0582..46c8be2afab1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/locking.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/locking.h
@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ static inline void btrfs_tree_read_lock(struct extent_buffer *eb)
 
 void btrfs_tree_read_unlock(struct extent_buffer *eb);
 int btrfs_try_tree_read_lock(struct extent_buffer *eb);
-int btrfs_try_tree_write_lock(struct extent_buffer *eb);
 struct extent_buffer *btrfs_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root);
 struct extent_buffer *btrfs_read_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root);
 struct extent_buffer *btrfs_try_read_lock_root_node(struct btrfs_root *root);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/lzo.c b/fs/btrfs/lzo.c
index 72856f6775f7..a45bc11f8665 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/lzo.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/lzo.c
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ void lzo_free_workspace(struct list_head *ws)
 	kfree(workspace);
 }
 
-struct list_head *lzo_alloc_workspace(unsigned int level)
+struct list_head *lzo_alloc_workspace(void)
 {
 	struct workspace *workspace;
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ordered-data.c b/fs/btrfs/ordered-data.c
index 2104d60c2161..30eceaf829a7 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/ordered-data.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/ordered-data.c
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ static struct rb_node *__tree_search(struct rb_root *root, u64 file_offset,
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int range_overlaps(struct btrfs_ordered_extent *entry, u64 file_offset,
-			  u64 len)
+static int btrfs_range_overlaps(struct btrfs_ordered_extent *entry, u64 file_offset,
+				u64 len)
 {
 	if (file_offset + len <= entry->file_offset ||
 	    entry->file_offset + entry->num_bytes <= file_offset)
@@ -346,10 +346,10 @@ static bool can_finish_ordered_extent(struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered,
 		ASSERT(file_offset + len <= folio_pos(folio) + folio_size(folio));
 
 		/*
-		 * Ordered (Private2) bit indicates whether we still have
+		 * Ordered flag indicates whether we still have
 		 * pending io unfinished for the ordered extent.
 		 *
-		 * If there's no such bit, we need to skip to next range.
+		 * If it's not set, we need to skip to next range.
 		 */
 		if (!btrfs_folio_test_ordered(fs_info, folio, file_offset, len))
 			return false;
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@ struct btrfs_ordered_extent *btrfs_lookup_ordered_range(
 
 	while (1) {
 		entry = rb_entry(node, struct btrfs_ordered_extent, rb_node);
-		if (range_overlaps(entry, file_offset, len))
+		if (btrfs_range_overlaps(entry, file_offset, len))
 			break;
 
 		if (entry->file_offset >= file_offset + len) {
@@ -1114,12 +1114,12 @@ struct btrfs_ordered_extent *btrfs_lookup_first_ordered_range(
 	}
 	if (prev) {
 		entry = rb_entry(prev, struct btrfs_ordered_extent, rb_node);
-		if (range_overlaps(entry, file_offset, len))
+		if (btrfs_range_overlaps(entry, file_offset, len))
 			goto out;
 	}
 	if (next) {
 		entry = rb_entry(next, struct btrfs_ordered_extent, rb_node);
-		if (range_overlaps(entry, file_offset, len))
+		if (btrfs_range_overlaps(entry, file_offset, len))
 			goto out;
 	}
 	/* No ordered extent in the range */
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/qgroup.c b/fs/btrfs/qgroup.c
index a0e8deca87a7..a6f92836c9b1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/qgroup.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/qgroup.c
@@ -226,8 +226,7 @@ static struct btrfs_qgroup *add_qgroup_rb(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	return qgroup;
 }
 
-static void __del_qgroup_rb(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-			    struct btrfs_qgroup *qgroup)
+static void __del_qgroup_rb(struct btrfs_qgroup *qgroup)
 {
 	struct btrfs_qgroup_list *list;
 
@@ -258,7 +257,7 @@ static int del_qgroup_rb(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 qgroupid)
 		return -ENOENT;
 
 	rb_erase(&qgroup->node, &fs_info->qgroup_tree);
-	__del_qgroup_rb(fs_info, qgroup);
+	__del_qgroup_rb(qgroup);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -469,7 +468,7 @@ int btrfs_read_qgroup_config(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 			/*
 			 * If a qgroup exists for a subvolume ID, it is possible
 			 * that subvolume has been deleted, in which case
-			 * re-using that ID would lead to incorrect accounting.
+			 * reusing that ID would lead to incorrect accounting.
 			 *
 			 * Ensure that we skip any such subvol ids.
 			 *
@@ -643,7 +642,7 @@ void btrfs_free_qgroup_config(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 	while ((n = rb_first(&fs_info->qgroup_tree))) {
 		qgroup = rb_entry(n, struct btrfs_qgroup, node);
 		rb_erase(n, &fs_info->qgroup_tree);
-		__del_qgroup_rb(fs_info, qgroup);
+		__del_qgroup_rb(qgroup);
 		btrfs_sysfs_del_one_qgroup(fs_info, qgroup);
 		kfree(qgroup);
 	}
@@ -2001,27 +2000,27 @@ out:
  * Return <0 for insertion failure, caller can free @record safely.
  */
 int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
-				struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *record)
+				     struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
+				     struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *record,
+				     u64 bytenr)
 {
 	struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *existing, *ret;
-	const unsigned long index = (record->bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+	const unsigned long index = (bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
 
 	if (!btrfs_qgroup_full_accounting(fs_info))
 		return 1;
 
 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
-	if (record->bytenr >= MAX_LFS_FILESIZE) {
+	if (bytenr >= MAX_LFS_FILESIZE) {
 		btrfs_err_rl(fs_info,
 "qgroup record for extent at %llu is beyond 32bit page cache and xarray index limit",
-			     record->bytenr);
+			     bytenr);
 		btrfs_err_32bit_limit(fs_info);
 		return -EOVERFLOW;
 	}
 #endif
 
-	lockdep_assert_held(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	trace_btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent(fs_info, record);
+	trace_btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent(fs_info, record, bytenr);
 
 	xa_lock(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents);
 	existing = xa_load(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index);
@@ -2066,12 +2065,17 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
  * transaction committing, but not now as qgroup accounting will be wrong again.
  */
 int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-				   struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *qrecord)
+				   struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *qrecord,
+				   u64 bytenr)
 {
-	struct btrfs_backref_walk_ctx ctx = { 0 };
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_backref_walk_ctx ctx = {
+		.bytenr = bytenr,
+		.fs_info = fs_info,
+	};
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!btrfs_qgroup_full_accounting(trans->fs_info))
+	if (!btrfs_qgroup_full_accounting(fs_info))
 		return 0;
 	/*
 	 * We are always called in a context where we are already holding a
@@ -2094,16 +2098,13 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	 */
 	ASSERT(trans != NULL);
 
-	if (trans->fs_info->qgroup_flags & BTRFS_QGROUP_RUNTIME_FLAG_NO_ACCOUNTING)
+	if (fs_info->qgroup_flags & BTRFS_QGROUP_RUNTIME_FLAG_NO_ACCOUNTING)
 		return 0;
 
-	ctx.bytenr = qrecord->bytenr;
-	ctx.fs_info = trans->fs_info;
-
 	ret = btrfs_find_all_roots(&ctx, true);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		qgroup_mark_inconsistent(trans->fs_info);
-		btrfs_warn(trans->fs_info,
+		qgroup_mark_inconsistent(fs_info);
+		btrfs_warn(fs_info,
 "error accounting new delayed refs extent (err code: %d), quota inconsistent",
 			ret);
 		return 0;
@@ -2138,7 +2139,7 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 bytenr,
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *record;
-	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs;
+	struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 	const unsigned long index = (bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
 	int ret;
 
@@ -2148,26 +2149,21 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 bytenr,
 	if (!record)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	if (xa_reserve(&trans->transaction->delayed_refs.dirty_extents, index, GFP_NOFS)) {
+	if (xa_reserve(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index, GFP_NOFS)) {
 		kfree(record);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
-	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
-	record->bytenr = bytenr;
 	record->num_bytes = num_bytes;
-	record->old_roots = NULL;
 
-	spin_lock(&delayed_refs->lock);
-	ret = btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(fs_info, delayed_refs, record);
-	spin_unlock(&delayed_refs->lock);
+	ret = btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(fs_info, delayed_refs, record, bytenr);
 	if (ret) {
 		/* Clean up if insertion fails or item exists. */
 		xa_release(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index);
 		kfree(record);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(trans, record);
+	return btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(trans, record, bytenr);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2652,7 +2648,6 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_trace_subtree(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 	if (!extent_buffer_uptodate(root_eb)) {
 		struct btrfs_tree_parent_check check = {
-			.has_first_key = false,
 			.transid = root_gen,
 			.level = root_level
 		};
@@ -3043,14 +3038,16 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_account_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
 	delayed_refs = &trans->transaction->delayed_refs;
 	qgroup_to_skip = delayed_refs->qgroup_to_skip;
 	xa_for_each(&delayed_refs->dirty_extents, index, record) {
+		const u64 bytenr = (((u64)index) << fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
+
 		num_dirty_extents++;
-		trace_btrfs_qgroup_account_extents(fs_info, record);
+		trace_btrfs_qgroup_account_extents(fs_info, record, bytenr);
 
 		if (!ret && !(fs_info->qgroup_flags &
 			      BTRFS_QGROUP_RUNTIME_FLAG_NO_ACCOUNTING)) {
 			struct btrfs_backref_walk_ctx ctx = { 0 };
 
-			ctx.bytenr = record->bytenr;
+			ctx.bytenr = bytenr;
 			ctx.fs_info = fs_info;
 
 			/*
@@ -3092,7 +3089,7 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_account_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
 				ulist_del(record->old_roots, qgroup_to_skip,
 					  0);
 			}
-			ret = btrfs_qgroup_account_extent(trans, record->bytenr,
+			ret = btrfs_qgroup_account_extent(trans, bytenr,
 							  record->num_bytes,
 							  record->old_roots,
 							  new_roots);
@@ -4196,13 +4193,20 @@ static int try_flush_qgroup(struct btrfs_root *root)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	btrfs_run_delayed_iputs(root->fs_info);
-	btrfs_wait_on_delayed_iputs(root->fs_info);
 	ret = btrfs_start_delalloc_snapshot(root, true);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto out;
 	btrfs_wait_ordered_extents(root, U64_MAX, NULL);
 
+	/*
+	 * After waiting for ordered extents run delayed iputs in order to free
+	 * space from unlinked files before committing the current transaction,
+	 * as ordered extents may have been holding the last reference of an
+	 * inode and they add a delayed iput when they complete.
+	 */
+	btrfs_run_delayed_iputs(root->fs_info);
+	btrfs_wait_on_delayed_iputs(root->fs_info);
+
 	ret = btrfs_commit_current_transaction(root);
 out:
 	clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_QGROUP_FLUSHING, &root->state);
@@ -4687,8 +4691,7 @@ out:
  *			BOTH POINTERS ARE BEFORE TREE SWAP
  * @last_snapshot:	last snapshot generation of the subvolume tree
  */
-int btrfs_qgroup_add_swapped_blocks(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-		struct btrfs_root *subvol_root,
+int btrfs_qgroup_add_swapped_blocks(struct btrfs_root *subvol_root,
 		struct btrfs_block_group *bg,
 		struct extent_buffer *subvol_parent, int subvol_slot,
 		struct extent_buffer *reloc_parent, int reloc_slot,
@@ -4894,17 +4897,6 @@ void btrfs_qgroup_destroy_extent_records(struct btrfs_transaction *trans)
 	xa_destroy(&trans->delayed_refs.dirty_extents);
 }
 
-void btrfs_free_squota_rsv(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 root, u64 rsv_bytes)
-{
-	if (btrfs_qgroup_mode(fs_info) != BTRFS_QGROUP_MODE_SIMPLE)
-		return;
-
-	if (!is_fstree(root))
-		return;
-
-	btrfs_qgroup_free_refroot(fs_info, root, rsv_bytes, BTRFS_QGROUP_RSV_DATA);
-}
-
 int btrfs_record_squota_delta(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 			      const struct btrfs_squota_delta *delta)
 {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/qgroup.h b/fs/btrfs/qgroup.h
index c229256d6fd5..e233cc79af18 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/qgroup.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/qgroup.h
@@ -127,7 +127,12 @@ struct btrfs_inode;
  * Record a dirty extent, and info qgroup to update quota on it
  */
 struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record {
-	u64 bytenr;
+	/*
+	 * The bytenr of the extent is given by its index in the dirty_extents
+	 * xarray of struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root left shifted by
+	 * fs_info->sectorsize_bits.
+	 */
+
 	u64 num_bytes;
 
 	/*
@@ -345,9 +350,11 @@ void btrfs_free_qgroup_config(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
 int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_nolock(
 		struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		struct btrfs_delayed_ref_root *delayed_refs,
-		struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *record);
+		struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *record,
+		u64 bytenr);
 int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent_post(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-				   struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *qrecord);
+				   struct btrfs_qgroup_extent_record *qrecord,
+				   u64 bytenr);
 int btrfs_qgroup_trace_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 bytenr,
 			      u64 num_bytes);
 int btrfs_qgroup_trace_leaf_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
@@ -432,8 +439,7 @@ void btrfs_qgroup_init_swapped_blocks(
 	struct btrfs_qgroup_swapped_blocks *swapped_blocks);
 
 void btrfs_qgroup_clean_swapped_blocks(struct btrfs_root *root);
-int btrfs_qgroup_add_swapped_blocks(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-		struct btrfs_root *subvol_root,
+int btrfs_qgroup_add_swapped_blocks(struct btrfs_root *subvol_root,
 		struct btrfs_block_group *bg,
 		struct extent_buffer *subvol_parent, int subvol_slot,
 		struct extent_buffer *reloc_parent, int reloc_slot,
@@ -442,7 +448,6 @@ int btrfs_qgroup_trace_subtree_after_cow(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		struct btrfs_root *root, struct extent_buffer *eb);
 void btrfs_qgroup_destroy_extent_records(struct btrfs_transaction *trans);
 bool btrfs_check_quota_leak(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info);
-void btrfs_free_squota_rsv(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 root, u64 rsv_bytes);
 int btrfs_record_squota_delta(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 			      const struct btrfs_squota_delta *delta);
 
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.c b/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.c
index 4c859b550f6c..9ffc79f250fb 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.c
@@ -13,6 +13,39 @@
 #include "volumes.h"
 #include "print-tree.h"
 
+static void btrfs_partially_delete_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+					       struct btrfs_path *path,
+					       const struct btrfs_key *oldkey,
+					       u64 newlen, u64 frontpad)
+{
+	struct btrfs_stripe_extent *extent;
+	struct extent_buffer *leaf;
+	int slot;
+	size_t item_size;
+	struct btrfs_key newkey = {
+		.objectid = oldkey->objectid + frontpad,
+		.type = BTRFS_RAID_STRIPE_KEY,
+		.offset = newlen,
+	};
+
+	ASSERT(oldkey->type == BTRFS_RAID_STRIPE_KEY);
+
+	leaf = path->nodes[0];
+	slot = path->slots[0];
+	item_size = btrfs_item_size(leaf, slot);
+	extent = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, slot, struct btrfs_stripe_extent);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < btrfs_num_raid_stripes(item_size); i++) {
+		struct btrfs_raid_stride *stride = &extent->strides[i];
+		u64 phys;
+
+		phys = btrfs_raid_stride_physical(leaf, stride);
+		btrfs_set_raid_stride_physical(leaf, stride, phys + frontpad);
+	}
+
+	btrfs_set_item_key_safe(trans, path, &newkey);
+}
+
 int btrfs_delete_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 start, u64 length)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
@@ -36,23 +69,24 @@ int btrfs_delete_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 start, u64 le
 	while (1) {
 		key.objectid = start;
 		key.type = BTRFS_RAID_STRIPE_KEY;
-		key.offset = length;
+		key.offset = 0;
 
 		ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, stripe_root, &key, path, -1, 1);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			break;
-		if (ret > 0) {
-			ret = 0;
-			if (path->slots[0] == 0)
-				break;
+
+		if (path->slots[0] == btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[0]))
 			path->slots[0]--;
-		}
 
 		leaf = path->nodes[0];
 		slot = path->slots[0];
 		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, slot);
 		found_start = key.objectid;
 		found_end = found_start + key.offset;
+		ret = 0;
+
+		if (key.type != BTRFS_RAID_STRIPE_KEY)
+			break;
 
 		/* That stripe ends before we start, we're done. */
 		if (found_end <= start)
@@ -61,7 +95,40 @@ int btrfs_delete_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 start, u64 le
 		trace_btrfs_raid_extent_delete(fs_info, start, end,
 					       found_start, found_end);
 
-		ASSERT(found_start >= start && found_end <= end);
+		/*
+		 * The stripe extent starts before the range we want to delete:
+		 *
+		 * |--- RAID Stripe Extent ---|
+		 * |--- keep  ---|--- drop ---|
+		 *
+		 * This means we have to duplicate the tree item, truncate the
+		 * length to the new size and then re-insert the item.
+		 */
+		if (found_start < start) {
+			u64 diff = start - found_start;
+
+			btrfs_partially_delete_raid_extent(trans, path, &key,
+							   diff, 0);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * The stripe extent ends after the range we want to delete:
+		 *
+		 * |--- RAID Stripe Extent ---|
+		 * |--- drop  ---|--- keep ---|
+		 *
+		 * This means we have to duplicate the tree item, truncate the
+		 * length to the new size and then re-insert the item.
+		 */
+		if (found_end > end) {
+			u64 diff = found_end - end;
+
+			btrfs_partially_delete_raid_extent(trans, path, &key,
+							   diff, diff);
+			break;
+		}
+
 		ret = btrfs_del_item(trans, stripe_root, path);
 		if (ret)
 			break;
@@ -108,8 +175,9 @@ static int update_raid_extent_item(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
-					struct btrfs_io_context *bioc)
+EXPORT_FOR_TESTS
+int btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+				 struct btrfs_io_context *bioc)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_key stripe_key;
@@ -233,7 +301,7 @@ int btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		found_end = found_logical + found_length;
 
 		if (found_logical > end) {
-			ret = -ENOENT;
+			ret = -ENODATA;
 			goto out;
 		}
 
@@ -279,10 +347,10 @@ int btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	}
 
 	/* If we're here, we haven't found the requested devid in the stripe. */
-	ret = -ENOENT;
+	ret = -ENODATA;
 out:
 	if (ret > 0)
-		ret = -ENOENT;
+		ret = -ENODATA;
 	if (ret && ret != -EIO && !stripe->rst_search_commit_root) {
 		btrfs_debug(fs_info,
 		"cannot find raid-stripe for logical [%llu, %llu] devid %llu, profile %s",
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.h b/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.h
index 1ac1c21aac2f..541836421778 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/raid-stripe-tree.h
@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@ int btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 int btrfs_insert_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 			     struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered_extent);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_RUN_SANITY_TESTS
+int btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+				 struct btrfs_io_context *bioc);
+#endif
+
 static inline bool btrfs_need_stripe_tree_update(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 						 u64 map_type)
 {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/raid56.c b/fs/btrfs/raid56.c
index 39bec672df0c..cdd373c27784 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/raid56.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/raid56.c
@@ -1272,8 +1272,7 @@ static inline void bio_list_put(struct bio_list *bio_list)
 
 static void assert_rbio(struct btrfs_raid_bio *rbio)
 {
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG) ||
-	    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_ASSERT))
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_ASSERT))
 		return;
 
 	/*
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/relocation.c b/fs/btrfs/relocation.c
index f3834f8d26b4..bf267bdfa8f8 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/relocation.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/relocation.c
@@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@ again:
 		 * The real subtree rescan is delayed until we have new
 		 * CoW on the subtree root node before transaction commit.
 		 */
-		ret = btrfs_qgroup_add_swapped_blocks(trans, dest,
+		ret = btrfs_qgroup_add_swapped_blocks(dest,
 				rc->block_group, parent, slot,
 				path->nodes[level], path->slots[level],
 				last_snapshot);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/scrub.c b/fs/btrfs/scrub.c
index 3a3427428074..204c928beaf9 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/scrub.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/scrub.c
@@ -1656,8 +1656,7 @@ static u32 stripe_length(const struct scrub_stripe *stripe)
 		   stripe->bg->start + stripe->bg->length - stripe->logical);
 }
 
-static void scrub_submit_extent_sector_read(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
-					    struct scrub_stripe *stripe)
+static void scrub_submit_extent_sector_read(struct scrub_stripe *stripe)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = stripe->bg->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_bio *bbio = NULL;
@@ -1704,8 +1703,18 @@ static void scrub_submit_extent_sector_read(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 					      &stripe_len, &bioc, &io_stripe, &mirror);
 			btrfs_put_bioc(bioc);
 			if (err < 0) {
-				set_bit(i, &stripe->io_error_bitmap);
-				set_bit(i, &stripe->error_bitmap);
+				if (err != -ENODATA) {
+					/*
+					 * Earlier btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset()
+					 * returned -ENODATA, which means there's
+					 * no entry for the corresponding range
+					 * in the stripe tree.  But if it's in
+					 * the extent tree, then it's a preallocated
+					 * extent and not an error.
+					 */
+					set_bit(i, &stripe->io_error_bitmap);
+					set_bit(i, &stripe->error_bitmap);
+				}
 				continue;
 			}
 
@@ -1743,7 +1752,7 @@ static void scrub_submit_initial_read(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 	ASSERT(test_bit(SCRUB_STRIPE_FLAG_INITIALIZED, &stripe->state));
 
 	if (btrfs_need_stripe_tree_update(fs_info, stripe->bg->flags)) {
-		scrub_submit_extent_sector_read(sctx, stripe);
+		scrub_submit_extent_sector_read(stripe);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1954,7 +1963,7 @@ static int scrub_raid56_parity_stripe(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 	ASSERT(sctx->raid56_data_stripes);
 
 	/*
-	 * For data stripe search, we cannot re-use the same extent/csum paths,
+	 * For data stripe search, we cannot reuse the same extent/csum paths,
 	 * as the data stripe bytenr may be smaller than previous extent.  Thus
 	 * we have to use our own extent/csum paths.
 	 */
@@ -2103,7 +2112,6 @@ out:
  */
 static int scrub_simple_mirror(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 			       struct btrfs_block_group *bg,
-			       struct btrfs_chunk_map *map,
 			       u64 logical_start, u64 logical_length,
 			       struct btrfs_device *device,
 			       u64 physical, int mirror_num)
@@ -2222,7 +2230,7 @@ static int scrub_simple_stripe(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 		 * just RAID1, so we can reuse scrub_simple_mirror() to scrub
 		 * this stripe.
 		 */
-		ret = scrub_simple_mirror(sctx, bg, map, cur_logical,
+		ret = scrub_simple_mirror(sctx, bg, cur_logical,
 					  BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN, device, cur_physical,
 					  mirror_num);
 		if (ret)
@@ -2256,7 +2264,6 @@ static noinline_for_stack int scrub_stripe(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 	/* Offset inside the chunk */
 	u64 offset;
 	u64 stripe_logical;
-	int stop_loop = 0;
 
 	/* Extent_path should be released by now. */
 	ASSERT(sctx->extent_path.nodes[0] == NULL);
@@ -2307,7 +2314,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack int scrub_stripe(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 		 * Only @physical and @mirror_num needs to calculated using
 		 * @stripe_index.
 		 */
-		ret = scrub_simple_mirror(sctx, bg, map, bg->start, bg->length,
+		ret = scrub_simple_mirror(sctx, bg, bg->start, bg->length,
 				scrub_dev, map->stripes[stripe_index].physical,
 				stripe_index + 1);
 		offset = 0;
@@ -2362,7 +2369,7 @@ static noinline_for_stack int scrub_stripe(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 		 * We can reuse scrub_simple_mirror() here, as the repair part
 		 * is still based on @mirror_num.
 		 */
-		ret = scrub_simple_mirror(sctx, bg, map, logical, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN,
+		ret = scrub_simple_mirror(sctx, bg, logical, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN,
 					  scrub_dev, physical, 1);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			goto out;
@@ -2370,14 +2377,8 @@ next:
 		logical += increment;
 		physical += BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN;
 		spin_lock(&sctx->stat_lock);
-		if (stop_loop)
-			sctx->stat.last_physical =
-				map->stripes[stripe_index].physical + dev_stripe_len;
-		else
-			sctx->stat.last_physical = physical;
+		sctx->stat.last_physical = physical;
 		spin_unlock(&sctx->stat_lock);
-		if (stop_loop)
-			break;
 	}
 out:
 	ret2 = flush_scrub_stripes(sctx);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/send.c b/fs/btrfs/send.c
index b068469871f8..7254279c3cc9 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/send.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/send.c
@@ -980,9 +980,7 @@ static int get_inode_gen(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 ino, u64 *gen)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-typedef int (*iterate_inode_ref_t)(int num, u64 dir, int index,
-				   struct fs_path *p,
-				   void *ctx);
+typedef int (*iterate_inode_ref_t)(u64 dir, struct fs_path *p, void *ctx);
 
 /*
  * Helper function to iterate the entries in ONE btrfs_inode_ref or
@@ -1007,8 +1005,6 @@ static int iterate_inode_ref(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
 	u32 name_len;
 	char *start;
 	int ret = 0;
-	int num = 0;
-	int index;
 	u64 dir;
 	unsigned long name_off;
 	unsigned long elem_size;
@@ -1043,13 +1039,11 @@ static int iterate_inode_ref(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
 			iref = (struct btrfs_inode_ref *)(ptr + cur);
 			name_len = btrfs_inode_ref_name_len(eb, iref);
 			name_off = (unsigned long)(iref + 1);
-			index = btrfs_inode_ref_index(eb, iref);
 			dir = found_key->offset;
 		} else {
 			extref = (struct btrfs_inode_extref *)(ptr + cur);
 			name_len = btrfs_inode_extref_name_len(eb, extref);
 			name_off = (unsigned long)&extref->name;
-			index = btrfs_inode_extref_index(eb, extref);
 			dir = btrfs_inode_extref_parent(eb, extref);
 		}
 
@@ -1094,10 +1088,9 @@ static int iterate_inode_ref(struct btrfs_root *root, struct btrfs_path *path,
 		}
 
 		cur += elem_size + name_len;
-		ret = iterate(num, dir, index, p, ctx);
+		ret = iterate(dir, p, ctx);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
-		num++;
 	}
 
 out:
@@ -1227,8 +1220,7 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int __copy_first_ref(int num, u64 dir, int index,
-			    struct fs_path *p, void *ctx)
+static int __copy_first_ref(u64 dir, struct fs_path *p, void *ctx)
 {
 	int ret;
 	struct fs_path *pt = ctx;
@@ -3768,7 +3760,6 @@ static int wait_for_dest_dir_move(struct send_ctx *sctx,
 				  struct recorded_ref *parent_ref,
 				  const bool is_orphan)
 {
-	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = sctx->parent_root->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_path *path;
 	struct btrfs_key key;
 	struct btrfs_key di_key;
@@ -3797,7 +3788,7 @@ static int wait_for_dest_dir_move(struct send_ctx *sctx,
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(fs_info, path, parent_ref->name,
+	di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(path, parent_ref->name,
 				       parent_ref->name_len);
 	if (!di) {
 		ret = 0;
@@ -4708,8 +4699,7 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int record_new_ref_if_needed(int num, u64 dir, int index,
-				    struct fs_path *name, void *ctx)
+static int record_new_ref_if_needed(u64 dir, struct fs_path *name, void *ctx)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct send_ctx *sctx = ctx;
@@ -4738,8 +4728,7 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int record_deleted_ref_if_needed(int num, u64 dir, int index,
-					struct fs_path *name, void *ctx)
+static int record_deleted_ref_if_needed(u64 dir, struct fs_path *name, void *ctx)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct send_ctx *sctx = ctx;
@@ -5677,10 +5666,11 @@ static int send_encoded_extent(struct send_ctx *sctx, struct btrfs_path *path,
 	 * Note that send_buf is a mapping of send_buf_pages, so this is really
 	 * reading into send_buf.
 	 */
-	ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(BTRFS_I(inode), offset,
+	ret = btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages(BTRFS_I(inode),
 						    disk_bytenr, disk_num_bytes,
 						    sctx->send_buf_pages +
-						    (data_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT));
+						    (data_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT),
+						    NULL);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -8135,7 +8125,20 @@ long btrfs_ioctl_send(struct btrfs_inode *inode, const struct btrfs_ioctl_send_a
 	 * making it RW. This also protects against deletion.
 	 */
 	spin_lock(&send_root->root_item_lock);
-	if (btrfs_root_readonly(send_root) && send_root->dedupe_in_progress) {
+	/*
+	 * Unlikely but possible, if the subvolume is marked for deletion but
+	 * is slow to remove the directory entry, send can still be started.
+	 */
+	if (btrfs_root_dead(send_root)) {
+		spin_unlock(&send_root->root_item_lock);
+		return -EPERM;
+	}
+	/* Userspace tools do the checks and warn the user if it's not RO. */
+	if (!btrfs_root_readonly(send_root)) {
+		spin_unlock(&send_root->root_item_lock);
+		return -EPERM;
+	}
+	if (send_root->dedupe_in_progress) {
 		dedupe_in_progress_warn(send_root);
 		spin_unlock(&send_root->root_item_lock);
 		return -EAGAIN;
@@ -8144,15 +8147,6 @@ long btrfs_ioctl_send(struct btrfs_inode *inode, const struct btrfs_ioctl_send_a
 	spin_unlock(&send_root->root_item_lock);
 
 	/*
-	 * Userspace tools do the checks and warn the user if it's
-	 * not RO.
-	 */
-	if (!btrfs_root_readonly(send_root)) {
-		ret = -EPERM;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	/*
 	 * Check that we don't overflow at later allocations, we request
 	 * clone_sources_count + 1 items, and compare to unsigned long inside
 	 * access_ok. Also set an upper limit for allocation size so this can't
@@ -8217,15 +8211,6 @@ long btrfs_ioctl_send(struct btrfs_inode *inode, const struct btrfs_ioctl_send_a
 	}
 
 	sctx->send_root = send_root;
-	/*
-	 * Unlikely but possible, if the subvolume is marked for deletion but
-	 * is slow to remove the directory entry, send can still be started
-	 */
-	if (btrfs_root_dead(sctx->send_root)) {
-		ret = -EPERM;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	sctx->clone_roots_cnt = arg->clone_sources_count;
 
 	if (sctx->proto >= 2) {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/send.h b/fs/btrfs/send.h
index b07f4aa66878..9309886c5ea1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/send.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/send.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ struct btrfs_ioctl_send_args;
 
 #define BTRFS_SEND_STREAM_MAGIC "btrfs-stream"
 /* Conditional support for the upcoming protocol version. */
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 #define BTRFS_SEND_STREAM_VERSION 3
 #else
 #define BTRFS_SEND_STREAM_VERSION 2
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/space-info.c b/fs/btrfs/space-info.c
index d5a9cd8a4fd8..255e85f78313 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/space-info.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/space-info.c
@@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@ static void btrfs_preempt_reclaim_metadata_space(struct work_struct *work)
  *   If we are freeing inodes, we want to make sure all delayed iputs have
  *   completed, because they could have been on an inode with i_nlink == 0, and
  *   thus have been truncated and freed up space.  But again this space is not
- *   immediately re-usable, it comes in the form of a delayed ref, which must be
+ *   immediately reusable, it comes in the form of a delayed ref, which must be
  *   run and then the transaction must be committed.
  *
  * COMMIT_TRANS
@@ -1488,8 +1488,7 @@ static void priority_reclaim_data_space(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	spin_unlock(&space_info->lock);
 }
 
-static void wait_reserve_ticket(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				struct btrfs_space_info *space_info,
+static void wait_reserve_ticket(struct btrfs_space_info *space_info,
 				struct reserve_ticket *ticket)
 
 {
@@ -1547,7 +1546,7 @@ static int handle_reserve_ticket(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	case BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_DATA:
 	case BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_ALL:
 	case BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_ALL_STEAL:
-		wait_reserve_ticket(fs_info, space_info, ticket);
+		wait_reserve_ticket(space_info, ticket);
 		break;
 	case BTRFS_RESERVE_FLUSH_LIMIT:
 		priority_reclaim_metadata_space(fs_info, space_info, ticket,
@@ -1984,8 +1983,7 @@ static bool is_reclaim_urgent(struct btrfs_space_info *space_info)
 	return unalloc < data_chunk_size;
 }
 
-static void do_reclaim_sweep(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-			     struct btrfs_space_info *space_info, int raid)
+static void do_reclaim_sweep(struct btrfs_space_info *space_info, int raid)
 {
 	struct btrfs_block_group *bg;
 	int thresh_pct;
@@ -2081,6 +2079,6 @@ void btrfs_reclaim_sweep(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 		if (!btrfs_should_periodic_reclaim(space_info))
 			continue;
 		for (raid = 0; raid < BTRFS_NR_RAID_TYPES; raid++)
-			do_reclaim_sweep(fs_info, space_info, raid);
+			do_reclaim_sweep(space_info, raid);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/subpage.c b/fs/btrfs/subpage.c
index fe4d719d506b..8c68059ac1b0 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/subpage.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/subpage.c
@@ -140,12 +140,10 @@ struct btrfs_subpage *btrfs_alloc_subpage(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
 	spin_lock_init(&ret->lock);
-	if (type == BTRFS_SUBPAGE_METADATA) {
+	if (type == BTRFS_SUBPAGE_METADATA)
 		atomic_set(&ret->eb_refs, 0);
-	} else {
-		atomic_set(&ret->readers, 0);
-		atomic_set(&ret->writers, 0);
-	}
+	else
+		atomic_set(&ret->nr_locked, 0);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -221,62 +219,6 @@ static void btrfs_subpage_assert(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	__start_bit;							\
 })
 
-void btrfs_subpage_start_reader(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
-{
-	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
-	const int start_bit = subpage_calc_start_bit(fs_info, folio, locked, start, len);
-	const int nbits = len >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
-	unsigned long flags;
-
-
-	btrfs_subpage_assert(fs_info, folio, start, len);
-
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&subpage->lock, flags);
-	/*
-	 * Even though it's just for reading the page, no one should have
-	 * locked the subpage range.
-	 */
-	ASSERT(bitmap_test_range_all_zero(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits));
-	bitmap_set(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits);
-	atomic_add(nbits, &subpage->readers);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
-}
-
-void btrfs_subpage_end_reader(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-			      struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
-{
-	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
-	const int start_bit = subpage_calc_start_bit(fs_info, folio, locked, start, len);
-	const int nbits = len >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
-	unsigned long flags;
-	bool is_data;
-	bool last;
-
-	btrfs_subpage_assert(fs_info, folio, start, len);
-	is_data = is_data_inode(BTRFS_I(folio->mapping->host));
-
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&subpage->lock, flags);
-
-	/* The range should have already been locked. */
-	ASSERT(bitmap_test_range_all_set(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits));
-	ASSERT(atomic_read(&subpage->readers) >= nbits);
-
-	bitmap_clear(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits);
-	last = atomic_sub_and_test(nbits, &subpage->readers);
-
-	/*
-	 * For data we need to unlock the page if the last read has finished.
-	 *
-	 * And please don't replace @last with atomic_sub_and_test() call
-	 * inside if () condition.
-	 * As we want the atomic_sub_and_test() to be always executed.
-	 */
-	if (is_data && last)
-		folio_unlock(folio);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
-}
-
 static void btrfs_subpage_clamp_range(struct folio *folio, u64 *start, u32 *len)
 {
 	u64 orig_start = *start;
@@ -295,28 +237,8 @@ static void btrfs_subpage_clamp_range(struct folio *folio, u64 *start, u32 *len)
 			     orig_start + orig_len) - *start;
 }
 
-static void btrfs_subpage_start_writer(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				       struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
-{
-	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
-	const int start_bit = subpage_calc_start_bit(fs_info, folio, locked, start, len);
-	const int nbits = (len >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
-	unsigned long flags;
-	int ret;
-
-	btrfs_subpage_assert(fs_info, folio, start, len);
-
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&subpage->lock, flags);
-	ASSERT(atomic_read(&subpage->readers) == 0);
-	ASSERT(bitmap_test_range_all_zero(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits));
-	bitmap_set(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits);
-	ret = atomic_add_return(nbits, &subpage->writers);
-	ASSERT(ret == nbits);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
-}
-
-static bool btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_writer(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-					      struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
+static bool btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+					    struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
 {
 	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
 	const int start_bit = subpage_calc_start_bit(fs_info, folio, locked, start, len);
@@ -334,9 +256,9 @@ static bool btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_writer(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_inf
 	 * extent_clear_unlock_delalloc() for compression path.
 	 *
 	 * This @locked_page is locked by plain lock_page(), thus its
-	 * subpage::writers is 0.  Handle them in a special way.
+	 * subpage::locked is 0.  Handle them in a special way.
 	 */
-	if (atomic_read(&subpage->writers) == 0) {
+	if (atomic_read(&subpage->nr_locked) == 0) {
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
 		return true;
 	}
@@ -345,40 +267,13 @@ static bool btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_writer(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_inf
 		clear_bit(bit, subpage->bitmaps);
 		cleared++;
 	}
-	ASSERT(atomic_read(&subpage->writers) >= cleared);
-	last = atomic_sub_and_test(cleared, &subpage->writers);
+	ASSERT(atomic_read(&subpage->nr_locked) >= cleared);
+	last = atomic_sub_and_test(cleared, &subpage->nr_locked);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
 	return last;
 }
 
 /*
- * Lock a folio for delalloc page writeback.
- *
- * Return -EAGAIN if the page is not properly initialized.
- * Return 0 with the page locked, and writer counter updated.
- *
- * Even with 0 returned, the page still need extra check to make sure
- * it's really the correct page, as the caller is using
- * filemap_get_folios_contig(), which can race with page invalidating.
- */
-int btrfs_folio_start_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				  struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
-{
-	if (unlikely(!fs_info) || !btrfs_is_subpage(fs_info, folio->mapping)) {
-		folio_lock(folio);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	folio_lock(folio);
-	if (!folio_test_private(folio) || !folio_get_private(folio)) {
-		folio_unlock(folio);
-		return -EAGAIN;
-	}
-	btrfs_subpage_clamp_range(folio, &start, &len);
-	btrfs_subpage_start_writer(fs_info, folio, start, len);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
  * Handle different locked folios:
  *
  * - Non-subpage folio
@@ -394,8 +289,8 @@ int btrfs_folio_start_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
  *   bitmap, reduce the writer lock number, and unlock the page if that's
  *   the last locked range.
  */
-void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				 struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
+void btrfs_folio_end_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			  struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
 {
 	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
 
@@ -408,24 +303,24 @@ void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 
 	/*
 	 * For subpage case, there are two types of locked page.  With or
-	 * without writers number.
+	 * without locked number.
 	 *
-	 * Since we own the page lock, no one else could touch subpage::writers
+	 * Since we own the page lock, no one else could touch subpage::locked
 	 * and we are safe to do several atomic operations without spinlock.
 	 */
-	if (atomic_read(&subpage->writers) == 0) {
-		/* No writers, locked by plain lock_page(). */
+	if (atomic_read(&subpage->nr_locked) == 0) {
+		/* No subpage lock, locked by plain lock_page(). */
 		folio_unlock(folio);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	btrfs_subpage_clamp_range(folio, &start, &len);
-	if (btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_writer(fs_info, folio, start, len))
+	if (btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_lock(fs_info, folio, start, len))
 		folio_unlock(folio);
 }
 
-void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock_bitmap(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-					struct folio *folio, unsigned long bitmap)
+void btrfs_folio_end_lock_bitmap(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+				 struct folio *folio, unsigned long bitmap)
 {
 	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
 	const int start_bit = fs_info->sectors_per_page * btrfs_bitmap_nr_locked;
@@ -434,13 +329,13 @@ void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock_bitmap(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	int cleared = 0;
 	int bit;
 
-	if (unlikely(!fs_info) || !btrfs_is_subpage(fs_info, folio->mapping)) {
+	if (!btrfs_is_subpage(fs_info, folio->mapping)) {
 		folio_unlock(folio);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (atomic_read(&subpage->writers) == 0) {
-		/* No writers, locked by plain lock_page(). */
+	if (atomic_read(&subpage->nr_locked) == 0) {
+		/* No subpage lock, locked by plain lock_page(). */
 		folio_unlock(folio);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -450,8 +345,8 @@ void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock_bitmap(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 		if (test_and_clear_bit(bit + start_bit, subpage->bitmaps))
 			cleared++;
 	}
-	ASSERT(atomic_read(&subpage->writers) >= cleared);
-	last = atomic_sub_and_test(cleared, &subpage->writers);
+	ASSERT(atomic_read(&subpage->nr_locked) >= cleared);
+	last = atomic_sub_and_test(cleared, &subpage->nr_locked);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
 	if (last)
 		folio_unlock(folio);
@@ -776,8 +671,8 @@ void btrfs_folio_assert_not_dirty(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
  * This populates the involved subpage ranges so that subpage helpers can
  * properly unlock them.
  */
-void btrfs_folio_set_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				 struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
+void btrfs_folio_set_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			  struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len)
 {
 	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage;
 	unsigned long flags;
@@ -796,58 +691,11 @@ void btrfs_folio_set_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	/* Target range should not yet be locked. */
 	ASSERT(bitmap_test_range_all_zero(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits));
 	bitmap_set(subpage->bitmaps, start_bit, nbits);
-	ret = atomic_add_return(nbits, &subpage->writers);
+	ret = atomic_add_return(nbits, &subpage->nr_locked);
 	ASSERT(ret <= fs_info->sectors_per_page);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
 }
 
-/*
- * Find any subpage writer locked range inside @folio, starting at file offset
- * @search_start. The caller should ensure the folio is locked.
- *
- * Return true and update @found_start_ret and @found_len_ret to the first
- * writer locked range.
- * Return false if there is no writer locked range.
- */
-bool btrfs_subpage_find_writer_locked(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				      struct folio *folio, u64 search_start,
-				      u64 *found_start_ret, u32 *found_len_ret)
-{
-	struct btrfs_subpage *subpage = folio_get_private(folio);
-	const u32 sectors_per_page = fs_info->sectors_per_page;
-	const unsigned int len = PAGE_SIZE - offset_in_page(search_start);
-	const unsigned int start_bit = subpage_calc_start_bit(fs_info, folio,
-						locked, search_start, len);
-	const unsigned int locked_bitmap_start = sectors_per_page * btrfs_bitmap_nr_locked;
-	const unsigned int locked_bitmap_end = locked_bitmap_start + sectors_per_page;
-	unsigned long flags;
-	int first_zero;
-	int first_set;
-	bool found = false;
-
-	ASSERT(folio_test_locked(folio));
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&subpage->lock, flags);
-	first_set = find_next_bit(subpage->bitmaps, locked_bitmap_end, start_bit);
-	if (first_set >= locked_bitmap_end)
-		goto out;
-
-	found = true;
-
-	*found_start_ret = folio_pos(folio) +
-		((first_set - locked_bitmap_start) << fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
-	/*
-	 * Since @first_set is ensured to be smaller than locked_bitmap_end
-	 * here, @found_start_ret should be inside the folio.
-	 */
-	ASSERT(*found_start_ret < folio_pos(folio) + PAGE_SIZE);
-
-	first_zero = find_next_zero_bit(subpage->bitmaps, locked_bitmap_end, first_set);
-	*found_len_ret = (first_zero - first_set) << fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
-out:
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subpage->lock, flags);
-	return found;
-}
-
 #define GET_SUBPAGE_BITMAP(subpage, fs_info, name, dst)			\
 {									\
 	const int sectors_per_page = fs_info->sectors_per_page;		\
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/subpage.h b/fs/btrfs/subpage.h
index 4b85d91d0e18..428fa9389fd4 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/subpage.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/subpage.h
@@ -45,14 +45,6 @@ enum {
 struct btrfs_subpage {
 	/* Common members for both data and metadata pages */
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	/*
-	 * Both data and metadata needs to track how many readers are for the
-	 * page.
-	 * Data relies on @readers to unlock the page when last reader finished.
-	 * While metadata doesn't need page unlock, it needs to prevent
-	 * page::private get cleared before the last end_page_read().
-	 */
-	atomic_t readers;
 	union {
 		/*
 		 * Structures only used by metadata
@@ -62,8 +54,12 @@ struct btrfs_subpage {
 		 */
 		atomic_t eb_refs;
 
-		/* Structures only used by data */
-		atomic_t writers;
+		/*
+		 * Structures only used by data,
+		 *
+		 * How many sectors inside the page is locked.
+		 */
+		atomic_t nr_locked;
 	};
 	unsigned long bitmaps[];
 };
@@ -95,23 +91,12 @@ void btrfs_free_subpage(struct btrfs_subpage *subpage);
 void btrfs_folio_inc_eb_refs(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct folio *folio);
 void btrfs_folio_dec_eb_refs(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct folio *folio);
 
-void btrfs_subpage_start_reader(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
-void btrfs_subpage_end_reader(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-			      struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
-
-int btrfs_folio_start_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				  struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
-void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				 struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
-void btrfs_folio_set_writer_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				 struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
-void btrfs_folio_end_writer_lock_bitmap(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-					struct folio *folio, unsigned long bitmap);
-bool btrfs_subpage_find_writer_locked(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-				      struct folio *folio, u64 search_start,
-				      u64 *found_start_ret, u32 *found_len_ret);
-
+void btrfs_folio_end_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			  struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
+void btrfs_folio_set_lock(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+			  struct folio *folio, u64 start, u32 len);
+void btrfs_folio_end_lock_bitmap(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+				 struct folio *folio, unsigned long bitmap);
 /*
  * Template for subpage related operations.
  *
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/super.c b/fs/btrfs/super.c
index c64d07134122..97a85d180b61 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/super.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/super.c
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include <linux/btrfs.h>
 #include <linux/security.h>
 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
-#include <linux/swap.h>
 #include "messages.h"
 #include "delayed-inode.h"
 #include "ctree.h"
@@ -946,8 +945,7 @@ static int get_default_subvol_objectid(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 *objec
 }
 
 static int btrfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb,
-			    struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices,
-			    void *data)
+			    struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices)
 {
 	struct inode *inode;
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(sb);
@@ -971,7 +969,7 @@ static int btrfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb,
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	err = open_ctree(sb, fs_devices, (char *)data);
+	err = open_ctree(sb, fs_devices);
 	if (err) {
 		btrfs_err(fs_info, "open_ctree failed");
 		return err;
@@ -1893,7 +1891,7 @@ static int btrfs_get_tree_super(struct fs_context *fc)
 		snprintf(sb->s_id, sizeof(sb->s_id), "%pg", bdev);
 		shrinker_debugfs_rename(sb->s_shrink, "sb-btrfs:%s", sb->s_id);
 		btrfs_sb(sb)->bdev_holder = &btrfs_fs_type;
-		ret = btrfs_fill_super(sb, fs_devices, NULL);
+		ret = btrfs_fill_super(sb, fs_devices);
 	}
 
 	if (ret) {
@@ -2191,7 +2189,8 @@ static struct file_system_type btrfs_fs_type = {
 	.init_fs_context	= btrfs_init_fs_context,
 	.parameters		= btrfs_fs_parameters,
 	.kill_sb		= btrfs_kill_super,
-	.fs_flags		= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP,
+	.fs_flags		= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA |
+				  FS_ALLOW_IDMAP | FS_MGTIME,
  };
 
 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("btrfs");
@@ -2256,7 +2255,10 @@ static long btrfs_control_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
 		device = btrfs_scan_one_device(vol->name, BLK_OPEN_READ, false);
 		if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(device)) {
 			mutex_unlock(&uuid_mutex);
-			ret = PTR_ERR(device);
+			if (IS_ERR(device))
+				ret = PTR_ERR(device);
+			else
+				ret = 0;
 			break;
 		}
 		ret = !(device->fs_devices->num_devices ==
@@ -2395,13 +2397,7 @@ static long btrfs_nr_cached_objects(struct super_block *sb, struct shrink_contro
 
 	trace_btrfs_extent_map_shrinker_count(fs_info, nr);
 
-	/*
-	 * Only report the real number for DEBUG builds, as there are reports of
-	 * serious performance degradation caused by too frequent shrinks.
-	 */
-	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG))
-		return nr;
-	return 0;
+	return nr;
 }
 
 static long btrfs_free_cached_objects(struct super_block *sb, struct shrink_control *sc)
@@ -2409,16 +2405,10 @@ static long btrfs_free_cached_objects(struct super_block *sb, struct shrink_cont
 	const long nr_to_scan = min_t(unsigned long, LONG_MAX, sc->nr_to_scan);
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(sb);
 
-	/*
-	 * We may be called from any task trying to allocate memory and we don't
-	 * want to slow it down with scanning and dropping extent maps. It would
-	 * also cause heavy lock contention if many tasks concurrently enter
-	 * here. Therefore only allow kswapd tasks to scan and drop extent maps.
-	 */
-	if (!current_is_kswapd())
-		return 0;
+	btrfs_free_extent_maps(fs_info, nr_to_scan);
 
-	return btrfs_free_extent_maps(fs_info, nr_to_scan);
+	/* The extent map shrinker runs asynchronously, so always return 0. */
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static const struct super_operations btrfs_super_ops = {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/sysfs.c b/fs/btrfs/sysfs.c
index 03926ad467c9..b843308e2bc6 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/sysfs.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/sysfs.c
@@ -1390,7 +1390,7 @@ static ssize_t btrfs_bg_reclaim_threshold_store(struct kobject *kobj,
 BTRFS_ATTR_RW(, bg_reclaim_threshold, btrfs_bg_reclaim_threshold_show,
 	      btrfs_bg_reclaim_threshold_store);
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 static ssize_t btrfs_offload_csum_show(struct kobject *kobj,
 				       struct kobj_attribute *a, char *buf)
 {
@@ -1450,7 +1450,7 @@ static const struct attribute *btrfs_attrs[] = {
 	BTRFS_ATTR_PTR(, bg_reclaim_threshold),
 	BTRFS_ATTR_PTR(, commit_stats),
 	BTRFS_ATTR_PTR(, temp_fsid),
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 	BTRFS_ATTR_PTR(, offload_csum),
 #endif
 	NULL,
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.c b/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.c
index ce50847e1e01..e607b5d52fb1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ const char *test_error[] = {
 	[TEST_ALLOC_BLOCK_GROUP]     = "cannot allocate block group",
 	[TEST_ALLOC_EXTENT_MAP]      = "cannot allocate extent map",
 	[TEST_ALLOC_CHUNK_MAP]       = "cannot allocate chunk map",
+	[TEST_ALLOC_IO_CONTEXT]	     = "cannot allocate io context",
 };
 
 static const struct super_operations btrfs_test_super_ops = {
@@ -291,6 +292,9 @@ int btrfs_run_sanity_tests(void)
 			ret = btrfs_test_free_space_tree(sectorsize, nodesize);
 			if (ret)
 				goto out;
+			ret = btrfs_test_raid_stripe_tree(sectorsize, nodesize);
+			if (ret)
+				goto out;
 		}
 	}
 	ret = btrfs_test_extent_map();
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.h b/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.h
index dc2f2ab15fa5..b524ecf2f452 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tests/btrfs-tests.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ enum {
 	TEST_ALLOC_BLOCK_GROUP,
 	TEST_ALLOC_EXTENT_MAP,
 	TEST_ALLOC_CHUNK_MAP,
+	TEST_ALLOC_IO_CONTEXT,
 };
 
 extern const char *test_error[];
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ int btrfs_test_extent_io(u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize);
 int btrfs_test_inodes(u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize);
 int btrfs_test_qgroups(u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize);
 int btrfs_test_free_space_tree(u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize);
+int btrfs_test_raid_stripe_tree(u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize);
 int btrfs_test_extent_map(void);
 struct inode *btrfs_new_test_inode(void);
 struct btrfs_fs_info *btrfs_alloc_dummy_fs_info(u32 nodesize, u32 sectorsize);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tests/raid-stripe-tree-tests.c b/fs/btrfs/tests/raid-stripe-tree-tests.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..30f17eb7b6a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tests/raid-stripe-tree-tests.c
@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/sizes.h>
+#include "../fs.h"
+#include "../disk-io.h"
+#include "../transaction.h"
+#include "../volumes.h"
+#include "../raid-stripe-tree.h"
+#include "btrfs-tests.h"
+
+#define RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES	(2)
+#define RST_TEST_RAID1_TYPE	(BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_DATA | BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_RAID1)
+
+typedef int (*test_func_t)(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans);
+
+static struct btrfs_device *btrfs_device_by_devid(struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devices,
+						  u64 devid)
+{
+	struct btrfs_device *dev;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(dev, &fs_devices->devices, dev_list) {
+		if (dev->devid == devid)
+			return dev;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test a 64K RST write on a 2 disk RAID1 at a logical address of 1M and then
+ * delete the 1st 32K, making the new start address 1M+32K.
+ */
+static int test_front_delete(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_io_context *bioc;
+	struct btrfs_io_stripe io_stripe = { 0 };
+	u64 map_type = RST_TEST_RAID1_TYPE;
+	u64 logical = SZ_1M;
+	u64 len = SZ_64K;
+	int ret;
+
+	bioc = alloc_btrfs_io_context(fs_info, logical, RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES);
+	if (!bioc) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_IO_CONTEXT);
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_stripe.dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, 0);
+	bioc->map_type = map_type;
+	bioc->size = len;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES; i++) {
+		struct btrfs_io_stripe *stripe = &bioc->stripes[i];
+
+		stripe->dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, i);
+		if (!stripe->dev) {
+			test_err("cannot find device with devid %d", i);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		stripe->physical = logical + i * SZ_1G;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(trans, bioc);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("inserting RAID extent failed: %d", ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 logical, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_64K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_64K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_delete_raid_extent(trans, logical, SZ_32K);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("deleting RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + SZ_32K);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	len = SZ_32K;
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical + SZ_32K, &len,
+					   map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed",
+			 logical + SZ_32K, logical + SZ_32K + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical + SZ_32K) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu, got %llu",
+			 logical + SZ_32K, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_32K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu, got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_32K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (!ret) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] succeeded, should fail",
+			 logical, logical + SZ_32K);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_delete_raid_extent(trans, logical + SZ_32K, SZ_32K);
+out:
+	btrfs_put_bioc(bioc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test a 64K RST write on a 2 disk RAID1 at a logical address of 1M and then
+ * truncate the stripe extent down to 32K.
+ */
+static int test_tail_delete(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_io_context *bioc;
+	struct btrfs_io_stripe io_stripe = { 0 };
+	u64 map_type = RST_TEST_RAID1_TYPE;
+	u64 logical = SZ_1M;
+	u64 len = SZ_64K;
+	int ret;
+
+	bioc = alloc_btrfs_io_context(fs_info, logical, RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES);
+	if (!bioc) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_IO_CONTEXT);
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_stripe.dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, 0);
+	bioc->map_type = map_type;
+	bioc->size = len;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES; i++) {
+		struct btrfs_io_stripe *stripe = &bioc->stripes[i];
+
+		stripe->dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, i);
+		if (!stripe->dev) {
+			test_err("cannot find device with devid %d", i);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		stripe->physical = logical + i * SZ_1G;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(trans, bioc);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("inserting RAID extent failed: %d", ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_stripe.dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, 0);
+	if (!io_stripe.dev) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 logical, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_64K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_64K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_delete_raid_extent(trans, logical + SZ_32K, SZ_32K);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("deleting RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed",
+			 logical + SZ_32K, logical + SZ_64K);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	len = SZ_32K;
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu, got %llu",
+			 logical, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_32K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu, got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_32K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_delete_raid_extent(trans, logical, len);
+	if (ret)
+		test_err("deleting RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+
+out:
+	btrfs_put_bioc(bioc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test a 64K RST write on a 2 disk RAID1 at a logical address of 1M and then
+ * overwrite the whole range giving it new physical address at an offset of 1G.
+ * The intent of this test is to exercise the 'update_raid_extent_item()'
+ * function called be btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent().
+ */
+static int test_create_update_delete(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_io_context *bioc;
+	struct btrfs_io_stripe io_stripe = { 0 };
+	u64 map_type = RST_TEST_RAID1_TYPE;
+	u64 logical = SZ_1M;
+	u64 len = SZ_64K;
+	int ret;
+
+	bioc = alloc_btrfs_io_context(fs_info, logical, RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES);
+	if (!bioc) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_IO_CONTEXT);
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_stripe.dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, 0);
+	bioc->map_type = map_type;
+	bioc->size = len;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES; i++) {
+		struct btrfs_io_stripe *stripe = &bioc->stripes[i];
+
+		stripe->dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, i);
+		if (!stripe->dev) {
+			test_err("cannot find device with devid %d", i);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		stripe->physical = logical + i * SZ_1G;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(trans, bioc);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("inserting RAID extent failed: %d", ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_stripe.dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, 0);
+	if (!io_stripe.dev) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 logical, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_64K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_64K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES; i++) {
+		struct btrfs_io_stripe *stripe = &bioc->stripes[i];
+
+		stripe->dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, i);
+		if (!stripe->dev) {
+			test_err("cannot find device with devid %d", i);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		stripe->physical = SZ_1G + logical + i * SZ_1G;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(trans, bioc);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("updating RAID extent failed: %d", ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical + SZ_1G) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu, got %llu",
+			 logical + SZ_1G, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_64K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu, got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_64K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_delete_raid_extent(trans, logical, len);
+	if (ret)
+		test_err("deleting RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+
+out:
+	btrfs_put_bioc(bioc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test a simple 64K RST write on a 2 disk RAID1 at a logical address of 1M.
+ * The "physical" copy on device 0 is at 1M, on device 1 it is at 1G+1M.
+ */
+static int test_simple_create_delete(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans)
+{
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_io_context *bioc;
+	struct btrfs_io_stripe io_stripe = { 0 };
+	u64 map_type = RST_TEST_RAID1_TYPE;
+	u64 logical = SZ_1M;
+	u64 len = SZ_64K;
+	int ret;
+
+	bioc = alloc_btrfs_io_context(fs_info, logical, RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES);
+	if (!bioc) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_IO_CONTEXT);
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	bioc->map_type = map_type;
+	bioc->size = SZ_64K;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES; i++) {
+		struct btrfs_io_stripe *stripe = &bioc->stripes[i];
+
+		stripe->dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, i);
+		if (!stripe->dev) {
+			test_err("cannot find device with devid %d", i);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		stripe->physical = logical + i * SZ_1G;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_insert_one_raid_extent(trans, bioc);
+	if (ret) {
+		test_err("inserting RAID extent failed: %d", ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	io_stripe.dev = btrfs_device_by_devid(fs_info->fs_devices, 0);
+	if (!io_stripe.dev) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(fs_info, logical, &len, map_type, 0, &io_stripe);
+	if (ret)  {
+		test_err("lookup of RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (io_stripe.physical != logical) {
+		test_err("invalid physical address, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 logical, io_stripe.physical);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (len != SZ_64K) {
+		test_err("invalid stripe length, expected %llu got %llu",
+			 (u64)SZ_64K, len);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = btrfs_delete_raid_extent(trans, logical, len);
+	if (ret)
+		test_err("deleting RAID extent [%llu, %llu] failed", logical,
+			 logical + len);
+
+out:
+	btrfs_put_bioc(bioc);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static const test_func_t tests[] = {
+	test_simple_create_delete,
+	test_create_update_delete,
+	test_tail_delete,
+	test_front_delete,
+};
+
+static int run_test(test_func_t test, u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize)
+{
+	struct btrfs_trans_handle trans;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_root *root = NULL;
+	int ret;
+
+	fs_info = btrfs_alloc_dummy_fs_info(sectorsize, nodesize);
+	if (!fs_info) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_FS_INFO);
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	root = btrfs_alloc_dummy_root(fs_info);
+	if (IS_ERR(root)) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_ROOT);
+		ret = PTR_ERR(root);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	btrfs_set_super_compat_ro_flags(root->fs_info->super_copy,
+					BTRFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_RAID_STRIPE_TREE);
+	root->root_key.objectid = BTRFS_RAID_STRIPE_TREE_OBJECTID;
+	root->root_key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
+	root->root_key.offset = 0;
+	fs_info->stripe_root = root;
+	root->fs_info->tree_root = root;
+
+	root->node = alloc_test_extent_buffer(root->fs_info, nodesize);
+	if (IS_ERR(root->node)) {
+		test_std_err(TEST_ALLOC_EXTENT_BUFFER);
+		ret = PTR_ERR(root->node);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	btrfs_set_header_level(root->node, 0);
+	btrfs_set_header_nritems(root->node, 0);
+	root->alloc_bytenr += 2 * nodesize;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < RST_TEST_NUM_DEVICES; i++) {
+		struct btrfs_device *dev;
+
+		dev = btrfs_alloc_dummy_device(fs_info);
+		if (IS_ERR(dev)) {
+			test_err("cannot allocate device");
+			ret = PTR_ERR(dev);
+			goto out;
+		}
+		dev->devid = i;
+	}
+
+	btrfs_init_dummy_trans(&trans, root->fs_info);
+	ret = test(&trans);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+out:
+	btrfs_free_dummy_root(root);
+	btrfs_free_dummy_fs_info(fs_info);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int btrfs_test_raid_stripe_tree(u32 sectorsize, u32 nodesize)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	test_msg("running raid-stripe-tree tests");
+	for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tests); i++) {
+		ret = run_test(tests[i], sectorsize, nodesize);
+		if (ret) {
+			test_err("test-case %ps failed with %d\n", tests[i], ret);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
index 0fc873af891f..dc0b837efd5d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/transaction.c
@@ -141,8 +141,7 @@ void btrfs_put_transaction(struct btrfs_transaction *transaction)
 	WARN_ON(refcount_read(&transaction->use_count) == 0);
 	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&transaction->use_count)) {
 		BUG_ON(!list_empty(&transaction->list));
-		WARN_ON(!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(
-				&transaction->delayed_refs.href_root.rb_root));
+		WARN_ON(!xa_empty(&transaction->delayed_refs.head_refs));
 		WARN_ON(!xa_empty(&transaction->delayed_refs.dirty_extents));
 		if (transaction->delayed_refs.pending_csums)
 			btrfs_err(transaction->fs_info,
@@ -349,9 +348,8 @@ loop:
 
 	memset(&cur_trans->delayed_refs, 0, sizeof(cur_trans->delayed_refs));
 
-	cur_trans->delayed_refs.href_root = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
+	xa_init(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.head_refs);
 	xa_init(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.dirty_extents);
-	atomic_set(&cur_trans->delayed_refs.num_entries, 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * although the tree mod log is per file system and not per transaction,
@@ -2052,7 +2050,7 @@ static void cleanup_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, int err)
 
 	spin_unlock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
 
-	btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(trans->transaction, fs_info);
+	btrfs_cleanup_one_transaction(trans->transaction);
 
 	spin_lock(&fs_info->trans_lock);
 	if (cur_trans == fs_info->running_transaction)
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/transaction.h b/fs/btrfs/transaction.h
index dd9ce9b9f69e..184fa5c0062a 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/transaction.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/transaction.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ struct btrfs_path;
  */
 #define BTRFS_TRANS_DIO_WRITE_STUB	((void *) 1)
 
-/* Radix-tree tag for roots that are part of the trasaction. */
+/* Radix-tree tag for roots that are part of the transaction. */
 #define BTRFS_ROOT_TRANS_TAG			0
 
 enum btrfs_trans_state {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.c b/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.c
index 7b50263723bc..148d8cefa40e 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.c
@@ -2183,8 +2183,8 @@ int btrfs_check_eb_owner(const struct extent_buffer *eb, u64 root_owner)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int btrfs_verify_level_key(struct extent_buffer *eb, int level,
-			   struct btrfs_key *first_key, u64 parent_transid)
+int btrfs_verify_level_key(struct extent_buffer *eb,
+			   const struct btrfs_tree_parent_check *check)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = eb->fs_info;
 	int found_level;
@@ -2192,16 +2192,16 @@ int btrfs_verify_level_key(struct extent_buffer *eb, int level,
 	int ret;
 
 	found_level = btrfs_header_level(eb);
-	if (found_level != level) {
+	if (found_level != check->level) {
 		WARN(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG),
 		     KERN_ERR "BTRFS: tree level check failed\n");
 		btrfs_err(fs_info,
 "tree level mismatch detected, bytenr=%llu level expected=%u has=%u",
-			  eb->start, level, found_level);
+			  eb->start, check->level, found_level);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
 
-	if (!first_key)
+	if (!check->has_first_key)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -2226,15 +2226,15 @@ int btrfs_verify_level_key(struct extent_buffer *eb, int level,
 		btrfs_node_key_to_cpu(eb, &found_key, 0);
 	else
 		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(eb, &found_key, 0);
-	ret = btrfs_comp_cpu_keys(first_key, &found_key);
+	ret = btrfs_comp_cpu_keys(&check->first_key, &found_key);
 
 	if (ret) {
 		WARN(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG),
 		     KERN_ERR "BTRFS: tree first key check failed\n");
 		btrfs_err(fs_info,
 "tree first key mismatch detected, bytenr=%llu parent_transid=%llu key expected=(%llu,%u,%llu) has=(%llu,%u,%llu)",
-			  eb->start, parent_transid, first_key->objectid,
-			  first_key->type, first_key->offset,
+			  eb->start, check->transid, check->first_key.objectid,
+			  check->first_key.type, check->first_key.offset,
 			  found_key.objectid, found_key.type,
 			  found_key.offset);
 	}
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.h b/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.h
index 01669cfa6578..db67f96cbe4b 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-checker.h
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ int btrfs_check_node(struct extent_buffer *node);
 int btrfs_check_chunk_valid(struct extent_buffer *leaf,
 			    struct btrfs_chunk *chunk, u64 logical);
 int btrfs_check_eb_owner(const struct extent_buffer *eb, u64 root_owner);
-int btrfs_verify_level_key(struct extent_buffer *eb, int level,
-			   struct btrfs_key *first_key, u64 parent_transid);
+int btrfs_verify_level_key(struct extent_buffer *eb,
+			   const struct btrfs_tree_parent_check *check);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c b/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c
index 9637c7cdc0cf..c8d6587688b3 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-log.c
@@ -6204,7 +6204,6 @@ static int log_delayed_deletions_full(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 static int batch_delete_dir_index_items(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 					struct btrfs_inode *inode,
 					struct btrfs_path *path,
-					struct btrfs_log_ctx *ctx,
 					const struct list_head *delayed_del_list,
 					const struct btrfs_delayed_item *first,
 					const struct btrfs_delayed_item **last_ret)
@@ -6265,7 +6264,7 @@ static int log_delayed_deletions_incremental(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		if (ret < 0) {
 			return ret;
 		} else if (ret == 0) {
-			ret = batch_delete_dir_index_items(trans, inode, path, ctx,
+			ret = batch_delete_dir_index_items(trans, inode, path,
 							   delayed_del_list, curr,
 							   &last);
 			if (ret)
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.c b/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.c
index b382a4c443d4..1ac2678fc4ca 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.c
@@ -909,7 +909,6 @@ static void tree_mod_log_rewind(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
  * is freed (its refcount is decremented).
  */
 struct extent_buffer *btrfs_tree_mod_log_rewind(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-						struct btrfs_path *path,
 						struct extent_buffer *eb,
 						u64 time_seq)
 {
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.h b/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.h
index 6308c577a4a4..1c12566040db 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/tree-mod-log.h
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ int btrfs_tree_mod_log_insert_key(const struct extent_buffer *eb, int slot,
 				  enum btrfs_mod_log_op op);
 int btrfs_tree_mod_log_free_eb(struct extent_buffer *eb);
 struct extent_buffer *btrfs_tree_mod_log_rewind(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-						struct btrfs_path *path,
 						struct extent_buffer *eb,
 						u64 time_seq);
 struct extent_buffer *btrfs_get_old_root(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 time_seq);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/volumes.c b/fs/btrfs/volumes.c
index eb51b609190f..1cccaf9c2b0d 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/volumes.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/volumes.c
@@ -733,6 +733,114 @@ const u8 *btrfs_sb_fsid_ptr(const struct btrfs_super_block *sb)
 }
 
 /*
+ * We can have very weird soft links passed in.
+ * One example is "/proc/self/fd/<fd>", which can be a soft link to
+ * a block device.
+ *
+ * But it's never a good idea to use those weird names.
+ * Here we check if the path (not following symlinks) is a good one inside
+ * "/dev/".
+ */
+static bool is_good_dev_path(const char *dev_path)
+{
+	struct path path = { .mnt = NULL, .dentry = NULL };
+	char *path_buf = NULL;
+	char *resolved_path;
+	bool is_good = false;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!dev_path)
+		goto out;
+
+	path_buf = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!path_buf)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * Do not follow soft link, just check if the original path is inside
+	 * "/dev/".
+	 */
+	ret = kern_path(dev_path, 0, &path);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+	resolved_path = d_path(&path, path_buf, PATH_MAX);
+	if (IS_ERR(resolved_path))
+		goto out;
+	if (strncmp(resolved_path, "/dev/", strlen("/dev/")))
+		goto out;
+	is_good = true;
+out:
+	kfree(path_buf);
+	path_put(&path);
+	return is_good;
+}
+
+static int get_canonical_dev_path(const char *dev_path, char *canonical)
+{
+	struct path path = { .mnt = NULL, .dentry = NULL };
+	char *path_buf = NULL;
+	char *resolved_path;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!dev_path) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	path_buf = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!path_buf) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = kern_path(dev_path, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &path);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+	resolved_path = d_path(&path, path_buf, PATH_MAX);
+	ret = strscpy(canonical, resolved_path, PATH_MAX);
+out:
+	kfree(path_buf);
+	path_put(&path);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static bool is_same_device(struct btrfs_device *device, const char *new_path)
+{
+	struct path old = { .mnt = NULL, .dentry = NULL };
+	struct path new = { .mnt = NULL, .dentry = NULL };
+	char *old_path = NULL;
+	bool is_same = false;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!device->name)
+		goto out;
+
+	old_path = kzalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!old_path)
+		goto out;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	ret = strscpy(old_path, rcu_str_deref(device->name), PATH_MAX);
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	ret = kern_path(old_path, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &old);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+	ret = kern_path(new_path, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &new);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+	if (path_equal(&old, &new))
+		is_same = true;
+out:
+	kfree(old_path);
+	path_put(&old);
+	path_put(&new);
+	return is_same;
+}
+
+/*
  * Add new device to list of registered devices
  *
  * Returns:
@@ -852,7 +960,7 @@ static noinline struct btrfs_device *device_list_add(const char *path,
 				MAJOR(path_devt), MINOR(path_devt),
 				current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
 
-	} else if (!device->name || strcmp(device->name->str, path)) {
+	} else if (!device->name || !is_same_device(device, path)) {
 		/*
 		 * When FS is already mounted.
 		 * 1. If you are here and if the device->name is NULL that
@@ -1383,12 +1491,23 @@ struct btrfs_device *btrfs_scan_one_device(const char *path, blk_mode_t flags,
 	bool new_device_added = false;
 	struct btrfs_device *device = NULL;
 	struct file *bdev_file;
+	char *canonical_path = NULL;
 	u64 bytenr;
 	dev_t devt;
 	int ret;
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&uuid_mutex);
 
+	if (!is_good_dev_path(path)) {
+		canonical_path = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (canonical_path) {
+			ret = get_canonical_dev_path(path, canonical_path);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				kfree(canonical_path);
+				canonical_path = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	/*
 	 * Avoid an exclusive open here, as the systemd-udev may initiate the
 	 * device scan which may race with the user's mount or mkfs command,
@@ -1433,7 +1552,8 @@ struct btrfs_device *btrfs_scan_one_device(const char *path, blk_mode_t flags,
 		goto free_disk_super;
 	}
 
-	device = device_list_add(path, disk_super, &new_device_added);
+	device = device_list_add(canonical_path ? : path, disk_super,
+				 &new_device_added);
 	if (!IS_ERR(device) && new_device_added)
 		btrfs_free_stale_devices(device->devt, device);
 
@@ -1442,6 +1562,7 @@ free_disk_super:
 
 error_bdev_put:
 	fput(bdev_file);
+	kfree(canonical_path);
 
 	return device;
 }
@@ -2721,8 +2842,6 @@ int btrfs_init_new_device(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, const char *device_path
 	set_blocksize(device->bdev_file, BTRFS_BDEV_BLOCKSIZE);
 
 	if (seeding_dev) {
-		btrfs_clear_sb_rdonly(sb);
-
 		/* GFP_KERNEL allocation must not be under device_list_mutex */
 		seed_devices = btrfs_init_sprout(fs_info);
 		if (IS_ERR(seed_devices)) {
@@ -2865,8 +2984,6 @@ error_sysfs:
 	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->chunk_mutex);
 	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->fs_devices->device_list_mutex);
 error_trans:
-	if (seeding_dev)
-		btrfs_set_sb_rdonly(sb);
 	if (trans)
 		btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
 error_free_zone:
@@ -5310,7 +5427,7 @@ static int decide_stripe_size_zoned(struct alloc_chunk_ctl *ctl,
 	ctl->num_stripes = ctl->ndevs * ctl->dev_stripes;
 	data_stripes = (ctl->num_stripes - ctl->nparity) / ctl->ncopies;
 
-	/* stripe_size is fixed in zoned filesysmte. Reduce ndevs instead. */
+	/* stripe_size is fixed in zoned filesystem. Reduce ndevs instead. */
 	if (ctl->stripe_size * data_stripes > ctl->max_chunk_size) {
 		ctl->ndevs = div_u64(div_u64(ctl->max_chunk_size * ctl->ncopies,
 					     ctl->stripe_size) + ctl->nparity,
@@ -5842,24 +5959,6 @@ unsigned long btrfs_full_stripe_len(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	return len;
 }
 
-int btrfs_is_parity_mirror(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 logical, u64 len)
-{
-	struct btrfs_chunk_map *map;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	if (!btrfs_fs_incompat(fs_info, RAID56))
-		return 0;
-
-	map = btrfs_get_chunk_map(fs_info, logical, len);
-
-	if (!WARN_ON(IS_ERR(map))) {
-		if (map->type & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_RAID56_MASK)
-			ret = 1;
-		btrfs_free_chunk_map(map);
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static int find_live_mirror(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 			    struct btrfs_chunk_map *map, int first,
 			    int dev_replace_is_ongoing)
@@ -5920,9 +6019,9 @@ static int find_live_mirror(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	return preferred_mirror;
 }
 
-static struct btrfs_io_context *alloc_btrfs_io_context(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-						       u64 logical,
-						       u16 total_stripes)
+EXPORT_FOR_TESTS
+struct btrfs_io_context *alloc_btrfs_io_context(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+						u64 logical, u16 total_stripes)
 {
 	struct btrfs_io_context *bioc;
 
@@ -6481,13 +6580,15 @@ int btrfs_map_block(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, enum btrfs_map_op op,
 	max_len = btrfs_max_io_len(map, map_offset, &io_geom);
 	*length = min_t(u64, map->chunk_len - map_offset, max_len);
 
-	down_read(&dev_replace->rwsem);
+	if (dev_replace->replace_task != current)
+		down_read(&dev_replace->rwsem);
+
 	dev_replace_is_ongoing = btrfs_dev_replace_is_ongoing(dev_replace);
 	/*
 	 * Hold the semaphore for read during the whole operation, write is
 	 * requested at commit time but must wait.
 	 */
-	if (!dev_replace_is_ongoing)
+	if (!dev_replace_is_ongoing && dev_replace->replace_task != current)
 		up_read(&dev_replace->rwsem);
 
 	switch (map->type & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_PROFILE_MASK) {
@@ -6627,7 +6728,7 @@ int btrfs_map_block(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, enum btrfs_map_op op,
 	bioc->mirror_num = io_geom.mirror_num;
 
 out:
-	if (dev_replace_is_ongoing) {
+	if (dev_replace_is_ongoing && dev_replace->replace_task != current) {
 		lockdep_assert_held(&dev_replace->rwsem);
 		/* Unlock and let waiting writers proceed */
 		up_read(&dev_replace->rwsem);
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/volumes.h b/fs/btrfs/volumes.h
index 4481575dd70f..3a416b1bc24c 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/volumes.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/volumes.h
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ enum btrfs_read_policy {
 	BTRFS_NR_READ_POLICY,
 };
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 /*
  * Checksum mode - offload it to workqueues or do it synchronously in
  * btrfs_submit_chunk().
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ struct btrfs_fs_devices {
 	/* Policy used to read the mirrored stripes. */
 	enum btrfs_read_policy read_policy;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL
 	/* Checksum mode - offload it or do it synchronously. */
 	enum btrfs_offload_csum_mode offload_csum_mode;
 #endif
@@ -741,8 +741,6 @@ int btrfs_run_dev_stats(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans);
 void btrfs_rm_dev_replace_remove_srcdev(struct btrfs_device *srcdev);
 void btrfs_rm_dev_replace_free_srcdev(struct btrfs_device *srcdev);
 void btrfs_destroy_dev_replace_tgtdev(struct btrfs_device *tgtdev);
-int btrfs_is_parity_mirror(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
-			   u64 logical, u64 len);
 unsigned long btrfs_full_stripe_len(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 				    u64 logical);
 u64 btrfs_calc_stripe_length(const struct btrfs_chunk_map *map);
@@ -840,4 +838,9 @@ bool btrfs_repair_one_zone(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 logical);
 bool btrfs_pinned_by_swapfile(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, void *ptr);
 const u8 *btrfs_sb_fsid_ptr(const struct btrfs_super_block *sb);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_RUN_SANITY_TESTS
+struct btrfs_io_context *alloc_btrfs_io_context(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
+						u64 logical, u16 total_stripes);
+#endif
+
 #endif
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/xattr.c b/fs/btrfs/xattr.c
index ce464cd8e0ac..bc18710d1dcf 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/xattr.c
@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ int btrfs_setxattr(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, struct inode *inode,
 {
 	struct btrfs_dir_item *di = NULL;
 	struct btrfs_root *root = BTRFS_I(inode)->root;
-	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_path *path;
 	size_t name_len = strlen(name);
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -143,14 +142,14 @@ int btrfs_setxattr(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, struct inode *inode,
 		 */
 		ret = 0;
 		btrfs_assert_tree_write_locked(path->nodes[0]);
-		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(fs_info, path, name, name_len);
+		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(path, name, name_len);
 		if (!di && !(flags & XATTR_REPLACE)) {
 			ret = -ENOSPC;
 			goto out;
 		}
 	} else if (ret == -EEXIST) {
 		ret = 0;
-		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(fs_info, path, name, name_len);
+		di = btrfs_match_dir_item_name(path, name, name_len);
 		ASSERT(di); /* logic error */
 	} else if (ret) {
 		goto out;
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/zlib.c b/fs/btrfs/zlib.c
index 100abc00b794..ddf0d5a448a7 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/zlib.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/zlib.c
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ int zlib_compress_folios(struct list_head *ws, struct address_space *mapping,
 				pg_off = offset_in_page(start);
 				cur_len = btrfs_calc_input_length(orig_end, start);
 				data_in = kmap_local_folio(in_folio, pg_off);
-				start += PAGE_SIZE;
+				start += cur_len;
 				workspace->strm.next_in = data_in;
 				workspace->strm.avail_in = cur_len;
 			}
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/zoned.c b/fs/btrfs/zoned.c
index 69d03feea4e0..11ed523e528e 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/zoned.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/zoned.c
@@ -707,11 +707,14 @@ int btrfs_check_zoned_mode(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
 		 * zoned mode. In this case, we don't have a valid max zone
 		 * append size.
 		 */
-		if (bdev_is_zoned(device->bdev)) {
-			blk_stack_limits(lim,
-					 &bdev_get_queue(device->bdev)->limits,
-					 0);
-		}
+		if (bdev_is_zoned(device->bdev))
+			blk_stack_limits(lim, bdev_limits(device->bdev), 0);
+	}
+
+	ret = blk_validate_limits(lim);
+	if (ret) {
+		btrfs_err(fs_info, "zoned: failed to validate queue limits");
+		return ret;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1739,7 +1742,7 @@ bool btrfs_use_zone_append(struct btrfs_bio *bbio)
 		return false;
 
 	/*
-	 * Using REQ_OP_ZONE_APPNED for relocation can break assumptions on the
+	 * Using REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND for relocation can break assumptions on the
 	 * extent layout the relocation code has.
 	 * Furthermore we have set aside own block-group from which only the
 	 * relocation "process" can allocate and make sure only one process at a
@@ -1973,7 +1976,7 @@ int btrfs_check_meta_write_pointer(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
 	if (block_group->meta_write_pointer > eb->start)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	/* If for_sync, this hole will be filled with trasnsaction commit. */
+	/* If for_sync, this hole will be filled with transaction commit. */
 	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL && !wbc->for_sync)
 		return -EAGAIN;
 	return -EBUSY;
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/zstd.c b/fs/btrfs/zstd.c
index 866607fd3e58..5232b56d5892 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/zstd.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/zstd.c
@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ static void zstd_reclaim_timer_fn(struct timer_list *timer)
 	unsigned long reclaim_threshold = jiffies - ZSTD_BTRFS_RECLAIM_JIFFIES;
 	struct list_head *pos, *next;
 
+	ASSERT(timer == &wsm.timer);
+
 	spin_lock(&wsm.lock);
 
 	if (list_empty(&wsm.lru_list)) {
@@ -495,7 +497,7 @@ int zstd_compress_folios(struct list_head *ws, struct address_space *mapping,
 
 		/* Check if we need more input */
 		if (workspace->in_buf.pos == workspace->in_buf.size) {
-			tot_in += PAGE_SIZE;
+			tot_in += workspace->in_buf.size;
 			kunmap_local(workspace->in_buf.src);
 			workspace->in_buf.src = NULL;
 			folio_put(in_folio);