// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later /* * pci_link.c - ACPI PCI Interrupt Link Device Driver ($Revision: 34 $) * * Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Andy Grover * Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Paul Diefenbaugh * Copyright (C) 2002 Dominik Brodowski * * TBD: * 1. Support more than one IRQ resource entry per link device (index). * 2. Implement start/stop mechanism and use ACPI Bus Driver facilities * for IRQ management (e.g. start()->_SRS). */ #define pr_fmt(fmt) "ACPI: PCI: " fmt #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "internal.h" #define ACPI_PCI_LINK_CLASS "pci_irq_routing" #define ACPI_PCI_LINK_DEVICE_NAME "PCI Interrupt Link" #define ACPI_PCI_LINK_MAX_POSSIBLE 16 static int acpi_pci_link_add(struct acpi_device *device, const struct acpi_device_id *not_used); static void acpi_pci_link_remove(struct acpi_device *device); static const struct acpi_device_id link_device_ids[] = { {"PNP0C0F", 0}, {"", 0}, }; static struct acpi_scan_handler pci_link_handler = { .ids = link_device_ids, .attach = acpi_pci_link_add, .detach = acpi_pci_link_remove, }; /* * If a link is initialized, we never change its active and initialized * later even the link is disable. Instead, we just repick the active irq */ struct acpi_pci_link_irq { u32 active; /* Current IRQ */ u8 triggering; /* All IRQs */ u8 polarity; /* All IRQs */ u8 resource_type; u8 possible_count; u32 possible[ACPI_PCI_LINK_MAX_POSSIBLE]; u8 initialized:1; u8 reserved:7; }; struct acpi_pci_link { struct list_head list; struct acpi_device *device; struct acpi_pci_link_irq irq; int refcnt; }; static LIST_HEAD(acpi_link_list); static DEFINE_MUTEX(acpi_link_lock); static int sci_irq = -1, sci_penalty; /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- PCI Link Device Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* * set context (link) possible list from resource list */ static acpi_status acpi_pci_link_check_possible(struct acpi_resource *resource, void *context) { struct acpi_pci_link *link = context; acpi_handle handle = link->device->handle; u32 i; switch (resource->type) { case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_START_DEPENDENT: case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_END_TAG: return AE_OK; case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_IRQ: { struct acpi_resource_irq *p = &resource->data.irq; if (!p->interrupt_count) { acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Blank _PRS IRQ resource\n"); return AE_OK; } for (i = 0; (i < p->interrupt_count && i < ACPI_PCI_LINK_MAX_POSSIBLE); i++) { if (!p->interrupts[i]) { acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Invalid _PRS IRQ %d\n", p->interrupts[i]); continue; } link->irq.possible[i] = p->interrupts[i]; link->irq.possible_count++; } link->irq.triggering = p->triggering; link->irq.polarity = p->polarity; link->irq.resource_type = ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_IRQ; break; } case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_EXTENDED_IRQ: { struct acpi_resource_extended_irq *p = &resource->data.extended_irq; if (!p->interrupt_count) { acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Blank _PRS EXT IRQ resource\n"); return AE_OK; } for (i = 0; (i < p->interrupt_count && i < ACPI_PCI_LINK_MAX_POSSIBLE); i++) { if (!p->interrupts[i]) { acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Invalid _PRS IRQ %d\n", p->interrupts[i]); continue; } link->irq.possible[i] = p->interrupts[i]; link->irq.possible_count++; } link->irq.triggering = p->triggering; link->irq.polarity = p->polarity; link->irq.resource_type = ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_EXTENDED_IRQ; break; } default: acpi_handle_debug(handle, "_PRS resource type 0x%x is not IRQ\n", resource->type); return AE_OK; } return AE_CTRL_TERMINATE; } static int acpi_pci_link_get_possible(struct acpi_pci_link *link) { acpi_handle handle = link->device->handle; acpi_status status; status = acpi_walk_resources(handle, METHOD_NAME__PRS, acpi_pci_link_check_possible, link); if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) { acpi_handle_debug(handle, "_PRS not present or invalid"); return 0; } acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Found %d possible IRQs\n", link->irq.possible_count); return 0; } static acpi_status acpi_pci_link_check_current(struct acpi_resource *resource, void *context) { int *irq = context; switch (resource->type) { case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_START_DEPENDENT: case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_END_TAG: return AE_OK; case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_IRQ: { struct acpi_resource_irq *p = &resource->data.irq; if (!p->interrupt_count) { /* * IRQ descriptors may have no IRQ# bits set, * particularly those w/ _STA disabled */ pr_debug("Blank _CRS IRQ resource\n"); return AE_OK; } *irq = p->interrupts[0]; break; } case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_EXTENDED_IRQ: { struct acpi_resource_extended_irq *p = &resource->data.extended_irq; if (!p->interrupt_count) { /* * extended IRQ descriptors must * return at least 1 IRQ */ pr_debug("Blank _CRS EXT IRQ resource\n"); return AE_OK; } *irq = p->interrupts[0]; break; } break; default: pr_debug("_CRS resource type 0x%x is not IRQ\n", resource->type); return AE_OK; } return AE_CTRL_TERMINATE; } /* * Run _CRS and set link->irq.active * * return value: * 0 - success * !0 - failure */ static int acpi_pci_link_get_current(struct acpi_pci_link *link) { acpi_handle handle = link->device->handle; acpi_status status; int result = 0; int irq = 0; link->irq.active = 0; /* in practice, status disabled is meaningless, ignore it */ if (acpi_strict) { /* Query _STA, set link->device->status */ result = acpi_bus_get_status(link->device); if (result) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Unable to read status\n"); goto end; } if (!link->device->status.enabled) { acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Link disabled\n"); return 0; } } /* * Query and parse _CRS to get the current IRQ assignment. */ status = acpi_walk_resources(handle, METHOD_NAME__CRS, acpi_pci_link_check_current, &irq); if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) { acpi_evaluation_failure_warn(handle, "_CRS", status); result = -ENODEV; goto end; } if (acpi_strict && !irq) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "_CRS returned 0\n"); result = -ENODEV; } link->irq.active = irq; acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Link at IRQ %d \n", link->irq.active); end: return result; } static int acpi_pci_link_set(struct acpi_pci_link *link, int irq) { struct { struct acpi_resource res; struct acpi_resource end; } *resource; struct acpi_buffer buffer = { 0, NULL }; acpi_handle handle = link->device->handle; acpi_status status; int result; if (!irq) return -EINVAL; resource = kzalloc(sizeof(*resource) + 1, irqs_disabled() ? GFP_ATOMIC: GFP_KERNEL); if (!resource) return -ENOMEM; buffer.length = sizeof(*resource) + 1; buffer.pointer = resource; switch (link->irq.resource_type) { case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_IRQ: resource->res.type = ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_IRQ; resource->res.length = sizeof(struct acpi_resource); resource->res.data.irq.triggering = link->irq.triggering; resource->res.data.irq.polarity = link->irq.polarity; if (link->irq.triggering == ACPI_EDGE_SENSITIVE) resource->res.data.irq.shareable = ACPI_EXCLUSIVE; else resource->res.data.irq.shareable = ACPI_SHARED; resource->res.data.irq.interrupt_count = 1; resource->res.data.irq.interrupts[0] = irq; break; case ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_EXTENDED_IRQ: resource->res.type = ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_EXTENDED_IRQ; resource->res.length = sizeof(struct acpi_resource); resource->res.data.extended_irq.producer_consumer = ACPI_CONSUMER; resource->res.data.extended_irq.triggering = link->irq.triggering; resource->res.data.extended_irq.polarity = link->irq.polarity; if (link->irq.triggering == ACPI_EDGE_SENSITIVE) resource->res.data.extended_irq.shareable = ACPI_EXCLUSIVE; else resource->res.data.extended_irq.shareable = ACPI_SHARED; resource->res.data.extended_irq.interrupt_count = 1; resource->res.data.extended_irq.interrupts[0] = irq; /* ignore resource_source, it's optional */ break; default: acpi_handle_err(handle, "Invalid resource type %d\n", link->irq.resource_type); result = -EINVAL; goto end; } resource->end.type = ACPI_RESOURCE_TYPE_END_TAG; resource->end.length = sizeof(struct acpi_resource); /* Attempt to set the resource */ status = acpi_set_current_resources(link->device->handle, &buffer); /* check for total failure */ if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) { acpi_evaluation_failure_warn(handle, "_SRS", status); result = -ENODEV; goto end; } /* Query _STA, set device->status */ result = acpi_bus_get_status(link->device); if (result) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Unable to read status\n"); goto end; } if (!link->device->status.enabled) acpi_handle_warn(handle, "Disabled and referenced, BIOS bug\n"); /* Query _CRS, set link->irq.active */ result = acpi_pci_link_get_current(link); if (result) { goto end; } /* * Is current setting not what we set? * set link->irq.active */ if (link->irq.active != irq) { /* * policy: when _CRS doesn't return what we just _SRS * assume _SRS worked and override _CRS value. */ acpi_handle_warn(handle, "BIOS reported IRQ %d, using IRQ %d\n", link->irq.active, irq); link->irq.active = irq; } acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Set IRQ %d\n", link->irq.active); end: kfree(resource); return result; } /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- PCI Link IRQ Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* * "acpi_irq_balance" (default in APIC mode) enables ACPI to use PIC Interrupt * Link Devices to move the PIRQs around to minimize sharing. * * "acpi_irq_nobalance" (default in PIC mode) tells ACPI not to move any PIC IRQs * that the BIOS has already set to active. This is necessary because * ACPI has no automatic means of knowing what ISA IRQs are used. Note that * if the BIOS doesn't set a Link Device active, ACPI needs to program it * even if acpi_irq_nobalance is set. * * A tables of penalties avoids directing PCI interrupts to well known * ISA IRQs. Boot params are available to over-ride the default table: * * List interrupts that are free for PCI use. * acpi_irq_pci=n[,m] * * List interrupts that should not be used for PCI: * acpi_irq_isa=n[,m] * * Note that PCI IRQ routers have a list of possible IRQs, * which may not include the IRQs this table says are available. * * Since this heuristic can't tell the difference between a link * that no device will attach to, vs. a link which may be shared * by multiple active devices -- it is not optimal. * * If interrupt performance is that important, get an IO-APIC system * with a pin dedicated to each device. Or for that matter, an MSI * enabled system. */ #define ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS 16 #define PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_POSSIBLE (16*16) #define PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_USING (16*16*16) #define PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL (16*16*16*16) #define PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED (16*16*16*16*16) #define PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS (16*16*16*16*16*16) static int acpi_isa_irq_penalty[ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS] = { PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS, /* IRQ0 timer */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS, /* IRQ1 keyboard */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS, /* IRQ2 cascade */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL, /* IRQ3 serial */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL, /* IRQ4 serial */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL, /* IRQ5 sometimes SoundBlaster */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL, /* IRQ6 */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL, /* IRQ7 parallel, spurious */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_TYPICAL, /* IRQ8 rtc, sometimes */ 0, /* IRQ9 PCI, often acpi */ 0, /* IRQ10 PCI */ 0, /* IRQ11 PCI */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED, /* IRQ12 mouse */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED, /* IRQ13 fpe, sometimes */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED, /* IRQ14 ide0 */ PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED, /* IRQ15 ide1 */ /* >IRQ15 */ }; static int acpi_irq_pci_sharing_penalty(int irq) { struct acpi_pci_link *link; int penalty = 0; int i; list_for_each_entry(link, &acpi_link_list, list) { /* * If a link is active, penalize its IRQ heavily * so we try to choose a different IRQ. */ if (link->irq.active && link->irq.active == irq) penalty += PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_USING; /* * penalize the IRQs PCI might use, but not as severely. */ for (i = 0; i < link->irq.possible_count; i++) if (link->irq.possible[i] == irq) penalty += PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_POSSIBLE / link->irq.possible_count; } return penalty; } static int acpi_irq_get_penalty(int irq) { int penalty = 0; if (irq == sci_irq) penalty += sci_penalty; if (irq < ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS) return penalty + acpi_isa_irq_penalty[irq]; return penalty + acpi_irq_pci_sharing_penalty(irq); } int __init acpi_irq_penalty_init(void) { struct acpi_pci_link *link; int i; /* * Update penalties to facilitate IRQ balancing. */ list_for_each_entry(link, &acpi_link_list, list) { /* * reflect the possible and active irqs in the penalty table -- * useful for breaking ties. */ if (link->irq.possible_count) { int penalty = PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_POSSIBLE / link->irq.possible_count; for (i = 0; i < link->irq.possible_count; i++) { if (link->irq.possible[i] < ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS) acpi_isa_irq_penalty[link->irq. possible[i]] += penalty; } } else if (link->irq.active && (link->irq.active < ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS)) { acpi_isa_irq_penalty[link->irq.active] += PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_POSSIBLE; } } return 0; } static int acpi_irq_balance = -1; /* 0: static, 1: balance */ static int acpi_pci_link_allocate(struct acpi_pci_link *link) { acpi_handle handle = link->device->handle; int irq; int i; if (link->irq.initialized) { if (link->refcnt == 0) /* This means the link is disabled but initialized */ acpi_pci_link_set(link, link->irq.active); return 0; } /* * search for active IRQ in list of possible IRQs. */ for (i = 0; i < link->irq.possible_count; ++i) { if (link->irq.active == link->irq.possible[i]) break; } /* * forget active IRQ that is not in possible list */ if (i == link->irq.possible_count) { if (acpi_strict) acpi_handle_warn(handle, "_CRS %d not found in _PRS\n", link->irq.active); link->irq.active = 0; } /* * if active found, use it; else pick entry from end of possible list. */ if (link->irq.active) irq = link->irq.active; else irq = link->irq.possible[link->irq.possible_count - 1]; if (acpi_irq_balance || !link->irq.active) { /* * Select the best IRQ. This is done in reverse to promote * the use of IRQs 9, 10, 11, and >15. */ for (i = (link->irq.possible_count - 1); i >= 0; i--) { if (acpi_irq_get_penalty(irq) > acpi_irq_get_penalty(link->irq.possible[i])) irq = link->irq.possible[i]; } } if (acpi_irq_get_penalty(irq) >= PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "No IRQ available. Try pci=noacpi or acpi=off\n"); return -ENODEV; } /* Attempt to enable the link device at this IRQ. */ if (acpi_pci_link_set(link, irq)) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Unable to set IRQ. Try pci=noacpi or acpi=off\n"); return -ENODEV; } else { if (link->irq.active < ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS) acpi_isa_irq_penalty[link->irq.active] += PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_USING; acpi_handle_info(handle, "Enabled at IRQ %d\n", link->irq.active); } link->irq.initialized = 1; return 0; } /* * acpi_pci_link_allocate_irq * success: return IRQ >= 0 * failure: return -1 */ int acpi_pci_link_allocate_irq(acpi_handle handle, int index, int *triggering, int *polarity, char **name) { struct acpi_device *device = acpi_fetch_acpi_dev(handle); struct acpi_pci_link *link; if (!device) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Invalid link device\n"); return -1; } link = acpi_driver_data(device); if (!link) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Invalid link context\n"); return -1; } /* TBD: Support multiple index (IRQ) entries per Link Device */ if (index) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Invalid index %d\n", index); return -1; } mutex_lock(&acpi_link_lock); if (acpi_pci_link_allocate(link)) { mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); return -1; } if (!link->irq.active) { mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); acpi_handle_err(handle, "Link active IRQ is 0!\n"); return -1; } link->refcnt++; mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); if (triggering) *triggering = link->irq.triggering; if (polarity) *polarity = link->irq.polarity; if (name) *name = acpi_device_bid(link->device); acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Link is referenced\n"); return link->irq.active; } /* * We don't change link's irq information here. After it is reenabled, we * continue use the info */ int acpi_pci_link_free_irq(acpi_handle handle) { struct acpi_device *device = acpi_fetch_acpi_dev(handle); struct acpi_pci_link *link; if (!device) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Invalid link device\n"); return -1; } link = acpi_driver_data(device); if (!link) { acpi_handle_err(handle, "Invalid link context\n"); return -1; } mutex_lock(&acpi_link_lock); if (!link->irq.initialized) { mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); acpi_handle_err(handle, "Link isn't initialized\n"); return -1; } #ifdef FUTURE_USE /* * The Link reference count allows us to _DISable an unused link * and suspend time, and set it again on resume. * However, 2.6.12 still has irq_router.resume * which blindly restores the link state. * So we disable the reference count method * to prevent duplicate acpi_pci_link_set() * which would harm some systems */ link->refcnt--; #endif acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Link is dereferenced\n"); if (link->refcnt == 0) acpi_evaluate_object(link->device->handle, "_DIS", NULL, NULL); mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); return link->irq.active; } /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Driver Interface -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int acpi_pci_link_add(struct acpi_device *device, const struct acpi_device_id *not_used) { acpi_handle handle = device->handle; struct acpi_pci_link *link; int result; int i; link = kzalloc(sizeof(struct acpi_pci_link), GFP_KERNEL); if (!link) return -ENOMEM; link->device = device; strcpy(acpi_device_name(device), ACPI_PCI_LINK_DEVICE_NAME); strcpy(acpi_device_class(device), ACPI_PCI_LINK_CLASS); device->driver_data = link; mutex_lock(&acpi_link_lock); result = acpi_pci_link_get_possible(link); if (result) goto end; /* query and set link->irq.active */ acpi_pci_link_get_current(link); pr_info("Interrupt link %s configured for IRQ %d\n", acpi_device_bid(device), link->irq.active); for (i = 0; i < link->irq.possible_count; i++) { if (link->irq.active != link->irq.possible[i]) acpi_handle_debug(handle, "Possible IRQ %d\n", link->irq.possible[i]); } if (!link->device->status.enabled) pr_info("Interrupt link %s disabled\n", acpi_device_bid(device)); list_add_tail(&link->list, &acpi_link_list); end: /* disable all links -- to be activated on use */ acpi_evaluate_object(handle, "_DIS", NULL, NULL); mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); if (result) kfree(link); acpi_dev_clear_dependencies(device); return result < 0 ? result : 1; } static int acpi_pci_link_resume(struct acpi_pci_link *link) { if (link->refcnt && link->irq.active && link->irq.initialized) return (acpi_pci_link_set(link, link->irq.active)); return 0; } static void irqrouter_resume(void) { struct acpi_pci_link *link; list_for_each_entry(link, &acpi_link_list, list) { acpi_pci_link_resume(link); } } static void acpi_pci_link_remove(struct acpi_device *device) { struct acpi_pci_link *link; link = acpi_driver_data(device); mutex_lock(&acpi_link_lock); list_del(&link->list); mutex_unlock(&acpi_link_lock); kfree(link); } /* * modify acpi_isa_irq_penalty[] from cmdline */ static int __init acpi_irq_penalty_update(char *str, int used) { int i; for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { int retval; int irq; int new_penalty; retval = get_option(&str, &irq); if (!retval) break; /* no number found */ /* see if this is a ISA IRQ */ if ((irq < 0) || (irq >= ACPI_MAX_ISA_IRQS)) continue; if (used) new_penalty = acpi_isa_irq_penalty[irq] + PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED; else new_penalty = 0; acpi_isa_irq_penalty[irq] = new_penalty; if (retval != 2) /* no next number */ break; } return 1; } /* * We'd like PNP to call this routine for the * single ISA_USED value for each legacy device. * But instead it calls us with each POSSIBLE setting. * There is no ISA_POSSIBLE weight, so we simply use * the (small) PCI_USING penalty. */ void acpi_penalize_isa_irq(int irq, int active) { if ((irq >= 0) && (irq < ARRAY_SIZE(acpi_isa_irq_penalty))) acpi_isa_irq_penalty[irq] += (active ? PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_USED : PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_USING); } bool acpi_isa_irq_available(int irq) { return irq >= 0 && (irq >= ARRAY_SIZE(acpi_isa_irq_penalty) || acpi_irq_get_penalty(irq) < PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS); } void acpi_penalize_sci_irq(int irq, int trigger, int polarity) { sci_irq = irq; if (trigger == ACPI_MADT_TRIGGER_LEVEL && polarity == ACPI_MADT_POLARITY_ACTIVE_LOW) sci_penalty = PIRQ_PENALTY_PCI_USING; else sci_penalty = PIRQ_PENALTY_ISA_ALWAYS; } /* * Over-ride default table to reserve additional IRQs for use by ISA * e.g. acpi_irq_isa=5 * Useful for telling ACPI how not to interfere with your ISA sound card. */ static int __init acpi_irq_isa(char *str) { return acpi_irq_penalty_update(str, 1); } __setup("acpi_irq_isa=", acpi_irq_isa); /* * Over-ride default table to free additional IRQs for use by PCI * e.g. acpi_irq_pci=7,15 * Used for acpi_irq_balance to free up IRQs to reduce PCI IRQ sharing. */ static int __init acpi_irq_pci(char *str) { return acpi_irq_penalty_update(str, 0); } __setup("acpi_irq_pci=", acpi_irq_pci); static int __init acpi_irq_nobalance_set(char *str) { acpi_irq_balance = 0; return 1; } __setup("acpi_irq_nobalance", acpi_irq_nobalance_set); static int __init acpi_irq_balance_set(char *str) { acpi_irq_balance = 1; return 1; } __setup("acpi_irq_balance", acpi_irq_balance_set); static struct syscore_ops irqrouter_syscore_ops = { .resume = irqrouter_resume, }; void __init acpi_pci_link_init(void) { if (acpi_noirq) return; if (acpi_irq_balance == -1) { /* no command line switch: enable balancing in IOAPIC mode */ if (acpi_irq_model == ACPI_IRQ_MODEL_IOAPIC) acpi_irq_balance = 1; else acpi_irq_balance = 0; } register_syscore_ops(&irqrouter_syscore_ops); acpi_scan_add_handler(&pci_link_handler); }