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2014-11-07i8k: Add MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE macroPali Rohár1-0/+2
This patch adds MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE macro so i8k.ko module can be automatically loaded based on dmi system alias. Signed-off-by: Pali Rohár <pali.rohar@gmail.com> Acked-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2014-11-07i8k: Add support for Dell Latitude E6440Pali Rohár1-0/+8
Dell Latitude E6440 needs same settings as E6540. Signed-off-by: Pali Rohár <pali.rohar@gmail.com> Acked-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2014-10-31Return short read or 0 at end of a raw device, not EIODavid Jeffery1-1/+1
Author: David Jeffery <djeffery@redhat.com> Changes to the basic direct I/O code have broken the raw driver when reading to the end of a raw device. Instead of returning a short read for a read that extends partially beyond the device's end or 0 when at the end of the device, these reads now return EIO. The raw driver needs the same end of device handling as was added for normal block devices. Using blkdev_read_iter, which has the needed size checks, prevents the EIO conditions at the end of the device. Signed-off-by: David Jeffery <djeffery@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2014-10-24Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-4/+4
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random Pull /dev/random updates from Ted Ts'o: "This adds a memzero_explicit() call which is guaranteed not to be optimized away by GCC. This is important when we are wiping cryptographically sensitive material" * tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random: crypto: memzero_explicit - make sure to clear out sensitive data random: add and use memzero_explicit() for clearing data
2014-10-18Merge tag 'virtio-next-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2-6/+13
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux Pull virtio updates from Rusty Russell: "One cc: stable commit, the rest are a series of minor cleanups which have been sitting in MST's tree during my vacation. I changed a function name and made one trivial change, then they spent two days in linux-next" * tag 'virtio-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux: (25 commits) virtio-rng: refactor probe error handling virtio_scsi: drop scan callback virtio_balloon: enable VQs early on restore virtio_scsi: fix race on device removal virito_scsi: use freezable WQ for events virtio_net: enable VQs early on restore virtio_console: enable VQs early on restore virtio_scsi: enable VQs early on restore virtio_blk: enable VQs early on restore virtio_scsi: move kick event out from virtscsi_init virtio_net: fix use after free on allocation failure 9p/trans_virtio: enable VQs early virtio_console: enable VQs early virtio_blk: enable VQs early virtio_net: enable VQs early virtio: add API to enable VQs early virtio_net: minor cleanup virtio-net: drop config_mutex virtio_net: drop config_enable virtio-blk: drop config_mutex ...
2014-10-17random: add and use memzero_explicit() for clearing dataDaniel Borkmann1-4/+4
zatimend has reported that in his environment (3.16/gcc4.8.3/corei7) memset() calls which clear out sensitive data in extract_{buf,entropy, entropy_user}() in random driver are being optimized away by gcc. Add a helper memzero_explicit() (similarly as explicit_bzero() variants) that can be used in such cases where a variable with sensitive data is being cleared out in the end. Other use cases might also be in crypto code. [ I have put this into lib/string.c though, as it's always built-in and doesn't need any dependencies then. ] Fixes kernel bugzilla: 82041 Reported-by: zatimend@hotmail.co.uk Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com> Acked-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
2014-10-15Merge branch 'for-3.18-consistent-ops' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-1/+1
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu Pull percpu consistent-ops changes from Tejun Heo: "Way back, before the current percpu allocator was implemented, static and dynamic percpu memory areas were allocated and handled separately and had their own accessors. The distinction has been gone for many years now; however, the now duplicate two sets of accessors remained with the pointer based ones - this_cpu_*() - evolving various other operations over time. During the process, we also accumulated other inconsistent operations. This pull request contains Christoph's patches to clean up the duplicate accessor situation. __get_cpu_var() uses are replaced with with this_cpu_ptr() and __this_cpu_ptr() with raw_cpu_ptr(). Unfortunately, the former sometimes is tricky thanks to C being a bit messy with the distinction between lvalues and pointers, which led to a rather ugly solution for cpumask_var_t involving the introduction of this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(). This converts most of the uses but not all. Christoph will follow up with the remaining conversions in this merge window and hopefully remove the obsolete accessors" * 'for-3.18-consistent-ops' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (38 commits) irqchip: Properly fetch the per cpu offset percpu: Resolve ambiguities in __get_cpu_var/cpumask_var_t -fix ia64: sn_nodepda cannot be assigned to after this_cpu conversion. Use __this_cpu_write. percpu: Resolve ambiguities in __get_cpu_var/cpumask_var_t Revert "powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses" percpu: Remove __this_cpu_ptr clocksource: Replace __this_cpu_ptr with raw_cpu_ptr sparc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses avr32: Replace __get_cpu_var with __this_cpu_write blackfin: Replace __get_cpu_var uses tile: Use this_cpu_ptr() for hardware counters tile: Replace __get_cpu_var uses powerpc: Replace __get_cpu_var uses alpha: Replace __get_cpu_var ia64: Replace __get_cpu_var uses s390: cio driver &__get_cpu_var replacements s390: Replace __get_cpu_var uses mips: Replace __get_cpu_var uses MIPS: Replace __get_cpu_var uses in FPU emulator. arm: Replace __this_cpu_ptr with raw_cpu_ptr ...
2014-10-15virtio-rng: refactor probe error handlingMichael S. Tsirkin1-6/+9
Code like vi->vq = NULL; kfree(vi) does not make sense. Clean it up, use goto error labels for cleanup. Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2014-10-15virtio_console: enable VQs early on restoreMichael S. Tsirkin1-0/+2
virtio spec requires drivers to set DRIVER_OK before using VQs. This is set automatically after resume returns, virtio console violated this rule by adding inbufs, which causes the VQ to be used directly within restore. To fix, call virtio_device_ready before using VQs. Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2014-10-15virtio_console: enable VQs earlyMichael S. Tsirkin1-0/+2
virtio spec requires drivers to set DRIVER_OK before using VQs. This is set automatically after probe returns, virtio console violated this rule by adding inbufs, which causes the VQ to be used directly within probe. To fix, call virtio_device_ready before using VQs. Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2014-10-13Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-43/+13
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull vfs updates from Al Viro: "The big thing in this pile is Eric's unmount-on-rmdir series; we finally have everything we need for that. The final piece of prereqs is delayed mntput() - now filesystem shutdown always happens on shallow stack. Other than that, we have several new primitives for iov_iter (Matt Wilcox, culled from his XIP-related series) pushing the conversion to ->read_iter()/ ->write_iter() a bit more, a bunch of fs/dcache.c cleanups and fixes (including the external name refcounting, which gives consistent behaviour of d_move() wrt procfs symlinks for long and short names alike) and assorted cleanups and fixes all over the place. This is just the first pile; there's a lot of stuff from various people that ought to go in this window. Starting with unionmount/overlayfs mess... ;-/" * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (60 commits) fs/file_table.c: Update alloc_file() comment vfs: Deduplicate code shared by xattr system calls operating on paths reiserfs: remove pointless forward declaration of struct nameidata don't need that forward declaration of struct nameidata in dcache.h anymore take dname_external() into fs/dcache.c let path_init() failures treated the same way as subsequent link_path_walk() fix misuses of f_count() in ppp and netlink ncpfs: use list_for_each_entry() for d_subdirs walk vfs: move getname() from callers to do_mount() gfs2_atomic_open(): skip lookups on hashed dentry [infiniband] remove pointless assignments gadgetfs: saner API for gadgetfs_create_file() f_fs: saner API for ffs_sb_create_file() jfs: don't hash direct inode [s390] remove pointless assignment of ->f_op in vmlogrdr ->open() ecryptfs: ->f_op is never NULL android: ->f_op is never NULL nouveau: __iomem misannotations missing annotation in fs/file.c fs: namespace: suppress 'may be used uninitialized' warnings ...
2014-10-11Merge tag 'stable/for-linus-3.18-rc0-tag' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-6/+7
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip Pull Xen updates from David Vrabel: "Features and fixes: - Add pvscsi frontend and backend drivers. - Remove _PAGE_IOMAP PTE flag, freeing it for alternate uses. - Try and keep memory contiguous during PV memory setup (reduces SWIOTLB usage). - Allow front/back drivers to use threaded irqs. - Support large initrds in PV guests. - Fix PVH guests in preparation for Xen 4.5" * tag 'stable/for-linus-3.18-rc0-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip: (22 commits) xen: remove DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER() macro xen/xenbus: Remove BUG_ON() when error string trucated xen/xenbus: Correct the comments for xenbus_grant_ring() x86/xen: Set EFER.NX and EFER.SCE in PVH guests xen: eliminate scalability issues from initrd handling xen: sync some headers with xen tree xen: make pvscsi frontend dependant on xenbus frontend arm{,64}/xen: Remove "EXPERIMENTAL" in the description of the Xen options xen-scsifront: don't deadlock if the ring becomes full x86: remove the Xen-specific _PAGE_IOMAP PTE flag x86/xen: do not use _PAGE_IOMAP PTE flag for I/O mappings x86: skip check for spurious faults for non-present faults xen/efi: Directly include needed headers xen-scsiback: clean up a type issue in scsiback_make_tpg() xen-scsifront: use GFP_ATOMIC under spin_lock MAINTAINERS: Add xen pvscsi maintainer xen-scsiback: Add Xen PV SCSI backend driver xen-scsifront: Add Xen PV SCSI frontend driver xen: Add Xen pvSCSI protocol description xen/events: support threaded irqs for interdomain event channels ...
2014-10-09switch /dev/zero and /dev/full to ->read_iter()Al Viro1-43/+13
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2014-10-08Merge tag 'char-misc-3.18-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2-1/+13
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char/misc driver updates from Greg KH: "Here's the big set of driver patches for char/misc drivers. Nothing major in here, the shortlog goes into the details. All have been in the linux-next tree for a while with no issues" * tag 'char-misc-3.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (80 commits) mei: mei_txe_fw_sts can be static mei: fix kernel-doc warnings mei: fix KDoc documentation formatting mei: drop me_client_presentation_num mei: trivial: fix errors in prints in comments mei: remove include to pci header from mei module files mei: push pci cfg structure me hw mei: remove the reference to pdev from mei_device mei: move fw_status back to hw ops handlers mei: get rid of most of the pci dependencies in mei mei: push all standard settings into mei_device_init mei: move mei_hbm_hdr function from hbm.h the hbm.c mei: kill error message for allocation failure mei: nfc: fix style warning mei: fix style warning: Missing a blank line after declarations mei: pg: fix cat and paste error in comments mei: debugfs: add single buffer indicator mei: debugfs: adjust print buffer mei: add hbm and pg state in devstate debugfs print Drivers: hv: vmbus: Enable interrupt driven flow control ...
2014-10-08Merge tag 'staging-3.18-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds8-0/+2721
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging Pull staging updates from Greg KH: "Here is the big staging patch set for 3.18-rc1. Once again, we are deleting more code than we added, with something like 150000 lines deleted overall. Some of this is due to drivers being added to the networking tree, so the old versions are removed here, but even then, the overall difference is quite good. Other than driver deletions, lots and lots and lots of minor cleanups all over the place. Full details are in the changelog" * tag 'staging-3.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging: (1481 commits) staging: et131x: Remove et131x driver from drivers/staging staging: emxx_udc: Use min_t instead of min staging: emxx_udc: Fix replace printk(KERN_DEBUG ..) with dev_dbg staging: media: Fixed else after return or break warning staging: media: omap4iss: Fixed else after return or break warning staging: rtl8712: Fixed else not required after return staging: rtl8712: Fix missing blank line warning staging: rtl8192e: rtl8192e: Remove spaces before the semicolons staging: rtl8192e: rtl8192e: Remove unnecessary return statements staging: rtl8192e: Remove unneeded void return staging: rtl8192e: Fix void function return statements style staging: rtl8712: Fix unnecessary parentheses style warning staging: rtl8192e: Fix unnecessary space before function pointer arguments staging: rtl8192e: Array was made static const char * const staging: ft1000: ft1000-usb: Removed unnecessary else statement. staging: ft1000: ft1000-usb: Removed unnecessary else statement. staging: ft1000: ft1000-usb: Removed unnecessary parentheses. staging: ft1000: ft1000-usb: Added new line after declarations. staging: vt6655: Fixed C99 // comment errors in wpactl.c staging: speakup: Fixed warning <linux/serial.h> instead of <asm/serial.h> ...
2014-10-08Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6Linus Torvalds9-17/+453
Pull crypto update from Herbert Xu: - add multibuffer infrastructure (single_task_running scheduler helper, OKed by Peter on lkml. - add SHA1 multibuffer implementation for AVX2. - reenable "by8" AVX CTR optimisation after fixing counter overflow. - add APM X-Gene SoC RNG support. - SHA256/SHA512 now handles unaligned input correctly. - set lz4 decompressed length correctly. - fix algif socket buffer allocation failure for 64K page machines. - misc fixes * git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6: (47 commits) crypto: sha - Handle unaligned input data in generic sha256 and sha512. Revert "crypto: aesni - disable "by8" AVX CTR optimization" crypto: aesni - remove unused defines in "by8" variant crypto: aesni - fix counter overflow handling in "by8" variant hwrng: printk replacement crypto: qat - Removed unneeded partial state crypto: qat - Fix typo in name of tasklet_struct crypto: caam - Dynamic allocation of addresses for various memory blocks in CAAM. crypto: mcryptd - Fix typos in CRYPTO_MCRYPTD description crypto: algif - avoid excessive use of socket buffer in skcipher arm64: dts: add random number generator dts node to APM X-Gene platform. Documentation: rng: Add X-Gene SoC RNG driver documentation hwrng: xgene - add support for APM X-Gene SoC RNG support crypto: mv_cesa - Add missing #define crypto: testmgr - add test for lz4 and lz4hc crypto: lz4,lz4hc - fix decompression crypto: qat - Use pci_enable_msix_exact() instead of pci_enable_msix() crypto: drbg - fix maximum value checks on 32 bit systems crypto: drbg - fix sparse warning for cpu_to_be[32|64] crypto: sha-mb - sha1_mb_alg_state can be static ...
2014-10-08Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmetcalf/linux-tileLinus Torvalds1-1/+12
Pull arch/tile updates from Chris Metcalf: "The only substantive pieces in this batch are some more vDSO support, and removing the reference to &platform_bus in tile-srom.c. The rest are minor issues reported to me" * git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmetcalf/linux-tile: tile: add clock_gettime support to vDSO tile: switch to using seqlocks for the vDSO time code tile gxio: use better string copy primitive char: tile-srom: Add real platform bus parent Removed repeated word in comments tilegx: Enable ARCH_SUPPORTS_ATOMIC_RMW tile: Remove tile-specific _sinitdata and _einitdata tile: use ARRAY_SIZE
2014-10-07ipmi: Clear drvdata when interface is removedTakao Indoh1-0/+3
This patch fixes a bug on hotmod removing. After ipmi interface is removed using hotmod, kernel panic occurs when rmmod impi_si. For example, try this: # echo "remove,"`cat /proc/ipmi/0/params` > \ /sys/module/ipmi_si/parameters/hotmod # rmmod ipmi_si Then, rmmod fails with the following messages. ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 12 PID: 10819 at /mnt/repos/linux/lib/list_debug.c:53 __list_del_entry+0x63/0xd0() CPU: 12 PID: 10819 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 3.17.0-rc1 #19 Hardware name: FUJITSU-SV PRIMERGY BX920 S2/D3030, BIOS 080015 Rev.3D81.3030 02/10/2012 Call Trace: dump_stack+0x45/0x56 warn_slowpath_common+0x7d/0xa0 warn_slowpath_fmt+0x4c/0x50 __list_del_entry+0x63/0xd0 list_del+0xd/0x30 cleanup_one_si+0x2a/0x230 [ipmi_si] ipmi_pnp_remove+0x15/0x20 [ipmi_si] pnp_device_remove+0x24/0x40 __device_release_driver+0x7f/0xf0 driver_detach+0xb0/0xc0 bus_remove_driver+0x55/0xd0 driver_unregister+0x2c/0x50 pnp_unregister_driver+0x12/0x20 cleanup_ipmi_si+0xbc/0xf0 [ipmi_si] SyS_delete_module+0x132/0x1c0 system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b ---[ end trace 70b4377268f85c23 ]--- list_del in cleanup_one_si() fails because the smi_info is already removed when hotmod removing. When ipmi interface is removed by hotmod, smi_info is removed by cleanup_one_si(), but is is still set in drvdata. Therefore when rmmod ipmi_si, ipmi_pnp_remove tries to remove it again and fails. By this patch, a pointer to smi_info in drvdata is cleared when hotmod removing so that it will be not accessed when rmmod. changelog: v2: - Clear drvdata in cleanup_one_si - Change subject v1: https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/9/8/741 Signed-off-by: Takao Indoh <indou.takao@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-07ipmi: work around gcc-4.9 build warningArnd Bergmann1-3/+3
Building ipmi on arm with gcc-4.9 results in this warning for an allmodconfig build: drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c: In function 'ipmi_thread': include/linux/time.h:28:5: warning: 'busy_until.tv_sec' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized] if (lhs->tv_sec > rhs->tv_sec) ^ drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:1007:18: note: 'busy_until.tv_sec' was declared here struct timespec busy_until; ^ The warning is bogus and this case can not occur. Apparently this is a false positive resulting from gcc getting a little smarter about tracking assignments but not smart enough. Marking the ipmi_thread_busy_wait function as inline gives the gcc optimization logic enough information to figure out for itself that the case cannot happen, which gets rid of the warning without adding any fake initialization. Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-07ipmi/of: Don't use unavailable interfacesBenjamin Herrenschmidt1-0/+3
If an IPMI controller is used by the firmware and as such marked with a reserved status, we shouldn't use it. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-07ipmi: Clean up the error handling for channel config errorsCorey Minyard1-6/+9
The code to send the channel config errors was missing an error report in one place and needed some more information in another, and had an extraneous bit of code. Clean all that up. Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-10-06xen: remove DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER() macroDavid Vrabel1-6/+7
The DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER() macro looks a bit weird and causes sparse errors. Replace the uses with standard structure definitions instead. This is similar to pci and usb device registration. Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
2014-10-02char: tile-srom: Add real platform bus parentPawel Moll1-1/+12
Add a real platform bus device as a parent for the srom class devices, to prevent non-platform devices hanging from the bus root. Signed-off-by: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
2014-10-02hwrng: printk replacementSudip Mukherjee6-17/+16
as pr_* macros are more preffered over printk, so printk replaced with corresponding pr_* macros Signed-off-by: Sudip Mukherjee <sudip@vectorindia.org> Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
2014-09-23xillybus: Move out of stagingEli Billauer8-0/+2721
This driver has been functional and stable throughout the year it has spent in the staging area. It has been patched for minor bugs, coding style issues and improvements during this period. This is the second submission of this move-out, after making several style improvements, as suggested by Dan Carpenter. Signed-off-by: Eli Billauer <eli.billauer@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2014-09-23i8k: Add support for Dell Latitude E6540Steven Honeyman1-0/+13
Add support for the Dell Latitude E6540 which needs a different fan speed multiplier. Signed-off-by: Steven Honeyman <stevenhoneyman@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2014-09-23char: xilinx_hwicap: Remove .owner field for driverMichal Simek1-1/+0
There is no need to init .owner field. Based on the patch from Peter Griffin <peter.griffin@linaro.org> "mmc: remove .owner field for drivers using module_platform_driver" This patch removes the superflous .owner field for drivers which use the module_platform_driver API, as this is overriden in platform_driver_register anyway." Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <michal.simek@xilinx.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2014-09-11virtio-rng: skip reading when we start to remove the deviceAmos Kong1-0/+5
Before we really unregister the hwrng device, reading will get stuck if the virtio device is reset. We should return error for reading when we start to remove the device. Signed-off-by: Amos Kong <akong@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2014-09-11virtio-rng: fix stuck of hot-unplugging busy deviceAmos Kong1-0/+2
When we try to hot-remove a busy virtio-rng device from QEMU monitor, the device can't be hot-removed. Because virtio-rng driver hangs at wait_for_completion_killable(). This patch exits the waiting by completing have_data completion before unregistering, resets data_avail to avoid the hwrng core use wrong buffer bytes. Signed-off-by: Amos Kong <akong@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2014-08-29hwrng: xgene - add support for APM X-Gene SoC RNG supportFeng Kan3-0/+437
This adds the APM X-Gene SoC RNG support. Signed-off-by: Feng Kan <fkan@apm.com> Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
2014-08-26drivers/char/random: Replace __get_cpu_var usesChristoph Lameter1-1/+1
A single case of using __get_cpu_var for address calculation. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2014-08-15virtio: rng: add derating factor for use by hwrng coreAmit Shah1-0/+1
The khwrngd thread is started when a hwrng device of sufficient quality is registered. The virtio-rng device is backed by the hypervisor, and we trust the hypervisor to provide real entropy. A malicious or badly-implemented hypervisor is a scenario that's irrelevant -- such a setup is bound to cause all sorts of badness, and a compromised hwrng is the least of the user's worries. Given this, we might as well assume that the quality of randomness we receive is perfectly trustworthy. Hence, we use 100% for the factor, indicating maximum confidence in the source. Signed-off-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Amos Kong <akong@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2014-08-10Merge tag 'virtio-next-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds3-32/+19
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux Pull virtio updates from Rusty Russell. * tag 'virtio-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux: Revert "hwrng: virtio - ensure reads happen after successful probe" virtio: rng: delay hwrng_register() till driver is ready virtio: rng: re-arrange struct elements for better packing virtio: rng: remove unused struct element virtio: Replace DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE macro use virtio: console: remove unnecessary null test before debugfs_remove_recursive
2014-08-07Merge branch 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linuxLinus Torvalds1-15/+0
Pull DRM updates from Dave Airlie: "Like all good pull reqs this ends with a revert, so it must mean we tested it, [ Ed. That's _one_ way of looking at it ] This pull is missing nouveau, Ben has been stuck trying to track down a very longstanding bug that revealed itself due to some other changes. I've asked him to send you a direct pull request for nouveau once he cleans things up. I'm away until Monday so don't want to delay things, you can make a decision on that when he sends it, I have my phone so I can ack things just not really merge much. It has one trivial conflict with your tree in armada_drv.c, and also the pull request contains some component changes that are already in your tree, the base tree from Russell went via Greg's tree already, but some stuff still shows up in here that doesn't when I merge my tree into yours. Otherwise all pretty standard graphics fare, one new driver and changes all over the place. New drivers: - sti kms driver for STMicroelectronics chipsets stih416 and stih407. core: - lots of cleanups to the drm core - DP MST helper code merged - universal cursor planes. - render nodes enabled by default panel: - better panel interfaces - new panel support - non-continuous cock advertising ability ttm: - shrinker fixes i915: - hopefully ditched UMS support - runtime pm fixes - psr tracking and locking - now enabled by default - userptr fixes - backlight brightness fixes - MST support merged - runtime PM for dpms - primary planes locking fixes - gen8 hw semaphore support - fbc fixes - runtime PM on SOix sleep state hw. - mmio base page flipping - lots of vlv/chv fixes. - universal cursor planes radeon: - Hawaii fixes - display scalar support for non-fixed mode displays - new firmware format support - dpm on more asics by default - GPUVM improvements - uncached and wc GTT buffers - BOs > visible VRAM exynos: - i80 interface support - module auto-loading - ipp driver consolidated. armada: - irq handling in crtc layer only - crtc renumbering - add component support - DT interaction changes. tegra: - load as module fixes - eDP bpp and sync polarity fixed - DSI non-continuous clock mode support - better support for importing buffers from nouveau msm: - mdp5/adq8084 v1.3 hw enablement - devicetree clk changse - ifc6410 board working tda998x: - component support - DT documentation update vmwgfx: - fix compat shader namespace" * 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux: (551 commits) Revert "drm: drop redundant drm_file->is_master" drm/panel: simple: Use devm_gpiod_get_optional() drm/dsi: Replace upcasting macro by function drm/panel: ld9040: Replace upcasting macro by function drm/exynos: dp: Modify driver to support drm_panel drm/exynos: Move DP setup into commit() drm/panel: simple: Add AUO B133HTN01 panel support drm/panel: simple: Support delays in panel functions drm/panel: simple: Add proper definition for prepare and unprepare drm/panel: s6e8aa0: Add proper definition for prepare and unprepare drm/panel: ld9040: Add proper definition for prepare and unprepare drm/tegra: Add support for panel prepare and unprepare routines drm/exynos: dsi: Add support for panel prepare and unprepare routines drm/exynos: dpi: Add support for panel prepare and unprepare routines drm/panel: simple: Add dummy prepare and unprepare routines drm/panel: s6e8aa0: Add dummy prepare and unprepare routines drm/panel: ld9040: Add dummy prepare and unprepare routines drm/panel: Provide convenience wrapper for .get_modes() drm/panel: add .prepare() and .unprepare() functions drm/panel: simple: Remove simple-panel compatible ...
2014-08-06Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds2-130/+252
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random Pull randomness updates from Ted Ts'o: "Cleanups and bug fixes to /dev/random, add a new getrandom(2) system call, which is a superset of OpenBSD's getentropy(2) call, for use with userspace crypto libraries such as LibreSSL. Also add the ability to have a kernel thread to pull entropy from hardware rng devices into /dev/random" * tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random: hwrng: Pass entropy to add_hwgenerator_randomness() in bits, not bytes random: limit the contribution of the hw rng to at most half random: introduce getrandom(2) system call hw_random: fix sparse warning (NULL vs 0 for pointer) random: use registers from interrupted code for CPU's w/o a cycle counter hwrng: add per-device entropy derating hwrng: create filler thread random: add_hwgenerator_randomness() for feeding entropy from devices random: use an improved fast_mix() function random: clean up interrupt entropy accounting for archs w/o cycle counters random: only update the last_pulled time if we actually transferred entropy random: remove unneeded hash of a portion of the entropy pool random: always update the entropy pool under the spinlock
2014-08-06Merge branch 'next' of ↵Linus Torvalds4-28/+81
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security Pull security subsystem updates from James Morris: "In this release: - PKCS#7 parser for the key management subsystem from David Howells - appoint Kees Cook as seccomp maintainer - bugfixes and general maintenance across the subsystem" * 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (94 commits) X.509: Need to export x509_request_asymmetric_key() netlabel: shorter names for the NetLabel catmap funcs/structs netlabel: fix the catmap walking functions netlabel: fix the horribly broken catmap functions netlabel: fix a problem when setting bits below the previously lowest bit PKCS#7: X.509 certificate issuer and subject are mandatory fields in the ASN.1 tpm: simplify code by using %*phN specifier tpm: Provide a generic means to override the chip returned timeouts tpm: missing tpm_chip_put in tpm_get_random() tpm: Properly clean sysfs entries in error path tpm: Add missing tpm_do_selftest to ST33 I2C driver PKCS#7: Use x509_request_asymmetric_key() Revert "selinux: fix the default socket labeling in sock_graft()" X.509: x509_request_asymmetric_keys() doesn't need string length arguments PKCS#7: fix sparse non static symbol warning KEYS: revert encrypted key change ima: add support for measuring and appraising firmware firmware_class: perform new LSM checks security: introduce kernel_fw_from_file hook PKCS#7: Missing inclusion of linux/err.h ...
2014-08-05Merge branch 'timers-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-28/+5
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull timer and time updates from Thomas Gleixner: "A rather large update of timers, timekeeping & co - Core timekeeping code is year-2038 safe now for 32bit machines. Now we just need to fix all in kernel users and the gazillion of user space interfaces which rely on timespec/timeval :) - Better cache layout for the timekeeping internal data structures. - Proper nanosecond based interfaces for in kernel users. - Tree wide cleanup of code which wants nanoseconds but does hoops and loops to convert back and forth from timespecs. Some of it definitely belongs into the ugly code museum. - Consolidation of the timekeeping interface zoo. - A fast NMI safe accessor to clock monotonic for tracing. This is a long standing request to support correlated user/kernel space traces. With proper NTP frequency correction it's also suitable for correlation of traces accross separate machines. - Checkpoint/restart support for timerfd. - A few NOHZ[_FULL] improvements in the [hr]timer code. - Code move from kernel to kernel/time of all time* related code. - New clocksource/event drivers from the ARM universe. I'm really impressed that despite an architected timer in the newer chips SoC manufacturers insist on inventing new and differently broken SoC specific timers. [ Ed. "Impressed"? I don't think that word means what you think it means ] - Another round of code move from arch to drivers. Looks like most of the legacy mess in ARM regarding timers is sorted out except for a few obnoxious strongholds. - The usual updates and fixlets all over the place" * 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (114 commits) timekeeping: Fixup typo in update_vsyscall_old definition clocksource: document some basic timekeeping concepts timekeeping: Use cached ntp_tick_length when accumulating error timekeeping: Rework frequency adjustments to work better w/ nohz timekeeping: Minor fixup for timespec64->timespec assignment ftrace: Provide trace clocks monotonic timekeeping: Provide fast and NMI safe access to CLOCK_MONOTONIC seqcount: Add raw_write_seqcount_latch() seqcount: Provide raw_read_seqcount() timekeeping: Use tk_read_base as argument for timekeeping_get_ns() timekeeping: Create struct tk_read_base and use it in struct timekeeper timekeeping: Restructure the timekeeper some more clocksource: Get rid of cycle_last clocksource: Move cycle_last validation to core code clocksource: Make delta calculation a function wireless: ath9k: Get rid of timespec conversions drm: vmwgfx: Use nsec based interfaces drm: i915: Use nsec based interfaces timekeeping: Provide ktime_get_raw() hangcheck-timer: Use ktime_get_ns() ...
2014-08-05hwrng: Pass entropy to add_hwgenerator_randomness() in bits, not bytesStephen Boyd1-1/+1
rng_get_data() returns the number of bytes read from the hardware. The entropy argument to add_hwgenerator_randomness() is passed directly to credit_entropy_bits() so we should be passing the number of bits, not bytes here. Fixes: be4000bc464 "hwrng: create filler thread" Acked-by: Torsten Duwe <duwe@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org> Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2014-08-05random: limit the contribution of the hw rng to at most halfTheodore Ts'o1-39/+4
For people who don't trust a hardware RNG which can not be audited, the changes to add support for RDSEED can be troubling since 97% or more of the entropy will be contributed from the in-CPU hardware RNG. We now have a in-kernel khwrngd, so for those people who do want to implicitly trust the CPU-based system, we could create an arch-rng hw_random driver, and allow khwrng refill the entropy pool. This allows system administrator whether or not they trust the CPU (I assume the NSA will trust RDRAND/RDSEED implicitly :-), and if so, what level of entropy derating they want to use. The reason why this is a really good idea is that if different people use different levels of entropy derating, it will make it much more difficult to design a backdoor'ed hwrng that can be generally exploited in terms of the output of /dev/random when different attack targets are using differing levels of entropy derating. Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2014-08-05random: introduce getrandom(2) system callTheodore Ts'o1-3/+37
The getrandom(2) system call was requested by the LibreSSL Portable developers. It is analoguous to the getentropy(2) system call in OpenBSD. The rationale of this system call is to provide resiliance against file descriptor exhaustion attacks, where the attacker consumes all available file descriptors, forcing the use of the fallback code where /dev/[u]random is not available. Since the fallback code is often not well-tested, it is better to eliminate this potential failure mode entirely. The other feature provided by this new system call is the ability to request randomness from the /dev/urandom entropy pool, but to block until at least 128 bits of entropy has been accumulated in the /dev/urandom entropy pool. Historically, the emphasis in the /dev/urandom development has been to ensure that urandom pool is initialized as quickly as possible after system boot, and preferably before the init scripts start execution. This is because changing /dev/urandom reads to block represents an interface change that could potentially break userspace which is not acceptable. In practice, on most x86 desktop and server systems, in general the entropy pool can be initialized before it is needed (and in modern kernels, we will printk a warning message if not). However, on an embedded system, this may not be the case. And so with this new interface, we can provide the functionality of blocking until the urandom pool has been initialized. Any userspace program which uses this new functionality must take care to assure that if it is used during the boot process, that it will not cause the init scripts or other portions of the system startup to hang indefinitely. SYNOPSIS #include <linux/random.h> int getrandom(void *buf, size_t buflen, unsigned int flags); DESCRIPTION The system call getrandom() fills the buffer pointed to by buf with up to buflen random bytes which can be used to seed user space random number generators (i.e., DRBG's) or for other cryptographic uses. It should not be used for Monte Carlo simulations or other programs/algorithms which are doing probabilistic sampling. If the GRND_RANDOM flags bit is set, then draw from the /dev/random pool instead of the /dev/urandom pool. The /dev/random pool is limited based on the entropy that can be obtained from environmental noise, so if there is insufficient entropy, the requested number of bytes may not be returned. If there is no entropy available at all, getrandom(2) will either block, or return an error with errno set to EAGAIN if the GRND_NONBLOCK bit is set in flags. If the GRND_RANDOM bit is not set, then the /dev/urandom pool will be used. Unlike using read(2) to fetch data from /dev/urandom, if the urandom pool has not been sufficiently initialized, getrandom(2) will block (or return -1 with the errno set to EAGAIN if the GRND_NONBLOCK bit is set in flags). The getentropy(2) system call in OpenBSD can be emulated using the following function: int getentropy(void *buf, size_t buflen) { int ret; if (buflen > 256) goto failure; ret = getrandom(buf, buflen, 0); if (ret < 0) return ret; if (ret == buflen) return 0; failure: errno = EIO; return -1; } RETURN VALUE On success, the number of bytes that was filled in the buf is returned. This may not be all the bytes requested by the caller via buflen if insufficient entropy was present in the /dev/random pool, or if the system call was interrupted by a signal. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately. ERRORS EINVAL An invalid flag was passed to getrandom(2) EFAULT buf is outside the accessible address space. EAGAIN The requested entropy was not available, and getentropy(2) would have blocked if the GRND_NONBLOCK flag was not set. EINTR While blocked waiting for entropy, the call was interrupted by a signal handler; see the description of how interrupted read(2) calls on "slow" devices are handled with and without the SA_RESTART flag in the signal(7) man page. NOTES For small requests (buflen <= 256) getrandom(2) will not return EINTR when reading from the urandom pool once the entropy pool has been initialized, and it will return all of the bytes that have been requested. This is the recommended way to use getrandom(2), and is designed for compatibility with OpenBSD's getentropy() system call. However, if you are using GRND_RANDOM, then getrandom(2) may block until the entropy accounting determines that sufficient environmental noise has been gathered such that getrandom(2) will be operating as a NRBG instead of a DRBG for those people who are working in the NIST SP 800-90 regime. Since it may block for a long time, these guarantees do *not* apply. The user may want to interrupt a hanging process using a signal, so blocking until all of the requested bytes are returned would be unfriendly. For this reason, the user of getrandom(2) MUST always check the return value, in case it returns some error, or if fewer bytes than requested was returned. In the case of !GRND_RANDOM and small request, the latter should never happen, but the careful userspace code (and all crypto code should be careful) should check for this anyway! Finally, unless you are doing long-term key generation (and perhaps not even then), you probably shouldn't be using GRND_RANDOM. The cryptographic algorithms used for /dev/urandom are quite conservative, and so should be sufficient for all purposes. The disadvantage of GRND_RANDOM is that it can block, and the increased complexity required to deal with partially fulfilled getrandom(2) requests. Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Reviewed-by: Zach Brown <zab@zabbo.net>
2014-08-04Merge tag 'tty-3.17-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-3/+1
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty Pull tty / serial driver update from Greg KH: "Here's the big tty / serial driver update for 3.17-rc1. Nothing major, just a number of fixes and new features for different serial drivers, and some more tty core fixes and documentation of the tty locks. All of these have been in linux-next for a while" * tag 'tty-3.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: (82 commits) tty/n_gsm.c: fix a memory leak in gsmld_open pch_uart: don't hardcode PCI slot to get DMA device tty: n_gsm, use setup_timer Revert "ARC: [arcfpga] stdout-path now suffices for earlycon/console" serial: sc16is7xx: Correct initialization of s->clk serial: 8250_dw: Add support for deferred probing serial: 8250_dw: Add optional reset control support serial: st-asc: Fix overflow in baudrate calculation serial: st-asc: Don't call BUG in asc_console_setup() tty: serial: msm: Make of_device_id array const tty/n_gsm.c: get gsm->num after gsm_activate_mux serial/core: Fix too big allocation for attribute member drivers/tty/serial: use correct type for dma_map/unmap serial: altera_jtaguart: Fix putchar function passed to uart_console_write() serial/uart/8250: Add tunable RX interrupt trigger I/F of FIFO buffers Serial: allow port drivers to have a default attribute group tty: kgdb_nmi: Automatically manage tty enable serial: altera_jtaguart: Adpot uart_console_write() serial: samsung: improve code clarity by defining a variable serial: samsung: correct the case and default order in switch ...
2014-08-04Merge tag 'char-misc-3.17-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds4-43/+85
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char / misc driver patches from Greg KH: "Here's the big driver misc / char pull request for 3.17-rc1. Lots of things in here, the thunderbolt support for Apple laptops, some other new drivers, testing fixes, and other good things. All have been in linux-next for a long time" * tag 'char-misc-3.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (119 commits) misc: bh1780: Introduce the use of devm_kzalloc Lattice ECP3 FPGA: Correct endianness drivers/misc/ti-st: Load firmware from ti-connectivity directory. dt-bindings: extcon: Add support for SM5502 MUIC device extcon: sm5502: Change internal hardware switch according to cable type extcon: sm5502: Detect cable state after completing platform booting extcon: sm5502: Add support new SM5502 extcon device driver extcon: arizona: Get MICVDD against extcon device extcon: Remove unnecessary OOM messages misc: vexpress: Fix sparse non static symbol warnings mei: drop unused hw dependent fw status functions misc: bh1770glc: Use managed functions pcmcia: remove DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE usage misc: remove DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE usage ipack: Replace DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE macro use drivers/char/dsp56k.c: drop check for negativity of unsigned parameter mei: fix return value on disconnect timeout mei: don't schedule suspend in pm idle mei: start disconnect request timer consistently mei: reset client connection state on timeout ...
2014-08-05Merge tag 'v3.16' into drm-nextDave Airlie4-12/+66
Linux 3.16 backmerge requested by i915, nouveau and radeon authors Conflicts: drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_render_state.c drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h
2014-08-02agp: remove read/write stubsMathias Krause1-15/+0
The VFS layer handles those in the very same way, if unset. No need for additional stubs. Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
2014-07-29tpm: simplify code by using %*phN specifierAndy Shevchenko1-3/+1
Instead of looping by ourselves we may use %*phN specifier to dump a small buffer. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com> [ PHuewe: removed now unused variable i ] Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
2014-07-29tpm: Provide a generic means to override the chip returned timeoutsJason Gunthorpe2-21/+72
Some Atmel TPMs provide completely wrong timeouts from their TPM_CAP_PROP_TIS_TIMEOUT query. This patch detects that and returns new correct values via a DID/VID table in the TIS driver. Tested on ARM using an AT97SC3204T FW version 37.16 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [PHuewe: without this fix these 'broken' Atmel TPMs won't function on older kernels] Signed-off-by: "Berg, Christopher" <Christopher.Berg@atmel.com> Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
2014-07-29tpm: missing tpm_chip_put in tpm_get_random()Jarkko Sakkinen1-3/+4
Regression in 41ab999c. Call to tpm_chip_put is missing. This will cause TPM device driver not to unload if tmp_get_random() is called. Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.7+ Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
2014-07-29tpm: Properly clean sysfs entries in error pathStefan Berger1-1/+3
Properly clean the sysfs entries in the error path Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Reported-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
2014-07-29tpm: Add missing tpm_do_selftest to ST33 I2C driverJason Gunthorpe1-0/+1
Most device drivers do call 'tpm_do_selftest' which executes a TPM_ContinueSelfTest. tpm_i2c_stm_st33 is just pointlessly different, I think it is bug. These days we have the general assumption that the TPM is usable by the kernel immediately after the driver is finished, so we can no longer defer the mandatory self test to userspace. Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.12+ Reported-by: Richard Marciel <rmaciel@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
2014-07-27Revert "hwrng: virtio - ensure reads happen after successful probe"Amit Shah2-15/+0
This reverts commit e052dbf554610e2104c5a7518c4d8374bed701bb. Now that we use the virtio ->scan() function to register with the hwrng core, we will not get read requests till probe is successfully finished. So revert the workaround we had in place to refuse read requests while we were not yet setup completely. Signed-off-by: Amit Shah <amit.shah@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>