tools: bpftool: make it easier to feed hex bytes to bpftool

bpftool uses hexadecimal values when it dumps map contents:

    # bpftool map dump id 1337
    key: ff 13 37 ff  value: a1 b2 c3 d4 ff ff ff ff
    Found 1 element

In order to lookup or update values with bpftool, the natural reflex is
then to copy and paste the values to the command line, and to try to run
something like:

    # bpftool map update id 1337 key ff 13 37 ff \
            value 00 00 00 00 00 00 1a 2b
    Error: error parsing byte: ff

bpftool complains, because it uses strtoul() with a 0 base to parse the
bytes, and that without a "0x" prefix, the bytes are considered as
decimal values (or even octal if they start with "0").

To feed hexadecimal values instead, one needs to add "0x" prefixes
everywhere necessary:

    # bpftool map update id 1337 key 0xff 0x13 0x37 0xff \
            value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0x1a 0x2b

To make it easier to use hexadecimal values, add an optional "hex"
keyword to put after "key" or "value" to tell bpftool to consider the
digits as hexadecimal. We can now do:

    # bpftool map update id 1337 key hex ff 13 37 ff \
            value hex 0 0 0 0 0 0 1a 2b

Without the "hex" keyword, the bytes are still parsed according to
normal integer notation (decimal if no prefix, or hexadecimal or octal
if "0x" or "0" prefix is used, respectively).

The patch also add related documentation and bash completion for the
"hex" keyword.

Suggested-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Suggested-by: David Beckett <david.beckett@netronome.com>
Signed-off-by: Quentin Monnet <quentin.monnet@netronome.com>
Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>

1 files changed, 11 insertions, 6 deletions

diff --git a/tools/bpf/bpftool/map.c b/tools/bpf/bpftool/map.c
index f509c86faede..a6cdb640a0d7 100644
--- a/tools/bpf/bpftool/map.c
+++ b/tools/bpf/bpftool/map.c
@@ -283,11 +283,16 @@ static void print_entry_plain(struct bpf_map_info *info, unsigned char *key,
 static char **parse_bytes(char **argv, const char *name, unsigned char *val,
 			  unsigned int n)
 {
-	unsigned int i = 0;
+	unsigned int i = 0, base = 0;
 	char *endptr;
 
+	if (is_prefix(*argv, "hex")) {
+		base = 16;
+		argv++;
+	}
+
 	while (i < n && argv[i]) {
-		val[i] = strtoul(argv[i], &endptr, 0);
+		val[i] = strtoul(argv[i], &endptr, base);
 		if (*endptr) {
 			p_err("error parsing byte: %s", argv[i]);
 			return NULL;
@@ -869,10 +874,10 @@ static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
 	fprintf(stderr,
 		"Usage: %s %s { show | list }   [MAP]\n"
 		"       %s %s dump    MAP\n"
-		"       %s %s update  MAP  key BYTES value VALUE [UPDATE_FLAGS]\n"
-		"       %s %s lookup  MAP  key BYTES\n"
-		"       %s %s getnext MAP [key BYTES]\n"
-		"       %s %s delete  MAP  key BYTES\n"
+		"       %s %s update  MAP  key [hex] BYTES value [hex] VALUE [UPDATE_FLAGS]\n"
+		"       %s %s lookup  MAP  key [hex] BYTES\n"
+		"       %s %s getnext MAP [key [hex] BYTES]\n"
+		"       %s %s delete  MAP  key [hex] BYTES\n"
 		"       %s %s pin     MAP  FILE\n"
 		"       %s %s help\n"
 		"\n"