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Patch series "Introduce mseal", v10.
This patchset proposes a new mseal() syscall for the Linux kernel.
In a nutshell, mseal() protects the VMAs of a given virtual memory range
against modifications, such as changes to their permission bits.
Modern CPUs support memory permissions, such as the read/write (RW) and
no-execute (NX) bits. Linux has supported NX since the release of kernel
version 2.6.8 in August 2004 [1]. The memory permission feature improves
the security stance on memory corruption bugs, as an attacker cannot
simply write to arbitrary memory and point the code to it. The memory
must be marked with the X bit, or else an exception will occur.
Internally, the kernel maintains the memory permissions in a data
structure called VMA (vm_area_struct). mseal() additionally protects the
VMA itself against modifications of the selected seal type.
Memory sealing is useful to mitigate memory corruption issues where a
corrupted pointer is passed to a memory management system. For example,
such an attacker primitive can break control-flow integrity guarantees
since read-only memory that is supposed to be trusted can become writable
or .text pages can get remapped. Memory sealing can automatically be
applied by the runtime loader to seal .text and .rodata pages and
applications can additionally seal security critical data at runtime. A
similar feature already exists in the XNU kernel with the
VM_FLAGS_PERMANENT [3] flag and on OpenBSD with the mimmutable syscall
[4]. Also, Chrome wants to adopt this feature for their CFI work [2] and
this patchset has been designed to be compatible with the Chrome use case.
Two system calls are involved in sealing the map: mmap() and mseal().
The new mseal() is an syscall on 64 bit CPU, and with following signature:
int mseal(void addr, size_t len, unsigned long flags)
addr/len: memory range.
flags: reserved.
mseal() blocks following operations for the given memory range.
1> Unmapping, moving to another location, and shrinking the size,
via munmap() and mremap(), can leave an empty space, therefore can
be replaced with a VMA with a new set of attributes.
2> Moving or expanding a different VMA into the current location,
via mremap().
3> Modifying a VMA via mmap(MAP_FIXED).
4> Size expansion, via mremap(), does not appear to pose any specific
risks to sealed VMAs. It is included anyway because the use case is
unclear. In any case, users can rely on merging to expand a sealed VMA.
5> mprotect() and pkey_mprotect().
6> Some destructive madvice() behaviors (e.g. MADV_DONTNEED) for anonymous
memory, when users don't have write permission to the memory. Those
behaviors can alter region contents by discarding pages, effectively a
memset(0) for anonymous memory.
The idea that inspired this patch comes from Stephen Röttger’s work in
V8 CFI [5]. Chrome browser in ChromeOS will be the first user of this
API.
Indeed, the Chrome browser has very specific requirements for sealing,
which are distinct from those of most applications. For example, in the
case of libc, sealing is only applied to read-only (RO) or read-execute
(RX) memory segments (such as .text and .RELRO) to prevent them from
becoming writable, the lifetime of those mappings are tied to the lifetime
of the process.
Chrome wants to seal two large address space reservations that are managed
by different allocators. The memory is mapped RW- and RWX respectively
but write access to it is restricted using pkeys (or in the future ARM
permission overlay extensions). The lifetime of those mappings are not
tied to the lifetime of the process, therefore, while the memory is
sealed, the allocators still need to free or discard the unused memory.
For example, with madvise(DONTNEED).
However, always allowing madvise(DONTNEED) on this range poses a security
risk. For example if a jump instruction crosses a page boundary and the
second page gets discarded, it will overwrite the target bytes with zeros
and change the control flow. Checking write-permission before the discard
operation allows us to control when the operation is valid. In this case,
the madvise will only succeed if the executing thread has PKEY write
permissions and PKRU changes are protected in software by control-flow
integrity.
Although the initial version of this patch series is targeting the Chrome
browser as its first user, it became evident during upstream discussions
that we would also want to ensure that the patch set eventually is a
complete solution for memory sealing and compatible with other use cases.
The specific scenario currently in mind is glibc's use case of loading and
sealing ELF executables. To this end, Stephen is working on a change to
glibc to add sealing support to the dynamic linker, which will seal all
non-writable segments at startup. Once this work is completed, all
applications will be able to automatically benefit from these new
protections.
In closing, I would like to formally acknowledge the valuable
contributions received during the RFC process, which were instrumental in
shaping this patch:
Jann Horn: raising awareness and providing valuable insights on the
destructive madvise operations.
Liam R. Howlett: perf optimization.
Linus Torvalds: assisting in defining system call signature and scope.
Theo de Raadt: sharing the experiences and insight gained from
implementing mimmutable() in OpenBSD.
MM perf benchmarks
==================
This patch adds a loop in the mprotect/munmap/madvise(DONTNEED) to
check the VMAs’ sealing flag, so that no partial update can be made,
when any segment within the given memory range is sealed.
To measure the performance impact of this loop, two tests are developed.
[8]
The first is measuring the time taken for a particular system call,
by using clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC). The second is using
PERF_COUNT_HW_REF_CPU_CYCLES (exclude user space). Both tests have
similar results.
The tests have roughly below sequence:
for (i = 0; i < 1000, i++)
create 1000 mappings (1 page per VMA)
start the sampling
for (j = 0; j < 1000, j++)
mprotect one mapping
stop and save the sample
delete 1000 mappings
calculates all samples.
Below tests are performed on Intel(R) Pentium(R) Gold 7505 @ 2.00GHz,
4G memory, Chromebook.
Based on the latest upstream code:
The first test (measuring time)
syscall__ vmas t t_mseal delta_ns per_vma %
munmap__ 1 909 944 35 35 104%
munmap__ 2 1398 1502 104 52 107%
munmap__ 4 2444 2594 149 37 106%
munmap__ 8 4029 4323 293 37 107%
munmap__ 16 6647 6935 288 18 104%
munmap__ 32 11811 12398 587 18 105%
mprotect 1 439 465 26 26 106%
mprotect 2 1659 1745 86 43 105%
mprotect 4 3747 3889 142 36 104%
mprotect 8 6755 6969 215 27 103%
mprotect 16 13748 14144 396 25 103%
mprotect 32 27827 28969 1142 36 104%
madvise_ 1 240 262 22 22 109%
madvise_ 2 366 442 76 38 121%
madvise_ 4 623 751 128 32 121%
madvise_ 8 1110 1324 215 27 119%
madvise_ 16 2127 2451 324 20 115%
madvise_ 32 4109 4642 534 17 113%
The second test (measuring cpu cycle)
syscall__ vmas cpu cmseal delta_cpu per_vma %
munmap__ 1 1790 1890 100 100 106%
munmap__ 2 2819 3033 214 107 108%
munmap__ 4 4959 5271 312 78 106%
munmap__ 8 8262 8745 483 60 106%
munmap__ 16 13099 14116 1017 64 108%
munmap__ 32 23221 24785 1565 49 107%
mprotect 1 906 967 62 62 107%
mprotect 2 3019 3203 184 92 106%
mprotect 4 6149 6569 420 105 107%
mprotect 8 9978 10524 545 68 105%
mprotect 16 20448 21427 979 61 105%
mprotect 32 40972 42935 1963 61 105%
madvise_ 1 434 497 63 63 115%
madvise_ 2 752 899 147 74 120%
madvise_ 4 1313 1513 200 50 115%
madvise_ 8 2271 2627 356 44 116%
madvise_ 16 4312 4883 571 36 113%
madvise_ 32 8376 9319 943 29 111%
Based on the result, for 6.8 kernel, sealing check adds
20-40 nano seconds, or around 50-100 CPU cycles, per VMA.
In addition, I applied the sealing to 5.10 kernel:
The first test (measuring time)
syscall__ vmas t tmseal delta_ns per_vma %
munmap__ 1 357 390 33 33 109%
munmap__ 2 442 463 21 11 105%
munmap__ 4 614 634 20 5 103%
munmap__ 8 1017 1137 120 15 112%
munmap__ 16 1889 2153 263 16 114%
munmap__ 32 4109 4088 -21 -1 99%
mprotect 1 235 227 -7 -7 97%
mprotect 2 495 464 -30 -15 94%
mprotect 4 741 764 24 6 103%
mprotect 8 1434 1437 2 0 100%
mprotect 16 2958 2991 33 2 101%
mprotect 32 6431 6608 177 6 103%
madvise_ 1 191 208 16 16 109%
madvise_ 2 300 324 24 12 108%
madvise_ 4 450 473 23 6 105%
madvise_ 8 753 806 53 7 107%
madvise_ 16 1467 1592 125 8 108%
madvise_ 32 2795 3405 610 19 122%
The second test (measuring cpu cycle)
syscall__ nbr_vma cpu cmseal delta_cpu per_vma %
munmap__ 1 684 715 31 31 105%
munmap__ 2 861 898 38 19 104%
munmap__ 4 1183 1235 51 13 104%
munmap__ 8 1999 2045 46 6 102%
munmap__ 16 3839 3816 -23 -1 99%
munmap__ 32 7672 7887 216 7 103%
mprotect 1 397 443 46 46 112%
mprotect 2 738 788 50 25 107%
mprotect 4 1221 1256 35 9 103%
mprotect 8 2356 2429 72 9 103%
mprotect 16 4961 4935 -26 -2 99%
mprotect 32 9882 10172 291 9 103%
madvise_ 1 351 380 29 29 108%
madvise_ 2 565 615 49 25 109%
madvise_ 4 872 933 61 15 107%
madvise_ 8 1508 1640 132 16 109%
madvise_ 16 3078 3323 245 15 108%
madvise_ 32 5893 6704 811 25 114%
For 5.10 kernel, sealing check adds 0-15 ns in time, or 10-30
CPU cycles, there is even decrease in some cases.
It might be interesting to compare 5.10 and 6.8 kernel
The first test (measuring time)
syscall__ vmas t_5_10 t_6_8 delta_ns per_vma %
munmap__ 1 357 909 552 552 254%
munmap__ 2 442 1398 956 478 316%
munmap__ 4 614 2444 1830 458 398%
munmap__ 8 1017 4029 3012 377 396%
munmap__ 16 1889 6647 4758 297 352%
munmap__ 32 4109 11811 7702 241 287%
mprotect 1 235 439 204 204 187%
mprotect 2 495 1659 1164 582 335%
mprotect 4 741 3747 3006 752 506%
mprotect 8 1434 6755 5320 665 471%
mprotect 16 2958 13748 10790 674 465%
mprotect 32 6431 27827 21397 669 433%
madvise_ 1 191 240 49 49 125%
madvise_ 2 300 366 67 33 122%
madvise_ 4 450 623 173 43 138%
madvise_ 8 753 1110 357 45 147%
madvise_ 16 1467 2127 660 41 145%
madvise_ 32 2795 4109 1314 41 147%
The second test (measuring cpu cycle)
syscall__ vmas cpu_5_10 c_6_8 delta_cpu per_vma %
munmap__ 1 684 1790 1106 1106 262%
munmap__ 2 861 2819 1958 979 327%
munmap__ 4 1183 4959 3776 944 419%
munmap__ 8 1999 8262 6263 783 413%
munmap__ 16 3839 13099 9260 579 341%
munmap__ 32 7672 23221 15549 486 303%
mprotect 1 397 906 509 509 228%
mprotect 2 738 3019 2281 1140 409%
mprotect 4 1221 6149 4929 1232 504%
mprotect 8 2356 9978 7622 953 423%
mprotect 16 4961 20448 15487 968 412%
mprotect 32 9882 40972 31091 972 415%
madvise_ 1 351 434 82 82 123%
madvise_ 2 565 752 186 93 133%
madvise_ 4 872 1313 442 110 151%
madvise_ 8 1508 2271 763 95 151%
madvise_ 16 3078 4312 1234 77 140%
madvise_ 32 5893 8376 2483 78 142%
From 5.10 to 6.8
munmap: added 250-550 ns in time, or 500-1100 in cpu cycle, per vma.
mprotect: added 200-750 ns in time, or 500-1200 in cpu cycle, per vma.
madvise: added 33-50 ns in time, or 70-110 in cpu cycle, per vma.
In comparison to mseal, which adds 20-40 ns or 50-100 CPU cycles, the
increase from 5.10 to 6.8 is significantly larger, approximately ten times
greater for munmap and mprotect.
When I discuss the mm performance with Brian Makin, an engineer who worked
on performance, it was brought to my attention that such performance
benchmarks, which measuring millions of mm syscall in a tight loop, may
not accurately reflect real-world scenarios, such as that of a database
service. Also this is tested using a single HW and ChromeOS, the data
from another HW or distribution might be different. It might be best to
take this data with a grain of salt.
This patch (of 5):
Wire up mseal syscall for all architectures.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240415163527.626541-1-jeffxu@chromium.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240415163527.626541-2-jeffxu@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Jeff Xu <jeffxu@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> [Bug #2]
Cc: Jeff Xu <jeffxu@google.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Jorge Lucangeli Obes <jorgelo@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Cc: Pedro Falcato <pedro.falcato@gmail.com>
Cc: Stephen Röttger <sroettger@google.com>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Amer Al Shanawany <amer.shanawany@gmail.com>
Cc: Javier Carrasco <javier.carrasco.cruz@gmail.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- Avoid 'constexpr', which is a keyword in C23
- Allow 'dtbs_check' and 'dt_compatible_check' run independently of
'dt_binding_check'
- Fix weak references to avoid GOT entries in position-independent code
generation
- Convert the last use of 'optional' property in arch/sh/Kconfig
- Remove support for the 'optional' property in Kconfig
- Remove support for Clang's ThinLTO caching, which does not work with
the .incbin directive
- Change the semantics of $(src) so it always points to the source
directory, which fixes Makefile inconsistencies between upstream and
downstream
- Fix 'make tar-pkg' for RISC-V to produce a consistent package
- Provide reasonable default coverage for objtool, sanitizers, and
profilers
- Remove redundant OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD, KASAN_SANITIZE, etc.
- Remove the last use of tristate choice in drivers/rapidio/Kconfig
- Various cleanups and fixes in Kconfig
* tag 'kbuild-v6.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (46 commits)
kconfig: use sym_get_choice_menu() in sym_check_prop()
rapidio: remove choice for enumeration
kconfig: lxdialog: remove initialization with A_NORMAL
kconfig: m/nconf: merge two item_add_str() calls
kconfig: m/nconf: remove dead code to display value of bool choice
kconfig: m/nconf: remove dead code to display children of choice members
kconfig: gconf: show checkbox for choice correctly
kbuild: use GCOV_PROFILE and KCSAN_SANITIZE in scripts/Makefile.modfinal
Makefile: remove redundant tool coverage variables
kbuild: provide reasonable defaults for tool coverage
modules: Drop the .export_symbol section from the final modules
kconfig: use menu_list_for_each_sym() in sym_check_choice_deps()
kconfig: use sym_get_choice_menu() in conf_write_defconfig()
kconfig: add sym_get_choice_menu() helper
kconfig: turn defaults and additional prompt for choice members into error
kconfig: turn missing prompt for choice members into error
kconfig: turn conf_choice() into void function
kconfig: use linked list in sym_set_changed()
kconfig: gconf: use MENU_CHANGED instead of SYMBOL_CHANGED
kconfig: gconf: remove debug code
...
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execmem does not depend on modules, on the contrary modules use
execmem.
To make execmem available when CONFIG_MODULES=n, for instance for
kprobes, split execmem_params initialization out from
arch/*/kernel/module.c and compile it when CONFIG_EXECMEM=y
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
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Several architectures override module_alloc() only to define address
range for code allocations different than VMALLOC address space.
Provide a generic implementation in execmem that uses the parameters for
address space ranges, required alignment and page protections provided
by architectures.
The architectures must fill execmem_info structure and implement
execmem_arch_setup() that returns a pointer to that structure. This way the
execmem initialization won't be called from every architecture, but rather
from a central place, namely a core_initcall() in execmem.
The execmem provides execmem_alloc() API that wraps __vmalloc_node_range()
with the parameters defined by the architectures. If an architecture does
not implement execmem_arch_setup(), execmem_alloc() will fall back to
module_alloc().
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
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and MODULE_END to MODULES_END to match other architectures that define
custom address space for modules.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
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Kbuild conventionally uses $(obj)/ for generated files, and $(src)/ for
checked-in source files. It is merely a convention without any functional
difference. In fact, $(obj) and $(src) are exactly the same, as defined
in scripts/Makefile.build:
src := $(obj)
When the kernel is built in a separate output directory, $(src) does
not accurately reflect the source directory location. While Kbuild
resolves this discrepancy by specifying VPATH=$(srctree) to search for
source files, it does not cover all cases. For example, when adding a
header search path for local headers, -I$(srctree)/$(src) is typically
passed to the compiler.
This introduces inconsistency between upstream and downstream Makefiles
because $(src) is used instead of $(srctree)/$(src) for the latter.
To address this inconsistency, this commit changes the semantics of
$(src) so that it always points to the directory in the source tree.
Going forward, the variables used in Makefiles will have the following
meanings:
$(obj) - directory in the object tree
$(src) - directory in the source tree (changed by this commit)
$(objtree) - the top of the kernel object tree
$(srctree) - the top of the kernel source tree
Consequently, $(srctree)/$(src) in upstream Makefiles need to be replaced
with $(src).
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
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thread_info.syscall is used by syscall_get_nr to supply syscall nr
over a thread stack frame.
Previously, thread_info.syscall is only saved at syscall_trace_enter
when syscall tracing is enabled. However rest of the kernel code do
expect syscall_get_nr to be available without syscall tracing. The
previous design breaks collect_syscall.
Move saving process to syscall entry to fix it.
Reported-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site>
Link: https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues/2867
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Pull MIPS updates from Thomas Bogendoerfer:
- added support for Mobileye SoCs
- unified GPR/CP0 regs handling for uasm
- cleanups and fixes
* tag 'mips_6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mips/linux: (56 commits)
mips: cm: Convert __mips_cm_phys_base() to weak function
mips: cm: Convert __mips_cm_l2sync_phys_base() to weak function
mips: dts: ralink: mt7621: add cell count properties to usb
mips: dts: ralink: mt7621: add serial1 and serial2 nodes
mips: dts: ralink: mt7621: reorder serial0 properties
mips: dts: ralink: mt7621: associate uart1_pins with serial0
MIPS: ralink: Don't use "proxy" headers
mips: sibyte: make tb_class constant
mips: mt: make mt_class constant
MIPS: ralink: Remove unused of_gpio.h
bus: bt1-apb: Remove duplicate include
MAINTAINERS: remove entry to non-existing file in MOBILEYE MIPS SOCS
MIPS: mipsregs: Parse fp and sp register by name in parse_r
tty: mips_ejtag_fdc: Fix passing incompatible pointer type warning
mips: zboot: Fix "no previous prototype" build warning
MIPS: mipsregs: Set proper ISA level for virt extensions
MIPS: Implement microMIPS MT ASE helpers
MIPS: Limit MIPS_MT_SMP support by ISA reversion
MIPS: Loongson64: test for -march=loongson3a cflag
MIPS: BMIPS: Drop unnecessary assembler flag
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- Sumanth Korikkar has taught s390 to allocate hotplug-time page frames
from hotplugged memory rather than only from main memory. Series
"implement "memmap on memory" feature on s390".
- More folio conversions from Matthew Wilcox in the series
"Convert memcontrol charge moving to use folios"
"mm: convert mm counter to take a folio"
- Chengming Zhou has optimized zswap's rbtree locking, providing
significant reductions in system time and modest but measurable
reductions in overall runtimes. The series is "mm/zswap: optimize the
scalability of zswap rb-tree".
- Chengming Zhou has also provided the series "mm/zswap: optimize zswap
lru list" which provides measurable runtime benefits in some
swap-intensive situations.
- And Chengming Zhou further optimizes zswap in the series "mm/zswap:
optimize for dynamic zswap_pools". Measured improvements are modest.
- zswap cleanups and simplifications from Yosry Ahmed in the series
"mm: zswap: simplify zswap_swapoff()".
- In the series "Add DAX ABI for memmap_on_memory", Vishal Verma has
contributed several DAX cleanups as well as adding a sysfs tunable to
control the memmap_on_memory setting when the dax device is
hotplugged as system memory.
- Johannes Weiner has added the large series "mm: zswap: cleanups",
which does that.
- More DAMON work from SeongJae Park in the series
"mm/damon: make DAMON debugfs interface deprecation unignorable"
"selftests/damon: add more tests for core functionalities and corner cases"
"Docs/mm/damon: misc readability improvements"
"mm/damon: let DAMOS feeds and tame/auto-tune itself"
- In the series "mm/mempolicy: weighted interleave mempolicy and sysfs
extension" Rakie Kim has developed a new mempolicy interleaving
policy wherein we allocate memory across nodes in a weighted fashion
rather than uniformly. This is beneficial in heterogeneous memory
environments appearing with CXL.
- Christophe Leroy has contributed some cleanup and consolidation work
against the ARM pagetable dumping code in the series "mm: ptdump:
Refactor CONFIG_DEBUG_WX and check_wx_pages debugfs attribute".
- Luis Chamberlain has added some additional xarray selftesting in the
series "test_xarray: advanced API multi-index tests".
- Muhammad Usama Anjum has reworked the selftest code to make its
human-readable output conform to the TAP ("Test Anything Protocol")
format. Amongst other things, this opens up the use of third-party
tools to parse and process out selftesting results.
- Ryan Roberts has added fork()-time PTE batching of THP ptes in the
series "mm/memory: optimize fork() with PTE-mapped THP". Mainly
targeted at arm64, this significantly speeds up fork() when the
process has a large number of pte-mapped folios.
- David Hildenbrand also gets in on the THP pte batching game in his
series "mm/memory: optimize unmap/zap with PTE-mapped THP". It
implements batching during munmap() and other pte teardown
situations. The microbenchmark improvements are nice.
- And in the series "Transparent Contiguous PTEs for User Mappings"
Ryan Roberts further utilizes arm's pte's contiguous bit ("contpte
mappings"). Kernel build times on arm64 improved nicely. Ryan's
series "Address some contpte nits" provides some followup work.
- In the series "mm/hugetlb: Restore the reservation" Breno Leitao has
fixed an obscure hugetlb race which was causing unnecessary page
faults. He has also added a reproducer under the selftest code.
- In the series "selftests/mm: Output cleanups for the compaction
test", Mark Brown did what the title claims.
- Kinsey Ho has added the series "mm/mglru: code cleanup and
refactoring".
- Even more zswap material from Nhat Pham. The series "fix and extend
zswap kselftests" does as claimed.
- In the series "Introduce cpu_dcache_is_aliasing() to fix DAX
regression" Mathieu Desnoyers has cleaned up and fixed rather a mess
in our handling of DAX on archiecctures which have virtually aliasing
data caches. The arm architecture is the main beneficiary.
- Lokesh Gidra's series "per-vma locks in userfaultfd" provides
dramatic improvements in worst-case mmap_lock hold times during
certain userfaultfd operations.
- Some page_owner enhancements and maintenance work from Oscar Salvador
in his series
"page_owner: print stacks and their outstanding allocations"
"page_owner: Fixup and cleanup"
- Uladzislau Rezki has contributed some vmalloc scalability
improvements in his series "Mitigate a vmap lock contention". It
realizes a 12x improvement for a certain microbenchmark.
- Some kexec/crash cleanup work from Baoquan He in the series "Split
crash out from kexec and clean up related config items".
- Some zsmalloc maintenance work from Chengming Zhou in the series
"mm/zsmalloc: fix and optimize objects/page migration"
"mm/zsmalloc: some cleanup for get/set_zspage_mapping()"
- Zi Yan has taught the MM to perform compaction on folios larger than
order=0. This a step along the path to implementaton of the merging
of large anonymous folios. The series is named "Enable >0 order folio
memory compaction".
- Christoph Hellwig has done quite a lot of cleanup work in the
pagecache writeback code in his series "convert write_cache_pages()
to an iterator".
- Some modest hugetlb cleanups and speedups in Vishal Moola's series
"Handle hugetlb faults under the VMA lock".
- Zi Yan has changed the page splitting code so we can split huge pages
into sizes other than order-0 to better utilize large folios. The
series is named "Split a folio to any lower order folios".
- David Hildenbrand has contributed the series "mm: remove
total_mapcount()", a cleanup.
- Matthew Wilcox has sought to improve the performance of bulk memory
freeing in his series "Rearrange batched folio freeing".
- Gang Li's series "hugetlb: parallelize hugetlb page init on boot"
provides large improvements in bootup times on large machines which
are configured to use large numbers of hugetlb pages.
- Matthew Wilcox's series "PageFlags cleanups" does that.
- Qi Zheng's series "minor fixes and supplement for ptdesc" does that
also. S390 is affected.
- Cleanups to our pagemap utility functions from Peter Xu in his series
"mm/treewide: Replace pXd_large() with pXd_leaf()".
- Nico Pache has fixed a few things with our hugepage selftests in his
series "selftests/mm: Improve Hugepage Test Handling in MM
Selftests".
- Also, of course, many singleton patches to many things. Please see
the individual changelogs for details.
* tag 'mm-stable-2024-03-13-20-04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (435 commits)
mm/zswap: remove the memcpy if acomp is not sleepable
crypto: introduce: acomp_is_async to expose if comp drivers might sleep
memtest: use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE in memory scanning
mm: prohibit the last subpage from reusing the entire large folio
mm: recover pud_leaf() definitions in nopmd case
selftests/mm: skip the hugetlb-madvise tests on unmet hugepage requirements
selftests/mm: skip uffd hugetlb tests with insufficient hugepages
selftests/mm: dont fail testsuite due to a lack of hugepages
mm/huge_memory: skip invalid debugfs new_order input for folio split
mm/huge_memory: check new folio order when split a folio
mm, vmscan: retry kswapd's priority loop with cache_trim_mode off on failure
mm: add an explicit smp_wmb() to UFFDIO_CONTINUE
mm: fix list corruption in put_pages_list
mm: remove folio from deferred split list before uncharging it
filemap: avoid unnecessary major faults in filemap_fault()
mm,page_owner: drop unnecessary check
mm,page_owner: check for null stack_record before bumping its refcount
mm: swap: fix race between free_swap_and_cache() and swapoff()
mm/treewide: align up pXd_leaf() retval across archs
mm/treewide: drop pXd_large()
...
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Based on the design pattern utilized in the CM GCR base address getter
implementation, the platform-specific code is capable to re-define the
getter and re-use the weakly defined initial version. But since the
pattern hasn't been used for over 10 years and another similar case (CM
L2-sync only base address getter) has just been fixed, let's unify the
interface and convert it to a more traditional single weakly defined
method: mips_cm_phys_base() (see the link below for the discussion around
this).
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mips/20240215171740.14550-3-fancer.lancer@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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The __mips_cm_l2sync_phys_base() and mips_cm_l2sync_phys_base() couple was
introduced in commit 9f98f3dd0c51 ("MIPS: Add generic CM probe & access
code") where the former method was a weak implementation of the later
function. Such design pattern permitted to re-define the original method
and to use the weak implementation in the new function. A similar approach
was introduced in the framework of another arch-specific programmable
interface: mips_cm_phys_base() and __mips_cm_phys_base(). The only
difference is that the underscored method of the later couple was declared
in the "asm/mips-cm.h" header file, but it wasn't done for the CM L2-sync
methods in the subject. Due to the missing global function declaration
the "missing prototype" warning was spotted in the framework of the commit
9a2036724cd6 ("mips: mark local function static if possible") and fixed
just be re-qualifying the weak method as static. Doing that broke what was
originally implied by having the weak implementation globally defined.
Let's fix the broken CM2 L2-sync arch-interface by dropping the static
qualifier and, seeing the implemented pattern hasn't been used for over 10
years but will be required soon (see the link for the discussion around
it), converting it to a single weakly defined method:
mips_cm_l2sync_phys_base().
Fixes: 9a2036724cd6 ("mips: mark local function static if possible")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mips/20240215171740.14550-3-fancer.lancer@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Since commit 43a7206b0963 ("driver core: class: make class_register() take
a const *"), the driver core allows for struct class to be in read-only
memory, so move the mt_class structure to be declared at build time placing
it into read-only memory, instead of having to be dynamically allocated at
boot time.
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Suggested-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ricardo B. Marliere <ricardo@marliere.net>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Now crash codes under kernel/ folder has been split out from kexec
code, crash dumping can be separated from kexec reboot in config
items on mips with some adjustments.
Here use IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_RESERVE) check to decide if compiling
in the crashkernel reservation code.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240124051254.67105-12-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <piliu@redhat.com>
Cc: Klara Modin <klarasmodin@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Yang Li <yang.lee@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Implement various microMIPS MT ASE helpers accroading to:
MIPS® Architecture for Programmers
Volume IV-f: The MIPS® MT Module for the microMIPS32™ Architecture
Fixes build error:
{standard input}:2616: Error: branch to a symbol in another ISA mode
This make MT ASE available on microMIPS as well.
Boot tested on M5150 with microMIPS enabled on M5150.
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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There is already a generic union definition for vdso_data_store in the vdso
datapage header.
Use this definition to prevent code duplication.
Signed-off-by: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240219153939.75719-10-anna-maria@linutronix.de
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Some access are 32 bits only while they seems better to be done in
64bis for 64 bit kernel.
This was extract from an initial patch from Jiaxun
Co-developed-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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With the expanded support for placing the kernel in XPHYS rather than
just KSEG0, scenarios where ebase doesn't belong to KSEG0 are more
likely to occur. In such cases, we currently experience a substantial
and perplexing stack dump without any accompanying explanation. To
rectify this, we aim to replace the uninformative stack dump with a
warning that offers a clear explanation of the issue.
Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Now the exception vector for CPS systems are allocated on-fly
with memblock as well.
It will try to allocate from KSEG1 first, and then try to allocate
in low 4G if possible.
The main reset vector is now generated by uasm, to avoid tons
of patches to the code. Other vectors are copied to the location
later.
move 64bits fix in an other patch
fix cache issue with mips_cps_core_entry
rewrite the patch to reduce the diff stat
move extern in header
use cache address for copying vector
gc: use the new macro CKSEG[0A1]DDR_OR_64BIT()
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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ebase might reside in XKPHYS if memblock is unable to allocate memory
within the KSEG0 physical range.
To map EBASE into uncached space, we convert it back to its physical
address and utilize the new CKSEG1ADDR_OR_64BIT helper for mapping.
Co-developed-by: Vladimir Kondratiev <vladimir.kondratiev@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Kondratiev <vladimir.kondratiev@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Use GPR number macros in uasm code generation parts to
reduce code duplication.
There are functional change due to difference in register
symbolic names between OABI and NABI, while existing code
is only using definitions from OABI.
Code pieces are carefully inspected to ensure register
usages are safe on NABI as well.
We changed register allocation of r_pcohctl from T7 to T8
as T7 is not available on NABI and we just want a caller
saved scratch register here.
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Use GPR number macros in uasm code generation parts to
reduce code duplication.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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On architectures with delay slot, architecture level instruction
pointer (or program counter) in pt_regs may differ from where
exception was triggered.
Introduce exception_ip hook to invoke architecture code and determine
actual instruction pointer to the exception.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/00d1b813-c55f-4365-8d81-d70258e10b16@app.fastmail.com/
Signed-off-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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If we still own the FPU after initializing fcr31, when we are preempted
the dirty value in the FPU will be read out and stored into fcr31,
clobbering our setting. This can cause an improper floating-point
environment after execve(). For example:
zsh% cat measure.c
#include <fenv.h>
int main() { return fetestexcept(FE_INEXACT); }
zsh% cc measure.c -o measure -lm
zsh% echo $((1.0/3)) # raising FE_INEXACT
0.33333333333333331
zsh% while ./measure; do ; done
(stopped in seconds)
Call lose_fpu(0) before setting fcr31 to prevent this.
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mips/7a6aa1bbdbbe2e63ae96ff163fab0349f58f1b9e.camel@xry111.site/
Fixes: 9b26616c8d9d ("MIPS: Respect the ISA level in FCSR handling")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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"cpu_probe" is called both by BP and APs, but reserving exception vector
(like 0x0-0x1000) called by "cpu_probe" need once and calling on APs is
too late since memblock is unavailable at that time.
So, reserve exception vector ONLY by BP.
Suggested-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Huang Pei <huangpei@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Pull MIPS updates from Thomas Bogendoerfer:
"Just cleanups and fixes"
* tag 'mips_6.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mips/linux:
MIPS: Alchemy: Fix an out-of-bound access in db1550_dev_setup()
MIPS: Alchemy: Fix an out-of-bound access in db1200_dev_setup()
MIPS: Fix typos
MIPS: Remove unused shadow GPR support from vector irq setup
MIPS: Allow vectored interrupt handler to reside everywhere for 64bit
mips: Set dump-stack arch description
mips: mm: add slab availability checking in ioremap_prot
mips: Optimize max_mapnr init procedure
mips: Fix max_mapnr being uninitialized on early stages
mips: Fix incorrect max_low_pfn adjustment
mips: dmi: Fix early remap on MIPS32
MIPS: compressed: Use correct instruction for 64 bit code
MIPS: SGI-IP27: hubio: fix nasid kernel-doc warning
MAINTAINERS: Add myself as maintainer of the Ralink architecture
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arnd/asm-generic
Pull asm-generic cleanups from Arnd Bergmann:
"A series from Baoquan He cleans up the asm-generic/io.h to remove the
ioremap_uc() definition from everything except x86, which still needs
it for pre-PAT systems. This series notably contains a patch from
Jiaxun Yang that converts MIPS to use asm-generic/io.h like every
other architecture does, enabling future cleanups.
Some of my own patches fix -Wmissing-prototype warnings in
architecture specific code across several architectures. This is now
needed as the warning is enabled by default. There are still some
remaining warnings in minor platforms, but the series should catch
most of the widely used ones make them more consistent with one
another.
David McKay fixes a bug in __generic_cmpxchg_local() when this is used
on 64-bit architectures. This could currently only affect parisc64 and
sparc64.
Additional cleanups address from Linus Walleij, Uwe Kleine-König,
Thomas Huth, and Kefeng Wang help reduce unnecessary inconsistencies
between architectures"
* tag 'asm-generic-6.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arnd/asm-generic:
asm-generic: Fix 32 bit __generic_cmpxchg_local
Hexagon: Make pfn accessors statics inlines
ARC: mm: Make virt_to_pfn() a static inline
mips: remove extraneous asm-generic/iomap.h include
sparc: Use $(kecho) to announce kernel images being ready
arm64: vdso32: Define BUILD_VDSO32_64 to correct prototypes
csky: fix arch_jump_label_transform_static override
arch: add do_page_fault prototypes
arch: add missing prepare_ftrace_return() prototypes
arch: vdso: consolidate gettime prototypes
arch: include linux/cpu.h for trap_init() prototype
arch: fix asm-offsets.c building with -Wmissing-prototypes
arch: consolidate arch_irq_work_raise prototypes
hexagon: Remove CONFIG_HEXAGON_ARCH_VERSION from uapi header
asm/io: remove unnecessary xlate_dev_mem_ptr() and unxlate_dev_mem_ptr()
mips: io: remove duplicated codes
arch/*/io.h: remove ioremap_uc in some architectures
mips: add <asm-generic/io.h> including
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/lsm
Pull security module updates from Paul Moore:
- Add three new syscalls: lsm_list_modules(), lsm_get_self_attr(), and
lsm_set_self_attr().
The first syscall simply lists the LSMs enabled, while the second and
third get and set the current process' LSM attributes. Yes, these
syscalls may provide similar functionality to what can be found under
/proc or /sys, but they were designed to support multiple,
simultaneaous (stacked) LSMs from the start as opposed to the current
/proc based solutions which were created at a time when only one LSM
was allowed to be active at a given time.
We have spent considerable time discussing ways to extend the
existing /proc interfaces to support multiple, simultaneaous LSMs and
even our best ideas have been far too ugly to support as a kernel
API; after +20 years in the kernel, I felt the LSM layer had
established itself enough to justify a handful of syscalls.
Support amongst the individual LSM developers has been nearly
unanimous, with a single objection coming from Tetsuo (TOMOYO) as he
is worried that the LSM_ID_XXX token concept will make it more
difficult for out-of-tree LSMs to survive. Several members of the LSM
community have demonstrated the ability for out-of-tree LSMs to
continue to exist by picking high/unused LSM_ID values as well as
pointing out that many kernel APIs rely on integer identifiers, e.g.
syscalls (!), but unfortunately Tetsuo's objections remain.
My personal opinion is that while I have no interest in penalizing
out-of-tree LSMs, I'm not going to penalize in-tree development to
support out-of-tree development, and I view this as a necessary step
forward to support the push for expanded LSM stacking and reduce our
reliance on /proc and /sys which has occassionally been problematic
for some container users. Finally, we have included the linux-api
folks on (all?) recent revisions of the patchset and addressed all of
their concerns.
- Add a new security_file_ioctl_compat() LSM hook to handle the 32-bit
ioctls on 64-bit systems problem.
This patch includes support for all of the existing LSMs which
provide ioctl hooks, although it turns out only SELinux actually
cares about the individual ioctls. It is worth noting that while
Casey (Smack) and Tetsuo (TOMOYO) did not give explicit ACKs to this
patch, they did both indicate they are okay with the changes.
- Fix a potential memory leak in the CALIPSO code when IPv6 is disabled
at boot.
While it's good that we are fixing this, I doubt this is something
users are seeing in the wild as you need to both disable IPv6 and
then attempt to configure IPv6 labeled networking via
NetLabel/CALIPSO; that just doesn't make much sense.
Normally this would go through netdev, but Jakub asked me to take
this patch and of all the trees I maintain, the LSM tree seemed like
the best fit.
- Update the LSM MAINTAINERS entry with additional information about
our process docs, patchwork, bug reporting, etc.
I also noticed that the Lockdown LSM is missing a dedicated
MAINTAINERS entry so I've added that to the pull request. I've been
working with one of the major Lockdown authors/contributors to see if
they are willing to step up and assume a Lockdown maintainer role;
hopefully that will happen soon, but in the meantime I'll continue to
look after it.
- Add a handful of mailmap entries for Serge Hallyn and myself.
* tag 'lsm-pr-20240105' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/lsm: (27 commits)
lsm: new security_file_ioctl_compat() hook
lsm: Add a __counted_by() annotation to lsm_ctx.ctx
calipso: fix memory leak in netlbl_calipso_add_pass()
selftests: remove the LSM_ID_IMA check in lsm/lsm_list_modules_test
MAINTAINERS: add an entry for the lockdown LSM
MAINTAINERS: update the LSM entry
mailmap: add entries for Serge Hallyn's dead accounts
mailmap: update/replace my old email addresses
lsm: mark the lsm_id variables are marked as static
lsm: convert security_setselfattr() to use memdup_user()
lsm: align based on pointer length in lsm_fill_user_ctx()
lsm: consolidate buffer size handling into lsm_fill_user_ctx()
lsm: correct error codes in security_getselfattr()
lsm: cleanup the size counters in security_getselfattr()
lsm: don't yet account for IMA in LSM_CONFIG_COUNT calculation
lsm: drop LSM_ID_IMA
LSM: selftests for Linux Security Module syscalls
SELinux: Add selfattr hooks
AppArmor: Add selfattr hooks
Smack: implement setselfattr and getselfattr hooks
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
"Quite a lot of kexec work this time around. Many singleton patches in
many places. The notable patch series are:
- nilfs2 folio conversion from Matthew Wilcox in 'nilfs2: Folio
conversions for file paths'.
- Additional nilfs2 folio conversion from Ryusuke Konishi in 'nilfs2:
Folio conversions for directory paths'.
- IA64 remnant removal in Heiko Carstens's 'Remove unused code after
IA-64 removal'.
- Arnd Bergmann has enabled the -Wmissing-prototypes warning
everywhere in 'Treewide: enable -Wmissing-prototypes'. This had
some followup fixes:
- Nathan Chancellor has cleaned up the hexagon build in the series
'hexagon: Fix up instances of -Wmissing-prototypes'.
- Nathan also addressed some s390 warnings in 's390: A couple of
fixes for -Wmissing-prototypes'.
- Arnd Bergmann addresses the same warnings for MIPS in his series
'mips: address -Wmissing-prototypes warnings'.
- Baoquan He has made kexec_file operate in a top-down-fitting manner
similar to kexec_load in the series 'kexec_file: Load kernel at top
of system RAM if required'
- Baoquan He has also added the self-explanatory 'kexec_file: print
out debugging message if required'.
- Some checkstack maintenance work from Tiezhu Yang in the series
'Modify some code about checkstack'.
- Douglas Anderson has disentangled the watchdog code's logging when
multiple reports are occurring simultaneously. The series is
'watchdog: Better handling of concurrent lockups'.
- Yuntao Wang has contributed some maintenance work on the crash code
in 'crash: Some cleanups and fixes'"
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2024-01-09-10-33' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (157 commits)
crash_core: fix and simplify the logic of crash_exclude_mem_range()
x86/crash: use SZ_1M macro instead of hardcoded value
x86/crash: remove the unused image parameter from prepare_elf_headers()
kdump: remove redundant DEFAULT_CRASH_KERNEL_LOW_SIZE
scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh: strip unexpected CR from lines
watchdog: if panicking and we dumped everything, don't re-enable dumping
watchdog/hardlockup: use printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() to serialize reporting
watchdog/softlockup: use printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() to serialize reporting
watchdog/hardlockup: adopt softlockup logic avoiding double-dumps
kexec_core: fix the assignment to kimage->control_page
x86/kexec: fix incorrect end address passed to kernel_ident_mapping_init()
lib/trace_readwrite.c:: replace asm-generic/io with linux/io
nilfs2: cpfile: fix some kernel-doc warnings
stacktrace: fix kernel-doc typo
scripts/checkstack.pl: fix no space expression between sp and offset
x86/kexec: fix incorrect argument passed to kexec_dprintk()
x86/kexec: use pr_err() instead of kexec_dprintk() when an error occurs
nilfs2: add missing set_freezable() for freezable kthread
kernel: relay: remove relay_file_splice_read dead code, doesn't work
docs: submit-checklist: remove all of "make namespacecheck"
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs
Pull vfs mount updates from Christian Brauner:
"This contains the work to retrieve detailed information about mounts
via two new system calls. This is hopefully the beginning of the end
of the saga that started with fsinfo() years ago.
The LWN articles in [1] and [2] can serve as a summary so we can avoid
rehashing everything here.
At LSFMM in May 2022 we got into a room and agreed on what we want to
do about fsinfo(). Basically, split it into pieces. This is the first
part of that agreement. Specifically, it is concerned with retrieving
information about mounts. So this only concerns the mount information
retrieval, not the mount table change notification, or the extended
filesystem specific mount option work. That is separate work.
Currently mounts have a 32bit id. Mount ids are already in heavy use
by libmount and other low-level userspace but they can't be relied
upon because they're recycled very quickly. We agreed that mounts
should carry a unique 64bit id by which they can be referenced
directly. This is now implemented as part of this work.
The new 64bit mount id is exposed in statx() through the new
STATX_MNT_ID_UNIQUE flag. If the flag isn't raised the old mount id is
returned. If it is raised and the kernel supports the new 64bit mount
id the flag is raised in the result mask and the new 64bit mount id is
returned. New and old mount ids do not overlap so they cannot be
conflated.
Two new system calls are introduced that operate on the 64bit mount
id: statmount() and listmount(). A summary of the api and usage can be
found on LWN as well (cf. [3]) but of course, I'll provide a summary
here as well.
Both system calls rely on struct mnt_id_req. Which is the request
struct used to pass the 64bit mount id identifying the mount to
operate on. It is extensible to allow for the addition of new
parameters and for future use in other apis that make use of mount
ids.
statmount() mimicks the semantics of statx() and exposes a set flags
that userspace may raise in mnt_id_req to request specific information
to be retrieved. A statmount() call returns a struct statmount filled
in with information about the requested mount. Supported requests are
indicated by raising the request flag passed in struct mnt_id_req in
the @mask argument in struct statmount.
Currently we do support:
- STATMOUNT_SB_BASIC:
Basic filesystem info
- STATMOUNT_MNT_BASIC
Mount information (mount id, parent mount id, mount attributes etc)
- STATMOUNT_PROPAGATE_FROM
Propagation from what mount in current namespace
- STATMOUNT_MNT_ROOT
Path of the root of the mount (e.g., mount --bind /bla /mnt returns /bla)
- STATMOUNT_MNT_POINT
Path of the mount point (e.g., mount --bind /bla /mnt returns /mnt)
- STATMOUNT_FS_TYPE
Name of the filesystem type as the magic number isn't enough due to submounts
The string options STATMOUNT_MNT_{ROOT,POINT} and STATMOUNT_FS_TYPE
are appended to the end of the struct. Userspace can use the offsets
in @fs_type, @mnt_root, and @mnt_point to reference those strings
easily.
The struct statmount reserves quite a bit of space currently for
future extensibility. This isn't really a problem and if this bothers
us we can just send a follow-up pull request during this cycle.
listmount() is given a 64bit mount id via mnt_id_req just as
statmount(). It takes a buffer and a size to return an array of the
64bit ids of the child mounts of the requested mount. Userspace can
thus choose to either retrieve child mounts for a mount in batches or
iterate through the child mounts. For most use-cases it will be
sufficient to just leave space for a few child mounts. But for big
mount tables having an iterator is really helpful. Iterating through a
mount table works by setting @param in mnt_id_req to the mount id of
the last child mount retrieved in the previous listmount() call"
Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/934469 [1]
Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/829212 [2]
Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/950569 [3]
* tag 'vfs-6.8.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs:
add selftest for statmount/listmount
fs: keep struct mnt_id_req extensible
wire up syscalls for statmount/listmount
add listmount(2) syscall
statmount: simplify string option retrieval
statmount: simplify numeric option retrieval
add statmount(2) syscall
namespace: extract show_path() helper
mounts: keep list of mounts in an rbtree
add unique mount ID
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Fix typos, most reported by "codespell arch/mips". Only touches comments,
no code changes.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: linux-mips@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Using shadow GPRs for vectored interrupts has never been used,
time to remove it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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Setting up vector interrupts worked only with handlers, which resided
in CKSEG0 space. This limits the kernel placement for 64bit platforms.
By patching in the offset into vi_handlers[] instead of the full
handler address, the vectored exception handler can load the
address by itself and jump to it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
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In the framework of the MIPS architecture the mips_set_machine_name()
method is defined to set the machine name. The name currently is only used
in the /proc/cpuinfo file content generation. Let's have it utilized to
mach-personalize the dump-stack data too in a way it's done on ARM, ARM64,
RISC-V, etc.
Signed-off-by: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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max_low_pfn variable is incorrectly adjusted if the kernel is built with
high memory support and the later is detected in a running system, so the
memory which actually can be directly mapped is getting into the highmem
zone. See the ZONE_NORMAL range on my MIPS32r5 system:
> Zone ranges:
> DMA [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000ffffff]
> Normal [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x0000000007ffffff]
> HighMem [mem 0x0000000008000000-0x000000020fffffff]
while the zones are supposed to look as follows:
> Zone ranges:
> DMA [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000ffffff]
> Normal [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x000000001fffffff]
> HighMem [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x000000020fffffff]
Even though the physical memory within the range [0x08000000;0x20000000]
belongs to MMIO on our system, we don't really want it to be considered as
high memory since on MIPS32 that range still can be directly mapped.
Note there might be other problems caused by the max_low_pfn variable
misconfiguration. For instance high_memory variable is initialize with
virtual address corresponding to the max_low_pfn PFN, and by design it
must define the upper bound on direct map memory, then end of the normal
zone. That in its turn potentially may cause problems in accessing the
memory by means of the /dev/mem and /dev/kmem devices.
Let's fix the discovered misconfiguration then. It turns out the commit
a94e4f24ec83 ("MIPS: init: Drop boot_mem_map") didn't introduce the
max_low_pfn adjustment quite correct. If the kernel is built with high
memory support and the system is equipped with high memory, the
max_low_pfn variable will need to be initialized with PFN of the most
upper directly reachable memory address so the zone normal would be
correctly setup. On MIPS that PFN corresponds to PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START).
If the system is built with no high memory support and one is detected in
the running system, we'll just need to adjust the max_pfn variable to
discard the found high memory from the system and leave the max_low_pfn as
is, since the later will be less than PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START) anyway by
design of the for_each_memblock() loop performed a bit early in the
bootmem_init() method.
Fixes: a94e4f24ec83 ("MIPS: init: Drop boot_mem_map")
Signed-off-by: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"17 hotfixes. 8 are cc:stable and the other 9 pertain to post-6.6
issues"
* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2023-12-15-07-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm:
mm/mglru: reclaim offlined memcgs harder
mm/mglru: respect min_ttl_ms with memcgs
mm/mglru: try to stop at high watermarks
mm/mglru: fix underprotected page cache
mm/shmem: fix race in shmem_undo_range w/THP
Revert "selftests: error out if kernel header files are not yet built"
crash_core: fix the check for whether crashkernel is from high memory
x86, kexec: fix the wrong ifdeffery CONFIG_KEXEC
sh, kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC
mips, kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC
m68k, kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and build dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC
loongarch, kexec: change dependency of object files
mm/damon/core: make damon_start() waits until kdamond_fn() starts
selftests/mm: cow: print ksft header before printing anything else
mm: fix VMA heap bounds checking
riscv: fix VMALLOC_START definition
kexec: drop dependency on ARCH_SUPPORTS_KEXEC from CRASH_DUMP
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Wire up all archs.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231025140205.3586473-7-mszeredi@redhat.com
Reviewed-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
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The select of KEXEC for CRASH_DUMP in kernel/Kconfig.kexec will be
dropped, then compiling errors will be triggered if below config items are
set:
===
CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y
CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y
CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
===
--------------------------------------------------------------------
mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `kimage_free':
kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2200): undefined reference to `machine_kexec_cleanup'
mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `__crash_kexec':
kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2480): undefined reference to `machine_crash_shutdown'
mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2488): undefined reference to `machine_kexec'
mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `kernel_kexec':
kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x29b8): undefined reference to `machine_shutdown'
mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x29c0): undefined reference to `machine_kexec'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Here, change the dependency of building kexec_core related object files,
and the ifdeffery in mips from CONFIG_KEXEC to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-4-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202311302042.sn8cDPIX-lkp@intel.com/
Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com>
Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Two functions are provided for kexec, but the mips implementation is
missing the corresponding #include statment:
arch/mips/kernel/machine_kexec.c:136:1: error: no previous prototype for 'machine_shutdown' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/machine_kexec.c:152:1: error: no previous prototype for 'machine_crash_shutdown' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-21-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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The function is unconditionally defined in smp.c but is conditionally
declared in a header that is not included here.
arch/mips/kernel/smp.c:473:5: error: no previous prototype for 'setup_profiling_timer' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Add the missing #include and #ifdef to match the declaration.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-20-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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These two functions have a global prototype but the header is not included
before the function definitions:
arch/mips/kernel/mips-mt.c:50:6: error: no previous prototype for 'mips_mt_regdump' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/mips-mt.c:159:6: error: no previous prototype for 'mips_mt_set_cpuoptions' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-16-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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arch/mips/kernel/spram.c:194:6: error: no previous prototype for 'spram_config' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-15-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Some of the cache functions are declared only for their callers, e.g.
arch/mips/mm/c-r3k.c:28:15: error: no previous prototype for 'r3k_cache_size' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/mm/c-r3k.c:63:15: error: no previous prototype for 'r3k_cache_lsize' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/mm/c-r4k.c:1703:6: error: no previous prototype for 'r4k_cache_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/mm/sc-mips.c:255:5: error: no previous prototype for 'mips_sc_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Move all the declarations to asm/cache.h and asm/r4kcache.h where they
can be seen by the function definitions.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-13-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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There are two definitions for tlb_init(), but no global declaration:
arch/mips/mm/tlb-r4k.c:552:6: error: no previous prototype for 'tlb_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/mm/tlb-r3k.c:244:6: error: no previous prototype for 'tlb_init' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Move the declaration to asm/setup.h and included it as needed.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-12-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Instead of an extern declaration in the C file with the caller, move it to
an appropriate header, avoiding
arch/mips/kernel/jump_label.c:93:6: error: no previous prototype for 'jump_label_apply_nops' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-9-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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These two functions are global but have no extern prototypes or other
callers, so it's best to mark them as static, avoiding these warnings:
arch/mips/kernel/mips-cm.c:204:13: error: no previous prototype for '__mips_cm_l2sync_phys_base' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/mm/c-r4k.c:1827:12: error: no previous prototype for 'r4k_cache_init_pm' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-7-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Function declarations should be in a shared header to ensure the
prototypes match the definition:
arch/mips/kernel/signal.c:439:5: error: no previous prototype for 'setup_sigcontext' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/signal.c:516:5: error: no previous prototype for 'restore_sigcontext' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-6-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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These exception handlers are all called from assembly code, so they don't
normally need a declaration, but without one we now get warnings:
arch/mips/mm/fault.c:323:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_page_fault' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:447:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_be' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:752:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_ov' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:874:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_fpe' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1027:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_bp' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1114:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_tr' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1151:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_ri' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1402:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_cpu' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1507:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_msa_fpe' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1527:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_msa' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1548:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_mdmx' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1560:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_watch' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1587:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_mcheck' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1612:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_mt' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1648:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_dsp' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1656:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_reserved' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1832:17: error: no previous prototype for 'cache_parity_error' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1880:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_ftlb' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1909:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_gsexc' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1944:6: error: no previous prototype for 'ejtag_exception_handler' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/traps.c:1989:17: error: no previous prototype for 'nmi_exception_handler' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/unaligned.c:1516:17: error: no previous prototype for 'do_ade' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-4-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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System call prototypes are generally in linux/syscalls.h, but there are a
couple of mips specific entry points that are missing there:
arch/mips/kernel/signal.c:636:17: error: no previous prototype for 'sys_sigreturn' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/signal.c:673:17: error: no previous prototype for 'sys_rt_sigreturn' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/syscall.c:51:16: error: no previous prototype for 'sysm_pipe' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/mips-mt-fpaff.c:65:17: error: no previous prototype for 'mipsmt_sys_sched_setaffinity' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
arch/mips/kernel/mips-mt-fpaff.c:157:17: error: no previous prototype for 'mipsmt_sys_sched_getaffinity' [-Werror=missing-prototypes]
Add these to a new asm/syscalls.h as we have in other architectures.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231204115710.2247097-3-arnd@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@rothwell.id.au>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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io_uring sets up the io worker kernel thread via a syscall out of an
user space prrocess. This process might have used FPU and since
copy_thread() didn't clear FPU states for kernel threads a BUG()
is triggered for using FPU inside kernel. Move code around
to always clear FPU state for user and kernel threads.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurel32@debian.org>
Closes: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1055021
Suggested-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
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