==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ==================== Released: 2004-12-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alberto Bertogli Anand Kumria Andrey Kiselev Andries Brouwer Chris Green Branden Robinson Emmanuel Colbus Enrico Zini Eric Estievenart Fabian Kreutz Florian Weimer Jan Kuznik Joey (Martin) Schulze Johannes Berg John V. Belmonte Karel Kulhavy Luis Javier Merino Morán Martin Pool Richard Kreckel Vasya Pupkin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Fabian Kreutz Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion from Fabian Kreutz. Various pages Fabian Kreutz / aeb Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and Andries Brouwer. Various pages mtk For consistency, all instances of "super-user" were changed to the more common "superuser". Various pages Vasya Pupkin / mtk After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added to the SYNOPSIS of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros. In addition: -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed on various pages. -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed to "unsigned int", etc. -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed. The affected pages are: getdents.2 gettid.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 Florian Weimer Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762. fcntl.2 Martin Pool Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL. mtk/aeb Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb. See also: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2 getrlimit.2 mtk Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page. Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel 2.6.9 changes. Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels. Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING. Also made a few other minor changes. getrusage.2 mtk This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting getrlimit.2. Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9. kill.2 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing when signals can be sent to init(1). mlock.2 munlock.2 mlockall.2 munlockall.2 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page. In the process, much duplication was eliminated and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9, mmap.2 mtk Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits. Eric Estievenart Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings msgctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions. msgget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. msgop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. open.2 Martin Pool Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8) mtk Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically personality.2 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze semctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Rewrote semun text. Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions. semget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialize semaphore values. semop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. shmctl.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Updated shmid_ds structure definitions. Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags. Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK since kernel 2.6.9. Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes. Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8) shmget.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Added notes on /proc files. shmop.2 mtk Substantial language and formatting clean-ups. Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment of segments marked for destruction. sigaction.2 mtk Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP. Added SA_NOCLDWAIT. Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags. Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9. Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19). Other minor changes. signal.2 mtk Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer to sigaction.2. sigwaitinfo.2 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout" as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145 stat.2 Enrico Zini Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to st_mode field. as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698 swapon.2 After Debian bug report from Anand Kumria Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error. mtk Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area"). Added EBUSY error for swapon(). A few formatting fixes. times.2 mtk In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no longer time since boot, but rather: boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9. Some formatting fixes. undocumented.2 After bug report from Johannes Berg Changed .TH UNIMPLEMENTED to: .TH UNDOCUMENTED as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741 wait.2 mtk Added waitid(2). Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10). Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP. Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behavior. Much other text rewritten. wait4.2 mtk Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information, and replacing with pointers to wait.2. Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD" waitid.2 mtk New link to wait.2 assert.3 After bug report from Branden Robinson The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814 ctime.3 mtk Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day of the preceding month. getnameinfo.3 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero value indicating the error. mtk added EAI_OVERFLOW error killpg.3 mtk Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO. lseek64.3 aeb New page by Andries Brouwer tzset.3 Richard Kreckel Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ. http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601 printf.3 After bug report from Jan Kuznik http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example realpath.3 mtk Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL. random.4 After bug report from John V. Belmonte Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c) as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779 proc.5 mtk Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid. rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list boot.7 applied patch from Martin Schulze capabilities.7 mtk Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER netdevice.7 Karel Kulhavy and AEB Formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a few wording fixes. signal.7 mtk /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING in kernel 2.6.8. tcp.7 mtk/aeb Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ==================== Released: 2004-12-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Carsten Hey Johannes Berg Joshua Kwan Marek Habersack Martin Schulze Matthew Dempsky Matthew Gregan Pedro Zorzenon Neto Tony Crawford Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- accept.2 close.2 send.2 setsid.2 socket.2 closedir.3 initgroups.3 mkstemp.3 opendir.3 readdir.3 telldir.3 Matthew Dempsky, mtk triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in these pages. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sendfile.2 mtk Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to 2.6 reality. Wording and formatting changes. ctan.3 ctanh.3 Tony Crawford As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S. errno.3 Martin Schulze, mtk Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes on historical need for this declaration. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175 aio_return.3 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)". posix_openpt.3 mtk New by mtk ptsname.3 mtk Added description of ptsname_r(). Added ERRORS. ptsname_r.3 mtk New link to ptsname.3. shm_open.3 Matthew Gregan add to synopsis as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243 strcasecmp.3 Marek Habersack .SH "CONFORMING TO" -BSD 4.4 +BSD 4.4, SUSv3 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443 strfry.3 Joshua Kwan Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538 strftime.3 Cartsen Hey as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..60. SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said. (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 -- e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.) The glibc manual currently says 0..60. Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the manual page to also say this: -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61). +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60). +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.) sysconf.3 Johannes Berg See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV system.3 Pedro Zorzenon as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros from for wait(2). mtk Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX). Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behavior of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if 'command' is NULL. Other wording and formatting clean-ups. undocumented.3 Remove some functions names that *are* documented. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ==================== Released: 2005-04-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Branden Robinson Colin Watson David Lloyd Gordon Jin Heikki Orsila Jamie Lokier Johan Walles Kai Makisara Marko Kohtala Martin Pool Martin (Joey) Schulze Matthias Lang Michael Haardt Michael Mühlebach Mike Frysinger Sasa Stevanovic Serguei Leontiev Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- ctime.3 tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 Martin (Joey) Schulze Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent newctime(3). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Noted the PID caching behavior of NPTL's getpid() wrapper under BUGS. Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2), tkill(2) under SEE ALSO. epoll_ctl.2 epoll_create.2 Marko Kohtala / mtk Improved various error descriptions. epoll_wait.2 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala Added EINTR to errors. fcntl.2 Jamie Lokier / mtk Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to multi-threaded programs. Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN. Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are now in POSIX. link.2 mtk Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath is a symbolic link. See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html Michael Haardt / mtk Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same file system. mincore.2 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin Updated ERRORS. pipe.2 As per message from Serguei Leontiev Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional. (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and sockets on the latter.) posix_fadvise.2 mtk Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6. rename.2 Michael Haardt Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same file system. semop.2 mtk Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop(). setitimer.2 Matthias Lang, mtk Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling. Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values. sigqueue.2 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO. times.2 mtk Added notes on non-standard behavior: Linux allows 'buf' to be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable. uselib.2 Andries Brouwer Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between EACCES and ENOEXEC. bcopy.3 Heikki Orsila bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not, so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned. getmntent_r.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze New link to man3/getmntent.3. memcpy.3 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic. strcasestr.3 mtk Created as link to strstr.3. strftime.3 mtk Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier. strstr.3 mtk Added description of strcasestr(). random.4 aeb Improved description of read from /dev/urandom. st.4 Kai Makisara Substantial updates. man.7 Martin Schulze Branden Robinson Colin Watson Mention the .URL macro more verbosely. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ==================== Released: 2005-06-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Joey (Martin) Schulze Johannes Nicolai Justin Pryzby Klaus Ethgen Pavel Heimlich Ross Boylan Vincent Fourmond Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- console.4 console_ioctl.4 mouse.4 tty.4 vcs.4 Pavel Heimlich Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)'. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD. Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED. Other minor fixes. execve.2 aeb Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program. fcntl.2 Johannes Nicolai / mtk Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4 and earlier. Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner. flock.2 mtk Noted that lock conversions are not atomic. getrusage.2 mtk ru_nswap has never contained useful information. Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also: http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html kill.2 mtk Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case. mount.2 mtk Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary. Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for each thread in a thread group. shmctl.2 mtk Noted aberrant Linux behavior with respect to new attaches to a segment that has already been marked for deletion. Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK. wait.2 mtk Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid(). confstr.3 mtk Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION. hosts.5 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze various changes as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242 proc.5 mtk Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields. Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat. capabilities.7 mtk 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g regex.7 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do not seem to be in the glibc implementation. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666 tzselect.8 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo. (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ==================== Released: 2005-06-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Baurjan Ismagulov Dave Love Dieter Brueggemann Geoff Clare Guido Trotter kabloom Kevin Ryde Justin Pryzby Mike Furr Olivier Croquette Olivier Guilyardi Peter Cordes Philipp Spitzer Tanaka Akira Thierry Excoffier Thomas Hood Vincent Lefevre Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk For consistency across pages: 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- pthreads.7 mtk An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk Various minor changes. epoll_ctl.2 Mike Furr BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL 'event', even though this argument is ignored. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517 flock.2 mtk / Kevin Ryde Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks and open file entries and file descriptors. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121 getitimer.2 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy). getrlimit.2 mtk RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later". getrusage.2 Geoff Clare Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used. nice.2 mtk / Guido Trotter Rewrote description of return value. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183 open.2 Walter Harms O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE. mtk O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6. Various minor fixes. atexit.3 mtk Various minor changes. exit.3 mtk Various minor changes. getopt.3 mtk / Philipp Spitzer Fix description of return value. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359 hsearch.3 mtk Changed (char *) to (void *) in example. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607 log1p.3 Justin Pryzby Make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3), as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578 makecontext.3 Tanaka Akira Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext(), as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800 on_exit.3 mtk Various minor changes. rand.3 kabloom Small fix to a code example, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842 realpath.3 mtk / Thomas Hood When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath() will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes. Plus other minor changes. See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424 rcmd.3 Dave Love The required header file for these functions on Linux is , as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680 scanf.3 Olivier Guilyardi Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109 stdin.3 Vincent Lefevre freopen() can change the descriptors associated with stdin/stdout/stderr, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859 strerror.3 Baurjan Ismagulov strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880 sysconf.3 Peter Cordes / mtk Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV". proc.5 mtk Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7. ip.7 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically. tcp.7 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg. mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ==================== Released: 2005-06-27 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A Costa Andries Brouwer Bas Zoetekouw Dan Jacobson Delian Krustev Dora Anna Volgyesi Martin (Joey) Schulze Ove Kaaven Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to A Costa.) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". close.2 mtk Clarified what type of lock close() affects. Minor formatting changes. dup.2 mtk Consistent use of terms "open file description", "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags". Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not accurate. Minor formatting fixes. fcntl.2 mtk Consistent use of terms "open file description", "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags". Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2 with a cross ref to dup.2 Minor wording and formatting fixes. fpclassify.3 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02 to differentiate positive and negative infinity. See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765 getgid.2 getuid.2 Delian Krustev Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852 getitimer.2 mtk The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12. getpriority.2 mtk Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19. Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems. open.2 mtk / aeb Clarification of term "open file description" along with explanation of what information it maintains. Other wording improvements. Various minor wording changes. atexit.3 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". mtk Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on shared library unload. Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on abnormal termination. Formatting fixes. exit.3 mtk / aeb Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination function". mtk Minor rewording and formatting changes. getloadavg.3 mtk Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype. log2.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze Add ERANGE error. readdir.3 mtk Added definition of Linux dirent structure. Some formatting cleanups. strtod.3 Dora Anna Volgyesi / mtk strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668 tdestroy.3 mtk New link to tsearch.3. tsearch.3 mtk Added tdestroy to .TH line. mem.4 mtk Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem". null.4 mtk Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero". vcs.4 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515 signal.7 Ove Kaaven SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369 urn.7 mtk New link to uri.7 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ==================== Released: 2005-07-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Bhavesh P Davda Clau Weber Dov Murik David Lloyd Frederik Deweerdt Justin Pryzby Lars Wirzenius Martin Pool Mike Frysinger Petter Reinholdtsen Steven Murdoch Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected. New pages --------- canonicalize_file_name.3 Walter Harms / mtk Removed Pages ------------- sstk.2 mtk AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other than be a stub) on any Unix. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. bind.2 mtk Minor formatting changes clone.2 mtk Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes connect.2 mtk Various wording and formatting fixes. epoll_create.2 Bhavesh P Davda s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor] getrlimit.2 mtk Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit. RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30. (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.) s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/ listen.2 mtk Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling. Minor wording and formatting changes. semop.2 mtk Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not not woken up when the value does actually reach zero. http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2 socket.2 mtk Various minor wording improvements umask.2 mtk Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation mask" clearer. Various, mostly small, wording changes errno.3 Martin Pool Change description for ESTALE As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344 fgetgrent.3 getgrent.3 getgrent_r.3 David Lloyd Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3) See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336 getgrent.3 getgrnam.3 getpwent.3 getpwnam.3 Lars Wirzenius / mtk Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117 mtk Miscellaneous wording improvements Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages. getnameinfo.3 mtk Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror(). getnetent.3 Petter Reinholdtsen s/endservent/endnetent/ As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316517 getspnam.3 Lars Wirzenius / mtk Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117 mtk, Claus Weber Miscellaneous wording improvements Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc. hsearch.3 Frederik Deweerdt Fix hsearch_r() prototype scanf.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Fix description of RETURN VALUE As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=317037 mtk various parts substantially rewritten; added description of %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation). shm_open.3 mtk Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new object are set. Various minor wording and formatting cleanups. elf.5 Mike Frysinger tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF' add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine fix indenting to be consistent tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros document the Elf_Dyn structure proc.5 mtk Updated discussion of /proc/stat. Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files. ip.7 Steven Murdoch Change protocol in UDP prototype. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635 tcp.7 Dov Murik The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense). It has been removed. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ==================== Released: 2005-07-19 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used consistently (no abbreviations) across all manual pages. Various pages mtk Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID" (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID", saved group ID", etc.) Various pages mtk Global fixes in textual descriptions: uid --> UID gid --> GID pid --> PID id --> ID Various pages mtk Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with explanatory text, instead of atime/ctime/mtime. Various pages mtk Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- setresuid.2 mtk Some rewording. stat.2 Mike Frysinger Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev. mtk Various wording and formatting improvements. truncate.2 mtk Some formatting fixes ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ==================== Released: 2005-09-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Alain PORTAL Andrew Pimlott Andries Brouwer Baurzhan Ismagulov Bernhard R. Link Bodo Stroesser David N. Welton Dov Murik Heikki Orsila Hasso Tepper Hrvoje Niksic Justin Pryzby Ludovic Courtes Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Norbert Buchmuller Paul Brook Ramiro Aceves Tommy Pettersson Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn" (not "RFC nnn" or "RFCnnn"). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- du.1 Mike Frysinger To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human", not "HUMAN". time.1 Mike Frysinger s/standard output/standard error/ clone.2 Paul Brook / mtk Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID connect.2 Heikki Orsila Add EINTR error See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254 getpriority.2 mtk Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel representations of the nice value. Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error. Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority(). getrlimit.2 mtk Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO Added description of RLIMIT_NICE mmap.2 mtk Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7. mremap.2 mtk Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype. Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE. Rewrote description of EAGAIN error. Added discussion of resizing of memory locks. Added entries to SEE ALSO. Some formatting fixes. msgctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions. nanosleep.2 Baurzhan Ismagulov Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=314435 nice.2 mtk Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described in getpriority.2. Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on RLIMIT_NICE. outb.2 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk Clarified the order of value and port arguments; As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263756 pause.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2 Some formatting fixes. poll.2 Tommy Pettersson nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=322934 mtk Some wording and formatting improvements. prctl.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2. rand.3 Hrvoje Niksic / mtk Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function. As per debian bug 328629 readv.2 mtk / Walter harms Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when vector size exceeds IOV_MAX. Formatting clean-ups. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downward. sched_setparam.2 mtk Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and resource limits. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO. semctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions. shmctl.2 mtk Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions. sigaction.2 mtk Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out into separate new pages. Other minor changes mtk NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in all kernels up to and including 2.6.13. See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2 List: linux-kernel Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong From: Bodo Stroesser Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06 signal.2 mtk Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2 sigpending.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Changed CONFORMING TO. sigprocmask.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument. Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL, and SIGSEGV. Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process. Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic. Changed CONFORMING TO. sigsuspend.2 mtk New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2 Added NOTES on usage. Added new text to DESCRIPTION. Changed CONFORMING TO. stat.2 Mike Frysinger Improve st_blocks description. carg.3 Ramiro Aceves / aeb Change: One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z)) to: One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=326720 cmsg.3 mtk s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name) dlopen.3 Alain Portal s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/ getaddrinfo.3 mtk Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior is all that SUSv3 requires). 1,$s/PF_/AF_/g Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED, and AI_NUMERICSERV. Some wording and formatting fixes. getpwnam.3 Bernhard R. Link / mtk Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and pointing out that applications should preferentially inspect HOME. inet.3 Mike Frysinger Mention "little endian" and "big endian". Added note about octal and hex interpretation of numbers-and-dots notation. rpc.3 mtk / Ludovic Courtes Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently have such a page in the man-pages set. In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=325115 setenv.3 mtk glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug. strnlen.3 Mike Frysinger Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype. initrd.4 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing the root device is obsolete, in favor of pivot root. (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually describe the pivot_root method...) As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=323621 proc.5 mtk Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files. Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13). Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13). More needs to be said about this file. Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted in part of the text of this page being duplicated. utmp.5 Mike Frysinger Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv. capabilities.7 mtk Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE. ip.7 mtk / Andrew Pimlott Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number. Reformat long source lines (no text changed). s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) Hasso Tepper Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL. signal.7 mtk Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2. socket.7 mtk Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED. tcp.7 mtk s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name) s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) udp.7 mtk Added description of UDP_CORK socket option. s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name) s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name) ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ==================== Released: 2005-10-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Peter Chubb Samuel Thibault Tomas Pospisek Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- ptsname.3 getpt.3 unlockpt.3 openpty.3 posix_openpt.3 grantpt.3 pts.4 tty_ioctl.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- pty.7 mtk Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 mtk Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). fcntl.2 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a file descriptor that is opened read-only. See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"): http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2 mprotect.2 mtk Add new text to ENOMEM error. mremap.2 mtk Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument under NOTES. Revised text of EINVAL error. read.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT mtk Added open(2) to SEE ALSO. shmget.2 mtk s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). write.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT atanh.3 mtk Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). fopen.3 mtk Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). getrpcent.3 mtk s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). stdio.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are BSDisms that don't appear in glibc. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174 strftime.3 mtk Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). nsswitch.conf.5 mtk s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). proc.5 mtk Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout. socket.7 mtk Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT. (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ==================== Released: 2005-10-19 Global changes -------------- The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to the following rules: -- Function name references should *always* be followed by parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section number). -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be formatted. Thus, for example, instead of: .B name() one should write: .BR name () Much of the change was automated using two scripts: add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh. For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'. NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL: -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.) -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules: some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided to help find remaining instances of function names without following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh. The following changes were made: -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections 2 and 3. -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7 (the only sections where such changes were required). -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand. (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ==================== Released: 2005-10-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain PORTAL Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has been removed where it occurred. Many minor formatting fixes were made. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getrlimit.2 mtk Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit(). path_resolution.2 mtk Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion. prctl.2 mtk Removed text saying there is no library interface. There is nowadays. mkfifo.3 mtk Minor change to RETURN VALUE text. sk98lin.4 Alain Portal Formatting fixes. capabilities.7 mtk Minor changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ==================== Released: 2005-10-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Andries Brouwer Brian M. Carlson herbert Martin Landers Michael Benedict Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mlock.2 mtk Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used. path_resolution.2 mtk / aeb Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well" since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while the effective UID is not. Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of it into capabilities.7 setresuid.2 mtk Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file system GID. shmget.2 mtk Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB. sigaltstack.2 mtk / Martin Landers Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel. byteorder.3 Brian M. Carlson / herbert Change to in prototype; add text explaining that some systems need the former header. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=265244 capabilities.7 mtk Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities. Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities". Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ==================== Released: 2005-11-03 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes. Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Various pages mtk Function and page cross references that were italicized were made bold (which is how the majority of function and page cross references were already done). Various pages mtk Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to "null-terminated string". Various pages mtk Pathnames, structures, arguments, and that were bold were changed to italics. Various pages mtk Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already formatted.) ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ==================== Released: 2005-11-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Angelo Avery Pennarun Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Stefan Brüns Volker Reichelt Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- rexec.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution. (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are the same.) See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336875 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- arch_prctl.2 mtk Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc. execve.2 mtk Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum of the bytes in both environment and argument list. fcntl.2 mtk Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases, noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption by signal handler, or termination by signal in lease breaker. In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037 stat.2 mtk / Stefan Brüns Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps. frexp.3 Volker Reichelt / mtk Fixed to point out that that frexp() returns a number whose *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example program to demonstrate this. open.2 mtk / Avery Pennarun Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases. In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037 putenv.3 mtk Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is what manual pages on many implementations also say). posix_memalign.3 mtk Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in . In fact, many declare it in . strtok.3 mtk Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out that the existing page was deficient. sd.4 Martin Schulze Remove SEE ALSO for nonexistent scsi.4. proc.5 mtk Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max. signal.7 mtk Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO. ld.so.8 mtk Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ==================== Released: 2005-11-30 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer James Vega Malcolm Scott Senthil Kumar Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- sigvec.3 -- for details, see below. sigset.3 -- for details, see below. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- kill.2 mtk Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred when sending signals to a process group. sigaction.2 mtk Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux. sigpending.2 mtk Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed in glibc versions <= 2.2.1. sigpause.2 mtk Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below. sigsetops.3 mtk Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(), sigandset(), and sigorset(). sigvec.2 sigblock.2 mtk These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API. siggetmask.2 sigmask.2 sigsetmask.2 mtk These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3: sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3. sigvec.3 mtk This new page is provides a fuller description of the BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2 and sigblock.2. sigblock.3 siggetmask.3 sigmask.3 sigsetmask.3 mtk Created as links to sigvec.3. sigpause.3 mtk Moved here from Section 2. Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of X/Open flavor of this function. sigset.3 mtk New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(), sigrelse(), sigignore(). strftime.3 James Vega Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in glibc2. mtk Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width' components of conversion specifiers. Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3. Added an example program. vm86old.2 mtk / aeb Add as new link to vm86.2. intro.7 mtk Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section 7 pages provide overviews of various topics. signal.7 mtk Added some SEE ALSO entries. socket.7 Senthil Kumar / mtk Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT. udp.7 Malcolm Scott s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=340927 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ==================== Released: 2005-12-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alan Stern Andries Brouwer Urs Thuermann Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP Urs Thuermann Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package. poll.2 mtk Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other implementations. shmop.2 Alan Stern The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)". strftime.3 aeb Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment in page). ip.7 Urs Thuermann Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/ packet.7 Urs Thuermann Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET% ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ==================== Released: 2005-12-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Michael Haardt Urs Thuermann Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- fmemopen.3 Walter Harms / mtk New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page. pipe.7 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by Michael Haardt) New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages. fork.2 mtk Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2. pipe.2 mtk Added an example program. Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page. wait.2 mtk Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid(). carg.3 Justin Pryzby Delete line that should have been deleted when applying 2.08 fix for this page. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically. inet.3 mtk Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required to expose declaration of inet_aton(). open_memstream.3 mtk New link to new fmemopen.3. fifo.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page. environ.5 mtk Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common. socket.7 Urs Thuermann Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP. tcp.7 mtk Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK. udp.7 mtk Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ==================== Released: 2005-12-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Justin Pryzby Karsten Sperling Martin (Joey) Schulze Mike Frysinger Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Added mention of AF_INET6 address family. Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the Unix domain. recv.2 mtk Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order. send.2 mtk Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK in udp(7). Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order. err.3 mtk Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are non-standard BSDisms. errno.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867 gethostbyname.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references to resolv+(8). See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308397 perror.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3 . http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867 resolver.3 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to resolv.conf(5). See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=214892 Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5); see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=251122 strerror.3 mtk / Stefan Puiu Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavors of strerror_r(), and added some additional information on strerror(). Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO for err.3, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867 elf.5 Mike Frysinger Fix three typos in identifier names. operator.7 Karsten Sperling The + operator should be in the list of unary operators. raw.7 mtk Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere. Reformatted some long lines. socket.7 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. Reformatted some long lines. Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF. Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF. udp.7 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT. unix.7 mtk Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE. Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for Unix domain sockets. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ==================== Released: 2005-12-23 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Walter Harms Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Minor changes. bind.2 Stefan Puiu / mtk Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future: see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behavior has been unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change. Add EADDRINUSE to errors. send.2 aeb Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO. fopen.3 Walter Harms / mtk Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open). pipe.7 mtk / aeb Some wording changes to description of pipes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ==================== Released: 2006-01-03 Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sigaltstack.2 mtk Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which sigaltstack() is employed. getloadavg.3 mtk Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2. strcpy.3 mtk s/nulls/null bytes/ capabilities.7 mtk Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11. arp.7 icmp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 netdevice.7 packet.7 raw.7 rtnetlink.7 socket.7 tcp.7 unix.7 udp.7 mtk The only changes to these pages have been for formatting: -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70 character lines. No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ==================== Released: 2006-01-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Falk Hueffner Mike Frysinger Senthil Kumar Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- dd.1 cp.1 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5 charsets.7 unix.7 mtk Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character). To rectify this the following changes were made in the above pages: Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'. Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'. Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'. Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'. Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'. Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'. Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'. Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'. Various pages mtk Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 mtk Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged capset() with 'pid' field == getpid(). epoll_ctl.2 mtk Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2. gethostname.2 mtk Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's gethostname() wrapper function. mmap.2 mtk / Mike Frysinger Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3). mtk A few other small rewordings. mmap64.3 Mike Frysinger New link to mmap.2. open.2 mtk Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose. recv.2 Stefan Puiu Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT. dlopen.3 mtk Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument; added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE, and RTLD_DEEPBIND. Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is automatically called when a library is unloaded. fmemopen.3 mtk Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL. fseeko.3 Mike Frysinger Add RETURN VALUE section. getopt.3 mtk Noted historical use of to declare getopt(). qsort.3 mtk / Falk Hueffner Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar' function by providing an example. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348072 proc.5 mtk Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15. Documented /proc/PID/task. Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task} are not available if the main thread has terminated. Senthil Kumar Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under /proc/sys/kernel/random. udp.7 Stefan Puiu / mtk Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT (add cross-ref to socket(7)). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ==================== Released: 2006-02-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andre Noll Andries Brouwer Colin Tuckley Stefan Puiu Thomas Hood Thorsten Kukuk Walter Harms Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mmap.2 aeb / mtk Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS. Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS. rt_sigreturn.2 Thorsten Kukuk New link to sigreturn.2. rt_sigsuspend.2 mtk New link to sigsuspend.2. waitid.2 mtk Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on most other implementations. getopt.3 Walter harms / mtk Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL. openpty.3 Thomas Hood / mtk In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys. qsort.3 mtk Small rewording under EXAMPLES. strtol.3 strtoul.3 Stefan Puiu s/string must begin/string may begin/ proc.5 mtk Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify: max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ==================== Released: 2006-02-10 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Britton Leo Kerin Dan Jacobson Justin Pryzby Luc Van Oostenryck Kurt Wall Martin (Joey) Schulze Matthias Andree Robert Love Samuel Thibault Urs Thuermann Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- inotify_init.2 inotify_add_watch.2 inotify_rm_watch.2 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk. New pages describing the inotify API. mbind.2 get_mempolicy.2 set_mempolicy.2 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API. Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa. rtc.4 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk New page describing the real-time clock driver. inotify.7 mtk Overview of the inotify API. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Andi Kleen On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall, but directly through "int $0x80". fcntl.2 mtk Small wording changes. Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify. kill.2 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin Small wording change under NOTES to clarify what happens when a process sends a signal to itself. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350236 mlock.2 mtk / Matthias Andree Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and RLIMIT_MEMLOCK. See the following LKML thread: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK" msgop.2 mtk / Samuel Thibault Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350884 Various other wording fixes. open.2 mtk Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and "file status flags". read.2 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO for pread(2). As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351873 sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Major rewrite. select.2 mtk Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(), FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET(). Other minor wording changes. read.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2). (Analogous with read.2 change above.) errno.3 Kurt Wall / mtk Add Linux specific errors to this page. localeconv.3 mtk Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn. Other minor wording changes. Martin (Joey) Schulze Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831 scanf.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Minor formatting & wording fixes. setlocale.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831 proc.5 mtk Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page. ascii.7 Dan Jacobson / mtk Add text describing characters 001 to 037. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=342173 locale.7 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ==================== Released: 2006-02-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Joerg Habenicht Luc Van Oostenryck Mike Frysinger Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- get_kernel_syms.2 create_module.2 delete_module.2 init_module.2 query_module.2 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck) man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6. Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of clean-ups and minor additions. Global changes -------------- various pages mtk Change "file name" to "filename" Change "path name" to "pathname" stpncpy.3 strstr.3 strcmp.3 toupper.3 strlen.3 stpcpy.3 puts.3 strdup.3 strtok.3 isalpha.3 strspn.3 gets.3 strpbrk.3 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351996 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text. Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag. Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified. fcntl.2 mtk Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files. inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Minor wording fix. msgop.2 mtk Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv(). fnmatch.3 Mike Frysinger / mtk Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME. lockf.3 Joerg Habenicht / mtk Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ==================== Released: 2006-03-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: James Peach Krzysztof Benedyczak Marten von Gagern Michael Haardt Michael Wronksi Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- mq_close.3 mq_getattr.3 mq_notify.3 mq_open.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 mq_unlink.3 mtk New pages describing POSIX message queue API. posix_fallocate.3 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach New page describing posix_fallocate(). mq_overview.7 mtk New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- lseek.2 Michael Haardt Add a case to the EINVAL error text. mtk Various minor wording fixes Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype. Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3. proc.5 mtk Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page. inotify.7 Marten von Gagern Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ==================== Released: 2006-03-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Christoph Lameter Hasso Tepper Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Nicolas François Paul Brook Siward de Groot Steve Beattie Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- clone.2 getdents.2 gettid.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)). Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.) New pages --------- openat.2 mtk New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16, and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls. mbind.2 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions, from numactl-0.9.2 man page. Plus a few other smaller fixes. fexecve.3 mtk New page describing fexecve(3). futimes.3 mtk New page describing futimes(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3. intro.2 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall. msgctl.2 msgget.2 msgop.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7. open.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2. Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate NOTES section. Modified wording referring to raw(8) to indicate that this interface is deprecated. poll.2 mtk Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16. ppoll.2 mtk New link to poll.2. recvmsg.2 sendmsg.2 mtk / Paul Brook Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=356502 and the associated glibc bug report. http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448 mtk Various formatting fixes. select.2 mtk Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes. pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600". tempnam.3 Justin Pryzby Clean up description of EEXIST error. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=357893 unlink.2 mtk Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM. utime.2 mtk Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page. exec.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3. shm_unlink.3 mtk New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page was originally written). swab.3 Walter Harms Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE". undocumented.3 mtk Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented. capabilities.7 mtk Various changes to bring this page closer to current kernel versions. inotify.7 mtk Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support for inotify. mq_overview.7 mtk Some rewording and added a few words about System V message queues. netlink.7 Hasso Tepper Substantial updates to various parts of this page. mtk, Alain Portal Minor fixes pthreads.7 mtk Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16. raw.7 Hasso Tepper Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL prevent datagrams from being fragmented. socket.7 mtk Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options, new in 2.6.14. Placed socket options in alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ==================== Released: 2006-03-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Charles P. Wright Christoph Lameter Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Daniel Jacobowitz Ingo Molnar Heiko Carstens Janak Desai Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- man7/* mtk Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.) New pages --------- unshare.2 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 fork.2 vfork.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2. mbind.2 Christoph Lameter MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE. mremap.2 mtk Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed by glibc since version 2.4. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz, Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright; after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens. Document the following ptrace requests: PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6) plus associated flags: PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6) PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46) PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60) PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60) PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6) PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6) PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46) PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14) PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14) sched_get_priority_max.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_setparam.2 mtk, Ingo Molnar Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16. Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2, and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy. Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes. proc.5 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16. mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14. Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14. capabilities.7 mtk Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL). pthreads.7 mtk Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behavior with respect to the alternate signal stack. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ==================== Released: 2006-03-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Blokhin Greg Johnson Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- sem_post.3 sem_getvalue.3 sem_close.3 sem_open.3 sem_destroy.3 sem_wait.3 sem_unlink.3 sem_init.3 sem_overview.7 mtk New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API. These pages supersede and provide a superset of the information in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ppoll.2 Aleksandr Blokhin Fix broken link. ptrace.2 mtk Wrapped long lines (no content changes). semctl.2 semget.2 semop.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page. elf.5 Greg Johnson Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent core(5). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ==================== Released: 2006-04-06 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Michael Haardt Roberto Jimenoca Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- getrlimit.2 prctl.2 sigaction.2 elf.5 signal.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page. New pages --------- mkdirat.2 mtk New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16. mknodat.2 mtk New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16. core.5 mtk New page describing core dump files. mkfifoat.3 mtk New page describing mkfifoat(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 getpeername.2 getsockname.2 Michael Haardt / mtk Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0. fcntl.2 mtk Expanded discussion of mandatory locking. getrlimit.2 mtk Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit of zero seconds. See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2 mkdir.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2. mknod.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2. open.2 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=360243 openat.2 mtk Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat(). Various other minor changes. recv.2 Stefan Puiu Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2. shmop.2 mtk Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary. unshare.2 mtk Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits with a consequent EINVAL error. mkfifo.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3. proc.5 mtk Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has been migrated to the new core.5 page. ip.7 Stefan Puiu Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4). sem_overview.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ==================== Released: 2006-04-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Lehovich Andries Brouwer Karel Kulhavy Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- linkat.2 mtk New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 renameat.2 mtk New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 symlinkat.2 mtk New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 unlinkat.2 mtk New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- link.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page. openat.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages. rename.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page. rmdir.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page. symlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page. unlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page. termios.3 mtk / Karel Kulhavy Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags. Karel Kulhavy Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text. Karel Kulhavy / mtk Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux. mtk Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed(). Various formatting changes. full.4 Andre Lehovich Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4). core.5 aeb / mtk Rework text describing circumstances in which core dump files are not produced. mtk / Stefan Puiu A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the PID in the core filename. mtk / Stefan Puiu Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ==================== Released: 2006-05-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Joshua Kwan Justin Pryzby Karel Kulhavy Mark Glines Martin (Joey) Schulze Nishanth Aravamudan Reuben Thomas Ryan S. Arnold Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Page renamings -------------- The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various other pages have been adjusted. epoll.4 fifo.4 futex.4 complex.5 environ.5 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect* 'environ' to be in Section 7.) ipc.5 renamed to svipc.7 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid; eventually these links will be removed. New pages --------- fstatat.2 mtk New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16. adjtime.3 mtk New page for adjtime(3). error.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page describing error() and error_at_line() Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=186307 program_invocation_name.3 mtk New page describing program_invocation_name and program_invocation_short_name variables. sockatmark.3 mtk New page for sockatmark(3). ftm.7 mtk New page describing feature test macros. time.7 mtk New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems. Global changes -------------- getgroups.2 wait4.2 chown.2 chdir.2 gettimeofday.2 initgroups.3 dirfd.3 mtk Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE feature test macro. times.2 time.2 gettimeofday.2 getitimer.2 nanosleep.2 ctime.3 rtc.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7. err.3 errno.3 perror.3 strerror.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3. getdate.3 printf.3 scanf.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 Mark Glines Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket type does not support accept()ing connections. adjtimex.2 mtk Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3 page. fsync.2 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for, fsync(2) and fdatasync(2). getitimer.2 mtk Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds. Added text to note that current incorrect behavior of normalizing tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future kernel; applications should be fixed now. gettimeofday.2 Karel Kulhavy Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should normally be NULL. mtk Various other minor edits and formatting fixes. mount.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable on a per-mount basis. Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT. nanosleep.2 mtk / Karel Kulhavy Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion. openat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2. program_invocation_short_name.3 mtk New link to new program_invocation_name.3. recv.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3. rmdir.2 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Correct wording of EBUSY case. mtk Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error select.2 Karel Kulhavy Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL. mtk / Karel Kulhavy Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select(). mtk Various other minor edits and formatting fixes. semget.2 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores in a new set are indeterminate. shmget.2 mtk Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero values. sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for. stat.2 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most /proc files. mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2. syscall.2 Justin Pryzby / mtk Remove bogus BUGS text. utime.2 mtk Various minor changes. confstr.3 mtk Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion. Updated CONFORMING TO. Removed BUGS. ctanh.3 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk Fix errors in DESCRIPTION. ctime.3 mtk The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61). error_at_line.3 error_message_count.3 error_on_per_line.3 error_print_progname.3 mtk New links to new error.3. fmemopen.3 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an fmemopen() stream. getline.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=364772 strtod.3 strtoul.3 mtk Describe correct handling of errno in order to distinguish error from success after the call. Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3). strtol.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Add an example program. mtk Describe correct handling or errno in order to distinguish error from success after the call. tmpfile.3 Reuben Thomas DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name" just "temporary file", since the name is in any case unavailable to the user. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=363518 mtk In DESCRIPTION: Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/ to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/ since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination. ip.7 Karel Kulhavy / mtk Various wording improvements and clarifications. signal.7 mtk / Ulrich Drepper Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide, shared by all threads. mtk Add text on changing signal dispositions. Add text on "signal mask and pending signals". Other minor edits. time.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3. ld.so.8 Justin Pryzby Remove bogus duplicate line. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ==================== Released: 2006-05-13 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Johannes Weiner Justin Pryzby Karel Kulhavy Paul Brook Pavel Heimlich Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- faccessat.2 mtk New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16. fchmodat.2 mtk New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16. fchownat.2 mtk New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16. futimesat.2 mtk New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page. capget.2 mtk Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread. chmod.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page. chown.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page. mmap.2 mtk Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings. Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory in proc.5. openat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2, fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages. shmget.2 mtk Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15. truncate.2 Paul Brook / mtk Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if asked to extend a file beyond its current length. Add EPERM error. utime.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page. fopen.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Document 'm' (mmap) flag. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=365754 mtk Document 'c' (notcancel) flag. futimes.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page. qsort.3 Johannes Weiner Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE. mtk Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE. termios.3 Karel Kulhavy Clarify meaning of IXANY. Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME. mtk Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented on Linux. Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and "XSI". capabilities.7 mtk Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread. Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by CAP_SYS_NICE. Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by CAP_SYS_ADMIN. Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages(). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ==================== Released: 2006-05-23 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Justin Pryzby Martin Osvald" Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! Page renamings -------------- ftm.7 mtk / Stefan Puiu renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7 New pages --------- mq_getsetattr.2 mtk New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3). rpmatch.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page for rpmatch(3). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chmod.2 mtk Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC. POSIX does now document ELOOP. open.2 mtk Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC. mmap.2 Justin Pryzby Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367401 msync.2 Justin Pryzby Note that EINVAL can also be caused by flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section. select.2 mtk Various minor changes. select_tut.2 mtk Removed much material that is redundant with select.2. Various other changes. umask.2 mtk Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'. CPU_ISSET.3 CPU_CLR.3 CPU_SET.3 CPU_ZERO.3 mtk New links to sched_setaffinity.2 FD_CLR.3 FD_ISSET.3 FD_SET.3 FD_ZERO.3 mtk New links to select.2. fts.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE also referring to ftw.3. ftw.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE also referring to fts.3. getline.3 Justin Pryzby Various minor clarifications. mkstemp.3 mtk Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag. mq_open.3 Martin Osvald Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'. mq_notify.3 Martin Osvald s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/ mq_setattr.3 mtk New link to mq_getattr.3. mq_timedreceive.3 mtk New link to mq_receive.3. mq_timedsend.3 mtk New link to mq_send.3. setlocale.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3. sigandset.3 sigisemptyset.3 sigorset.3 mtk New links to sigsetops.3. stdio.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667 strchr.3 Justin Pryzby Add description of strchrnul(). strchrnul.3 mtk New link to strchr.3. undocumented.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and therefore don't need to be documented. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367671 unlocked_stdio.3 Justin Pryzby Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667 mq_overview.7 mtk Added section describing relationship between library interfaces and system calls. Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2. feature_test_macros.7 Stefan Puiu Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.34 ==================== Released: 2006-06-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho bert hubert Chris Curtis Eduardo Madeira Fleury Joerg Scheurich Justin Pryzby Kenichi Okuyama Marc Lehmann Martin (Joey) Schulze Mats Wichmann Mike Frysinger Peter Eiserloh Stefan Puiu Thomas Dickey Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 mtk, Joey Added header comment noting that these pages are in the public domain. bindresvport.3 getrpcent.3 getrpcport.3 rpc.3 xdr.3 rpc.5 mtk, aeb, Joey Added following to top of these pages to clarify origin and license: .\" This page was taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license) New pages --------- ioprio_set.2 Eduardo Madeira Fleury, with edits by mtk, and review by Jens Axboe New page for ioprio_get(2) and ioprio_set(2), new in 2.6.13. offsetof.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk New page describing offsetof() macro. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to exit_group.2. acct.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to acct.5. fcntl.2 mtk Explicitly mention term "dnotify" in discussion of F_NOTIFY. inotify_add_watch.2 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk s/// in prototypes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960 mtk Renamed argument from 'path' to 'pathname'. Reword introductory paragraph to clarify that inotify_add_watch() may also modify an existing watch item. mtk The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify file descriptor. mtk Moved BUGS section from this page to inotify.7. inotify_init.2 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk s/// in prototypes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960 inotify_rm_watch.2 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk s/// in prototypes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960 mtk The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify file descriptor. ioprio_get.2 mtk New link to new ioprio_set.2. mmap.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to remap_file_pages.2. mount.2 Kenichi Okuyama s/MNT_FORCE/MNT_EXPIRE/ under EINVAL error. mremap.2 Mike Frysinger s/unsigned long flags/int flags/ in SYNOPSIS. pipe.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to popen.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to readahead.2. read.2 mtk SEE ALSO for readv should refer to Section 2, not 3. readahead.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to posix_fadvise.2. send.2 Peter Eiserloh Fix missing arguments in statement about equivalent send() and sendto() calls. setsid.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to tcgetsid.3. shmctl.2 mtk Minor wording change at start of DESCRIPTION. stat.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to access.2. statfs.2 mtk Relocated "Note" about f_fsid. write.2 mtk SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3. __setfpucw.3 mtk, Joey Added license statement (GPL) after consultation with Joerg Scheurich. assert_perror.3 Justin Pryzby Add #define _GNU_SOURCE to prototype difftime.3 Joey Added note about time_t representation on other systems. Added CONFORMING TO. ftw.3 Justin Pryzby / mtk A fairly major revision... Document FTW_ACTIONRETVAL; include .SH "RETURN VALUE"; Reorganized and rewrote much of the page Added an example program. inet.3 Marc Lehmann Fixed typo in NOTES. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=370277 isalpha.3 Joey Updated CONFORMING TO. mktemp.3 mtk Updated CONFORMING TO. printf.3 Walter Harms Add documentation of %m. readdir.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to ftw.3. re_comp.3 mtk Note that these functions are obsolete in favor of regcomp(3). Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO referring to regcomp.3 scandir.3 Mats Wichmann Reworded CONFORMING TO statement on scandir() and alphasort(). strchr.3 Stefan Puiu Fix prototype for strchrnul(). strtoul.3 Stefan Puiu Add text clarifying treatment of strings starting with minus sign. tmpnam.3 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL). mtk Clarify discussion of use of free(3). Various other minor changes to text and formatting. tmpfile.3 mtk Updated CONFORMING TO. tmpnam.3 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL). Updated CONFORMING TO. undocumented.3 mtk Remove offsetof(), which is now documented. null.4 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to full.4. console_codes.4 Thomas Dickey Various improvements and corrections. epoll.7 mtk Added CONFORMING TO section mentioning FreeBSD kqueue and Solaris /dev/poll. feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added pointer to location of LFS specification. futex.7 mtk, after suggestion by Joey. Added license statement to page, after discussion with original author, bert hubert. mtk Reformat long lines; no content changes. inotify.7 mtk 'path' argument renamed to 'pathname'. A few minor rewordings. Added BUGS section describing a couple of bugs. ip.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to byteorder.3. man.7 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO referring to groff_man(7). http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369253 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.35 ==================== Released: 2006-07-06 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andrew Morton Bauke Jan Douma Davide Libenzi Denis Barbier Horacio Rodriguez Montero Johan Lithander Justin Pryzby Mike Frysinger Stefan Puiu Thorsten Kukuk Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- sync_file_range.2 Andrew Morton / mtk New page for sync_file_range(2), new in kernel 2.6.17. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- adjtime.3 mtk Noted BUG that occurs if 'delta' is specified as NULL. See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761 bind.2 Stefan Puiu Add EADDRNOTAVAIL error. Stefan Puiu / mtk Make example code more complete. epoll_ctl.2 mtk / Davide Libenzi Added EPOLLRDHUP description. mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to poll.2. poll.2 mtk / Davide Libenzi Added POLLRDHUP description. mtk The correct header file is , not . Rewrote and reformatted various other parts. readlink.2 mtk Nowadays, readlink() returns 'ssize_t', as required in POSIX.1-2001. wavelan.4 mtk Added license statement. nscd.conf.5 Thorsten Kukuk Add documentation for various new fields. passwd.5 Horacio Rodriguez Montero Add explanation of 'x' character in 'password' field. mtk The proper name of "*" is "asterisk" not "star". tcp.7 Johan Lithander Update RFC reference for ECN. Andi Kleen Add sentence on "low memory" limit for tcp_mem on 32-bit systems. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.36 ==================== Released: 2006-07-11 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Jens Axboe Justin Pryzby Kyle McMartin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- MAINTAINING mtk How to maintain man-pages. TODO mtk Things that it would be nice to get done for man-pages one day. scripts/FIXME_list.sh mtk This script, intended for use by manual page maintainers, displays the FIXMEs in the manual page source files. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fdatasync.2 fsync.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to sync_file_range.2. sendfile.2 mtk / Jens Axboe Fix description of 'offset' argument to explain the case where 'offset' is NULL. ferror.3 Justin Pryzby Add SEE ALSO referring to fdopen.3. intro.3 mtk Removed information about Section 3 subsections -- it doesn't reflect current reality, and probably never has. Added SEE ALSO referring to intro.2. tcp.7 Kyle McMartin Correction: tcp_window_scaling is ENabled by default. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.37 ==================== Released: 2006-08-02 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Dean Gaudet Frank van Viegen Helmut Grohne Ivana Varekova Thomas Huriaux Ville Skyttä Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Thomas Huriaux / mtk Various formatting problems found as a result of reviewing the following command were fixed. for a in $(wc -l man?/*.?| awk '$1 > 2 {print $2}' | grep -v total); do echo $a; groff -Tascii -wmac -mman $a > /dev/null; done 2>&1 | less See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378544 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- readlinkat.2 mtk (after prompting from Ivana Varekova) New page for readlinkat(2), new in kernel 2.6.16. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 Ville Skyttä Document "-u" option. chdir.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on current working directory. chroot.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on root directory. epoll_ctl.2 Frank van Viegen / mtk Fix description of EBADF error. exevce.2 mtk Add text noting that effective IDs are copied to saved set-IDs during execve(). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379297 getitimer.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on interval timers. getrlimit.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on resource limits. getpriority.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve(). inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Some rewording; included text describing required file permissions. intro.2 mtk Revised description of standards under CONFORMING TO. makecontext.3 Helmut Grohne / mtk Point out that args following 'argc' are int. mtk Added an example program. Various minor wording fixes. mmap.2 mtk Expand description of MAP_POPULATE. mtk, after prompting by Dean Gaudet Expand description MAP_NONBLOCK. mtk Various minor formatting fixes. openat.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2. nanosleep.2 mtk Noted buggy behavior in Linux 2.4 and earlier when nanosleep() is restarted after receiving stop+SIGCONT signals. nice.2 mtk Very minor rewording. readlink.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Noted preservation of scheduling parameters across execve(). setpgid.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on process group ID. setsid.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on session ID. umask.2 mtk Noted effect of fork() and execve() on umask. atexit.3 mtk Noted inheritance of registrations across fork(). capabilities.7 mtk Added material on privileges required for move_pages(). CLONE_NEWNS needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN. keyctl(KEYCTL_CHOWN) and keyctl(KEYCTL_SETPERM) require CAP_SYS_ADMIN. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.38 ==================== Released: 2006-08-03 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Most pages mtk There was a major reworking of the CONFORMING TO sections in most manual pages. * generally try to rationalize the names used for standards. The preferred names are now documented as the head words of the list in standards(7). For the future: there is probably no need to talk about anything more than C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001 (or later), xBSD, and SVr4. (In particular, I've eliminated most references to XPG and SVID, replacing them with references to SUS or SVr4.) * eliminate discussion of errors that can occur on other systems. This information exists only patchily in the manual pages, is probably of limited use, is hard to maintain, and was in some cases simply wrong (and probably always was). * Tried to ensure that those interfaces specified in C99 or POSIX.1-2001 are marked as such in their manual pages. intro.1 intro.2 intro.3 intro.4 intro.5 intro.7 feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new standards.7. Various pages mtk Changed instances of "HP UX" to "HP-UX". Various pages mtk Changed instances of "DG-UX to "DG/UX" Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- standards.7 mtk Based on material taken from intro.2, but expanded to include discussion of many additional standards. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Minor wording change for ENOTSOCK error. intro.2 mtk Removed information on standards to new standards.7. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.39 ==================== Released: 2006-08-05 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Updated CONFORMING TO and/or standards references in various pages that were missed for 2.38. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chdir.2 mtk _XOPEN_SOURCE=500 also gets fchdir() prototype. standards.7 mtk Added a few more standards, and expand some explanations. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.40 ==================== Released: 2006-09-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Christoph Hellwig Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Samuel Thibault Toralf Förster Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 mtk (after a note by Alain Portal) Make naming of 'pathname' argument consistent; various minor rewordings. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Reinstate text on CLONE_DETACHED, and add a few words. execve.2 mtk Added list of process attributes that are not preserved on exec(). fork.2 mtk, after a suggestion by Christoph Hellwig Greatly expanded, to describe all attributes that differ in parent and child. linkat.2 mtk Document AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW (new in 2.6.18). set_mempolicy.2 mtk / Andi Kleen Memory policy is preserved across execve(). write.2 mtk / Alain Portal SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3. (i.e., really make the change that was logged in 2.34) getcwd.3 Samuel Thibault / mtk Fix SYNOPSIS and CONFORMING TO text for getwd() and get_current_dir(). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=381692 proc.5 Chuck Ebbert Document /proc/PID/auxv. capabilities.7 Alain Portal Restore text accidentally deleted in 2.39. regex.7 mtk / Alain Portal Change references to "1003.2" to "POSIX.2". ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.41 ==================== Released: 2006-10-12 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Andries Brouwer Andrew Morton Britton Leo Kerin Dan Jacobson Guillem Jover Hrvoje Niksic Jens Axboe Justin Pryzby Kevin Ryde Marcel Holtmann Senthil Kumar Stefan Puiu Stuart MacDonald Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- splice.2 tee.2 vmsplice.2 Jens Axboe / Michael Kerrisk See also: http://lwn.net/Articles/118760/ http://lwn.net/Articles/178199/ http://lwn.net/Articles/179492/ http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505 http://lwn.net/Articles/179434/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 Stefan Puiu Note glibc version where "ldd -u" appeared. execve.2 mtk The PR_SET_NAME setting is not preserved across an execve(). fork.2 mtk Mappings marked with madvise(MADV_DONTFORK) are not inherited by child. getdtablesize.2 mtk Noted that sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) is preferred in portable applications. getpagesize.2 mtk Noted that sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) is preferred in portable applications. _SC_PAGE_SIZE is available on most systems. madvise.2 mtk Document MADV_REMOVE, new in 2.6.16. Document MADV_DONTFORK / MADV_DOFORK, new in 2.6.16. mount.2 mtk / Trond Myklebust MNT_FORCE can cause data loss. mmap.2 mtk Added note on Linux's old (pre-2.6.12) buggy treatment of length==0. Justin Pryzby / mtk Added some EINVAL errors. mremap.2 mtk Remove superfluous "#include " from SYNOPSIS. msync.2 mtk Added EBUSY error for case where MS_INVALIDATE is applied to a locked region. posix_fadvise.2 Andrew Morton Since 2.6.18, POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE is a no-op. prctl.2 Marcel Holtmann / mtk Since kernel 2.6.18, setting 2 for PR_SET_DUMPABLE is no longer possible. Guillem Jover Updated Linux versions where the options where introduced. Added PR_SET_TIMING, PR_GET_TIMING, PR_SET_NAME, PR_GET_NAME, PR_SET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_SET_FPEMU, PR_GET_FPEMU, PR_SET_FPEXC, PR_GET_FPEXC. Michael Kerrisk Document PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS. sync_file_range.2 mtk Noted that sync_file_range() appeared in kernel 2.6.17. vfork.2 mtk Noted interactions with fork handlers in multithreaded programs. wait4.2 mtk Added feature test macros to SYNOPSIS. clog2.3 mtk / aeb / Kevin Ryde Fix broken text in description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214 clog10.3 Kevin Ryde Fix broken text in description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214 mq_receive.3 Britton Leo Kerin Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; should be "ssize_t" not "mqd_t". See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=387551 qsort.2 Hrvoje Niksic Fix wording referring to the use of strcmp() in 'compar' function. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=391402 sendfile.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new splice.2 page. termios.3 mtk Documented IUTF8 (which was new in kernel 2.6.4). tzset.3 mtk Added some TZ examples. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386087 proc.5 mtk Added delayacct_blkio_ticks (new in 2.6.18) to /proc/PID/statm. ip.7 Stuart MacDonald / Andi Kleen Fix discussion for TCP error queue /IP_RECVERR on TCP. pthreads.7 mtk Noted effect of RLIMIT_STACK resource limit for NPTL. socket.7 Senthil Kumar Place socket options in alphabetical order. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.42 ==================== Released: 2006-11-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andrew Morton Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Doug Goldstein Eduard Bloch Evan Teran Pavel Heimlich Petr Baudis Randy Dunlap Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- brk.2 Evan Teran / mtk Add text describing behavior of the Linux brk() system call and point out that the glibc brk() wrapper provides different behavior. mtk Note that sbrk() is implemented as a library function in glibc that calls the brk() system call. futex.2 mtk FUTEX_FD is scheduled for removal in June 2007. getaddrinfo.3 getnameinfo.3 Ulrich Drepper, with edits by mtk Add text describing Internationalized Domain Name extensions. open.2 mtk / Eduard Bloch Fix description of O_LARGEFILE to mention required feature test macros. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available for PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKDONE. syslog.3 Doug Goldstein Fix header file required for vsyslog() in SYNOPSIS. wcwidth.3 Petr Baudis Fix CONFORMING TO. core.5 mtk Linux 2.4.21 added core_pattern (which was already in 2.6). Noted a few more reasons why a core dump file might not be produced. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.43 ==================== Released: 2006-11-29 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen David Brownell Eduard Bloch Egmont Koblinger Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ioperm.2 mtk Clarify discussion of privilege requirements. Added ENOMEM to ERRORS. open.2 mtk / Eduard Bloch Clarify description of O_LARGEFILE. crypt.3 Egmont Koblinger Make description of MD5 output string less ambiguous. strerror.3 Reuben Thomas Add C99 to CONFORMING TO; see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400634 rtc.4 David Brownell Update the RTC man page to reflect the new RTC class framework: - Generalize ... it's not just for PC/AT style RTCs, and there may be more than one RTC per system. - Not all RTCs expose the same feature set as PC/AT ones; most of these ioctls will be rejected by some RTCs. - Be explicit about when {A,P}IE_{ON,OFF} calls are needed. - Describe the parameter to the get/set epoch request; correct the description of the get/set frequency parameter. - Document RTC_WKALM_{RD,SET}, which don't need AIE_{ON,OFF} and which support longer alarm periods. - Hey, not all system clock implementations count timer irqs any more now that the new RT-derived clock support is merging. proc.5 mtk s/fseek(3)/lseek(2)/ under /proc/PID/mem entry. feature_test_macros.7 mtk / Eduard Bloch The LFS spec is now at http://opengroup.org/platform/lfs.html raw.7 udp.7 Andi Kleen Describe the correct default for UDP/RAW path MTU discovery. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.44 ==================== Released: 2007-04-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Majorel Benjamin Gilbert Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Ivana Varekova Jakub Jelinek John Ward Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto Julien Blache Julien Cristau Justin Pryzby Martín Ferrari Mike Frysinger Nick Piggin Nick Pollitt Nicolas François Pádraig Brady Premysl Hruby Reuben Thomas Samuel Thibault Serge E. Hallyn Thomas Huriaux Timo Sirainen Val Henson Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- termio.7 mtk, after a bit of prodding by Reuben Thomas A brief discussion of the old System V termio interface, with pointers to pages that will contain the information that the reader probably wants. scripts/find_repeated_words.sh mtk Find consecutive duplicate words in a man page, some of which may be grammar errors. Global changes -------------- Various pages Justin Pryzby / mtk Add "#define _ATFILE_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS in following pages: faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 unlinkat.2 mkfifoat.3 Various pages mtk Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems. Various pages mtk, after a suggestion by Reuben Thomas Updated various header pages to accurately reflect which functions are and are not part of C89. Also fixed/improved a few other CONFORMING TO entries. Various pages mtk s/Unices/Unix systems/ on the 5 pages where it appears. Various pages mtk Wrapped long source lines in the following files getsockopt.2 mknodat.2 io_setup.2 select_tut.2 select.2 readlinkat.2 io_cancel.2 syslog.2 wcsncat.3 getipnodebyname.3 cmsg.3 wcpncpy.3 wcsrtombs.3 wcstok.3 fgetwc.3 wmemcmp.3 wcsspn.3 div.3 modf.3 stdio_ext.3 ctermid.3 des_crypt.3 wcsncmp.3 wmemchr.3 wcsstr.3 wmemcpy.3 wprintf.3 wcsnrtombs.3 termios.3 erf.3 ceil.3 lround.3 nextafter.3 wcsncpy.3 wmemset.3 getw.3 console_ioctl.4 sk98lin.4 environ.7 unix.7 time.7 Various pages mtk Added a SEE ALSO reference for feature_test_macros(7) to all pages where a feature test macro appears in the SYNOPSIS. Various pages mtk Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to time.7 alarm.2 nanosleep.2 ualarm.3 usleep.3 Various pages Justin Pryzby / mtk Fixed consecutive duplicate word typos on a number of pages. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François!) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Since 2.6.20, access() honors the MS_NOEXEC mount flag. Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto / mtk Improve ENOENT description. clone.2 mtk Added some detail to the prototype. Added some notes on IA-64's clone2(). epoll_ctl.2 mtk Add text to note that EPOLLRDHUP appeared in kernel 2.6.17. faccessat.2 Justin Pryzby Various fixes as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411177 * s/effective/real/ in description text. * added to synopsis. * various other changes. getrlimit.2 mtk / Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Added a few words to note that RLIMIT_NPROC is really a limit on threads. io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova s%linux/aio.h%libaio.h% in SYNOPSIS. Changed return type from "long" to "int". mbind.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk Fix EINVAL description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411777 mincore.2 Nick Piggin Kernel 2.6.21 fixes several earlier bugs in mincore(). Nick Pollitt Remove words "of a file" -- mincore() is describing memory residence information, not properties of a file. mtk Rewrote various parts to make the page clearer. mmap.2 mtk Rewrote and reorganized various parts to be clearer. Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Removed text stating that mmap() never returns 0; that's not true. mount.2 mtk / Val Henson Document MS_RELATIME, new in Linux 2.6.20. open.2 Andre Majorel / mtk On Linux, the error returned when opening a large file on a 32-bit system is actually EFBIG, not EOVERFLOW. posix_fadvise.2 Pádraig Brady Fix RETURN VALUE description: returns error number of failure. rename.2 mtk / Timo Sirainen Various improvements to DESCRIPTION. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=416012 semop.2 mtk If sops contains multiple operations, then these are performed in array order. All Unix systems that I know of do this, and some Linux applications depend on this behavior. SUSv3 made no explicit statement here, but SUSv4 will explicitly require this behavior. Small rewording of explanation of "atomically". signal.2 Nicolas François Fix incorrect argument name in DESCRIPTION. mtk Small wording improvement. socket.2 Nicolas François Add reference to ipv6.7 page. socketcall.2 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. splice.2 Benjamin Gilbert Fix inconsistent argument names in SYNOPSIS and DESCRIPTION. statvfs.2 mtk Small wording clarification. symlink.2 mtk / Nicolas François Removed cryptic text under CONFORMING to referring to "open(2) and NFS". There is no relevant text in open.2 as far as I (mtk) can see. time.2 mtk / Reuben Thomas Remove sentence "gettimeofday() obsoleting time() on 4.3BSD". This information is old, and probably no longer relevant. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=403888 write.2 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch. Clarified discussion of /count == 0/ case. ptrace.2 Chuck Ebbert When the parent receives an event with PTRACE_EVENT_* set, the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This means the parent cannot do ptrace(PTRACE_CONT) with a signal or ptrace(PTRACE_KILL). kill() with a SIGKILL signal can be used instead to kill the child process after receiving one of these messages. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Fix glibc version number in description of 'cpusetsize' argument. vfork.2 mtk Stripped some excess/outdated text from the BUGS section. basename.3 mtk / Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto Add text to clarify that the pointer returned by these functions may be into some part of 'path'. dlopen.3 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova + Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon Add "#include " to example program. fclose.3 mtk Complete rewrite. The existing page was hard to read, and the RETURN VALUE description seems to be wrong. getopt.3 mtk Added getopt() example program. mtk Add a few words to clarify the operation of the GNU-specific double-colon feature, which allows options to have optional arguments. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=352139 glob.3 Nicolas François Fix PROTOTYPE. inet_network.3 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch. Clarified description of inet_network(). log.3 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. log10.3 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. malloc.3 Nicolas François Small rewording to mention calloc(). posix_openpt.3 Martín Ferrari Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400971 Needs _XOPEN_SOURCE == 600; as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400975 Julien BLACHE s/ptsname/posix_openpt/ in RETURN VALUE re_comp.3 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Add "#define _REGEX_RE_COMP" to SYNOPSIS. regex.3 Nicolas François Fix .TH line. termios.3 mtk Added .SS headers to give some structure to this page; and a small amount of reordering. mtk Added a section on canonical and non-canonical mode. mtk Enhanced the discussion of "raw" mode for cfmakeraw(). mtk Document CMSPAR. mtk Make description of PARODD a little clearer. Reuben Thomas Add SEE ALSO link to tty_ioctl.4 mtk Add SEE ALSO link to console_ioctl.4 ualarm.3 mtk Removed BSD prototype from synopsis. Various rewordings. usleep.3 mtk Removed BSD prototype from synopsis. Various rewordings. termcap.5 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova s/curses/ncurses/ under SEE ALSO bootparam.7 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova Documented "mem=nopentium". feature_test_macros.7 mtk The default treatment of _POSIX_C_SOURCE changed in glibc 2.4. mtk, after a suggestion by Justin Pryzby Added some text warning that the "__" macros that defines internally should never be directly defined by programs. mtk, based on notes by Jakub Jelinek Document _FORTIFY_SOURCE (See http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2004-09/msg02055.html ) mtk Document _REENTRANT and _THREAD_SAFE. mdoc.7 mtk / Nicolas François Remove CONFIGURATION section, since this does not seem to be true for Linux. svipc.7 Nicolas François Fix data types in associated data structures; remove nonexistent semzcnt and semncnt fields. time.7 mtk Since kernel 2.6.20, the software clock can also be 300 HZ. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.45 ==================== Released: 2007-04-05 Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages. With the exception of the few individual changes noted below, no changes were made to content. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_cancel.2 io_submit.2 mtk Clarified RETURN VALUE text bindresvport.3 mtk Rewrote prototype using modern C syntax. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.46 ==================== Released: 2007-04-06 Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages: * Most instances of two or more consecutive blank lines in man page output were shrunk to a single line. * A number of example programs were reformatted to more closely match K&R style. * In various places (mainly code examples), the use of tabs was replaced by spaces With the exception of the few individual changes noted below, no changes were made to content. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bdflush.2 mtk Add header file to SYNOPSIS. sched_rr_get_interval.2 mtk Moved timespec definition from SYNOPSIS into description. select_tut.2 mtk Make SYNOPSIS match select.2. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.47 ==================== Released: 2007-05-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen John Heffner Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new sentences on new lines). There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the notes below). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sched_rr_get_interval.2 mtk Remove crufty statement that this system call is not implemented. The nice interval can be used to control the size of the round-robin quantum. Corrected .TH line. ip.7 John Heffner / mtk Document IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE, which will be in 2.6.22. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.48 ==================== Released: 2007-05-04 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Colin Watson Justin Pryzby Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new sentences on new lines). There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the notes below). Various pages mtk In various places where it occurred, s/nonnegative/non-negative/ Various pages mtk s/wide character/wide-character/ when used attributively. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- man.7 Justin Pryzby / Colin Watson / mtk .SH doesn't require quotes. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411303 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.49 ==================== Released: 2007-05-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Bruno Haible Justin Pryzby Apologies if I missed anyone! New pages --------- bsd_signal.3 mtk Documentation of bsd_signal(). euidaccess.3 mtk Manual page for euidaccess() and eaccess(). getsubopt.3 mtk / Justin Pryzby Documentation of getsubopt(). sysv_signal.3 mtk Documentation of sysv_signal(). New links --------- epoll_pwait.2 mtk New link to epoll_wait.2. eaccess.3 mtk New link to new euidaccess.3, sem_timedwait.3 mtk New link to sem_wait.3. sem_trywait.3 mtk New link to sem_wait.3. Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page. epoll_wait.2 mtk Added description of epoll_pwait(), new in kernel 2.6.19. execve.2 mtk Add text noting that Linux allows 'argv' and 'envp' to be NULL, but warning that this is non-standard and non-portable, and should be avoided in portable programs. Bug filed (http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408) to get this changed, but maybe that won't be done because it is an ABI change. mtk Added an example program. mtk Expanded the discussion of interpreter scripts and the 'optional-arg' argument of an interpreter script. For further info, see http://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/std/hashexclam-1.html http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shebang/ mtk Added text noting that FD_CLOEXEC causes record locks to be released. mtk Mention effect of MS_NOSUID mount(2) flag for set-user-ID programs. mtk Expanded description of handling of file descriptors during execve(), adding text to note that descriptors 0, 1, and 2 may be treated specially. faccessat.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page. mmap.2 mtk Place MAP_* flags list in alphabetical order. readv.2 mtk A fairly substantial rewrite, which among other things fixes the problem reported by Kyle Sluder in http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8399 And added some example code. sigaction.2 mtk Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe functions in signal(7). A few other minor formatting and wording changes. signal.2 mtk Moved the discussion of async-signal-safe functions to signal(7). Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe functions in signal(7). Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and sysv_signal.3 pages. copysign.3 Bruno Haible Clarify discussion of negative zero. getopt.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO ref to new getsubopt.3. iconv_open.3 Bruno Haible Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT and //IGNORE extensions for 'tocode'. iswblank.3 Bruno Haible Update CONFORMING TO; iswblank() is in POSIX.1-2001. inotify.7 mtk Definitions for IN_DONT_FOLLOW, IN_MASK_ADD, and IN_ONLYDIR were added to glibc in version 2.5. signal.7 mtk Incorporated (and slightly modified) the text on async-signal-safe functions that was formerly in signal(2). Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and sysv_signal.3 pages. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.50 ==================== Released: 2007-05-21 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andreas Halter Laird Shaw Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Removed pages (!) ----------------- Most Section 1 man pages are removed mtk (with help from Mike Frysinger, Laird Shaw, Andreas Halter) Once upon time Andries added a number of Section 1 manual pages to man-pages. However, since that time, those pages have not seen much maintenance, and are not in fact distributed in most distributions. Instead most distributions supply the coreutils versions of these pages, which are currently maintained. In addition, man-pages provides the 1p pages, which document the portable subset of functionality of these commands. Since the man1 pages are mostly unneeded, and out of date, I'm removing them. The following pages disappear: chgrp.1 chmod.1 chown.1 cp.1 dd.1 df.1 diff.1 dir.1 dircolors.1 du.1 install.1 ln.1 ls.1 mkdir.1 mkfifo.1 mknod.1 mv.1 rm.1 rmdir.1 touch.1 vdir.1 The following Section 1 pages will be kept: intro.1 ldd.1 time.1 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.51 ==================== Released: 2007-05-28 Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk (Hopefully) all cross references outside a page now include a section number. This should permit better resulting output from a man2html-type conversion. Various pages mtk Convert function formatting of the form "\fBname\fP()" to ".BR name ()". Changes to individual pages --------------------------- futimesat.2 mtk s/futimes/futimesat/ in .SH NAME line. msgop.2 mtk Put "msgrcv" and "msgsnd" in .SH NAME line. mount.2 mtk Add "umount2" to .SH NAME line. wait.2 mtk Add "waitid" to .SH NAME line. getopt.3 mtk Add "getopt_long" and "getopt_long_only" in .SH NAME line. sem_wait.3 mtk Add "sem_timedwait" and "sem_trywait" to .SH NAME line. stdarg.3 mtk Add "va_start", "va_arg", "va_end", "va_copy" to .SH NAME line. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.52 ==================== Released: 2007-05-29 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines" Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!" Global changes -------------- Most of the changes below are about bringing greater consistency to manual pages, including reducing the wide range of .SH Section headings. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Various pages mtk Make 'manual' component of .TH line into the string "Linux Programmer's Manual". Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Changed date in .TH line into form YYYY-DD-MM. Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Some .SH header lines were made into .SS lines. (One of the aims here is to reduce the number of non-standard .SH lines.) Various pages mtk Change title .SH sections named "NOTE" to "NOTES", in some cases also changing the location of the section within the page. Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Commented out .SH AUTHOR sections; the right place for documentation authorship sections is usually comments at the top of the page source. Various pages mtk Changed .SH HISTORY to .SH VERSIONS. Reason: in many cases, HISTORY was being used to describe Linux/glibc version information, as was already done for VERSIONS sections in other pages. Various pages mtk Removed HISTORY section, or moved it as a subsection or paragraphs under another section e.g., NOTES. Reason: there are too many arbitrary section (.SH) names, and a HISTORY section never was consistently used across Linux manual pages. Various pages mtk Moved SEE ALSO section to be last section on the page Reason: consistency -- and this is where SEE ALSO should be! Various pages mtk Relocated GLIBC NOTES as subsection under NOTES Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names. Various pages mtk Relocated LINUX NOTES as subsection under NOTES Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names. Various pages mtk Renamed some "AVAILABILITY" sections to "VERSIONS". Reason: consistency. Various pages mtk Renamed some "DIAGNOSTICS" sections to "RETURN VALUE". Reason: consistency. getopt.3 tzselect.8 mtk s/\.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES/.SH ENVIRONMENT/ Reason: consistency. intro.2 select.2 sysctl.2 bsearch.3 dlopen.3 envz_add.3 fmtmsg.3 getgrent_r.3 getgrouplist.3 getpwent_r.3 getutent.3 hsearch.3 rtime.3 strptime.3 tsearch.3 vcs.4 wordexp.3 mtk s/return 0/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ in main() of function example program. Reason: consistency. mprotect.2 select_tut.2 dlopen.3 getgrent_r.3 getopt.3 getpwent_r.3 hsearch.3 select_tut.2 tsearch.3 mtk Use symbolic constants (EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE) in calls to exit(). Reason: consistency. access.2 chown.2 lseek.2 open.2 read.2 utmp.5 mtk Renamed RESTRICTIONS section to NOTES, or moved text in a RESTRICTIONS section under existing NOTES section. Reason: consistency, and reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 mtk s/\.SH FURTHER INFORMATION/.SH NOTES/ dup.2 mtk s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/ kill.2 mtk Renamed LINUX HISTORY section to LINUX NOTES, and relocated within page. select_tut.2 mtk Relocated example program and made its .SH title "EXAMPLE". sigaltstack.2 mtk Move code example into its own EXAMPLE section. sigreturn.2 mtk s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/ setuid.2 mtk s/\.SH "LINUX-SPECIFIC REMARKS"/.SH LINUX NOTES/ shmget.2 mtk Remove section about effect of fork()/exec()/exit(); shmop.2 contains the same text, and it only needs to be said once. shmop.2 mtk Minor rewording under DESCRIPTION. daemon.3 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. encrypt.3 mtk Removed statement that glibc unconditionally exposes declarations of encrypt() and setkey(), since portable applications must use and define _XOPEN_SOURCE to obtain the declarations of setkey() and encrypt(). Adjusted example program accordingly. mkstemp.3 mtk Slight rewording. LDP.7 mtk Minor wording and formatting changes. man.7 mtk Substantial rewrite, revising and extending the discussion about desired conventions for writing pages. There will be further updates to this page in the next few man-pages releases. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.53 ==================== Released: 2007-05-30 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines" Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!" Global changes -------------- Many many pages mtk Reordered sections to be more consistent, in some cases renaming sections or shifting paragraphs between sections. man7/* mtk In various pages in this section, .SH headings were converted to .SS. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.54 ==================== Released: 2007-06-07 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Emmanuel Mogenet Michael Berg Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Where there is an instruction in the SYNOPSIS about linking or compiling with a certain option, the option is now marked up in italics (e.g., "\fI-lm\fP"). Various pages mtk Added page numbers to page cross references. A few pages mtk s/manpage/man page/, for consistency. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- man-pages.7 mtk A description of the conventions that should be followed when writing pages for the man-pages package. Removed pages ------------- man1/README mtk Already deleted most of the man1 pages previously, so this doesn't need to stay. LDP.7 mtk Removed this page since it is out of date, and the proper place to go for up-to-date information is http://www.tldp.org/ ksoftirq.9 mtk Reason: this was the only Section 9 page, and it is old (Linux 2.4). The man9 section never took off as an idea, and I see little point in keeping a Section 9 with just a single old page. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- HOWTOHELP mtk Moved some material out of here into new man-pages.7. alloc_hugepages.2 mtk Minor rewrites, eliminating some duplication, and removing some outdated text. epoll_pwait.2 Michael Berg Fix broken link path; http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=425570 fcntl.2 mtk Remove misleading text about setting O_ASYNC when calling open(); one must use fcntl() F_SETFL for this task. fdatasync.2 mtk Converted outdated BUGS note about fdatasync() being equivalent to fsync() on Linux 2.2 into a NOTES note about this historical behavior. futex.2 mtk Small rewording to fix "fails with the error EWOULDBLOCK" rather than "returns EWOULDBLOCK". See Red Hat bug 172828. mprotect.2 mtk, after an observation by Emmanuel Mogenet A much improved example program. mtk Significant rewrites and additions to description. mremap.2 mtk Remove text about the nonexistent BSD mremap() -- too much information, in my opinion. sched_yield.2 mtk Added ERRORS section. set_mempolicy.2 mtk Moved text for "Versions and Library Support". set_tid_address.2 mtk Small rewording in RETURN VALUE section. sigaction.2 mtk Add EXAMPLE section with a pointer to example in mprotect.2. sync_file_range.2 mtk Fix return type in SYNOPSIS. Add RETURN VALUE section. atexit.3 mtk Small rearrangement of text under NOTES. bindresvport.3 mtk Rewrite and substantial additional text. exec.3 mtk Minor clarifications for text on execlp() and execvp(). Removed FILES section, since it provides no useful additional info. fenv.3 mtk Moved link instructions from NOTES to SYNOPSIS. Added feenableexcept, fedisableexcept, fegetexcept to .SH NAME list. fputwc.3 mtk Added 'putwc' to .SH NAME list. gethostbyname.3 mtk s/int/socklen_t/ for type of gethostbyaddr() 'len' argument, and add a few more words in NOTES about the type used here. login.3 mtk Removed remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil; add text on that point to SYNOPSIS. openpty.3 mtk Removed redundant remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil since there is text on that point under SYNOPSIS. sysconf.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to getconf(1). unlocked_stdio.3 mtk Revised .SH NAME section. ascii.7 mtk Minor rearrangement of order of text. capabilities.7 mtk s/exec()/execve(2)/ in various places. complex.7 mtk Changed "atan(1)" to "atan(1.0)" to prevent some versions of man2html(1) from mistaking that string as a page cross reference. rtnetlink.7 mtk Small restructuring to avoid 'cannot adjust line' from man(1). ldconfig.8 mtk Removed now very out-of-date sentence about need to link shared libraries with -lc. man.7 mtk Various text was moved out of this page into the new man-pages.7. mdoc.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO referring to new man-pages.7. mdoc.samples.7 mtk A few changes, hopefully done right, to eliminate some errors to stderr when rendering with man(1). rtnetlink.7 mtk Shorten a line in table so it fits in 80 columns. Minor rewording under BUGS. tzselect.8 mtk Moved EXIT STATUS section. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.55 ==================== Released: 2007-06-10 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alexander Taboriskiy Joey Hess John Reiser Julien Cristau Justin Pryzby Martin (Joey) Schulze Mike Frysinger Serge van den Boom Ulrich Drepper Xose Vazquez Perez Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- clone.2 getdents.2 gettid.2 ioprio_set.2 llseek.2 mmap2.2 modify_ldt.2 mq_getsetattr.2 pivot_root.2 quotactl.2 readdir.2 sysctl.2 syslog.2 tkill.2 mtk, after a note by Mike Frysinger Updated to reflect the fact that the _syscallN() macros have gone away, Several pages mtk Change reference to path_resolution.2 to path_resolution.7. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Moved pages ----------- path_resolution.2 has been moved to section 7, thus path_resolution.7 mtk Reason: this is an overview page, not one describing as a specific system call. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- MAINTAINING mtk, after a note from Xose Vazquez Perez Added pointer to Red Hat man-pages bugzilla. mtk Added a release philosophy note on separating out big formatting changes into their own release that contains minimal content changes. accept.2 mtk Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2. arch_prctl.2 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. bind.2 mtk Expand example program, and move it to new EXAMPLE section. Added text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. cacheflush.2 mtk Convert NOTES section to CONFORMING TO and note that this call is Linux-specific. Other minor rewordings. connect.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. create_module.2 mtk Add ENOSYS error. fcntl.2 flock.2 mtk Small rewrite of SEE ALSO text pointing to Documentation/* in kernel source. get_kernel_syms.2 mtk Added ERRORS heading Add ENOSYS error. getdtablesize.2 mtk Added an ERRORS section. getsid.2 mtk Added a RETURN VALUE section. getpid.2 mtk Added an ERRORS section (stating that the calls are always successful). ioctl_list.2 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference to ioctl.2. listen.2 mtk Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2. query_module.2 Martin (Joey) Schulze Add ENOSYS error. recv.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. sched_get_priority_max.2 sched_rr_get_interval.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_yield.2 mtk Modified .TH line send.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. set_tid_address.2 mtk Added an ERRORS section (stating that the call is always successful). signal.2 mtk, after a note from Alexander Taboriskiy Strengthen warning against the use of signal(). Added siginterrupt(3) to SEE ALSO list. mtk Rewrote various parts; added an ERRORS section. socket.2 mtk Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. stat.2 mtk Added EXAMPLE program. syscall.2 mtk Converted to -man format; some rewrites; added an EXAMPLE. sysctl.2 mtk Improved the example program. getnameinfo.3 mtk Add text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Add example programs. Add getnameinfo() to SEE ALSO list. memmove.3 mtk / Serge van den Boom Clarify discussion of what happens if 'src' and 'dest' overlap. regex.3 Justin Pryzby Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO list. sigpause.3 mtk after a note from Ulrich Drepper Clarify discussion of feature test macros that are needed to expose System V and BSD versions of this function in glibc. undocumented.3 mtk Removed some functions that have been documented. wprintf.2 Martin (Joey) Schulze Remove wscanf.3 from SEE ALSO list, since that page does not exist. utmp.5 Joey Hess Removed outdated note on xdm. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418009 Martin (Joey) Schulze Removed outdated note about Debian and libc5. bootparam.7 Martin (Joey) Schulze Fix order of commands listed under 'init='. hier.7 Joey Hess Add /media, remove /dos. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418234 inotify.7 mtk Added text describing what happens when the buffer given to read(2) is too small to return information about the next event, and noting the behavior change in 2.6.21. man-pages.7 mtk Added text to note that ERRORS list should be in alphabetical order. mdoc.7 mdoc.samples.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO reference to groff_mdoc(7). unix.7 mtk Added EXAMPLE section with pointer to bind.2 EXAMPLE. ld.so.8 mtk Simplify text describing --inhibit-rpath. mtk, after a note by John Reiser Describe use of $ORIGIN in rpath. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.56 ==================== Released: 2007-06-11 Global changes -------------- Many pages mtk Removed version numbers in .TH lines. Reason: these were only arbitrarily updated, and so impart no useful information. Version information goes into a VERSIONS section nowadays, and the date in the .TH line should be updated to reflect the date of the last (significant) change to the page. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.57 ==================== Released: 2007-06-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Many pages mtk Fix section numbers in page cross references. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Minor wording fixes. Small clarification of description of 'mode'. bind.2 mtk Small reworking of EXAMPLE program. exit_group.2 mtk Minor wording fixes. exit.3 mtk Added more detail on exit handlers. Minor wording fixes. ioctl.2 mtk Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent mt.4. modify_ldt.2 Samuel Thibault / mtk In Linux 2.6, the 'modify_ldt_ldt_s' structure was renamed 'user_desc'. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378668 mtk Include definition of 'user_desc' structure. Minor rewordings. mprotect.2 mtk Small reworking of EXAMPLE program. sigaction.2 mtk Removed reference to nonexistent sigsend(2). a64l.3 mtk Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent itoa.3. dysize.3 mtk Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent time.3. encrypt.3 mtk Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fcrypt.3. fmemopen.3 mtk Small reworking of EXAMPLE program. fpurge.3 mtk Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fclean.3. getutent.3 mtk s/ttyname(0)/ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)/ in program example. vcs.4 mtk s/exit(1)/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ environ.7 mtk Correct some section numbers in page cross references. man-pages.7 mtk Modify requirements for example programs a little. uri.7 mtk Wrapped long source lines. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.58 ==================== Released: 2007-06-24 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Marc Boyer Mike Frysinger Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages, as detailed below mtk Added or updated VERSIONS sections. killpg.2 setuid.2 faccessat.2 fork.2 setfsuid.2 kill.2 getsid.2 wait.2 execve.2 getpid.2 setgid.2 seteuid.2 setresuid.2 setfsgid.2 access.2 initgroups.3 euidaccess.3 tcgetpgrp.3 path_resolution.7 capabilities.7 unix.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO link to new credentials.7. New pages --------- credentials.7 mtk An overview of Linux process identifiers (PIDs, PPIDs, PGIDS, SIDs, UIDs, GIDs). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 mtk Added some comments to example program. getxattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. listen.2 mtk Updated discussion of somaxconn limit. listxattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. posix_fadvise.2 mtk VERSIONS: Glibc support has been provided since version 2.2. readahead.2 mtk Added VERSIONS section. remap_file_pages.2 mtk Updated VERSIONS section with text on glibc support. removexattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. semop.2 mtk Added VERSIONS section with info on semtimedop(). setxattr.2 mtk VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3. dl_iterate_phdr.3 mtk VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.4. getloadavg.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section. posix_openpt.3 mtk VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.1. printf.3 mtk after a suggestion by Mike Frysinger Add text to the introductory part of DESCRIPTION, about the 'size' argument of snprintf() and vsnprintf(). shm_open.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section; rewrote info about linking with -lrt. strcat.3 Marc Boyer Improve the discussion of strncat(). strcpy.3 Marc Boyer Improve the discussion of strncpy(). proc.5 mtk Added discussion of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.59 ==================== Released: 2007-06-25 Global changes -------------- Manual pages are now standardized on American spelling. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences for more information on the differences. Formerly, different pages (and sometimes even a single page!) employed American and British spelling conventions; best to standardize on one spelling, and American English is the standard in Computer Science. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- man-pages.7 mtk Note that man-pages has now standardized on American spelling conventions. execve.2 getxattr.2 listxattr.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 signal.2 syscall.2 aio_cancel.3 bindresvport.3 stdarg.3 charmap.5 bootparam.7 ipv6.7 man.7 path_resolution.7 uri.7 nscd.8 mtk Corrected minor spelling/wording mistakes (i.e., changes independent of fixes for American spelling). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.60 ==================== Released: 2007-06-25 Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk Wrapped lines in some files. Various pages mtk Change "e.g. " to "e.g., ", or in some cases, "for example, ". Various pages mtk Change "i.e. " to i.e., ", or in some cases, "that is, ". Various pages mtk Removed AUTHORS section. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- vfork.2 mtk s/w.r.t/with respect to/ man-pages.7 mtk Strengthened warning against use of AUTHORS section. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.61 ==================== Released: 2007-07-01 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Benno Schulenberg Florian Ernst Ivana Varekova Jeff Schroeder Joey (Martin) Schulze Justin Pryzby Loïc Minier Michael Gehring Serge van den Boom Stefan Puiu Stepan Kasal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk substitute `\\0' by '\\0'. Various pages mtk s/`/'/ when the thing being quoted is a character. accept.2 bind.2 connect.2 getsockopt.2 listen.2 socket.2 socketpair.2 mtk after a note by Martin (Joey) Schulze Add NOTES paragraph noting that isn't required by POSIX.1-2001 or Linux, but was required on some implementations. accept.2 getsockname.2 recv.2 vm86.2 send.2 getgrouplist.3 memmem.3 nsswitch.conf.5 putenv.3 wprintf.3 mtk Replace form `...' with \fI...\fP where the enclosed string is a pathname, type name, or argument name. A few files mtk s/process' /process's/ gets.3 qsort.3 getaddrinfo.3 rpc.3 ungetwc.3 wcsnrtombs.3 capabilities.7 mtk Add section number to page cross references. time.1 bind.2 pivot_root.2 sysctl.2 mtk Reordered .SH sections. full.4 mouse.4 random.4 sd.4 mtk Made CONFIG/CONFIGURING heading ==> CONFIGURATION time.1 console_codes.4 random.4 sk98lin.4 charmap.5 ftpusers.5 bootparam.7 charsets.7 glob.7 mq_overview.7 unicode.7 uri.7 utf-8.7 mtk Reformatted headings New pages --------- backtrace.3 mtk, with input from Justin Pryzby and Stefan Puiu Documents backtrace(), backtrace_symbols(), and backtrace_symbols_fd(). New links --------- backtrace_symbols.3 backtrace_symbols_fd.3 mtk Links to backtrace.3. __clone.2 Stepan Kasal Link to clone.2. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Makefile Serge van den Boom Fix setting of 'prefix' macro. eval.1p Benno Schulenberg Fix bad text (concatenated line). chdir.2 mtk Fixed description of EACCES error. Added sentence defining "current working directory". Other minor wording changes. cfree.3 mtk Added SEE ALSO section. clone.2 mtk s/clone2/__clone2/. fdatasync.2 mtk Minor wording changes. fork.2 Alain Portal Fix small wording error. gethostid.2 Stefan Puiu / mtk Add NOTES on what happens if gethostid() can't open /etc/hostid. idle.2 mtk Made NOTES text into a VERSIONS section, since that's what it really describes. ioperm.2 mtk Minor wording changes. intro.2 mtk Rewrite to reflect the fact that the _syscallN macros are no longer available. io_cancel.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_destroy.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_getevents.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_setup.2 mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. io_submit.2 Ivana Varekova Fix include in SYNOPSIS. mtk Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS. ipc.2 mtk Add semtimedop() to SEE ALSO. Note that some architectures don't have ipc(2); instead real system calls are provided for shmctl(), semctl(), etc. killpg.2 mtk Minor wording changes. listen.2 mtk Added to SYNOPSIS. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Add NOTES para about permissions required to call sched_setscheduler() on other systems. select.2 mtk Noted that 'timeout' can also be changed if select() is interrupted by a signal. setup.2 mtk Remove reference to _syscall0() macro. shmop.2 mtk Changed text for EINVAL error. socketcall.2 mtk Add recvmsg() and sendmsg() to SEE ALSO. Note that some architectures don't have socketcall(2); instead real system calls are provided for socket(), bind(), etc. swapon.2 Ivana Varekova / mtk Update text for EPERM error describing the maximum number of swap files. (From downstream Fedora patch.) write.2 mtk Added details about seekable files and file offset. Noted that write() may write less than 'count' bytes, and gave some examples of why this might occur. Noted what happens if write() is interrupted by a signal. Minor wording changes. __setfpucw.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits. confstr.3 mtk Minor rewrites in code example. ctime.3 Justin Pryzby Make SEE ALSO refer to timegm.3 daemon.3 mtk Small wording change. dl_iterate_phdr.3 Michael Gehring Comment was missing closing "*/". dlopen.3 mtk Formatting changes, and minor rewordings. mtk, after a note by Serge van den Boom Add a comment explaining the need for the rather strange cast of the return value of dlsym(). fpclassify.3 mtk Add "isinf" to NAME section. getgrouplist.3 mtk Minor rewording. getline.3 mtk Minor rewording, and note that '*n* is ignored if '*lineptr' is NULL. malloc.3 Ivana Varekova / mtk Update description of MALLOC_CHECK_ to include description for value 3. (From downstream Fedora patch.) netlink.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits. openpty.3 mtk Minor changes to SYNOPSIS. program_invocation_name.3 mtk Shortened page title to INVOCATION_NAME. rtnetlink.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits. scanf.3 Florian Ernst Fix duplicated word "the". (Really fix http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=412467 !) select_tut.3 mtk Small wording change. setnetgrent.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section. sigpause.3 mtk Added a CONFORMING TO section. strftime.3 Just Pryzby Small wording fix. mtk Note use of "gcc -Wno-format-y2k" to avoid the "`%c' yields only last 2 digits of year in some locales" warning. strstr.3 mtk Add "strcasestr" to NAME section. syslog.3 mtk Small wording change. termios.3 mtk Reformat SYNOPSIS. Added a CONFORMING TO section. timegm.3 mtk Small wording changes. ulimit.3 mtk Remove erroneous text saying that glibc does not provide ; it does. initrd.4 mtk Various reformattings. core.5 mtk Added a sentence noting why core dumps named "core.PID" were useful with LinuxThreads. bootparam.7 mtk Fix capitalization in .SS headings. epoll.7 mtk Language clean ups. feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO section. mq_overview.7 mtk Reformatted headings; minor rewrites. sem_overview.7 mtk Reformatted headings; minor rewrites. socket.7 Loïc Minier Document argument type for SO_REUSEADDR. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=255881 uri.7 mtk Wrap long line in SYNOPSIS. ldconfig.8 mtk Added SEE ALSO section. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.62 ==================== Released: 2007-07-09 This release consists solely of formatting fixes. There are no changes to content. Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Stepan Kasal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Many many pages mtk Many many formatting fixes. man[013]p/* Stepan Kasal Add section number to .TH line for POSIX pages in man[013]p. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.63 ==================== Released: 2007-07-16 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Arnd Bergmann Eduardo M. Fleury Ivana Varekova Justin Pryzby Marc Boyer Martin (Joey) Schulze Martin Röhricht Patrick Mansfield Pierre Habouzit Stepan Kasal Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- gettimeofday.2 madvise.2 msgctl.2 select.2 semctl.2 shmctl.2 syslog.2 stat.2 a64l.3 printf.3 termios.3 xdr.3 sd.4 mtk Minor wording changes. obsolete.2 syscall.2 unimplemented.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO reference to syscalls.2. New pages --------- sgetmask.2 mtk A real man page for sgetmask(2) and ssetmask(2). (This page replaces a previous link of the same name, which linked to signal.2.) spu_create.2 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk Document the PowerPC SPU spu_create() system call. (Originally taken from the kernel source file Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.) spu_run.2 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk Document the PowerPC SPU spu_run() system call. (Originally taken from the kernel source file Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.) spufs.7 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk Document the PowerPC SPU file system. (Originally taken from the kernel source file Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.) Removed Pages ------------- __clone.2 mtk This file was created by accident in 2.61, as a copy of clone.2. (it should have been a link to clone.2.) obsolete.2 mtk Details on this page are covered in syscalls.2 and in respective syscall man pages (stat.2, uname.2). undocumented.2 mtk This page is very out of date, and in any case difficult to maintain. Information about undocumented system calls is maintained in the HOWTOHELP file, and probably in other places soon. killpg.3 mtk This rather incomplete page seems unnecessary since there is a killpg.2. New links --------- chown32.2 fchown32.2 getegid32.2 geteuid32.2 getgid32.2 getgroups32.2 getresgid32.2 getresuid32.2 getuid32.2 lchown32.2 setfsgid32.2 setfsuid32.2 setgid32.2 setgroups32.2 setregid32.2 setresgid32.2 setresuid32.2 setreuid32.2 setuid32.2 mtk Added as link to corresponding page without "32". fcntl64.2 fstat64.2 fstatat64.2 fstatfs64.2 ftruncate64.2 getdents64.2 lstat64.2 pread64.2 pwrite64.2 sendfile64.2 stat64.2 statfs64.2 truncate64.2 mtk Added as link to corresponding page without "64". __clone2.2 clone2.2 mtk Links to clone.2. ugetrlimit.2 mtk Link to getrlimit.2. mq_notify.2 mq_open.2 mq_timedreceive.2 mq_timedsend.2 mq_unlink.2 mtk Added as links to corresponding section 3 pages. fadvise64.2 fadvise64_64.2 mtk Links to posix_fadvise.2. rt_sigaction.2 rt_sigpending.2 rt_sigprocmask.2 rt_sigtimedwait.2 mtk Added as link to corresponding page without "rt_" prefix. rt_sigqueueinfo.2 mtk Link to sigqueue.2. madvise1.2 tuxcall.2 vserver.2 mtk / Ivana Varekova Link to unimplemented.2. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 mtk Fairly substantial rewrites of various parts, and a few additions. chmod.2 mtk Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) needs either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE". chown.2 mtk Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) and lchown(2) need either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE". Added an example program. killpg.2 mtk Note that killpg() is actually a library function on Linux. mmap.2 mtk Added note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes mmap2(). mmap2.2 Ivana Varekova / mtk On most platforms the unit for 'offset' is 4096 bytes, not the system page size. mtk Rewrote NOTES to note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes this system call. mtk Added an EXAMPLE program. oldfstat.2 oldlstat.2 oldstat.2 mtk Changed link to point to stat.2 (instead of obsolete.2). olduname.2 oldolduname.2 mtk Changed link to point to uname.2 (instead of obsolete.2). sched_setaffinity.2 Martin Röhricht Added _GNU_SOURCE to SYNOPSIS. semctl.2 mtk Remove reference discussion of ipc(2), since none of the other System V IPC pages mention ipc(2). semop.2 mtk Add an example code segment. shmctl.2 mtk Add svipc(7) to SEE ALSO list. sigaction.2 mtk Reformatted tables as lists; other minor reformattings and wording changes. sigqueue.2 mtk Added info on rt_sigqueueinfo(2). sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Noted that sigwaitinfo() is a library function implemented on top of sigtimedwait(). ssetmask.2 mtk Make this link point to new sgetmask.2 instead of signal.2. stat.2 mtk Add notes on the different system call interfaces that have appeared over time. syscalls.2 mtk A fairly substantial rewrite of this page, bringing it up to date with the current kernel version, and listing all system calls in tabular form. uname.2 mtk Add notes on the different system call interfaces that have appeared over time. unimplemented.2 mtk Add vserver, madvise1 to NAME line. Removed SEE ALSO reference to obsolete.2. Ivana Varekova Add tuxcall to NAME line. mktemp.3 Patrick Mansfield Fix description of return value. strcat.3 Marc Boyer Minor fix to example program. undocumented.3 mtk Add section numbers to function names; remove some functions since they are documented. proc.5 mtk Update/correct text on /proc/malloc. mtk, after a note by Pierre Habouzit, and a few comments by Justin Pryzby Update description of /proc/PID/stat to match 2.6.21. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417933 inotify.7 mtk IN_DONT_FOLLOW and IN_ONLYDIR are only available from 2.6.15. signal.7 Stepan Kasal / mtk Note SIGRTMIN value depends on glibc. mtk Various rewrites and additions to the text in real-time signals. Add SEE ALSO reference to sgetmask.2. svipc.7 mtk Add ipc(2) to SEE ALSO. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.64 ==================== Released: 2007-07-27 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Koltsoff Andries Brouwer Justin Pryzby Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- INFINITY.3 _exit.2 a64l.3 abs.3 acct.2 acosh.3 addseverity.3 adjtime.3 asinh.3 atanh.3 atoi.3 brk.2 cbrt.3 cfree.3 chdir.2 chmod.2 chown.2 clearenv.3 clock_getres.3 clone.2 confstr.3 copysign.3 ctermid.3 ctime.3 daemon.3 dirfd.3 div.3 drand48.3 drand48_r.3 dysize.3 ecvt.3 ecvt_r.3 erf.3 euidaccess.3 exp2.3 expm1.3 fdatasync.2 ferror.3 fexecve.3 fgetgrent.3 fgetpwent.3 finite.3 flockfile.3 fopen.3 fpclassify.3 fsync.2 futimes.3 fwide.3 gamma.3 gcvt.3 getcwd.3 getdate.3 getdirentries.3 getdomainname.2 getdtablesize.2 getgrent.3 getgrent_r.3 getgrouplist.3 getgroups.2 gethostbyname.3 gethostid.2 gethostname.2 getlogin.3 getmntent.3 getpagesize.2 getpw.3 getpwent.3 getpwent_r.3 getpwnam.3 getsid.2 getspnam.3 gettimeofday.2 getumask.3 getusershell.3 gsignal.3 hypot.3 inet.3 initgroups.3 insque.3 isalpha.3 iswblank.3 j0.3 kill.2 killpg.2 lgamma.3 lockf.3 log1p.3 log2.3 logb.3 longjmp.3 lrint.3 lround.3 madvise.2 mbsnrtowcs.3 memfrob.3 mincore.2 mkdtemp.3 mknod.2 mkstemp.3 mktemp.3 nan.3 nanosleep.2 nextafter.3 nice.2 on_exit.3 perror.3 posix_memalign.3 posix_openpt.3 printf.3 profil.3 psignal.3 putenv.3 putpwent.3 qecvt.3 rand.3 random.3 rcmd.3 readahead.2 readlink.2 realpath.3 remainder.3 remquo.3 rexec.3 rint.3 round.3 rpmatch.3 scalb.3 scandir.3 scanf.3 seekdir.3 select.2 sem_wait.3 semop.2 setbuf.3 setenv.3 seteuid.2 setjmp.3 setnetgrent.3 setpgid.2 setresuid.2 setreuid.2 sigaltstack.2 siginterrupt.3 significand.3 sigqueue.2 sigvec.3 sigwaitinfo.2 sockatmark.3 stat.2 stime.2 strdup.3 strerror.3 strsep.3 strtod.3 strtok.3 strtol.3 strtoul.3 symlink.2 sync.2 syscall.2 syslog.3 tcgetsid.3 telldir.3 tempnam.3 termios.3 tgamma.3 timegm.3 toascii.3 trunc.3 truncate.2 ttyslot.3 tzset.3 ualarm.3 unlocked_stdio.3 unshare.2 usleep.3 vfork.2 vhangup.2 wait.2 wait4.2 wcscasecmp.3 wcsncasecmp.3 wcsnlen.3 wcsnrtombs.3 wcswidth.3 wordexp.3 wprintf.3 mtk Added/updated feature test macro requirements for glibc; see feature_test_macros.7 for details. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mq_notify.2 mq_open.2 mq_timedreceive.2 mq_timedsend.2 mq_unlink.2 mtk Fix broken link setpgid.2 mtk Fairly substantial changes and corrections, including adding coverage of all of the interfaces that get/set PGIDs. syscalls.2 mtk / aeb Various rewordings; clear up some imprecisions. lgamma.3 mtk Added 'signgam' to SYNOPSIS and NAME line. strerror.3 mtk Note that the XPG version is provided since glibc 2.3.4. The page formerly said that the GNU-specific version is provided by default. That certainly isn't true nowadays, since _POSIX_C_SOURCE is set to 200112L by default, so that the XSI-compliant version is supplied by default. man-pages.7 mtk Added note pointing to feature_test_macros.7 for a description of how feature test macro requirements should be specified in manual pages. Various other minor fixes and changes. feature_test_macros.7 mtk Added note about how feature test macros are specified in manual pages. Many other corrections, improvements, additions, and details about differences across glibc versions. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.65 ==================== Released: 2007-09-17 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aleksandr Koltsoff Andi Kleen Anton Blanchard Ari Entlich Carsten Emde François Diakhate Geoff Clare Jon Burgess Julien Cristau Lee Schermerhorn Mats Wichmann Maxime Bizon Maxime Vaudequin Michael Prokop Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Nicolas George Paul Brook Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Thomas Huriaux Tolga Dalman Ulrich Drepper Vincent Lefevre Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Various pages mtk Use 'glibc' consistently to refer to GNU C library. Various pages mtk Order errors under ERRORS alphabetically. Various pages Nicolas François Spelling and formatting fixes, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=439560 intro.2 select.2 fmtmsg.3 getgrent_r.3 envz_add.3 rtime.3 strptime.3 wordexp.3 Maxime Vaudequin Add "#include " (to declare exit(3)) to example program. New pages --------- timeradd.3 mtk Description of timeradd(), timersub(), timerclear(), timerisset(), timercmp() macros for operating on struct timeval. Removed pages ------------- fdatasync.2 mtk Somehow, over time, material on fdatasync(2) crept into fsync.2, and fdatasync also got added to the NAME section of fsync.2. All of the material in fdatasync.2 that was not already in fsync.2 has now been moved there, and the former page has been removed. In place of the content there, is now a link to fsync.2. New links --------- clock_getres.2 clock_gettime.2 clock_settime.2 mtk Link to man3/clock_getres.3. fdatasync.2 mtk Link to fsync.2. fdopendir.3 mtk Link to opendir.3. gethostbyaddr_r.3 Mats Wichmann Link to gethostbyaddr.3. timerclear.3 timercmp.3 timerisset.3 timersub.3 mtk Links to new timeradd.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Makefile Mike Frysinger Make the install target of man-pages respect the standard "DESTDIR" variable as well as check the exit status of the install command so errors aren't ignored. get_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" through out the descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes. added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis rewrite portions of description for clarification. added all errors currently returned by sys call. removed cautionary note that use of MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR is not supported. This is no longer true. added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list. getitimer.2 mtk Since kernel 2.6.22, Linux setitimer() now conforms to POSIX.1, giving an EINVAL error for a non-canonical tv_usec value. gettimeofday.2 mtk Replace discussion of timer* macros with a pointer to new page timeradd.3. ioctl_list.2 Nicolas George Fixed argument type for BLKGETSIZE. mbind.2 Lee Schermerhorn changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes. rewrite portions of description for clarification. clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files and shared memory regions, including SHM_HUGE regions. defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this means for MPOL_PREFERRED. mention what happens if local/target node contains no free memory. clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy. Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if this happens. added all errors currently returned by sys call. added mmap(2), shmget(2), shmat(2) to SEE ALSO list. mmap.2 mprotect.2 François Diakhate Add text noting that PROT_WRITE may (and on x86 does) imply PROT_READ. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=441387 nfsservctl.2 Aleksandr Koltsoff Fix prototype. oldfstat.2 oldlstat.2 oldstat.2 mtk Fix broken link prctl.2 mtk Update arches/kernel versions for PR_SET_UNALAIGN / PR_GET_UNALIGN. readahead.2 mtk Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fadvise.2. reboot.2 mtk Place SYNOPSIS comments inside C comments (/* ... */). sched_setaffinity.2 Samuel Thibault Note what thread is affected if 'pid' is specified as 0, or as the value returned by getpid(). sched_setscheduler.2 Carsten Emde Add text on real-time features of mainline Linux kernel. select_tut.2 mtk sync SYNOPSIS with select.2 set_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes. added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis rewrite portions of description for clarification. clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files. defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this means for MPOL_PREFERRED. mention what happens if local/target node contains no free memory. clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy. Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if this happens. added all errors currently returned by sys call. added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list. sigaction.2 mtk s/si_sign/si_errno/ in statement about which field is unused. Ari Entlich s/SIGILL/SIGCHLD/ for paragraph describing SIGCHLD. stat.2 mtk Improve text describing underlying system calls. swapon.2 Michael Prokop EINVAL also occurs if target path is on tmpfs or similar. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435885 sync.2 mtk Incorporated material from now deleted fdatasync.2. syscall.2 mtk Small fix in example program. uname.2 mtk Improve text describing underlying system calls. utime.2 Vincent Lefevre / mtk Clarify utimes() behaviour when 'times' is NULL. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=431480 mtk Other minor clarifications of description of utimes(). copysign.3 Vincent Lefevre s/sign/sign bit/ to remove ambiguity in description. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435415 euidaccess.3 mtk Changed NOTES to VERSIONS. ffsl.3 mtk Add ffsl and ffsll to NAME line. fts.3 mtk Removed statement that fts functions are expected to appear soon in POSIX; it's years old and has not yet come to pass. ftw.3 mtk / Geoff Clare Fixes/improvements for example program. getdate.3 mtk Add getdate_r to NAME section. getaddrinfo.3 mtk / Geoff Clare Fixes/improvements for example program. gethostbyaddr.3 Mats Wichmann Add documentation for gethostbyaddr_r(). Plus a few other small fixes. gethostbyname.3 mtk Add gethostbyname2, gethostbyname2_r, gethostbyname_r, gethostent_r to NAME line. getmntent.3 mtk Fix misnamed function references. getopt.3 Jon Burgess Fix small error in example program. getrpcent.3 mtk Add setrpcent and endrpcent to NAME line. gsignal.3 Aleksandr Koltsoff Fix gsignal() prototype. hsearch.3 mtk Add hcreate_r, hdestroy_r, hsearch_r to NAME line. inet.3 Maxime Bizon Correct definition of "struct in_addr". isatty.3 mtk Minor wording fix. isgreater.3 mtk Add islessequal to NAME line. lgamma.3 Vincent Lefevre Fix CONFORMING TO section. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417592 log1p.3 mtk Add log1pf and log1pl to NAME line. longjmp.3 Paul Brook / mtk After a call to longjmp(), the values of modified, non-volatile variables in the function that called setjmp() are unspecified. makecontext.3 Aleksandr Koltsoff Fix makecontext() prototype. malloc.3 mtk / Tolga Dalman Explain what happens for malloc(0), or calloc() where one of the arguments is 0. mtk Added notes on malloc()'s use of sbrk() and mmap(). mtk Add mmap(2), alloca(3) to SEE ALSO. mq_close.3 mq_getattr.3 mq_notify.3 mq_open.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 mq_unlink.3 mtk Add "Link with -lrt." to SYNOPSIS. opendir.3 Ulrich Drepper; some edits and additional text by mtk Document fdopendir(). readdir.3 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen Document DT_* constants for d_type. Ulrich Drepper / mtk Rework discussion of non-standard structure fields. sem_wait.3 mtk Minor improvements to example program. syslog.3 mtk Add vsyslog to NAME section. termios.3 Nicolas François Fix XCASE feature test macro description. wcsspn.3 Aleksandr Koltsoff Add return type to prototype. proc.5 mtk Improve description of num_threads field under /proc/PID/stat. Maxime Vaudequin Fix path error (s%proc/sys%proc/sys/kernel%) in mentions of /proc/sys/ostype, /proc/sys/osrelease and proc/sys/version. Maxime Vaudequin I noticed things to correct and to clarify in subsection "/proc/filesystems" of proc.5: - clarify filesystems listing: not only FS compiled into the kernel, also FS kernel modules currently loaded - add a reference to fs(5) - add an explanation for FS marked with "nodev" - s/mount(1)/mount(8)/, also corrected in section "SEE ALSO" - clarify usage by mount: the current wording may lead to think /proc/filesystems is always used by mount when no FS is specified. So, usage of "may" which IMHO is more appropriate + additional explanations In mount(8) we can see: If no -t option is given, or if the auto type is specified, mount will try to guess the desired type. If mount was compiled with the blkid library, the guessing is done by this library. Otherwise, mount guesses itself by probing the superblock; if that does not turn up anything that looks familiar, mount will try to read the file /etc/filesystems, or, if that does not exist, /proc/filesystems. All of the filesystem types listed there will be tried, except for those that are labeled "nodev" (e.g., devpts, proc and nfs). If /etc/filesystems ends in a line with a single * only, mount will read /proc/filesystems afterwards. Samuel Thibault Since linux 2.6.11, /proc/stat has an eighth value for cpu lines: stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating systems when running in a virtualized environment. arp.7 Updated BUGS text referring to jiffies; refer to time.7 instead. credentials.7 mtk Add words to note that file system ID is Linux specific. hier.7 Maxime Vaudequin This is some corrections for hier.7: - missing period for /media and /mnt - /mnt description is not totally correct, it is true for some distributions but in others /mnt is used as a temporary FS mount point, as it is specified by FHS: http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#MNTMOUNTPOINTFORATEMPORARILYMOUNT - s/X-Windows/X-Window/ (3 occurrences) - section "SEE ALSO": s/mount(1)/mount(8)/ man-pages.7 man.7 mdoc.7 mdoc.samples.7 mtk / Nicolas François Nowadays tmac.XXX are called XXX.tmac. pthreads.7 mtk Update text about modern threading implementations (NPTL vs LinuxThreads). socket.7 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen Clarify that SO_SNDTIMEO and SO_RCVTIMEO only have effect for socket I/O calls; not for multiplexing system calls like select() and poll(). time.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO reference to new timeradd.3. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.66 ==================== Released: 2007-10-01 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Amit K. Arora David Chinner Fredrik Noring Mats Wichmann Maxime Vaudequin Ollie Wild Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- fallocate.2 David Chinner, with some input from Amit Amora and mtk Describes the fallocate() system call, new in 2.6.23. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- close.2 Fredrik Noring Add text cautioning about use of close() in multithreaded programs. execve.2 Ollie Wild / mtk Add text describing limit on total size of argv + envp, and changes that occurred with 2.6.23. mtk Add getopt(3) to SEE ALSO list. open.2 mtk, Acked by Ulrich Drepper Added description of O_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23) + other minor fixes for O_DIRECT. recv.2 mtk Added description of MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23). sysctl.2 mtk Strengthened the warning against using this system call and note that it may disappear in a future kernel version. rpc.3 Mats Wichmann Fix type definition for 'protocol' in prototypes of pmap_set() and pmap_getport(). ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.67 ==================== Released: 2007-10-08 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Andrew Josey Maxime Vaudequin Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- *.1p *.3p mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen and consultation with Andrew Josey. Add a PROLOG section: This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux. *.0p *.1p *.3p mtk Some formatting fixes, mostly to get rid of unwanted spaces before "," in formatted output. * */* mtk Change all occurrences of my email address in man-pages source to my new gmail address. Many many pages Maxime Vaudequin I noticed useless use of macros with alternating formatting (".IR" instead ".I" which suffices, ".BR" instead ".B", etc.) because there is only one element. For example in ldconfig.8: -.BR /sbin/ldconfig +.B /sbin/ldconfig This is not very important, it only makes the sources more tidy. To find these I used: egrep '^\.(B[RI]|R[IB]|I[RB]) ([^ ]+|\"[^\"]\+\")$' And if you want to make these changes, you can use: sed 's/^\(\.[BRI]\)[BRI]\( \([^ ]\+\|\"[^\"]\+\"\)\)$/\1\2/g' ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.68 ==================== Released: 2007-11-19 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A. Costa Andrew McDonald Geoff Clare Heikki Orsila Hyokyong Kim Ivana Varekova Justin Pryzby Maxime Vaudequin Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Pádraig Brady Sam Varshavchik Timo Juhani Lindfors Ulrich Drepper Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 mkfifoat.3 mtk, after http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445436 by Timo Juhani Lindfors Added to SYNOPSIS. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- _syscall.2 mtk Created as a new page, by taking the content specific to the _syscall() macros from intro(2). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- README mtk Brought up to date. man-pages-*-Announce mtk Brought the info in here up to date. intro.1 mtk Added intro paragraph about section, plus a paragraph about exit status values. Move "user intro" text to NOTES. get_mempolicy.2 mtk Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically intro.2 mtk Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics. Moved _syscallN() material to new _syscall(2) page. mbind.2 mtk Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically mmap.2 Maxime Vaudequin Fix syntax error in example program. prctl.2 mtk Linux 2.6.22 added support on Alpha for PR_SET_UNALIGN. ptrace.2 Nicolas François / mtk s/PTRACE_POKEUSR/PTRACE_POKEUSER/ s/PTRACE_PEEKUSR/PTRACE_PEEKUSER/ read.2 mtk / Geoff Clare Add text describing timerfd EINVAL error for read(2). set_mempolicy.2 mtk Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically syscall.2 mtk Added _syscall(2) and intro(2) to SEE ALSO section. syscalls.2 mtk Added fallocate(2); removed timerfd(2). sysinfo.2 mtk Removed reference to example in intro(2). dlopen.3 mtk Added "Link with -ldl." to SYNOPSIS. getaddrinfo.3 Ulrich Drepper / mtk Remove references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3. gethostbyname.3 mtk / Ulrich Drepper Remove SEE ALSO references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3. Pádraig Brady / mtk / Ulrich Drepper Point out that the functions described on this page are made obsolete by getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3). getipnodebyname.3 mtk Clarify that glibc does not implement these functions. glob.3 Ulrich Drepper / mtk Fix description of GLOB_ONLYDIR. mtk Added description of GLOB_TILDE_NOMATCH. Expanded the description of various flags. Various wording fixes.. intro.3 mtk Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics. posix_fallocate.3 mtk Add SEE ALSO referring to fallocate.2. rpc.3 Sam Varshavchik Add some arg declarations to prototypes; fix typos. setbuf.3 Mike Frysinger Fix text in BUGS section. sigset.3 mtk The sigset() bugs were fixed in glibc 2.5. See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1951 intro.4 mtk Minor rewrites. st.4 Maxime Vaudequin Various small corrections, formattings and modifications. elf.5 Mike Frysinger Document: - new p_flag: PT_GNU_STACK - new sections: .gnu.version .gnu.version_d .gnu.version_r .note.GNU-stack - new structures: ElfN_Verdef ElfN_Verdaux ElfN_Verneed ElfN_Vernaux intro.5 mtk Minor rewrites. proc.5 Ivana Varekova / mtk Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled. Maxime Vaudequin Update description of /proc/pci. Maxime Vaudequin Give italic formatting to file names in proc.5. mtk The display type of the /proc/PID/stat fields changed %lu to %u in Linux 2.6.22: flags rt_priority policy slabinfo.5 Ivana Varekova / mtk Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled. intro.6 mtk Minor rewrites. bootparam.7 Maxime Vaudequin Update references to files in kernel "Documentation" directory. intro.7 mtk Minor rewrites. ipv6.7 Andrew McDonald Fix description of IPV6_ROUTER_ALERT option. standards.7 mtk Note online location of C99 standard. intro.8 mtk Some rewrites, plus new paragraph on exit status values. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.69 ==================== Released: 2007-12-03 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adam Borowski Alain Portal Andries E. Brouwer J. Bruce Fields David Härdeman Jeremy Kerr Luke Browning Mats Wichmann Maxime Vaudequin Mike Frysinger Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- *.[013]p mtk Many whitespace clean-ups in formatted output. mprotect.2 bind.2 mq_notify.3 makecontext.3 fmemopen.3 David Härdeman / mtk Rename error handling function in example program (s/die/handle_error/). Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Removed pages ------------- HOWTOHELP MAINTAINING mtk The content of these files is now available in HTML format. New links --------- cfsetspeed.3 mtk Link to termios.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- time.1 Alain Portal Added "Linux User's Manual" to .TH line. _syscall.2 aeb / mtk Remove outdated text about pointer blocks for syscalls that have more than 5 arguments. fcntl.2 J. Bruce Fields Add warning that mandatory locking is unreliable. J. Bruce Fields Clarify details in description of file leases. J. Bruce Fields / mtk Minor wording edits. J. Bruce Fields Add F_GETLEASE under RETURN VALUE. mmap.2 mtk Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro. sched_setscheduler.2 Mats Wichmann Add BUGS text noting that the return value from Linux sched_setschuler() does not conform to POSIX. spu_create.2 Jeremy Kerr Various updates and improvements. Luke Browning Refinement of text describing a "gang". mtk Minor edits. spu_run.2 Jeremy Kerr Various updates and improvements. mtk Minor edits. err.3 mtk Remove HISTORY section. fopen.3 Mike Frysinger Document 'e' (close-on-exec) option, new in glibc 2.7. getloadavg.3 Alain Portal / mtk Remove HISTORY section. printf.3 Andries E. Brouwer / mtk Fix the discussion of stdarg macros in the description of vprintf() description. sem_wait.3 mtk Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro. sigsetops.3 Mats Wichmann Note that sigset_t objects must be initialized with sigemptyset() or sigfillset() before the other macros are employed. termios.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Added cfsetspeed() to SYNOPSIS. Added text under CONFORMING TO noting that cfsetspeed() is BSD specific. ttyslot.3 Alain Portal Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.) initrd.4 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Move "Configuration" section to top of page (like other section 4 pages) and make it a .SH section. full.4 mtk Re-ordered CONFIGURATION section to go before DESCRIPTION. sk98lin.4 Maxime Vaudequin Fix reference to kernel Documentation file. elf.5 mtk Renamed HISTORY section to NOTES, and removed BSD specific info. proc.5 Maxime Vaudequin Mention grub(8) in same sentence as lilo(8). Maxime Vaudequin Improve description of /proc/sys/abi and /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe. utmp.5 Alain Portal Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.) iso_8859-2.7 Adam Borowski Reverse the 2.68 change applied by mtk in response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445085 that replaced "Sorbian" with "Serbian". (Sorbian is a language of 50000 people in Brandenburg.) man-pages.7 mtk Added CONFIGURATION to list of "standard" section names. spufs.7 Jeremy Kerr Various updates and improvements. mtk Minor edits. tcp.7 Maxime Vaudequin Fix reference to kernel Documentation file. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.70 ==================== Released: 2007-12-06 Global changes -------------- Many pages mtk Remove section numbers for page references where the reference refers to the page itself. (This stops man2html producing links from a page back to itself.) Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- get_mempolicy.2 mtk Add CONFORMING TO section. io_getevents.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. mbind.2 mtk Add CONFORMING TO section. msgop.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entries. sigprocmask.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. splice.2 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. Add SEE ALSO referring to vmsplice(2). csin.3 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. Add SEE ALSO referring to ccos(3). gethostbyname.3 mtk Add gethostbyaddr_r to NAME section. rint.3 mtk Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry. sigsetops.3 mtk Minor rewording. epoll.7 mtk Minor rewording. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.71 ==================== Released: 2007-12-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal John Sigler Josh Triplett Mats Wichmann Pascal MALAISE Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- err.3 fts.3 getloadavg.3 queue.3 rcmd.3 rexec.3 stdin.3 elf.5 operator.7 mtk Replaced the use of mdoc macros on these pages with man macros. The only pages in man-pages that still use mdoc macros are mdoc.7 and mdoc.samples.7. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Deleted pages ------------- TODO mtk This information is now on the website. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Changes.old mtk Reformat various change log entries to use a consistent format. Expand Debian bug report numbers to be URLs. Other minor tidy-ups. fcntl.2 mtk Document the F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC operation, which is new in kernel 2.6.24. listen.2 Josh Triplett Fix incorrect path for somaxconn. getpw.3 Alain PORTAL Add ENOENT error to ERRORS. sysconf.3 Mats Wichmann Add documentation of _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF and _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN. tty.4 John Sigler Add tty_ioctl(4) to SEE ALSO list. regex.7 Pascal MALAISE Separate text on back references from that describing basic regexps, as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379829. mtk Remove crufty text about word boundaries. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.72 ==================== Released: 2007-12-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Alex Tuninga Bert Wesarg Maxime Vaudequin Rob Weryk Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Alain PORTAL / mtk Format include files consistently (".I <.*\.h>"). Various pages Alain PORTAL / mtk Format pathname in italics (.I). dbopen.3 mpool.3 recno.3 Alain PORTAL Remove brackets ([]) around error names. console.4 tty.4 ttyS.4 issue.5 ttytype.5 utmp.5 mtk / Maxime Vaudequin Some systems have mingetty(8), others have agetty(8), so both should be mentioned when we are talking about getty-style programs. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Renamed pages ------------- filesystems.5 mtk / Alain PORTAL Was previously fs.5 New links --------- argz.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk Link to argz_add.3. envz.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk Link to envz_add.3. fs.5 mtk / Alain PORTAL Link to filesystems.5. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- readahead.2 Rob Weryk Fix declaration of 'offset' in SYNOPSIS. seteuid.2 mtk s/SETGUID/SETEUID/ in .TH line. __setfpucw.3 mtk Fixed include files references / formatting. abort.3 mtk, after a note by Alex Tuninga A fairly significant rewrite to clarify operation of abort(). argz_add.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk s/envz/envz_add/ in SEE ALSO. basename.3 mtk s/DIRNAME/BASENAME/ in .TH line, and swap function names in NAME section. envz_add.3 Bert Wesarg / mtk s/argz/argz_add/ in SEE ALSO. flockfile.3 mtk s/LOCKFILE/FLOCKFILE/ in .TH line. getgrent_r.3 mtk s/GETGRENT/GETGRENT_R/ in .TH line. stdio.3 Sam Varshavchik Reformat function list at end of page as a proper table. ttyslot.3 Maxime Vaudequin Revert earlier s/getty/mingetty/. This page talks about historical behavior, and that means "getty(8)". undocumented.3 mtk Remove reference to "obstack stuff"; it's not clear what that is about. console_ioctl.4 mtk s/CONSOLE_IOCTLS/CONSOLE_IOCTL/ in .TH line. proc.5 mtk s/fs (5)/filesystems (5)/ man-pages.7 mtk / Alain PORTAL Improve discussion of formatting of file names. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.73 ==================== Released: 2007-12-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Pádraig Brady Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Alain PORTAL Formatting fixes. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mknod.2 mtk, after a report by Reuben Thomas Clarify use of mkfifo() versus mknod(). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=455825 fgetgrent.3 mtk Small rewording. fgetpwent.3 mtk Small rewording. rcmd.3 mtk Noted feature test macro requirements. BUGS: noted that iruserok() is not declared in glibc headers. filesystems.5 mtk Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS to list of file systems. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.74 ==================== Released: 2007-12-20 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andrew Morton David Brown Jeremy Kerr Mats Wichmann Sam Morris Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Alain PORTAL Formatting fixes. Various pages mtk / Alain Portal s/``...''/"..."/ Various pages mtk s/epoch/Epoch/ Various pages mtk Make the standard indent for code samples, shell session logs, etc. to be ".in +4n". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _syscall.2 mtk Nowadays there is _syscall6() also. chroot.2 mtk Various minor formatting changes. epoll_wait.2 mtk Fix types in structs. Formatting fixes. mount.2 mtk, after a note by Sam Morris Clarify that MS_NODIRATIME provides a subset of the functionality provided by MS_NOATIME. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk Minor rearrangement of text. select_tut.2 mtk Fix (my) typos in argument names. Formatting fixes. spu_create.2 Jeremy Kerr We can use context FDs for the dirfd argument to the *at() syscalls. times.2 mtk, after a note from David Brown and Andrew Morton http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119447727031225&w=2 Rework the text describing the return value to be closer to the requirements of POSIX.1; move Linux details to NOTES and add a warning not to rely on those details. Add a warning about the -1 to -4095 bug which results in a 41 second window where the glibc wrapper will wrongly return -1 indicating an error. mtk Remove cruft HZ text. Clarify text describing return value of clock(3). getw.3 Mats Wichmann CONFORMING TO: getw() and putw() were in SUSv2, but are not in POSIX.1-2001. hash.3 mtk / Alain Portal Minor rewordings + formatting fixes. st.4 Alain Portal / mtk Many formatting fixes. mtk Place ERRORS in alphabetical order. vcs.4 Samuel Thibault Document VT_GETHIFONTMASK (new in 2.6.18) and add to example program; attribute/text characters are in the host byte order. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=456437 mtk Minor edits. bootparam.7 Alain PORTAL Formatting fixes. inotify.7 mtk Minor heading changes and reformattings. man-pages.7 mtk Note that code segments, structure definitions, shell session logs, should be indented by 4 spaces. spufs.7 Jeremy Kerr Add a little information about the differences to mbox. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.75 ==================== Released: 2008-01-08 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Andreas Henriksson Jeremy Kerr Justin Pryzby Phil Endecott Sam Varshavchik Thomas Huriaux Timo Sirainen Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk (Grammatical) hyphenation was fixed in many places. epoll_wait.2 mbind.2 spu_run.2 ecvt.3 fmtmsg.3 getnameinfo.3 rtc.4 proc.5 charsets.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 raw.7 uri.7 Justin Pryzby / mtk Fix incorrect usage of "a" and "an" before following vowel / consonant, by reviewing the output of the following scripts: for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do echo $a MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null | egrep '(^| )an [^aeiou][a-z]' done | less for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do echo $a MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null | egrep '(^| )a [aeiou][a-z]' done| less err.3 fts.3 queue.3 rcmd.3 rexec.3 stdin.3 elf.5 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Improve macros used in 2.71 to convert from "mdoc" to "man". _exit.2 chroot.2 getgid.2 getpid.2 getrusage.2 getsid.2 gettid.2 getuid.2 iopl.2 kill.2 personality.2 pivot_root.2 ptrace.2 sched_setparam.2 sched_setscheduler.2 sched_yield.2 seteuid.2 setgid.2 setpgid.2 setresuid.2 setreuid.2 setuid.2 unlink.2 wait.2 openpty.3 raise.3 setlogmask.3 sleep.3 ttyslot.3 ulimit.3 tty.4 tty_ioctl.4 path_resolution.7 mtk s/current process/calling process/ cacheflush.2 clone.2 fcntl.2 getitimer.2 getrlimit.2 mmap.2 mprotect.2 times.2 adjtime.3 byteorder.3 inet.3 offsetof.3 rtc.4 icmp.7 pipe.7 time.7 mtk s/x86/i386/ since that is the name used in 'arch' directories in the kernel source, and previously both i386 and x86 were both used in man pages; also nowadays 'x86' is somewhat ambiguous, since it is the name of the 'arch' directory for i386 and x86-64. conj.3 cacos.3 cacosh.3 cabs.3 carg.3 casin.3 casinh.3 catan.3 catanh.3 ccos.3 ccosh.3 cexp.3 cimag.3 clog.3 cosh.3 creal.3 csin.3 csinh.3 ctan.3 ctanh.3 sinh.3 tanh.3 mtk Various reformattings. Various pages Alain Portal Formating fixes. mlock.2 mprotect.2 mpool.3 offsetof.3 Alain Portal Format SYNOPSIS in a manner consistent with other pages. Various pages mtk / Alain Portal Format casts so that there is a non-breaking space after the type, and remove unnecessary parentheses around the casted value. Thus, for example, the following: .IR "(size_t) (\-1)" . becomes: .IR "(size_t)\ \-1" . Various pages mtk / Alain Portal Replace "-" by "\-" where a real dash is required. Various pages mtk Make the formatting of instances of '*varname' consistent, changing instances such as: .RI * varname to: .I *varname pciconfig_read.2 nfsservctl.2 bstring.3 cpow.3 getipnodebyname.3 getpwnam.3 getrpcent.3 lsearch.3 malloc_hook.3 mpool.3 stdin.3 strtol.3 strtoul.3 unlocked_stdio.3 regex.3 sd.4 resolv.conf.5 utmp.5 futex.7 mtk Format SYNOPSIS consistently. drand48.3 drand48_r.3 flockfile.3 erf.3 sigvec.3 timeradd.3 wprintf.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Standardize sentence used under "Feature Test Macro Requirements" when referring to all functions shown in the SYNOPSIS. get_kernel_syms.2 getdents.2 getitimer.2 nanosleep.2 query_module.2 statvfs.2 clock_getres.3 getaddrinfo.3 getgrent.3 getipnodebyname.3 console_ioctl.4 tty_ioctl.4 rtnetlink.7 mtk Indent structure definitions by +4n. recv.2 btree.3 dbopen.3 ether_aton.3 fts.3 hash.3 mpool.3 profil.3 rcmd.3 recno.3 rpc.3 xdr.3 console_ioctl.4 ddp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 svipc.7 mtk Use C99 standard types in declarations. s/u_long/unsigned long/ s/ulong/unsigned long/ s/u_char/unsigned char/ s/u_short/unsigned short/ s/ushort/unsigned short/ s/u_int8_t/uint8_t/ s/u_int16_t/uint16_t/ s/u_int32_t/uint32_t/ s/u_int/unsigned int/ exit_group.2 fallocate.2 getdents.2 ioctl_list.2 nfsservctl.2 sched_setaffinity.2 set_tid_address.2 ustat.2 argz_add.3 confstr.3 envz_add.3 getline.3 getpwnam.3 gets.3 getw.3 inet_ntop.3 inet_pton.3 offsetof.3 console_ioctl.4 termcap.5 ascii.7 feature_test_macros.7 netlink.7 operator.7 svipc.7 mtk Fix unbalanced .nf/.fi pairs. chmod.2 getxattr.2 listxattr.2 lseek.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 stat.2 feature_test_macros.7 fpathconf.3 fopen.3 mtk Rename argument: s/file*des/fd/ , since that is the name most commonly used on man pages for a file descriptor argument. bindresvport.3 des_crypt.3 getopt.3 getrpcent.3 realpath.3 rpc.3 xdr.3 mtk Removed .SM macros. madvise.2 getdirentries.3 printf.3 sigvec.3 mtk Remove extraneous .br macro before/after .SH/.SS. _syscall.2 lookup_dcookie.2 aio_cancel.3 aio_error.3 aio_fsync.3 aio_read.3 aio_return.3 aio_write.3 canonicalize_file_name.3 envz_add.3 getgrouplist.3 getttyent.3 key_setsecret.3 mtrace.3 tcgetpgrp.3 tcgetsid.3 ttyslot.3 tty_ioctl.4 mtk Remove extraneous .sp macros. fcntl.2 outb.2 send.2 syscalls.2 getopt.3 proc.5 man-pages.7 standards.7 tcp.7 mtk Remove/replace extraneous .sp macros. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _syscall.2 mtk Nowadays there are seven macros (see 2.74 change log also). arch_prctl.2 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen Clarify interpretation of 'addr'; plus a few other minor edits and updates. bind.2 mtk Minor rewrites. close.2 mtk Clarify relationship between file descriptor and open file description. connect.2 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen Since kernel 2.2, AF_UNSPEC for unconnecting a connected socket *is* supported. execve.2 Alain Portal Minor rewordings. futimesat.2 Alain Portal Remove duplicate "#include " from SYNOPSIS. getgid.2 mtk Add getresgid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO. getpagesize.2 mtk Small rewording. getresuid.2 mtk Rewrote various parts. getuid.2 mtk Add getresuid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO. ioctl_list.2 Alain Portal Use proper tables for layout, and various formatting fixes. mtk Various formatting fixes. listen.2 mtk Rewrote various parts. mbind.2 Andi Kleen / mtk / Alain Portal Modify explanation of EINVAL 'maxnode' error. mmap.2 mtk Add comma to clarify meaning of a sentence. open.2 mtk Clarify initial description of O_EXCL. Clarify description of behaviors of O_CREAT | O_EXCL for symbolic links. Clarify text describing use of lockfiles without O_EXCL. mtk, with input from Timo Sirainen and Trond Myklebust O_EXCL is supported on NFSv3 and later, with Linux 2.6 and later. pipe.2 mtk Rename 'filedes' argument 'pipefd'. pivot_root.2 mtk s/cwd/current working directory/ seteuid.2 mtk Minor changes. setpgid.2 mtk Add credentials(7) to SEE ALSO, and updated copyright credits, to reflect my rewrite of a few months ago. setsid.2 mtk Add getsid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO. spu_create.2 Alain Portal / mtk; acked by Jeremy Kerr Minor formatting/wording changes. mtk Put EPERM in right alphabetical position in ERRORS list. argz_add.3 mtk Formatting fixes. atexit.3 mtk Minor changes to example program. cerf.3 mtk These functions are still not present as at glibc 2.7. dbopen.3 Alain Portal / mtk Various minor spelling and formatting fixes. envz_add.3 mtk Formatting fixes. fexecve.3 mtk Fix placement of feature test macro in SYNOPSIS. fmax.3 fmin.3 mtk Small rewording. getline.3 mtk Minor changes to example program. getrpcent.3 getrpcport.3 mtk Use modern C prototypes in SYNOPSIS. getutent.3 Alain Portal / mtk Formatting fixes. mbsnrtowcs.3 mbsrtowcs.3 mbstowcs.3 mtk Use .IP tags to create properly formatted lists. rpc.3 mtk Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes. Add text and start of page describing header files and types required by functions. Reformat discussion of request under clnt_control(). xdr.3 mtk Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes. Remove crufty "int empty" from xdrrec_eof() description. console_codes.4 Phil Endecott Relocate misplaced line: "and if LF/NL (new line mode) is set also a carriage return;" as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458338. console_ioctl.4 mtk Formatting fixes. bootparam.7 mtk, after a note by Alan Portal Fix reference to kernel documentation source file in the "The Sound Driver" subsection. man-pages.7 Alain Portal Move CONFIGURATION description after SYNOPSIS description. mtk / Alain Portal Note that header files should be surrounded by angle brackets (<>). posixoptions.7 mtk Minor formatting and wording fixes. rtnetlink.7 Andreas Henriksson Fix description of RTM_F_EQUALIZE. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458325. signal.7 mtk Minor formatting and wording fixes. socket.7 mtk Small rewording of discussion of O_ASYNC. spufs.7 mtk / Jeremy Kerr / Alain Portal s/SPE/SPU/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.76 ==================== Released: 2008-01-14 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon Jeremy Kerr Sam Varshavchik Trond Myklebust Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- longjmp.3 printf.3 scanf.3 setbuf.3 setjmp.3 sk98lin.4 environ.7 mtk Rework/remove use of ".ad" macros. ioctl_list.2 mlock.2 mprotect.2 mremap.2 syslog.2 cfree.3 mpool.3 offsetof.3 rpc.3 stdin.3 mtk Fix unbalanced quotes in formatting macros. ftok.3 mtk s/i-node/inode/, for consistency with other pages and POSIX.1-2001. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chown.2 mtk Minor wording change. dup.2 mtk Reordered text in DESCRIPTION and added some details for dup2(). open.2 Trond Myklebust / mtk Minor fix to O_EXCL changes in previous release. gettid.2 mtk Rewrote DESCRIPTION; noted that thread ID is not the same thing as a POSIX thread ID. pipe.2 mtk Rewrote DESCRIPTION; minor additions to EXAMPLE text. umask.2 mtk A few rewrites and additions. strptime.3 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon / mtk Add "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE" to example program. initrd.4 mtk Use quotes more consistently in formatting macros. random.4 mtk, after a report by Daniel Kahn Gilmor Add 2.6 details for /proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=459232. pthreads.7 mtk Minor changes. spufs.7 mtk / Jeremy Kerr Define abbreviation "MSS". ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.77 ==================== Released: 2008-01-31 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Pavel Heimlich Phil Endecott Thomas Huriaux Vincent Lefevre WANG Cong Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- stdarg.3 bootparam.7 Thomas Huriaux Fix broken use of single quotes at start of line, as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462636 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- remove_COLOPHON.sh mtk Script to remove the COLOPHON section from the man pages provided as command-line arguments. This is useful to remove the COLOPHON sections from all of the man pages in two different release trees in order to do a "diff -ruN" to see the "real" differences between the trees. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fcntl.2 mtk Replace tables with .TP macros. fork.2 mtk Added discussion of directory streams. Removed "#include " from SYNOPSIS. Changed authorship notice. futex.2 mtk Add ENOSYS error to errors. Phil Endecott Explicitly describe return value in the event of an error. inotify_add_watch.2 mtk Minor wording changes. splice.2 WANG Cong Fix types for 2 and 4 arguments in splice prototype. wait.2 Phil Endecott Clarify description of return value for WNOHANG. tkill.2 mtk Rewrote DESCRIPTION; emphasized that tkill() is obsoleted by tgkill(). alloca.3 mtk Change description in NAME section. Various rewrites and additions (including notes on longjmp() and SIGSEGV). mtk / Vincent Lefevre Weaken warning against use of alloca(), and point out some cases where it can be useful; as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=461100. bootparam.7 Pavel Heimlich Remove junk line. inotify.7 mtk Replace tables with .TP macros. s/MultiSource Synchronization/MultiSource Synchronization (MSS)/ ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.78 ==================== Released: 2008-02-15 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Davide Libenzi Greg Banks Michael Tokarev Phil Endecott Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- sigaction.2 signal.2 sigwaitinfo.2 signal.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry referring to new signalfd.2 page. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- eventfd.2 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi Documents the eventfd() system call, new in 2.6.22. signalfd.2 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi Documents the signalfd() system call, new in 2.6.22. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- futex.2 mtk / Phil Endecott Improve wording describing error returns. open.2 Greg Banks Greatly expand the detail on O_DIRECT. reboot.2 mtk / Michael Tokarev Fix RETURN VALUE description: in some cases reboot() does not return. mtk Rename the 'flag' argument to 'cmd', since that is more meaningful, and also what is used in the kernel source. Other minor wording changes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.79 ==================== Released: 2008-03-07 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries E. Brouwer Chris Heath Davide Libenzi Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao Heikki Orsila Jeremy Kerr Justin Pryzby Lasse Kärkkäinen Michael Haardt Mike Frysinger Ron Burk Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Walter Harms Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. New pages --------- timerfd_create.2 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi Documents the timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and timerfd_gettime() system calls, which are new in 2.6.25. New links --------- timerfd_gettime.2 timerfd_settime.2 mtk Links to new timerfd_create.2 page. eventfd_read.3 eventfd_write.3 mtk Links to eventfd.2. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- Makefile aeb Remove code relating to man1/README, which no longer exists. execve.2 mtk Clarify detail of RLIMIT_STACK/4 limit for argv+environ. getitimer.2 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2. getrusage.2 mtk Minor rewordings. open.2 Michael Haardt Move discussion of 'mode' argument under description of O_CREAT. signalfd.2 mtk Fix type for 'ssi_ptr' field. See http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2008-01/msg00002.html. syscalls.2 mtk Add timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and timerfd_gettime() to list. syslog.2 Jeremy Kerr Add info on command type 10. Add details on types 6, 7, 8, and 9. Minor grammar fix. mtk Update LOG_BUF_LEN details. Update RETURN VALUE section. Notes capability requirements under EPERM error. Minor fix to description of type==3 and type==4. Other minor edits. ctime.3 Walter Harms Note that POSIX requires localtime() to act as though tzset() was called, but localtime_r() does not have the same requirement. See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/2034/ getaddrinfo.3 mtk Clarify discussion of NULL 'hints' argument; other minor rewrites. mtk / Sam Varshavchik Remove some duplicated text. malloc.3 Lasse Kärkkäinen / Mike Frysinger / mtk Clarify description of realloc() behavior for ((size == 0) && (ptr != NULL)). posix_fallocate.3 Samuel Thibault s/stdlib.h/fcntl.h/ in SYNOPSIS. proc.5 Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao Update /proc/[number]/cmdline description. It used to be true that the command line arguments were not accessible when the process had been swapped out. In ancient kernels (circa 2.0.*) the problem was that the kernel relied on get_phys_addr to access the user space buffer, which stopped working as soon as the process was swapped out. Recent kernels use get_user_pages for the same purpose and thus they should not have that limitation. epoll.7 Davide Libenzi / mtk Clarify the somewhat unintuitive behavior that occurs if a file descriptor in an epoll set is closed while other file descriptors referring to the same underlying open file description remain open. See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/596462/. mtk Clarify error that occurs if we add an epoll fd to its own set. mtk A few minor rewordings. mtk, after a note by Chris Heath Rework Q1/A1, describing what happens when adding the same file descriptor twice to an epoll set, and when adding duplicate file descriptors to the same epoll set. Heikki Orsila / mtk / Davide Libenzi Clarify Q9/A9 to discuss packet/token-oriented files. mtk, after comments by Davide Libenzi and Chris Heath Added Q0/A0, making explicit that the key for items in an epoll set is [file descriptor, open file description]. mtk, after a note by Ron Burk Change A3, to note that when events are available, the epoll file descriptor will indicate as being readable. mtk Add some further explanation to Q5/A5 about why an epoll file descriptor cannot be passed across a Unix domain socket. posixoptions.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry for standards(7). regex.7 mtk Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348552. standards.7 mtk Add SEE ALSO entry for posixoptions(7). time.7 mtk Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2. ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.80 ==================== Released: 2008-06-05 Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Alain Portal Andreas Herrmann Andrew Morton Andries E. Brouwer Anoop Aurelien Gerome Daniel Burr Davide Libenzi Felix Kater Folkert van Heusden Hamaji Shinichiro Heikki Orsila Ingo Molnar Justin Pryzby Karsten Weiss Martin Pitt Marty Leisner Nicolas François Nick Piggin Petter Reinholdtsen Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Stuart Brady Theodoros V. Kalamatianos Thomas Huriaux Tim Stoakes Timothy Baldwin Tolga Dalman Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- bdflush.2 inotify_add_watch.2 mprotect.2 sigprocmask.2 ctime.3 getusershell.3 setbuf.3 st.4 ip.7 packet.7 mtk Replace "(il)legal" by "(not) permitted" or "(in)valid". read.2 utime.2 filesystems.5 packet.7 mtk s/time stamp/timestamp/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. madvise.2 mbind.2 mincore.2 mmap.2 mmap2.2 msync.2 remap_file_pages.2 mtk Change name of 'start' argument to 'addr' for consistency with: * other memory-related interfaces * POSIX specification (for those interfaces in POSIX) * Linux and glibc source code (in at least some cases) Various pages mtk s/filesystem/file system/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. Various pages mtk s/zeroes/zeros/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. abs.3 proc.5 mtk s/builtin/built-in/, for consistency with majority use in other pages, and in POSIX.1. mknod.2 ftw.3 mtk s/normal file/regular file/ Various pages mtk s/nonempty/non-empty/ Various pages mtk s/nonzero/non-zero/ Various pages mtk s/realtime/real-time/, for consistency with majority usage. Various pages mtk s/command line/command-line/ when used attributively. Various pages mtk Use "run time" when non-attributive, "run-time" when attributive. Various pages mtk Various pages that I wrote carried a slightly modified version of the "verbatim" license. In the interests of minimizing license proliferation, I've reverted the modified form so that the license is exactly the same as on other pages carrying the verbatim license. epoll_ctl.2 getitimer.2 getrlimit.2 unix.7 mtk s/since kernel x.y.z/since Linux x.y.z/ wait.2 inotify.7 mtk Reformat kernel version information for flags. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François.) New pages --------- random_r.3 mtk, after a suggestion by aeb Documents random_r(3), srandom_r(3), initstate_r(3), and setstate_r(3), which are the reentrant equivalents of random(3), srandom(3), initstate(3), and setstate(3). New links --------- lutimes.3 mtk Link to futimes.3. initstate_r.3 setstate_r.3 srandom_r.3 mtk Links to random_r.3. daylight.3 timezone.3 tzname.3 mtk Links to tzset.3. isnanf.3 isnanl.3 mtk Links to finite.3. encrypt_r.3 setkey_r.3 mtk Links to encrypt.3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk Added note that CLONE_STOPPED (which no-one uses anyway) is now deprecated. epoll_create.2 mtk Add NOTES section pointing out that 'size' argument is unused since kernel 2.6.8. epoll_ctl.2 mtk Added portability note to BUGS text for EPOLL_CTL_DEL. epoll_wait.2 mtk If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then epoll_pwait() is equivalent to epoll_wait(). fork.2 mtk NOTES: since glibc 2.3.3, the glibc NPTL fork() wrapper bypasses the fork() system call to invoke clone() with flags providing equivalent functionality. futex.2 mtk, after a note from Adrian Bunk FUTEX_FD has been removed, as of kernel 2.6.26. futimesat.2 mtk Note that this system call is made obsolete by utimensat(2). getgroups.2 Petter Reinholdtsen SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284. mtk NGROUPS_MAX increased in kernel 2.6.4. SEE ALSO: Add credentials(7). mtk Reformat DESCRIPTION and RETURN VALUE sections to be more consistent with man-pages style. Add some more detail to descriptions of system calls. Clarified what happens if caller of getgroups() is a member of more than 'size' supplementary groups. ERRORS: Add ENOMEM. getpriority.2 mtk, after a note from Ingo Molnar Add text in NOTES about the punchier effect of nice values in kernel 2.6.23 and later. Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-nice-design.txt to SEE ALSO list. gettid.2 mtk Added VERSIONS section noting that this system call first appeared in 2.4.11. kill.2 Marty Leisner / mtk Add text explicitly noting that sig==0 can be used to check for the existence of a PID or PGID. mtk A few minor rewordings. mbind.2 mtk The location of the numactl package has changed. mmap.2 mtk Added some .SS headings to make structure of page a little more obvious. mtk, with input from Nick Piggin MAP_POPULATE supports both file and anonymous mappings. Since 2.6.23, MAP_POPULATE supports private mappings. Since 2.6.23, MAP_NONBLOCK causes MAP_POPULATE to be a no-op. mtk NOTES: Added details on mapping address that is selected by kernel when MAP_FIXED is / isn't specified. mount.2 mtk The MS_REMOUNT changes in 2.4 were at 2.4.10 (not 2.4). mtk Minor wording change. msgctl.2 mtk Clarify that "unused" fields in msginfo structure are "unused within the kernel". msginfo.msgpool is measured in kilobytes, not bytes. Minor rewordings in comments for msginfo structure. msgop.2 mtk Various minor rewordings and restructurings for clarity. mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas Remove "msgop" from NAME section. mkdir.2 mtk Clarify meaning of "BSD group semantics". SEE ALSO: add chown(2). mknod.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2). mmap.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add mprotect(2) and shmat(2). mprotect.2 Hamaji Shinichiro SYNOPSIS: s/size_t \*len/size_t len/ open.2 mtk Note that O_CLOEXEC should be in the next POSIX.1 revision. mtk More than just ext2 supports "mount -o bsdgroups" nowadays, so make the discussion about group ownership of new files a bit more generic. mtk SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2). poll.2 mtk If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then ppoll() is equivalent to poll() with respect to signal mask manipulations. posix_fadvise.2 mtk s/posix_madvise (2)/posix_madvise (3)/; (The referred-to page still doesn't exist yet, but hopefully will do sometime soon.) ptrace.2 Anoop, Acked by Roland McGrath. Re PTRACE_PEEKUSER: the offsets and data returned might not match with the definition of struct user. See also http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/5/8/375 recv.2 Felix Kater / mtk Improve wording for EAGAIN error in discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT. rmdir.2 Martin Pitt POSIX.1 also allows EEXIST for the ENOTEMPTY error condition. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=467552. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk, with input from Ingo Molnar Add description of SCHED_IDLE policy (new in 2.6.23). Tweak description of SCHED_BATCH. Minor rewordings. select_tut.2 Justin Pryzby Various wording clean-ups. semctl.2 mtk Clarify that "unused" fields in seminfo structure are "unused within the kernel". Minor rewordings in comments for seminfo structure. semop.2 Aurelien Gerome Small fix in example code. setpgid.2 mtk / Karsten Weiss Clarify description of setpgid() a little. shmctl.2 mtk Clarify that "unused" fields in shminfo structure are "unused within the kernel". Minor rewordings in comments for shminfo structure. shmop.2 mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas Remove "shmop" from NAME section. signalfd.2 mtk Added BUGS text noting that before kernel 2.6.25, the ssi_int and ssi_ptr fields are not set. Added comments describing fields in signalfd_siginfo structure. Update field names in example program (s/signo/ssi_signo/). Various small fixes, and remove duplicated sentence. Minor edits to structure definition. sigqueue.2 mtk Added some comments to code in NOTES. stat.2 mtk Minor wording change. symlink.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add lchown(2). sync_file_range.2 mtk / Andrew Morton Remove statement that (SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER) is a traditional fdatasync(2) operation. See https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=421482 comments 129 to 131. syscalls.2 mtk This page is now up to date as at kernel 2.6.25. syslog.2 mtk Small tidy up of language relating to permissions/capabilities. timerfd_create.2 mtk Minor change to example program. Minor wording change. utime.2 Reuben Thomas Remove unnecessary subheading for utimes(). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=477402. mtk Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls always change *both* timestamps). CONFORMING TO: utimes() is in POSIX.1-2001. mtk Rename 'buf' argument of utime() to 'times' (like utimes()). Clarify explanation of EACCES and EPERM errors. Remove BUGS section, since it doesn't seem to add useful information. Clarified discussion of capabilities, and noted that CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE also has a role. Other minor rewordings. wait.2 mtk, after a note by Justin Pryzby Add a sentence clarifying that even though the default disposition of SIGCHLD is "ignore", explicitly setting the disposition to SIG_IGN results in different treatment of zombies. aio_cancel.3 aio_error.3 aio_fsync.3 aio_read.3 aio_return.3 aio_suspend.3 aio_write.3 Kevin O'Gorman Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS. backtrace.3 Nicolas François s/backtrace_symbols/backtrace_symbols_fd/ in one sentence. mtk Fix bogus reference to variable 'strings': should be: "the array of pointers". ctime.3 mtk Add warning under NOTES that asctime(), ctime(), gmtime(), and localtime() may each overwrite the static object returned by any of the other calls. Other minor edits. dlopen.3 mtk Add more detail to the description of the fields in the structure returned by dladdr(). fexecve.3 mtk Clean up SYNOPSIS after work by cut-and-paste-Pete: the necessary header file is not ! futimes.3 mtk Add documentation of lutimes(), which appeared in glibc 2.6. mtk Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls always change *both* timestamps). CONFORMING TO: futimes() did not come from 4.2BSD. (It came from FreeBSD; see the FreeBSD man page.) getenv.3 mtk Noted that caller must not modify returned value string. Noted that getenv() is not reentrant: the buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by later calls to getenv(), putenv(), setenv(), or unsetenv(). Other minor rewrites. getgrent.3 Petter Reinholdtsen SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284. gethostbyname.3 mtk Add 'h_errno' to NAME list. getopt.3 mtk Add 'optarg', 'optind', 'opterr', and 'optopt' to NAME section. Add subheading for getopt_long() and getopt_long_only() description. getpt.3 mtk Point out that this function should be avoided in favor of posix_openpt(). Add ERRORS section referring to open(2). getsubopt.3 Daniel Burr SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of valuep. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476672. malloc.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: Note circumstances in which successful malloc() and calloc() can return NULL. mq_open.3 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner Note that is needed for O_* constants and is needed for 'mode' constants. opendir.3 mtk Describe treatment of close-on-exec flag by opendir() and fdopendir(). openpty.3 mtk SEE ALSO: add ttyname(3). raise.3 mtk / Timothy Baldwin Clarify semantics of raise() when called from a multithreaded program. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476484. mtk Rewrites and additions to various parts of the page. rand.3 Tolga Dalman / aeb / mtk Remove outdated warning in NOTES; encourage the use of random(3) instead. Folkert van Heusden Clarify wording describing range of values returned by rand(). random.3 aeb / mtk / Tolga Dalman Recommend use or random_r(3) for multithreaded applications that need independent, reproducible sequences of random numbers. Move references to "The Art of Computer Programming" and "Numerical Recipes", formerly in rand(3), to this page. Add drand48(93) to SEE ALSO list. regex.3 Heikki Orsila Clarify description of 'rm_eo' field. sem_open.3 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner Note that is needed for O_* constants and is needed for 'mode' constants. sem_post.3 mtk Added pointer to example in sem_wait(3). sem_close.3 sem_destroy.3 sem_getvalue.3 sem_init.3 sem_open.3 sem_post.3 sem_unlink.3 sem_wait.3 mtk, after a note from Marty Leisner Add text to SYNOPSIS noting the need to link with "-lrt" or "-pthread". setenv.3 mtk setenv() copies 'name' and 'value' (contrast with putenv()). unsetenv() of a nonexistent variable does nothing and is considered successful. Noted that setenv() and unsetenv() need not be reentrant. shm_open.3 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner Note that is needed for O_* constants and is needed for 'mode' constants. undocumented.3 mtk initstate_r(3), setkey_r(3), setstate_r(3) are now documented. utmp.5 Nicolas François Small rewording. resolv.conf.5 Nicolas François gethostname() is in Section 2, not section 3. ascii.7 Stuart Brady Fix rendering of ' (backtick) and apostrophe (') in tables charsets.7 Nicolas François s/unicode.com/unicode.org/ credentials.7 mtk NOTES: Pthreads requires that all threads share the same UIDs and GIDs. But the Linux kernel maintains separate UIDs and GIDs for every thread. NPTL does some work to ensure that credential changes by any thread are carried through to all POSIX threads in a process. mtk sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX) can be used to determine the number of supplementary groups that a process may belong to. Clarify that supplementary group IDs are specified in POSIX.1-2001. epoll.7 mtk, after a note from Sam Varshavchik For answer A2, change "not recommended" to "careful programming may be required". inotify.7 mtk Document SIGIO feature (new in 2.6.25) for inotify file descriptors. mtk Note that select()/poll()/epoll_wait() indicate a ready inotify file descriptor as readable. mtk Document IN_ATTRIB in a little more detail. pthreads.7 Justin Pryzby Grammar fix, plus fix typo in script. mtk Add list of thread-safe functions. standards.7 mtk Add a section on the upcoming POSIX revision. ld.so.8 Justin Pryzby / mtk Various wording improvements. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.00 ==================== Released: 2008-06-12, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries Brouwer Stuart Brady Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- The POSIX.1 man pages (sections 0p, 1p, 3p) have been moved out of this package into the separate man-pages-posix package. This made sense because those pages are seldom changed (only formatting fixes, etc.) so that it was unnecessary to redistribute them with each man-pages release. console_codes.4 random.4 dir_colors.5 proc.5 glob.7 Stuart Brady s/`/\`/ for backquotes used in command substitution, for proper rendering in UTF-8. Various pages mtk, after a note from Stuart Brady Using /'x'/ to denote a character (string) renders poorly in UTF-8, where the two ' characters render as closing single quotes. On the other hand, using /`x'/ renders nicely on UTF-8, where proper opening and closing single quotes are produced by groff(1), but looks ugly when rendered in ASCII. Using the sequence /\\aqx\\aq/ produces a reasonable rendering ('\\aq' is a vertical "apostrophe quote") in both UTF-8 and ASCII. So that change is made in a number of pages. See also http://www.cl.cal.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/quotes.html. Various pages mtk Replace form /`string'/ by /"string"/, since the former renders poorly in ASCII. termios.3 console_codes.4 tty_ioctl.4 termcap.5 charsets.7 mtk Control character names (^X) are written boldface, without quotes. printf.3 scanf.3 proc.5 glob.7 regex.7 mtk Various edits to try and bring some consistency to the use of quotes. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- tty_ioctl.4 mtk Small rewordings in description of packet mode. locale.7 mtk Minor formatting fixes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.01 ==================== Released: 2008-06-25, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andreas Herrmann Andrew P Andrew Clayton Bart Van Assche Christian Borntraeger Christoph Hellwig Daniele Giacomini Dorin Lazar George Spelvin Jason Englander Jeff Moyer Laurent Vivier Masatake YAMOTO Matt Mackall Neil Horman Pavel Machek Peter Zijlstra Petr Baudis Petr Gajdos Roman Zippel Sam Varshavchik Samuel Thibault Stephane Chazelas Stuart Cunningham Thomas Gleixner Tolga Dalman Yao Zhao WANG Cong Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- acct.5 mtk A complete rewrite of this page, now with much more detail. hostname.7 mtk A description of hostname resolution. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2, and lightly edited for man-pages style. symlink.7 mtk A description of symbolic links. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2, but heavily edited for Linux details, improved readability, and man-pages style. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- getrlimit.2 mtk / Peter Zijlstra Add description of RLIMIT_RTTIME limit, new in 2.6.25. mkstemp.3 mtk Add description of mkostemp(), new in glibc 2.7. core.5 mtk, after a note by Petr Gajdos; review by Neil Horman Document core_pattern pipe syntax, which appeared in kernel 2.6.19. Add an example program demonstrating use of core_pattern pipe syntax. mtk Document /proc/PID/coredump_filter, new in kernel 2.6.23. Documentation was based on the text in Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt, plus testing, and checking the kernel source. proc.5 mtk Document /proc/PID/oom_score, which was new in kernel 2.6.11. This file displays the "badness" score of the process, which provides the basis for OOM-killer decisions. mtk Document /proc/PID/oom_adj, which was new in kernel 2.6.11. This file influences the oom_score of a process. mtk Document /proc/PID/limits, which was new in 2.6.24. This file displays a process's resource limits. mtk Document /proc/PID/fdinfo/*, which was new in 2.6.22. These files display info about each descriptor opened by the process: the current file offset, and the file access mode + file status flags as set in open() or fcntl(F_SETFL). mtk Document /proc/PID/mountinfo, which was new in 2.6.26. This file displays information about mount points. Closely based on text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. mtk Document /proc/PID/mountstats, which was new in 2.6.17. This file displays statistics about mount points. mtk Document /proc/PID/status. Samuel Thibault / mtk, review by Laurent Vivier, Christian Borntraeger, and Andrew P Document guest (virtual CPU) time field in /proc/stat. Document guest (virtual CPU) time fields in /proc/PID/stat. New links --------- mkostemp.3 mtk Link to mkstemp.3. getcwd.2 mtk Link to getcwd.3, which describes several interfaces, among them getcwd(), which is in fact a system call. Global changes -------------- sched_setaffinity.2 sched_setscheduler.2 set_mempolicy.2 mbind.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add cpuset(7). chown.2 faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 getxattr.2 link.2 linkat.2 listxattr.2 open.2 readlink.2 removexattr.2 rename.2 setxattr.2 stat.2 symlink.2 symlinkat.2 unlink.2 futimes.3 remove.3 path_resolution.7 mtk SEE ALSO: Add symlink(7). intro.1 time.1 fcntl.2 gethostbyname.3 ioctl_list.2 mtk Wrap source lines so that new sentence starts on new line. addseverity.3 backtrace.3 dlopen.3 fmtmsg.3 getnameinfo.3 getpt.3 grantpt.3 makecontext.3 ptsname.3 tcgetsid.3 unlockpt.3 wordexp.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section. msgctl.2 msgget.2 semget.2 semop.2 pciconfig_read.2 basename.3 cmsg.3 ftok.3 console_ioctl.4 tzfile.5 mq_overview.7 pty.7 mtk For consistency, "fix" cases where argument of .B or .I was on the following source line. adjtimex.2 getrusage.2 io_getevents.2 poll.2 select.2 semop.2 sigwaitinfo.2 aio_suspend.3 clock_getres.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 sem_wait.3 proc.5 mtk SEE ALSO: add time(7) Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François and Alain Portal.) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- acct.2 mtk Add a few more words to DESCRIPTION. NOTES: Add pointer to acct(5). alarm.2 Alain Portal s/process/calling process/ so as to say that the alarm signal is delivered to the calling process. brk.2 Yao Zhao / mtk Clarify discussion of return value of sbrk(). mtk DESCRIPTION: Add some sentences giving an overview of these interfaces. Add note recommending use of malloc(3). Change name of brk() argument to the simpler 'addr'. Add "(void *)" cast to "-1" for error return of sbrk(). Removed some incorrect text about "brk(0)". Note that SUSv2 specified the return value of sbrk(). Added a detail on the glibc brk() wrapper. Remove discussions of old standards (C89 and POSIX.1-1990); CONFORMING TO already discusses the situation with respect to more recent standards. chmod.2 mtk Clarify description of chmod() and fchmod(). Add further detail on S_ISUID, S_ISGID, and S_ISVTX permissions. Reformat list of permissions bits. chown.2 mtk Describe rules governing ownership of new files (bsdgroups versus sysvgroups, and the effect of the parent directory's set-group-ID permission bit). chroot.2 Alain Portal Clarify description a little. s/changes the root directory/ changes the root directory of the calling process/ execve.2 mtk Fix text that warns against use of NULL argv and envp. Using a NULL envp does in fact seem to be portable (works on Solaris and FreeBSD), but the Linux semantics for a NULL argv certainly aren't consistent with other implementations. See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408. getdents.2 mtk, after a note from George Spelvin Document d_type field, present since kernel 2.6.4. Other minor edits. getitimer.2 mtk Noted that POSIX.1 leaves interactions with alarm(), sleep(), and usleep() unspecified. Linux 2.6.16 removed the MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling on timer values. Other minor changes. io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 mtk, after a note by Masatake YAMOTO and input from Jeff Moyer Describe the unconventional error return provided by the wrapper function in libaio (and contrast with behavior if the system call is invoked via syscall(2)). See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ltp/4445/ Alain Portal / mtk Re-order ERRORS and SEE ALSO entries to be alphabetical. io_getevents.2 Alain Portal Small wording fix. io_submit.2 Jeff Moyer s/AIO request blocks/AIO control blocks/ mknod.2 mtk Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a (possibly dangling) symbolic link. nanosleep.2 mtk, after a report from Stephane Chazelas Remove crufty discussion of HZ, and replace with a pointer to time(7). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=485636 mtk, after some discussions with Bart Van Assche and Roman Zippel NOTES: describe CLOCK_REALTIME versus CLOCK_NANOSLEEP See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/696854/ "nanosleep() uses CLOCK_MONOTONIC, should be CLOCK_REALTIME?" mtk Replace mentions of "process' by "thread". NOTES: describe case where clock_nanosleep() can be preferable. Some minor rewrites. open.2 mtk, after a note from Christoph Hellwig NOTES: Note that access mode flags are not single bits, and document the Linuxism "access mode 3". See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/653123. readdir.2 mtk Minor wording fixes. recv.2 Alain Portal Add comment to 'ee_pad' field in structure definition. sched_setscheduler.2 mtk Add pointer to discussion of RLIMIT_RTTIME in getrlimit.2. mtk, after a note by Andrew Clayton Rewrote and restructured various parts of the page for greater clarity. mtk Add more detail to the rules that are applied when an unprivileged process with a non-zero RLIMIT_RTPRIO limit changes policy and priority. SEE ALSO: Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-rt-group.txt sync_file_range.2 Pavel Machek SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE can block on writes greater than request queue size. For some background, see http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/687713/focus=688340 syscalls.2 mtk Added system call history back to version 1.2. Fix typo on kernel version for pivot_root(). syslog.2 WANG Cong Document ENOSYS error, which can occur if kernel was built without CONFIG_PRINTK. utime.2 Nicolas François Clarify description of 'times' array for utimes(). adjtime.3 mtk The longstanding bug that if delta was NULL, olddelta didn't return the outstanding clock adjustment, is now fixed (since glibc 2.8 + kernel 2.6.26). http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug?id=2449 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761 dprintf.3 mtk Note that these functions are included in the next POSIX revision. Remove editorial discussion about what the functions should have been named. ftime.3 mtk Rewrote various pieces, and added some details. getaddrinfo.3 mtk Improve description or 'hints' and 'res' arguments. Add details on numeric strings that can be specified for 'node'. Other fairly major restructurings and rewrites to improve logical structure and clarity of the page. SEE ALSO: Add hostname(7). gethostbyname.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: Add reference to inet_addr(3) for dotted notation. SEE ALSO: add inet(3). mtk Added BUGS section noting that gethostbyname() does not recognize hexadecimal components in dotted address strings; See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482973 getmntent.3 mtk, after Stuart Cunningham pointed out the typo Remove statement that LSB deprecates the functions "endmntent(), setmntent() [sic] and setmntent()". This doesn't seem to be true (I can't find mention of it being deprecated in any of the LSB specs). Rather, LSB simply doesn't specify these functions. (LSB 1.3 had a spec of setmntent(), but not getmntent() or endmntent(), and noted that having a spec of setmntent() was of little use without also having a spec of getmntent().) See also https://lists.linux-foundation.org/pipermail/lsb-discuss/2006-October/003078.html getnameinfo.3 Tolga Dalman Remove mention of sa_len field from example code. That field is a BSDism not present on Linux. mtk Various minor changes. inet.3 mtk / Stephane Chazelas inet_aton() is *not* in POSIX.1. Rewrote discussion of why inet_addr() is disfavored. SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482979. mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas Describe the various address forms supported by inet_aton(). mtk Rewrite description of inet_network(). Clarify discussion of inet_lnaof(), inet_netof(), and inet_makeaddr(). Add discussion of Classful Addressing, noting that it is obsolete. Added an EXAMPLE program. mtk Relocate discussion of i386 byte order to NOTES. Note that inet_aton() returns an address in network byte order. SEE ALSO: Add byteorder(3) and getnameinfo(3). inet_ntop.3 mtk Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS. SEE ALSO: Add inet(3) and getnameinfo(3). Make NAME line more precise. Move errors to an ERRORS section. Add EXAMPLE section pointing to inet_pton(3). inet_pton.3 mtk / Stephane Chazelas Remove statement that inet_pton() extends inet_ntoa(); that's not really true, since inet_pton() doesn't support all of the string forms that are supported by inet_ntoa(). SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3). as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482987. mtk Describe IPv6 address formats. Describe dotted decimal format in more detail. Add an example program. mtk Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS. Make NAME line more precise. Make description of return value more precise. SEE ALSO: Add inet(3). mkfifo.3 mtk Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a (possibly dangling) symbolic link. mkstemp.3 mtk Fix discussion of O_EXCL flag. These functions may also fail for any of the errors described in open(2). Various other rewordings. readdir.3 mtk Document DT_LNK (symbolic link) for d_type field. Reorder DT_ entries alphabetically. remainder.3 mtk Recommend against drem(), in favor of remainder(). scanf.3 mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas Add an ERRORS section documenting at least some of the errors that may occur for scanf(). See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254. mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas; review by Stephane Chazelas Document the GNU 'a' modifier for dynamically allocating strings. See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254. Document the GNU 'm' modifier for dynamically allocating strings. strcat.3 Andreas Herrmann s/strcat/strncat/ (a typo that changed the semantics in DESCRIPTION). strerror.3 mtk, after a note from Daniele Giacomini Modify SYNOPSIS to show protoypes of both versions of strerror_r(), and make other small clarifications of the description regarding the two versions. random.4 George Spelvin (taking time out from his busy Broadway schedule), with some tweaks by Matt Mackall and mtk Add a Usage subsection that recommends most users to use /dev/urandom, and emphasizes parsimonious usage of /dev/random. locale.5 Petr Baudis LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday. proc.5 mtk The vaious CPU time fields in /proc/stat and /proc/PID/stat return time in clock ticks (USER_HZ, cputime_to_clock_t(), sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)). Updated, clarified and expanded the description several fields in /proc/[number]/stat. mtk Clarified and expanded the description of /proc/[number]/fd. mtk Updated and clarified the description of /proc/[number]/statm. mtk Updated and clarified the description of /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state. mtk Many formatting, wording, and grammar fixes. man-pages.7 mtk Enhanced description of VERSIONS section. mq_overview.7 mtk Note that Linux does not currently support ACLs for POSIX message queues. sem_overview.7 mtk Note that Linux supports ACLs on POSIX named semaphores since 2.6.19. time.7 mtk, with some suggestions from Bart Van Assche and Thomas Gleixner Added some details about where jiffies come into play. Added section on high-resolution timers. Mentioned a few other time-related interfaces at various points in the page. See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/697378. unix.7 mtk, after a note by Samuel Thibault Provide a clear description of the three types of address that can appear in the sockaddr_un structure: pathname, unnamed, and abstract. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.02 ==================== Released: 2008-07-02, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Reuben Thomas Sam Varshavchik Stephane Chazelas WANG Cong Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- clock_nanosleep.2 mtk A description of the clock_nanosleep() system call, which was added in kernel 2.6. getgrouplist.3 mtk A near complete rewrite, including additional information and a new example program. getutmp.3 mtk Documents getutmp(3) and getutmpx(3). gnu_get_libc_version.3 mtk Documents gnu_get_libc_version(3) and gnu_get_libc_release(3). sigwait.3 mtk Documents sigwait(3). shm_overview.7 mtk An overview of the POSIX shared memory API. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- updwtmp.3 mtk Document updwtmpx(3). New links --------- getutmpx.3 mtk Link to getutmp.3. gnu_get_libc_release.3 mtk Link to gnu_get_libc_version.3 updwtmpx.3 mtk Link to updwtmp.3 utmpxname.3 mtk Link to getutent.3. utmpx.5 mtk Link to utmp.5. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/user name/username/ Various pages mtk s/host name/hostname/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fchmodat.2 Alain Portal SEE ALSO: add symlink.7. (3.01 changelog wrongly said this had been done.) io_setup.2 Alain Portal Remove superfluous text from RETURN VALUE. mmap.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add mmap(2), shm_overview(7). shmget.2 shmop.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7). sigreturn.2 mtk Added a bit more detail on what sigreturn() actually does. signalfd.2 sigsuspend.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3). sigwaitinfo.2 mtk Describe behavior when multiple threads are blocked in sigwaitinfo()/sigtimedwait(). SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3). dirfd.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: describe return value on success. Add an ERRORS section documenting POSIX.1-specified errors. getaddrinfo.3 mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas getaddrinfo() supports specifying IPv6 scope-IDs. getlogin.3 mtk ERRORS: add ENOTTY. SEE ALSO: add utmp(5). getutent.3 WANG Cong utmpname() does return a value. mtk Add paragraph to start of DESCRIPTION recommending use of POSIX.1 "utmpx" functions. CONFORMING TO: mention utmpxname(). Add an ERRORS section. There are no utmpx equivalents of the _r reentrant functions. Clarify discussion of return values. Add pointer to definition of utmp structure in utmp(5). Clarify discussion of utmpx file on other systems (versus Linux situation). getutent.3 mtk SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3) inet_pton.3 Stephane Chazelas Fix error in description of IPv6 presentation format: s/x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x/x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/. setbuf.3 Reuben Thomas / mtk Fix confused wording for return value of setvbuf(). Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=488104. mtk Other minor rewordings. shm_open.3 mtk SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7). random.4 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Slight rewording to make life easier for non-native English speakers. utmp.5 mtk Add discussion of POSIX.1 utmpx specification. Provide a little more detail on fields of utmp structure. Added comments to macros for ut_type field. Correct the description of the ut_id field. mtk Consolidate duplicated information about ut_tv and ut_session on biarch platforms. mtk Move some text from CONFORMING TO to NOTES. Removed some crufty text. SEE ALSO: add login(3), logout(3), logwtmp(3). UT_LINESIZE is 32 (not 12). mtk SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3) man-pages.7 mtk Enhanced the discussion of font conventions. signal.7 mtk Note that the delivery order of multiple pending standard signals is unspecified. SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3). ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.03 ==================== Released: 2008-07-08, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andi Kleen Hidetoshi Seto Li Zefan Paul Jackson Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getcpu.2 Andi Kleen, with some text and edits by mtk Documents the getcpu(2) system call, introduced in Linux 2.6.19. sched_getcpu.3 mtk Documents sched_getcpu(3), a wrapper for getcpu(2), provided since glibc 2.6. cpuset.7 Paul Jackson, with review and editing by mtk, and comments by Hidetoshi Seto and Li Zefan A description of the cpuset file system, the mechanism introduced kernel 2.6.12 for confining processes to designated processors and nodes. (Becomes the fourth largest page in man-pages!) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- readdir.3 mtk Add documentation of readdir_r(). New links --------- updwtmpx.3 Alain Portal Link to updwtmp.3 (3.02 changelog wrongly said this had been done). readdir_r.3 mtk Link to readdir.3. Global changes -------------- get_mempolicy.2 mbind.2 sched_setaffinity.2 set_mempolicy.2 mtk SEE ALSO: Add getcpu(2). accept.2 close.2 connect.2 dup.2 epoll_wait.2 fcntl.2 flock.2 futex.2 msgop.2 poll.2 read.2 recv.2 select.2 semop.2 send.2 sigwaitinfo.2 spu_run.2 wait.2 write.2 aio_suspend.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 scanf.3 sem_wait.3 usleep.3 inotify.7 mtk ERRORS: Added reference to signal(7) in discussion of EINTR. Various pages mtk Wrapped very long source lines. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 mtk Small wording change. io_getevents.2 mtk ERRORS: Add EINTR error. open.2 mtk ERRORS: Add EINTR error. sigaction.2 mtk Note circumstances in which each SA_* flag is meaningful. mtk Describe POSIX specification, and Linux semantics for SA_NOCLDWAIT when establishing a handler for SIGCHLD. mtk Add pointer under SA_RESTART to new text in signal(7) describing system call restarting. mtk Other minor edits. truncate.2 mtk ERRORS: Added EINTR error. A few minor rewordings. wait.2 mtk Remove statement that WUNTRACED and WCONTINUED only have effect if SA_NOCLDSTOP has not been set for SIGCHLD. That's not true. errno.3 mtk Add a pointer to signal(7) for further explanation of EINTR. getgrouplist.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add passwd(5). readdir.3 mtk Remove from SYNOPSIS; POSIX.1-2001 does not require it. Some minor rewordings. sleep.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: explicitly mention interruption by signal handler. SEE ALSO: add signal(7). usleep.3 mtk POSIX.1-2001 also only documents EINVAL. group.5 mtk SEE ALSO: Add getgrent(3), getgrnam(3). passwd.5 mtk SEE ALSO: Add getpwent(3), getpwnam(3). proc.5 mtk Add pointer to description of /proc/PID/cpuset in cpuset(7). signal.7 mtk Add a section describing system call restarting, and noting which system calls are affected by SA_RESTART, and which system calls are never restarted. mtk Describe the aberrant Linux behavior whereby a stop signal plus SIGCONT can interrupt some system calls, even if no signal handler has been established, and note the system calls that behave this way. mtk Note a few more architectures on which signal numbers are valid. SEE ALSO: added a number of pages. mtk Update async-signal-safe function list for POSIX.1-2004 (which adds sockatmark()). ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.04 ==================== Released: 2008-07-15, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andrea Arcangeli Andreas Mohr Andrew Morgan Erik Bosman John Brooks Nikanth Karthikesan Pavel Heimlich Petr Gajdos Sam Varshavchik Serge Hallyn Sripathi Kodi Vincent Lefevre Apologies if I missed anyone! Web site -------- licenses.html mtk A page describing the preferred licenses for new pages that are contributed to man-pages. New and rewritten pages ----------------------- utimensat.2 mtk New page documenting the utimensat() system call, new in 2.6.22, and futimens() library function. end.3 mtk Documents etext, edata, and end symbols. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- memchr.3 mtk Add description of rawmemchr(). proc.5 mtk Document /proc/config.gz (new in kernel 2.6). mtk, based on text from Documentation/vm/sysctl.txt Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_kill_allocating_task (new in Linux 2.6.24). Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_dump_tasks (new in Linux 2.6.25). Document /proc/sys/vm/panic_on_oom (new in Linux 2.6.18). New links --------- edata.3 etext.3 mtk Links to end.3. futimens.3 mtk Link to new utimensat.2. getdate_err.3 mtk Link to getdate.3. h_errno.3 mtk Link to gethostbyname.3. optarg.3 opterr.3 optind.3 optopt.3 mtk Links to getopt.3. rawmemchr.3 mtk Link to memchr.3. sys_errlist.3 sys_nerr.3 mtk Links to perror.3. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/parameter/argument/ when talking about the things given to a function call, for consistency with majority usage. Various pages mtk s/UNIX/Unix/, when not used as part of a trademark, for consistency with majority usage in pages. Various pages mtk, after a note from Alain Portal Put SEE ALSO entries into alphabetical order. Various pages mtk Remove period at end of SEE ALSO list. Various pages mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Even when the CONFORMING TO section is just a list of standards, they should be terminated by a period. getpriority.2 MB_LEN_MAX.3 MB_CUR_MAX.3 fwide.3 mblen.3 rtime.3 st.4 proc.5 bootparam.7 man-pages.7 utf-8.7 tcp.5 mtk / Alain Portal Small wording fixes -- express <=, <, >=, > in words when in running text. sched_setparam.2 sched_setscheduler.2 getgrent_r.3 hash.3 mtk Minor rewording w.r.t. use of the term "parameter". Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. (Many, many thanks to Alain Portal!) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 Andrew Morgan Update in line with addition of file capabilities and 64-bit capability sets in kernel 2.6.2[45]. clock_nanosleep.2 mtk Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS. getrusage.2 Sripathi Kodi Document RUSAGE_THREAD, new in 2.6.26. mtk Improve description of RUSAGE_CHILDREN. Add pointer to /proc/PID/stat in proc(5). Other minor clean-ups. ioprio_set.2 Nikanth Karthikesan Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is longer required to set a low priority (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE). mount.2 mtk Since Linux 2.6.26, MS_RDONLY honors bind mounts. openat.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add utimensat(3). prctl.2 Serge Hallyn, with some edits/input from mtk Document PR_CAPBSET_READ and PR_CAPBSET_DROP. Erik Bosman Document PR_GET_TSC and PR_SET_TSC. mtk, reviewed by Andrea Arcangeli Document PR_SET_SECCOMP and PR_GET_SECCOMP. mtk PR_SET_KEEPCAPS and PR_GET_KEEPCAPS operate on a per-thread setting, not a per-process setting. mtk Clarify fork(2) details for PR_SET_PDEATHSIG. mtk Add description of PR_SET_SECUREBITS and PR_GET_SECUREBITS, as well as pointer to further info in capabilities(7). mtk PR_GET_ENDIAN returns endianness info in location pointed to by arg2 (not as function result, as was implied by previous text). mtk Expand description of PR_SET_NAME and PR_GET_NAME. mtk RETURN VALUE: bring up to date for various options. mtk Various improvements in ERRORS. mtk Note that PR_SET_TIMING setting of PR_TIMING_TIMESTAMP is not currently implemented. mtk Minor changes: * Clarify wording for PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_FPEMU, and PR_GET_FPEXC. * Some reformatting of kernel version information. * Reorder PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN entries. readlinkat.2 John Brooks / mtk Fix and reword erroneous RETURN VALUE text. recv.2 mtk Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2. sched_setaffinity.2 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch Update type used for cpusetsize argument in SYNOPSIS. select.2 Andreas Mohr / mtk Clarify "zero timeout" case. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=490868. send.2 mtk Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2. sigaction.2 mtk Document si_overrun and si_tid fields of siginfo structure. Add some text for si_trapno field. The si_errno field is *generally* unused. mtk Put descriptions of SA_* constants in alphabetical order. signal.2 mtk Rewrote and expanded portability discussion. NOTES: Show the raw prototype of signal() (without use of sighandler_t). signalfd.2 mtk Modify description of ssi_trapno field. swapon.2 mtk Fix two version number typos for MAX_SWAPFILES discussion: s/2.6.10/2.4.10/ utime.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add utimensat(2), futimens(3). dl_iterate_phdr.3 Alain Portal SEE ALSO: Add elf(5). crypt.3 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch Describe additional encryption algorithms. See also: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=428280. errno.3 mtk Small rewrites in DESCRIPTION. exec.3 mtk, after a note from Alain Portal Small rewording. exp10.3 Alain Portal SEE ALSO: Add log10(3). exp2.3 Alain Portal Add C99 to CONFORMING TO. fgetgrent.3 Alain Portal Add references to group(5). mtk Minor rewordings. SEE ALSO: add fopen(3). fgetpwent.3 Alain Portal Add reference to passwd(5). mtk Minor rewordings. SEE ALSO: add fopen(3). frexp.3 Alain Portal Add C99 to CONFORMING TO. futimes.3 mtk SEE ALSO: remove futimesat(2); add utimensat(2). getopt.3 mtk Add details on initial value of optind, and note that it can be reset (to 1) to restart scanning of an argument vector. Add a NOTES section describing the glibc-specific behavior when optind is reset to 0 (rather than 1). See http://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.programmer/browse_thread/thread/be0d0b7a07a165fb mtk Note glibc extensions under CONFORMING TO. getspnam.3 mtk Improve comments on struct spwd. getpw.3 Alain Portal RETURN VALUE: note that errno is set on error. mtk Add EINVAL error. insque.3 mtk / Alain Portal Minor rewordings. log.3 Alain Portal Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS. log10.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add exp10(3). offsetof.3 Alain Portal Small wording improvement. pow.3 Alain Portal Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS. printf.3 mtk / Alain Portal Many small formatting fixes. proc.5 mtk Remove redundant summary list of files in description of /proc/sys/kernel. Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/panic_on_oops more precise. Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max more precise. Add Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt to SEE ALSO. Other minor edits. profil.3 mtk / Alain Portal Small wording improvement. rtime.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Clarify meaning of midnight on 1 Jan 1900/1970. mtk Remove netdate(1) and rdate(1) from SEE ALSO, since these pages don't seem to exist on Linux systems. scanf.3 Vincent Lefevre / mtk Clarify treatment of initial white space by %% conversion specification. as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435648. mtk Many small formatting fixes. stdin.3 Alain Portal Rename CONSIDERATIONS section to NOTES, and relocate to appropriate place on page. tmpfile.3 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal Prepend "POSIX.1-2001 specifies that: " to the sentence stating that tmpfile() may write to stdout. (AFAICS, glibc's tmpfile() does not do this.) ttyname.3 Alain Portal Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS. wcsdup.3 Alain Portal Make wording more precise: the memory allocated by wcsdup(3) *should* be freed with free(3). wordexp.3 Alain Portal / mtk Move example into proper EXAMPLE section. tty_ioctl.4 mtk / Petr Gajdos The features in the "Get and Set Window Size" subsection require the inclusion of . capabilities.7 Serge Hallyn, plus a bit of work by mtk Document file capabilities, per-process capability bounding set, changed semantics for CAP_SETPCAP, and other changes in 2.6.2[45]. Add CAP_MAC_ADMIN, CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE, CAP_SETFCAP. Various smaller fixes. mtk, plus review by Serge Hallyn and Andrew Morgan Add text detailing how CAP_SETPCAP (theoretically) permits -- on pre-2.6.25 kernels, and 2.6.25 and later kernels with file capabilities disabled -- a thread to change the capability sets of another thread. Add section describing rules for programmatically adjusting thread capability sets. Add some words describing purpose of inheritable set. Note existence of CONFIG_SECURITY_CAPABILITIES config option. Describe rationale for capability bounding set. Document securebits flags (new in 2.6.26). Remove obsolete BUGS section. SEE ALSO: Add getcap(8), setcap(8), and various libcap pages. mtk Add text noting that if we set the effective flag for one file capability, then we must also set the effective flag for all other capabilities where the permitted or inheritable bit is set. mtk Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is no longer required for ioprio_set() to set IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE class. mtk Reword discussion of CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE to be file-system neutral. man-pages.7 mtk A list of standards in the CONFORMING TO list should be terminated by a period. The list of pages in a SEE ALSO list should not be terminated by a period. tcp.7 mtk Correct a detail for sysctl_tcp_adv_win_scale. Formatting fixes. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.05 ==================== Released: 2008-07-23, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Brian M. Carlson Fabian Kreutz Franck Jousseaume Sam Varshavchik Uli Schlacter Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- matherr.3 mtk, with review by Andries Brouwer A description of the SVID-specified mechanism for reporting math exceptions. See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/266. math_error.7 mtk, with review and suggested input from Andries Brouwer A description of how math functions report errors. See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/249. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively. Various pages mtk For consistency with majority usage: s/plus infinity/positive infinity/ s/minus infinity/negative infinity/ Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- brk.2 mtk SEE ALSO: add end(3). open.2 Brian M. Carlson / mtk Remove ambiguity in description of support for O_EXCL on NFS. As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=491791. prctl.2 mtk Place options in some semblance of alphabetical order. (No content or formatting changes were made.) cerf.3 mtk Bump version number: these functions are still missing in glibc 2.8. fenv.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7). INFINITY.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7). nan.3 mtk Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece in SYNOPSIS. SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7). rpc.3 mtk / Franck Jousseaume Fix errors introduced into a few prototypes when converting function declarations to use modern C prototypes in man-pages-2.75. ipv6.7 mtk, after a report from Uli Schlacter Document the IPV6_V6ONLY flag. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.06 ==================== Released: 2008-08-05, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andreas Jaeger Andries Brouwer Fabian Kreutz Gernot Tenchio Sam Varshavchik Tolga Dalman Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- erfc.3 mtk Created after removing the erfc() material from erf.3. Documents the complementary error function. y0.3 mtk Created after removing the y*() material from j0.3. Documents the Bessel functions of the second kind. Included ERRORS section; noted that an exception is not raised on underflow, see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6806; and errno is not set on overflow, see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6808; Included BUGS section noting that errno is incorrectly set for pole error; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6807. scalbln.3 mtk Created after removing the scalbln*() and scalbn*() material from scalb.3. Documents scalbln() and scalbn() functions. Included ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803. New and changed links --------------------- erfcf.3 erfcl.3 mtk Changed these links to point to new erfc.3 page. scalblnf.3 scalblnl.3 scalbn.3 scalbnf.3 scalbnl.3 mtk Changed these links to point to new scalbln.3 page. y0f.3 y0l.3 y1.3 y1f.3 y1l.3 yn.3 ynf.3 ynl.3 mtk Changed these links to point to new y0.3 page. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- crypt.3 mtk Tweak discuss text describing support for Blowfish. ctime.3 mtk / Gernot Tenchio Added some words to make clear that the string returned by ctime() and asctime() is null-terminated. math_error.7 Sam Varshavchik Reverse order of SYNOPSIS and NAME sections. mtk NOTES: Summarize the state of glibc support for exceptions and errno for error reporting. Changes to individual pages (math functions) -------------------------------------------- Almost all of the changes in this release relate to math man pages. Very many changes were made to the math pages, including: * Fixed feature test macros (FTMs). Often, the FTM requirements for the "float" and "long double" versions of a math function are different from the requirements for the "double" version. Each math page now shows the correct FTM requirements for all three versions of the function(s) it describes. This may have required either a change to the existing FTM text (if the requirements for the "double" function were already described), or the addition of an FTM description to a SYNOPSIS where one was not previously present (typically because the "double" version of the function does not require any FTMs to be defined). * CONFORMING TO: in many cases, POSIX.1-2001 was not mentioned. Where a function is specified in POSIX.1-2001, this is now noted. Also, statements about what other standards a function conforms to were generally clarified. (The wording about which functions conformed to C99 was previously often done as an add on sentence; now it is made part of the first sentence of the CONFORMING TO section, along with POSIX.1-2001.) * RETURN VALUE: in many cases, pages lacked descriptions of the return value when the function arguments are special values such as +0, -0, NaN (not-a-number), +infinity, -infinity, etc. This has been fixed. I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these functions match the RETURN VALUE descriptions (and the POSIX.1-2001 requirements). * ERRORS: many pages lacked a clear (or indeed any) description of how errno is set on error and what exception is raised for each error. This has been fixed. The ERRORS sections are now generally headed up as per the POSIX.1 way of doing things, describing Pole / Range / Domain errors, as applicable. I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these functions match the ERRORS descriptions. Deviations from POSIX.1-2001 requirements have been filed as glibc bug reports, and noted in the man pages. (The pages now describe the situation for ERRORS as at glibc 2.8; I may eventually try and extend the text with descriptions of changes in older versions of glibc.) NOTE: one point that has not been covered in any page is the circumstances that generate inexact (FE_INEXACT) exceptions. (The details for these exceptions are not specified in POSIX.1-2001, and I haven't gone looking for the standards that describe the details.) acos.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. acosh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. asin.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. asinh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. atan.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. atan2.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. atanh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM, when it should be ERANGE instead; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759. cbrt.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. ceil.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Enhanced. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. NOTES: Added some details. copysign.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Updated CONFORMING TO. cos.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Rewrote RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780. Updated CONFORMING TO. cosh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. erf.3 mtk Removed the erfc() material (there is now a new erfc page). Reason: the functions are logically separate; also their return values differ, and it would have been confusing to document them on the same page. SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6785. Updated CONFORMING TO. exp.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6786. Updated CONFORMING TO. exp10.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for underflow; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6787. exp2.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Updated CONFORMING TO. expm1.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for overflow; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section, describing bogus underflow exception for -large, see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6778; and describing bogus invalid exception for certain +large, see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6814. fabs.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Updated CONFORMING TO. fdim.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6796. Updated CONFORMING TO. fenv.3 mtk Make style of writing exception names consistent with other pages and POSIX.1-2001. Updated CONFORMING TO. finite.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. floor.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Enhanced. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. fma.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: Some rewording. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801. Updated CONFORMING TO. fmax.3 fmin.3 mtk NAME: Make description clearer SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. fmod.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783. Updated CONFORMING TO. fpclassify.3 mtk Minor wording changes. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. SEE ALSO: Add signbit(3). frexp.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added details to RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. gamma.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added (null) RETURN VALUE section referring to tgamma(3). Added (null) ERRORS section referring to tgamma(3). CONFORMING TO: Rewrote. hypot.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: note that calculation is done without causing undue overflow or underflow. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6795. Updated CONFORMING TO. ilogb.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Rewrote RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set, and in some cases an exception is not raised; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6794. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. isgreater.3 mtk NAME: Make description clearer Improve the description of isunordered(). Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Formatting fixes. A few wording improvements. j0.3 mtk Removed material for the y*() functions to a separate y0.3 page. Reason: the return values and errors/exceptions differ, and it would have been confusing to document them on the same page. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6805. ldexp.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Updated CONFORMING TO. lgamma.3 mtk Note that these functions are deprecated. SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections referring to lgamma(3). Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM, when it should be ERANGE instead; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777. log.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. log10.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. log1p.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6792. Updated CONFORMING TO. log2.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. logb.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: added a little detail; some rewordings. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6793. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. lrint.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: some rewording. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6798. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. lround.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6797. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. modf.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) ERRORS section. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. nan.3 mtk Small wording changes. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. nextafter.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6799. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. pow.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM, when it should be ERANGE instead; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776. remainder.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: added some details. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783. Updated CONFORMING TO. Added BUGS section noting that remainder(nan(""), 0) wrongly causes a domain error; see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6779 remquo.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801. Updated CONFORMING TO. fmax.3 fmin.3 mtk NAME: Make description clearer SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. fmod.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783. Updated CONFORMING TO. fpclassify.3 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. rint.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: added some details. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading). CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. NOTES: point out that lrint() may be preferred in some cases. round.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: added some details. RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases. ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading). CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. NOTES: point out that lround() may be preferred in some cases. scalb.3 mtk Removed the scalbn() and scalbln() material to a separate scalbln.3 page. Reason: scalb() is obsolete; also the exception/error conditions differ somewhat, so that it would have been confusing to document them on the same page. SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements. DESCRIPTION: some rewrites and added details. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6804. CONFORMING TO: Rewrote. signbit.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. sin.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781. Updated CONFORMING TO. sincos.3 mtk DESCRIPTION: Added details for special argument cases. Added (null) RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. sinh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. sqrt.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. tan.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added ERRORS section. Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782. Updated CONFORMING TO. tanh.3 mtk SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements. Added RETURN VALUE section. Added (null) ERRORS section. Updated CONFORMING TO. tgamma.3 mtk Added RETURN VALUE section. Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set / incorrectly set in some cases; see also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6809 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6810. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added NOTES section to hold text explaining origin of tgamma(). trunc.3 mtk RETURN VALUE: small rewording. CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001. Added NOTES section explaining that result may be too large to store in an integer type. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.07 ==================== Released: 2008-08-12, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Portal Andries Brouwer Christoph Lameter Cliff Wickman Fabian Kreutz Filippo Santovito Gerrit Renker Heikki Orsila Khalil GHORBAL Lee Schermerhorn Maxin John Reuben Thomas Samuel Thibault Sam Varshavchik Soh Kam Yung Stephane Chazelas Pavel Heimlich Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- move_pages.2 Christoph Lameter, various edits and improvements by mtk Documentation of the move_pages() system call. This page was formerly part of the numactl package, but really belongs in man-pages (since it describes a kernel interface). clock_getcpuclockid.3 mtk New page documenting the clock_getcpuclockid() library function, available since glibc 2.2. udplite.7 Gerrit Renker Document the Linux implementation of the UDP-Lite protocol, new in Linux 2.6.20. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- proc.5 Christoph Lameter, minor edits and improvements by mtk Documentation of the /proc/PID/numa_maps file. This material was formerly the numa_maps.5 page in the numactl package, but really belongs in man-pages (since it describes a kernel interface). Global changes -------------- nanosleep.2 inet_ntop.3 inet_pton.3 scanf.3 initrd.4 mtk Fix mis-ordered (.SH) sections. connect.2 socket.2 rtnetlink.3 arp.7 ddp.7 ip.7 ipv6.7 netlink.7 packet.7 raw.7 rtnetlink.7 socket.7 tcp.7 udp.7 unix.7 x25.7 mtk s/PF_/AF_/ for socket family constants. Reasons: the AF_ and PF_ constants have always had the same values; there never has been a protocol family that had more than one address family, and POSIX.1-2001 only specifies the AF_* constants. Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several other places. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 mtk The floating-point environment is reset to the default during an execve(). get_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn Misc cleanup of get_mempolicy(2): + mention that any mode flags will be saved with mode. I don't bother to document mode flags here because we already have a pointer to set_mempolicy(2) for more info on memory policy. mode flags are discussed there. + remove some old, obsolete [IMO] NOTES and 'roff comments. Lee Schermerhorn Update the get_mempolicy(2) man page to add in the description of the MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED flag, added in 2.6.23. mtk Document additional EINVAL error that occurs is MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED is specified with either MPOL_F_ADDR or MPOL_F_NODE. getitimer.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks getitimer() and setitimer() obsolete. mbind.2 Lee Schermerhorn Fix error conditions, now that the kernel silently ignores nodes outside the task's cpuset, as long as one valid node remains. Now that cpuset man page exists, we can refer to it. Remove stale comment regarding lack thereof. Lee Schermerhorn Add brief discussion of mode flags. Lee Schermerhorn Attempt to clarify discussion of MPOL_DEFAULT. mtk Fix URI reference for libnuma. mprotect.2 mtk / Maxin John Remove EFAULT from errors. Under ENOMEM error, note that EFAULT was the error produced in some cases for kernels before 2.4.19. msgctl.2 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/. set_mempolicy.2 Lee Schermerhorn Fix up the error return for nodemask containing nodes disallowed by the process' current cpuset. Disallowed nodes are now silently ignored, as long as the nodemask contains at least one node that is on-line, allowed by the process' cpuset and has memory. Now that we have a cpuset man page, we can refer to cpusets directly in the man page text. Lee Schermerhorn Another attempt to rationalize description of MPOL_DEFAULT. Since ~2.6.25, the system default memory policy is "local allocation". MPOL_DEFAULT itself is a request to remove any non-default policy and "fall back" to the surrounding context. Try to say that without delving into implementation details. Lee Schermerhorn Add discussion of mempolicy mode flags to set_mempolicy(2). This adds another reason for EINVAL. setpgid.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks setpgrp() obsolete. semctl.2 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/. shmctl.2 Filippo Santovito / mtk In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/. utime.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks utime() obsolete. CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the POSIX.1-2001 LEGACY marking of utimes(), so mention of this point has been removed from the page. vfork.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of vfork(). atan2.3 Fabian Kreutz SEE ALSO Add carg(3). bcmp.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bcmp(). bsd_signal.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification ofcw bsd_signal(). bzero.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bzero(). cexp2.3 mtk AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc as at version 2.8. clock_getres.3 mtk SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3). clog2.3 mtk AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc as at version 2.8. ctime.3 mtk POSIX.1-2008 marks asctime(), asctime_r(), ctime(), and ctime_r() as obsolete. dprintf.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: These functions are nowadays in POSIX.1-2008. ecvt.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of ecvt() and fcvt(). ftime.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ftime(). ftw.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ftw() as obsolete. gcvt.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gcvt(). getcwd.3 Reuben Thomas / mtk Clarify description of getcwd() for buf==NULL case; CONFORMING TO: According to POSIX.1, the behavior of getcwd() is unspecified for the buf==NULL case. mtk Add an introductory paragraph giving an overview of what these functions do. Fix error in description of getwd(): it does not truncate the pathname; rather, it gives an error if the pathname exceeds PATH_MAX bytes. Rewrote RETURN VALUE section. Add EINVAL ENAMETOOLONG errors for getwd(). Various other clarifications and wording fixes. CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2001 does not define any errors for getwd(). CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getwd(). gethostbyname.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and h_errno. gets.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gets(). iconv.3 iconv_close.3 iconv_open.3 mtk VERSIONS: These functions are available in glibc since version 2.1. index.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of index() and rindex(). isalpha.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks isalpha() as obsolete. makecontext.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of makecontext() and swapcontext(). memchr.3 mtk VERSIONS: memrchr() since glibc 2.2; rawmemchr() since glibc 2.1. mempcpy.3 mtk VERSIONS: mempcpy() since glibc 2.1. mktemp.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of mktemp(). opendir.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies fdopendir(). rand.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks rand_r() as obsolete. siginterrupt.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks siginterrupt() as obsolete. sigset.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks sighold(), sigignore(), sigpause(), sigrelse(), and sigset() as obsolete. strchr.3 mtk VERSIONS: strchrnul() since glibc 2.1.1. tempnam.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tempnam() as obsolete. tmpnam.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tmpnam() as obsolete. toascii.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks toascii() as obsolete. ualarm.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ualarm(). ulimit.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ulimit() as obsolete. usleep.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of usleep(). standards.7 mtk Updated details for POSIX.1-2008, and noted that if POSIX.1-2001 is listed in the CONFORMING TO section of a man page, then the reader can assume that the interface is also specified in POSIX.1-2008, unless otherwise noted. time.7 mtk SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3). udp.7 mtk SEE ALSO: add udplite(7). Changes to individual pages (math functions) -------------------------------------------- Various changes here following on from the big update to the math pages in the previous release. Test results going back glibc 2.3.2 (so far) allowed updates to various pages to note changes in historical behavior for error reporting by math functions. Thanks to the following people for providing me with test results on various distributions and glibc versions: Alain Portal, Andries Brouwer, Fabian Kreutz, Heikki Orsila, Khalil GHORBAL, Pavel Heimlich, Reuben Thomas, Samuel Thibault, Soh Kam Yung, and Stephane Chazelas cabs.3 cacos.3 cacosh.3 carg.3 casin.3 casinh.3 catan.3 catanh.3 ccos.3 ccosh.3 cexp.3 cimag.3 clog.3 clog10.3 conj.3 cpow.3 cproj.3 creal.3 csin.3 csinh.3 csqrt.3 ctan.3 ctanh.3 exp10.3 exp2.3 fdim.3 fenv.3 fma.3 fmax.3 fmin.3 log2.3 lrint.3 lround.3 nan.3 pow10.3 remquo.3 round.3 scalbln.3 sincos.3 tgamma.3 trunc.3 mtk Added VERSIONS section noting that these functions first appeared in glibc in version 2.1. cosh.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.3.4 and earlier, an FE_OVERFLOW exception is not raised when an overflow occurs. fenv.3 mtk / Fabian Kreuz Provide more detail in the description of rounding modes. Add text describing FLT_ROUNDS (formerly in fma.3). Add BUGS section pointing out the FLT_ROUNDS does not reflect changes by fesetround(). fma.3 mtk Remove text about FLT_ROUNDS, replacing with a cross-reference to fenv(3). fpclassify.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: Note that the standards provide a weaker guarantee for the return value of isinf(). log.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier, log(nan("")) produces a bogus FE_INVALID exception. lround.3 mtk Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode. nextafter.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier these functions do not raise an FE_UNDERFLOW exception on underflow. pow.3 mtk BUGS: described buggy NaN return when x is negative and y is large. See also: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3866. BUGS: Note the bogus FE_INVALID exception that occurred in glibc 2.3.2 and earlier on overflow and underflow. remainder.3 mtk Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode. round.3 mtk Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode. scalb.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of scalb(). tgamma.3 mtk BUGS: In glibc 2.3.3, tgamma(+-0) produced a domain error instead of a pole error. y0.3 mtk In glibc 2.3.2 and earlier, these functions do not raise an FE_INVALID exception for a domain error. math_error.7 mtk Rewrite introductory paragraph. Point out that a NaN is commonly returned by functions that report a domain error. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.08 ==================== Released: 2008-08-27, Zurich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Gerrit Renker Li Zefan Mike Bianchi Sam Varshavchik Venkatesh Srinivas Vijay Kumar Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getnetent_r.3 mtk Documents getnetent_r(), getnetbyname_r(), and getnetbyaddr_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getnetent(), getnetbyname(), and getnetbyaddr(). getprotoent_r.3 mtk Documents getprotoent_r(), getprotobyname_r(), and getprotobynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getprotoent(), getprotobyname(), and getprotobynumber(). getrpcent_r.3 mtk Documents getrpcent_r(), getrpcbyname_r(), and getrpcbynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getrpcent(), getrpcbyname(), and getrpcbynumber(). getservent_r.3 mtk Documents getservent_r(), getservbyname_r(), and getservbyport_r(), the reentrant equivalents of getservent(), getservbyname(), and getservbyport(). numa.7 mtk A new page giving overview details for the Linux NUMA interfaces. Incorporates some material from mbind.2, and the description of /proc/PID/numa_maps from proc.5. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- crypt.3 mtk Add description of crypt_r(). New and changed links --------------------- crypt.3 mtk New link to crypt.3. getnetbyname_r.3 getnetbyaddr_r.3 mtk New links to new getnetent_r.3. getprotobyname_r.3 getprotobynumber_r.3 mtk New links to new getprotoent_r.3. getrpcbyname_r.3 getrpcbynumber_r.3 mtk New links to new getrpcent_r.3. getservbyname_r.3 getservbyport_r.3 mtk New links to new getservent_r.3. numa_maps.5 mtk Link to new numa(7) page, which incorporates the /proc/PID/numa_maps description. As part of the numactl() package, the /proc/PID/numa_maps documentation was in a numa_maps.5 page; this link ensures that "man 5 numa_maps" still works. (Eventually, we may want to remove this link.) Global changes -------------- get_mempolicy.2 mbind.2 move_pages.2 set_mempolicy.2 mtk Add reference to numa(7) for information on library support. Added a VERSIONS section. SEE ALSO: Add numa(7). faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 linkat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 unlinkat.2 mkfifoat.3 psignal.3 strsignal.3 mtk These interfaces are specified in POSIX.1-2008. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- eventfd.2 Vijay Kumar When an eventfd overflows, select() indicates the file as both readable and writable (not as having an exceptional condition). fcntl.2 mtk F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008. getrlimit.2 mtk NOTES: Add text mentioning the shell 'ulimit' (or 'limit') built-in command for setting resource limits. gettimeofday.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks gettimeofday() as obsolete. link.2 mtk Note kernel version where Linux stopped following symbolic links in 'oldpath'; see also http://lwn.net/Articles/294667. POSIX.1-2008 makes it implementation-dependent whether or not 'oldpath' is dereferenced if it is a symbolic link. Add a reference to linkat(2) for an interface that allows precise control of the treatment of symbolic links. mbind.2 mtk Remove material on library support and numactl; that material is now in numactl.7. mmap.2 mtk Add kernel version numbers for MAP_32BIT. Add some details on MAP_32BIT (see http://lwn.net/Articles/294642). move_pages.2 mtk Added VERSIONS (from kernel 2.6.18) and CONFORMING TO sections. open.2 mtk O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008. socket.2 mtk s/d/domain/ for name of argument. Add reference to socket(2) for further information on domain, type, and protocol arguments. utimensat.2 mtk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies utimensat() and futimens(). dirfd.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; other minor changes. exec.3 mtk Small rewording: "s/returned/failed with/ [an error]". fmemopen.3 mtk Since glibc 2.7, it is possible to seek past the end of a stream created by open_memstream(). Add a BUGS section describing the bug in earlier glibc versions. gethostbyname.3 mtk Clarify exactly which functions are obsoleted by getnameinfo() and getaddrinfo(). getnetent.3 mtk Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. The database connection is held open between get*() calls if 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1). s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk In glibc 2.2, the type of the 'net' argument for getnetbyaddr() changed from 'long' to 'uint32_t'. mtk Note that the gethostbyaddr() 'net' argument is in host byte order. mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getnetent_r.3. getprotoent.3 mtk Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. The database connection is held open between get*() calls if 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1). s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getprotoent_r.3. getrpcent.3 mtk s/rpc/RPC/. Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getrpcent_r.3. getservent.3 mtk Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file. Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to the database if necessary. The database connection is held open between get*() calls if 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1). s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/ mtk RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a statically allocated structure. SEE ALSO: add getservent_r.3. mkdtemp.3 mtk CONFORMING TO: this function is specified in POSIX.1-2008. mq_notify.3 Venkatesh Srinivas s/sigev_notify_function/sigev_thread_function/ as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=494956. realpath.3 mtk Relocate text for resolved_path==NULL case to DESCRIPTION. POSIX.1-2001 leaves the resolved_path==NULL case as implementation-defined; POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior described in this man page. sem_init.3 mtk POSIX.1-2008 rectifies the POSIX.1-2001 omission, specifying that zero is returned by a successful sem_init() call. core.5 Mike Bianchi / mtk Make the page more helpful to non-programmers by referencing the documentation of the shell's 'ulimit' command in the discussion of RLIMIT_CORE and RLIMIT_FSIZE. SEE ALSO: Add bash(1). mtk Note that a core dump file can be used in a debugger. proc.5 mtk Remove /proc/PID/numa_maps material (it is now in numa(7)). cpuset.7 mtk SEE ALSO: Add numa(7). inotify.7 mtk / Li Zefan Explain bug that occurred in coalescing identical events in kernels before 2.6.25. (See commit 1c17d18e3775485bf1e0ce79575eb637a94494a2 "A potential bug in inotify_user.c" in the 2.6.25 Changelog.) pthreads.7 mtk Update thread-safe functions list with changes in POSIX.1-2008. SEE ALSO: add proc(5). signal.7 mtk Update list of async-signal-safe functions for POSIX.1-2008. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.09 ==================== Released: 2008-09-10, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bernd Eckenfels Bruno Haible Carsten Emde Christopher Head H. Peter Anvin Jan Engelhardt Joe Korty Marko Kreen Martin (Joey) Schulze Mats Wichmann Michael Schurter Mike Bianchi Mike Frysinger Sam Varshavchik Suka Timothy S. Nelson Tolga Dalman Török Edwin Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- fopencookie.3 mtk Document fopencookie(3), a library function that allows custom implementation of a stdio stream. networks.5 Martin (Joey) Schulze, with a few light edits by mtk Documents the /etc/networks file. Global changes -------------- Various pages mtk s/time zone/timezone/ for consistency across pages and with POSIX.1. kill.2 sigaction.2 sigpending.2 sigprocmask.2 sigsuspend.2 confstr.3 ctermid.3 ctime.3 ferror.3 flockfile.3 fopen.3 getaddrinfo.3 getgrnam.3 getnameinfo.3 getopt.3 getpwnam.3 longjmp.3 popen.3 rand.3 readdir.3 setjmp.3 sigsetops.3 sigwait.3 strtok.3 tzset.3 unlocked_stdio.3 mtk Add/fix feature test macro requirements. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fcntl.2 mtk, after a note by Mike Bianchi More clearly and consistently describe whether or not the third argument to fcntl() is required, and what its type should be. mtk Move description of negative l_len from NOTES, integrating it into the discussion of file locking. Minor rewrites of the text on file locking. getrusage.2 Bernd Eckenfels SEE ALSO: Add clock(3), clock_gettime(3). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475 ioctl_list.2 mtk Remove old sentence about where to send updates for this page. Add more detail on mount options that prevent updates to atime. sched_setscheduler.2 Carsten Emde Update kernel version numbers relating to real-time support. stat.2 H. Peter Anvin Note that lstat() will generally not trigger automounter action, whereas stat() will. clock.3 Bernd Eckenfels SEE ALSO: Add clock_gettime(3). See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475 clock_getres.3 Tolga Dalman / mtk Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS; remove now redundant sentence mentioning librt from NOTES. getdate.3 mtk Rewrite description of getdate_r() and integrate into main text (rather than describing in NOTES). Other parts rewritten for greater clarity. Make it clearer in the main text that glibc does not implement %Z; remove discussion of that point from NOTES. Added an example program. hsearch.3 mtk Noted that table size as specified by 'nel' is immutable. Described differences between hsearch() and hsearch_r(). Added missing pieces to RETURN VALUE. Added a number of new entries under ERRORS. NOTES: added some basic advice on sizing the hash table; noted that when a table is destroyed, the caller is responsible for freeing the buffers pointed to by 'key' and 'data' fields. One of the BUGS was fixed in glibc 2.3. Rewrote and clarified various other pieces. Rename arguments for reentrant functions, using same name as glibc headers: s/ret/retval/; s/tab/htab/. mtk, after a suggestion by Timothy S. Nelson Integrate discussion of reentrant functions into main discussion (rather than as a short paragraph at the end). iconv.3 Bruno Haible Describe "shift sequence" input. ptsname.3 sukadev Fix return type of ptsname_r() in SYNOPSIS. readdir.3 H. Peter Anvin s/stat(2)/lstat(2)/ when discussing d_type (since we are talking about a case where we might be interested to whether the file itself is a symbolic link). sigsetops.3 Chris Head, signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger Fix typo: s/sigdelset/sigorset/ proc.5 Mats Wichmann / mtk s/\[number]/[pid]/ in file names for /proc/PID files. And similar changes for task/[tid] sub-directories. mtk / Mats Wichmann In the description if /proc/[pid]/environ, remove reference to lilo(8)/grub(8) since there seems to be nothing in those pages that related to this /proc file. Michael Schurter / mtk Remove sentence wrongly saying that /proc/meminfo reports info in bytes; see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462969 mtk Note that /proc/meminfo reports system-wide memory usage statistics. Joe Korty Document new fields in /proc/interrupts that were added in Linux 2.6.24. unix.7 Marko Kreen Since glibc 2.8, _GNU_SOURCE must be defined in order to get the definition of the ucred structure from . ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.10 ==================== Released: 2008-09-23, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: André Goddard Rosa George Spelvin Pavel Heimlich Sam Varshavchik John Reiser Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- closedir.3 dirfd.3 readdir.3 rewinddir.3 scandir.3 seekdir.3 telldir.3 mtk Fix 'dir' argument name: should be 'dirp'. POSIX.1-2008 and glibc call this argument 'dirp' (consistent with the fact that it is a *pointer* to a DIR structure). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser Clarify text describing getpid() caching bug for clone() wrapper. See also: http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6910 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=417521 getpid.2 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser Describe getpid()'s PID caching and its consequences. timerfd_create.2 Sam Varshavchik s/it_interval/it_value/ when talking about TIMERFD_ABSTIME. closedir.3 George Spelvin Clarify closedir()'s treatment of underlying file descriptor. tsearch.3 André Goddard Rosa Fix memory leak in example program. Add use of tdestroy to example program. mtk Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to example program. protocols.5 mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages services.5 mtk Remove some out-of-date bugs. mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages and Bind/Hesiod docs. mtk Remove crufty text about use of comma instead of slash to separate port and protocol. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.11 ==================== Released: 2008-10-07, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: André Goddard Rosa Eugene V. Lyubimkin Gergely Soos Kirill A. Shutemov Marko Kreen Maxin B. John Maxin John Michael Kerrisk Nicolas François Pavel Heimlich Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Create a new page for umount() and umount2() by extracting existing material from mount.2 page. New and changed links --------------------- umount2.2 Michael Kerrisk Change link to point to new umount.2 The umount2() material migrated from mount.2 to umount.2 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 Michael Kerrisk _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer necessarily constant POSIX.1-2001 says that the values returned by sysconf() are constant for the life of the process. But the fact that, since Linux 2.6.23, ARG_MAX is settable via RLIMIT_STACK means _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer constant, since it can change at each execve(). Michael Kerrisk Linux now imposes a floor on the ARG_MAX limit Starting with Linux 2.6.23, the ARG_MAX limit became settable via (1/4 of) RLIMIT_STACK. This broke ABI compatibility if RLIMIT_STACK was set such that ARG_MAX was < 32 pages. Document the fact that since 2.6.25 Linux imposes a floor on ARG_MAX, so that the old limit of 32 pages is guaranteed. For some background on the changes to ARG_MAX in kernels 2.6.23 and 2.6.25, see: http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5786 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10095 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/646709/focus=648101, checked into 2.6.25 as commit a64e715fc74b1a7dcc5944f848acc38b2c4d4ee2. Also some reordering/rewording of the discussion of ARG_MAX. fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk Note lack of glibc wrapper; caller must use syscall(2) Glibc doesn't (and quite probably won't) include a wrapper for this system call. Therefore, point out that potential callers will need to use syscall(2), and rewrite the RETURN VALUE text to show things as they would be if syscall() is used. Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to posix_fallocate(3) for portable interface Add a para to start of page that points out that this is the low-level, Linux-specific API, and point the reader to posix_fallocate(3) for the portable API. getdents.2 readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk d_type is currently only supported on ext[234] As at kernel 2.6.27, only ext[234] support d_type. On other file systems, d_type is always set to DT_UNKNOWN (0). getdents.2 Michael Kerrisk Add an example program Michael Kerrisk comment out linux_dirent fields with varying location The location of the fields after d_name varies according to the size of d_name. We can't properly declare them in C; therefore, put those fields inside a comment. Michael Kerrisk The DT_* constants are defined in Michael Kerrisk Remove header files from SYNOPSIS None of the header files provides what is needed. Calls are made via syscall(2). Michael Kerrisk The programmer must define the linux_dirent structure Point out that this structure is not defined in glibc headers. Michael Kerrisk s/dirent/linux_dirent/ The structure isn't currently defined in glibc headers, and the kernel name of the structure is 'linux_dirent' (as was already used in some, but not all, places in this page). getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Reword/relocate discussion of BSD's historical RLIMIT_OFILE The old sentence sat on its own in an odd place, and anyway the modern BSDs use the name RLIMIT_NOFILE. Michael Kerrisk Refer to execve(2) for RLIMIT_STACK's effect on ARG_MAX Refer the reader to new text in execve(2) that describes how (since Linux 2.6.23) RLIMIT_STACK determines the value of ARG_MAX. getrusage.2 Michael Kerrisk Rusage measures are preserved across execve(2) mlock.2 Maxin John Add EAGAIN error. move_pages.2 Nicolas François Make a detail of EPERM error more precise mount.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of per-process namespaces Describe per-process namespaces, including discussion of clone() and unshare CLONE_NEWNS, and /proc/PID/mounts. Michael Kerrisk List a few other file systems that we may see in /proc/filesystems Add some modern file systems to that list (xfs, jfs, ext3, reiserfs). Michael Kerrisk Document MS_SILENT (and MS_VERBOSE) mount.2 umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Split umount*() out into a separate page The length of this page means that it's becoming difficult to parse which info is specific to mount() versus umount()/umount2(), so split the umount material out into its own page. pause.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of words "library function" This really is a system call. readdir.2 Michael Kerrisk The programmer must declare the old_linux_dirent structure Glibc does not provide a definition of this structure. Michael Kerrisk s/dirent/old_linux_dirent/ Nowadays, this is the name of the structure in the kernel sources. Michael Kerrisk Remove words "which may change" These words are slightly bogus: although the interface is obsolete, for ABI-compatibility reasons, the kernel folk should never be changing this interface. Michael Kerrisk Remove header files from SYNOPSIS glibc doesn't provide any support for readdir(2), so remove these header files (which otherwise suggest that glibc does provide the required pieces). recv.2 Nicolas François Move kernel version number to first mention to MSG_ERRQUEUE. semop.2 Kirill A. Shutemov Fix typo in example (The '&' before sop in the semop() call is unneeded.) send.2 Michael Kerrisk Make kernel version for MSG_CONFIRM more precise s/2.3+ only/Since Linux 2.3.15/ sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to signal(7) for an overview of signals Explain semantics of signal disposition during fork() and execve() Refer to signal(7) for more details on signal mask. sigaltstack.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain inheritance of alternate signal stack across fork(2) sigwaitinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk Distinguish per-thread and process-wide signals A sentence clarifying that pending signal set is union of per-thread and process-wide pending signal sets. Michael Kerrisk These interfaces have per-thread semantics The page was previously fuzzy about whether the these interfaces have process-wide or per-thread semantics. (E.g., now the page states that the calling *thread* (not process) is suspended until the signal is delivered.) sigpending.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain effect of fork() and execve() for pending signal set Michael Kerrisk Explain how thread's pending signal set is defined The pending set is the union of per-thread pending signals and process-wide pending signals. sigprocmask.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain effects of fork() and execve() for signal mask splice.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that SPLICE_F_MOVE is a no-op since kernel 2.6.21 syscall.2 Michael Kerrisk Add more detail about wrapper functions Add a few more details about work generally done by wrapper functions. Note that syscall(2) performs the same steps. tkill.2 Michael Kerrisk EINVAL error can also occur for invalid TGID The EINVAL error on an invalid TGID for tgkill() was not documented; this change documents it. utimensat.2 Michael Kerrisk POSIX.1-2008 revision will likely affect FTMs for futimens() Make it clear that the POSIX.1 revision that is likely to affect the feature test macro requirements for futimens() is POSIX.1-2008. Nicolas François Make various wordings a little more precise. The times argument point to *an array of* structures, and the man-page should say that consistently. wait4.2 Michael Kerrisk wait3() is a library function layered on wait4(). On Linux wait3() is a library function implemented on top of wait4(). (Knowing this is useful when using strace(2), for example.) atan2.3 Nicolas François Fix error in description of range or return value In recent changes to the man page, mtk accidentally changed the description of the return value range to -pi/2..pi/2; the correct range is -pi..pi. cmsg.3 Nicolas François Add parentheses after macro names. ctime.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify mktime()'s use of tm_isdst Describe use of tm_isdst for input to mktime(); explain how mktime() modifies this field. (This field is left unchanged in case of error.) http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=500178 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording for ctime_r() and asctime_r() to indicate that the buffer must be at least 26 *bytes*. Michael Kerrisk Minor rewording of mktime() description. floor.3 Nicolas François floor.3: Fix error in description: s/smallest/largest/ hsearch.3 André Goddard Rosa Call hdestroy() after using hash table created by hcreate(), for the sake of completeness mq_getattr.3 Michael Kerrisk mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are layered on mq_getsetattr(2) mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are library functions layered on top of the mq_getsetattr(2) system call. (This is useful info for users of strace(1).) mq_receive.3 Michael Kerrisk mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedreceive() syscall This info is useful for users of strace(1). mq_send.3 Michael Kerrisk mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedsend() syscall This info is useful for users of strace(1). nextafter.3 Nicolas François Make description more precise: s/next/largest/ readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add getdents(2) Because readdir() is implemented on top of getdents(2). realpath.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that returned pathname is NULL terminated Also clarify that null-byte is included in PATH_MAX limit. proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite and simplify description of /proc/mounts Most of the relevant discussion is now under /proc/PID/mounts; all that needs to be here is a mention of the pre-2.4.19 system-wide namespace situation, and a reference to the discussion under /proc/PID/mounts. Michael Kerrisk Add description of /proc/PID/mounts Largely cribbed from existing /proc/mounts discussion, which is about to be rewritten. mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Add mq_notify() to list of lib. functions and syscalls in MQ API signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Improve description in NAME section Add mention of sigaltstack(2). Describe syscalls that synchronously wait for a signal, Give overview of syscalls that block until a signal is caught Add overview of interfaces for sending signals. Michael Kerrisk Describe semantics w.r.t. fork() and execve() Include text describing semantics of fork() and execve() for signal dispositions, signal mask, and pending signal set. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.12 ==================== Released: 2008-10-29, Bucaramanga Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bert Wesarg Christian Grigis Christoph Hellwig Didier Halesh S J.H.M. Dassen (Ray) Jason Spiro Lefteris Dimitroulakis Michael B. Trausch Pierre Cazenave Stefan Puiu Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_attr_init.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_init(3) and pthread_attr_destroy(3) pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3) and pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3) pthread_attr_setguardsize.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setguardsize(3) and pthread_attr_getguardsize(3) pthread_attr_setscope.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setscope(3) and pthread_attr_getscope(3) pthread_attr_setstack.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setstack(3) and pthread_attr_getstack(3) pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3) and pthread_attr_getstackaddr(3) pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) and pthread_attr_getstacksize(3) pthread_create.3 Michael Kerrisk New page describing pthread_create(3) pthread_detach.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_detach(3) pthread_equal.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_equal(3) pthread_exit.3 Michael Kerrisk New page describing pthread_exit(3) pthread_getattr_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_getattr_np(3) pthread_join.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_join(3) pthread_self.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_self(3) pthread_tryjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_tryjoin_np(3) and pthread_timedjoin_np(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- dup.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of dup3() dup3() was added in kernel 2.6.27. epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of new epoll_create1() The new epoll_create1() system call appeared in Linux 2.6.27. eventfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe eventfd2() and EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC Linux 2.6.27 added eventfd(), which supports a flags argument that eventfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented are EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC, inotify_init.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of inotify_init1() The inotify_init1() system call was added in Linux 2.6.27. pipe.2 Michael Kerrisk Add description of new pipe2() syscall pipe2() was added in 2.6.27. Describe the O_NONBLOCK and O_CLOEXEC flags. signalfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe signalfd4() and SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC Linux 2.6.27 added signalfd4(), which supports a flags argument that signalfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented are SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC. New and changed links --------------------- dup3.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to dup.2 dup.2 now contains the description of the new dup3() syscall. epoll_create1.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to epoll_create.2 epoll_create.2 now includes a description of the new epoll_create1() system call. eventfd2.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to eventfd.2 The eventfd.2 page has some details on the eventfd2() system call, which was new in Linux 2.6.27. inotify_init1.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to inotify_init.2 inotify_init.2 now includes a description of the new inotify_init1() system call. pipe2.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to pipe.2 pipe(2) now contains a description of the new pipe2() syscall. pthread_attr_destroy.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_init.3 pthread_attr_getdetachstate.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 pthread_attr_getguardsize.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setguardsize.3 pthread_attr_getscope.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setscope.3 pthread_attr_getstack.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setstack.3 pthread_attr_getstackaddr.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3 pthread_attr_getstacksize.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 pthread_timedjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_tryjoin_np.3 signalfd4.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to signalfd.2 signalfd.2 now includes text describing signalfd4() system call, new in Linux 2.6.27. Global changes -------------- eventfd.2, getdents.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strtol.3, core.5 Michael Kerrisk Add ".SS Program source" to EXAMPLE Add ".SS Program source" to clearly distinguish shell session and descriptive text from actual program code. eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Format user input in shell sessions in boldface frexp.3, strftime.3, strtok.3 Michael Kerrisk Relocate shell session above example program Move the shell session text that demonstrates the use of the example program so that it precedes the actual example program. This makes the page consistent with the majority of other pages. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Say more about unused epoll_create() 'size' arg Supply a little more explanation about why the 'size' argument of epoll_create() is nowadays ignored. eventfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty text relating to flags argument Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older eventfd() system call. getdents.2 Christoph Hellwig Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type', returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support. Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to support this. getpeername.2, getsockname.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add ip(7) and unix(7) getsockopt.2 Michael Kerrisk EINVAL can also occur if 'optval' is invalid In some cases, EINVAL can occur if 'optval' is invalid. Note this, and point reader to an example in ip(7). In response to: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092 inotify_init.2 pipe.2 timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify *_NONBLOCK description Make it clear that the NONBLOCK flag sets an attribute in the new open file description. sched_yield.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite description in terms of threads The text formerly described the operation of sched_yield() in terms of processes. It should be in terms of threads. Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES text on appropriate use of sched_yield() Strategic calls to sched_yield() can be used to improve performance, but unnecessary use should be avoided. sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that sa_mask affects the *per-thread* signal mask The page didn't previously clearly explain the scope of the signal mask that is affected by sa_mask. signalfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty text relating to flags argument Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older signalfd() system call. sigprocmask.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that sigprocmask() operates on a per-thread mask The first sentence of the page was vague on the scope of the attribute changed by sigprocmask(). Reword to make this clearer and add a sentence in NOTES to explicitly state that the signal mask is a per-thread attribute. socket.2 Michael Kerrisk Document SOCK_NONBLOCK and SOCK_CLOEXEC flags These flags, specified in the 'type' argument, are supported since Linux 2.6.27. socketpair.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer to socket(2) for SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK Refer the reader to socket(2) for a description of the SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags, which are supported by socketpair() since Linux 2.6.27. syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add new 2.6.27 system calls Add pipe2(), dup3(), epoll_create1(), inotify_init1(), eventfd2(), signalfd4(). timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Document timerfd_create() TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK are supported since LInux 2.6.27. vfork.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify meaning of "child releases the parent's memory" The man page was not explicit about how the memory used by the child is released back to the parent. ctime.3 Michael Kerrisk ctime_r() and localtime_r() need not set 'timezone' and 'daylight' The man page already noted that these functions need not set 'tzname', but things could be clearer: it tzset() is not called, then the other two variables also are not set. Also, clarify that ctime() does set 'timezone' and 'daylight'. dlopen.3 Michael Kerrisk LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected once, at program start-up Make it clear that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected *once*, at program start-up. (Verified from source and by experiment.) fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk Document binary mode (mode 'b') Glibc 2.9 adds support to fmemopen() for binary mode opens. Binary mode is specified by inclusion of the letter 'b' in the 'mode' argument. getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify error descriptions with some examples Clarify the description of some errors by giving examples that produce the errors. (Text added for EAI_SERVICE and EAI_SOCKTYPE.) Also, add an error case for EAI_BADFLAGS. gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk Rationalize text on POSIX.1-2001 obsolete interfaces POSIX.1 marks gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and 'h_errno' as obsolete. The man page explained this, but with some duplication. Remove the duplication, and otherwise tidy up discussion of this point. popen.3 Michael Kerrisk Change one-line description in NAME s%process I/O%pipe stream to or from a process% Michael Kerrisk Document 'e' (close-on-exec) flag glibc 2.9 implements the 'e' flag in 'type', which sets the close-on-exec flag on the underlying file descriptor. raise.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add pthread_kill(3) readdir.3 Christoph Hellwig Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support (This mirrors the previous change to getdents.2) Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type', returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support. Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to support this. strcpy.3 Jason Spiro Strengthen warning about checking against buffer overruns http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=413940 tty_ioctl.4 Michael Kerrisk Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS, and describe changes in 2.6.10 relating to capabilities. Michael Kerrisk Explain capability requirements for various ioctls For TIOCSLCKTRMIOS, TIOCSCTTY, TIOCEXCL, explain the exact capability that is required (the text formerly just said "root" in each case). proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max Defines the system-wide limit on the number of threads (tasks). utmp.5 Pierre Cazenave It is just "other" who should not have write perms on utmp The page was vague before, saying that utmp should not be writable by any user. This isn't true: it can be, and typically is, writable by user and group. epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Mention epoll_create1() as part of epoll API epoll_create1() was added in Linux 2.6.27, and extends the functionality of epoll_create(). inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk Mention inotify_init1() in overview of API Discuss the new inotify_init1() system call in the overview of the inotify API. ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Detail EINVAL error for IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP socket option In response to: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092 iso_8859-7.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis Add Drachma, Euro, and Greek Ypogegrammeni Also, amend description of characters 0241 and 0242. man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Example shell sessions should have user input boldfaced pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Describe return value from pthreads functions Describe the usual success (0) and failure (non-zero) returns, and note that POSIX.1-2001 specifies that pthreads functions can never fail with the error EINTR. signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Timeouts make socket interfaces non-restartable If setsockopt() is used to set a timeout on a socket(), then the various socket interfaces are not automatically restarted, even if SA_RESTART is specified when establishing the signal handler. Analogous behavior occurs for the "stop signals" case. socket.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add unix(7) ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk Document LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS Drawing heavily on Jakub Jelinek's description in http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2003-11/msg00127.html (Subject: [PATCH] Support LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS) --inhibit-rpath is ignored for setuid/setgid ld.so The --inhibit-rpath option is ignored if ld.so is setuid/setgid (not if the executable is setuid/setgid). Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_ORIGIN_PATH Michael Kerrisk Fix description of LD_PROFILE and LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT Clarify that LD_PROFILE is pathname or a soname, and identify name of profiling output file. Fix description of LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT, which wasn't even close to the truth. (But why did it remain unfixed for so many years?) Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK Michael Kerrisk Since version 2.3.5, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_SHOW_AUXV Michael Kerrisk Reorder lists of LD_* environment variables alphabetically Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DEBUG ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.13 ==================== Released: 2008-11-07, Bucaramanga Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bert Wesarg Karsten Weiss Lefteris Dimitroulakis Olaf van der Spek Sam Varshavchik Török Edwin Ulrich Mueller Valdis Kletnieks Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(3) and pthread_attr_getaffinity_np(3) pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setschedparam(3) and pthread_attr_getschedparam(3) pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3) and pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3) pthread_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setaffinity_np(3) and pthread_getaffinity_np(3) pthread_setschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setschedparam(3) and pthread_getschedparam(3) pthread_setschedprio.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setschedprio(3) New and changed links --------------------- pthread_attr_getaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_attr_getschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 pthread_getaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_getschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setschedparam.3 Global changes -------------- pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_getattr_np.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_tryjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Explain _np suffix Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np" suffix is because these functions are non-portable. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched_getcpu(3) sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add pthread_setaffinity_np(3) sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify EINVAL error for cpusetsize < kernel mask size For sched_setaffinity(), the EINVAL error that occurs if 'cpusetsize' is smaller than the kernel CPU set size only occurs with kernels before 2.6.9. vfork.2 Michael Kerrisk Child holds parent's memory until execve() or *termination* The page was phrased in a few places to describe the child as holding the parent's memory until the child does an execve(2) or an _exit(2). The latter case should really be the more general process termination (i.e., either _exit(2) or abnormal termination). clock_getres.3 Michael Kerrisk CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not setabble According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but currently they are not. pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 Michael Kerrisk, after a report by Karsten Weiss EINVAL occurs on some systems if stacksize != page-size On MacOS X at least, pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) can fail with EINVAL if 'stacksize' is not a multiple of the system page size. Best to mention this so as to aid people writing portable programs. pthread_create.3 Karsten Weiss Fix bug in EXAMPLE program The calloc() line should read like this instead: tinfo = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_info)); pthread_exit.3 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: thread group with a dead leader and stop signals Document the bug that can occur when a stop signal is sent to a thread group whose leader has terminated. http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/611611 http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=122525468300823&w=2 resolver.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix prototype of dn_expand() The 4th argument is "char *", not "unsigned char *". http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708 epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix error handling after accept() in example code Simply continuing after an error is in most cases wrong, and can lead to infinite loops (e.g., for EMFILE). So handle an error by terminating. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202 epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Add error handling for epoll_wait() call in example code epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Improve example code Fill in some gaps in example code (variable declarations, adding listening socket to epoll set). Give variables more meaningful names. Other minor changes. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202 iso_8859-7.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis Add characters for Drachma and Greek Ypogegrammeni Lines for these two characters were added in the previous patch, but the actual characters were not included in the 4th column of the table. This fixes that. pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Add a section describing thread IDs In particular, note that in each pthreads function that takes a thread ID argument, that ID by definition refers to a thread in the same process as the caller. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.14 ==================== Released: 2008-11-25, Bucaramanga Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andreas Henriksson Bert Wesarg Cedric Le Goater Chris Heath Eric Biederman Eugen Dedu Ivana Varekova Jen Axboe Jens Axboe Loïc Domaigne Masanari Iida Paul Evans Pavel Emelyanov Pierre-Paul Paquin Serge E. Hallyn Stefano Teso Stew Benedict Vegard Nossum Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- CPU_SET.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting CPU_* macros This page contains material moved out of sched_setscheduler(2). It overwrites a previously existing link file with the same name. Michael Kerrisk Add description of macros for dynamically allocated CPU sets Add descriptions of CPU_ALLOC(), CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(), CPU_FREE(), CPU_SET_S(), CPU_CLR_S(), CPU_ISSET_S(), CPU_ZERO_S(), CPU_COUNT_S(), CPU_AND_S(), CPU_OR_S(), CPU_XOR_S(), and CPU_EQUAL_S(). Michael Kerrisk Add documentation of CPU_COUNT() Michael Kerrisk Add description of CPU_AND(), CPU_OR, CPU_XOR(), and CPU_EQUAL() Plus a few other small clean-ups of the text Michael Kerrisk Various improvements in DESCRIPTION After review comments by Bert Wesarg: * Explain that cpu_set_t is a bitset, but should be considered opaque. * A CPU set can be duplicated with memset(). * Size of a CPU set is rounded up to size of long. * CPU_SETSIZE is in bits, but the setsize argument is in bytes. Michael Kerrisk Document CPU_ALLOC()/CPU_ALLOC_SIZE() bug These macros return twice what they should because of thinko in glibc 2.8 and earlier. The bug is fixed for glibc 2.9. http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7029 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Discuss use of types in "prototypes" for these macros The SYNOPSIS shows types for arguments and return values, but these are really just suggestions: since the interfaces are macros, the compiler won't catch all violations of the "type rules". Warn the reader of this. pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3) and pthread_attr_getinheritsched(3) pthread_cancel.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_cancel(3) pthread_cleanup_push.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_cleanup_push(3) and pthread_cleanup_pop(3) pthread_setcancelstate.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setcancelstate(3) and pthread_setcanceltype(3) pthread_testcancel.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_testcancel(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- clone.2 Jens Axboe Document CLONE_IO (new in Linux 2.6.25) Some text also by mtk. Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWNET Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWUTS (new in Linux 2.6.19) Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWIPC flag (new in Linux 2.6.19) Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWPID flag (new in Linux 2.6.24) mmap.2 Michael Kerrisk Document MAP_STACK flag (new in Linux 2.6.27) arp.7 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file retrans_time_ms (new in Linux 2.6.12) Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file base_reachable_time_ms (new in Linux 2.6.12) icmp.7 Michael Kerrisk Document icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses (new in Linux 2.2) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document icmp_ratelimit and icmp_ratemask (new in Linux 2.4.10) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts (new in Linux 2.6.12) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_slow_start_after_idle (new in Linux 2.6.18) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_base_mss (new in Linux 2.6.17) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_frto_response (new in Linux 2.6.22) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_moderate_rcvbuf (new in Linux 2.4.17/2.6.7) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.13) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_no_metrics_save (new in Linux 2.6.6) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_mtu_probing (new in Linux 2.6.17) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_dma_copybreak (new in Linux 2.6.24) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_tso_win_divisor (new in Linux 2.6.9) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_allowed_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.20) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_workaround_signed_windows (new in Linux 2.6.26) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_available_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.20) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt Michael Kerrisk Document /proc file tcp_abc (new in Linux 2.6.15) Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt udp.7 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc files udp_mem, udp_rmem_min, and udp_wmem_min All of these are new in Linux 2.6.25 New and changed links --------------------- CPU_ALLOC.3 CPU_ALLOC_SIZE.3 CPU_AND.3 CPU_AND_S.3 CPU_CLR_S.3 CPU_COUNT.3 CPU_COUNT_S.3 CPU_EQUAL.3 CPU_EQUAL_S.3 CPU_FREE.3 CPU_ISSET_S.3 CPU_OR.3 CPU_OR_S.3 CPU_SET_S.3 CPU_XOR.3 CPU_XOR_S.3 CPU_ZERO_S.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new CPU_SET.3 CPU_CLR.3 CPU_ISSET.3 CPU_ZERO.3 Michael Kerrisk Update links to point to CPU_SET.3 The documentation of the CPU_* macros migrated to a new location: CPU_SET.3. pthread_attr_getinheritsched.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3 pthread_cleanup_pop.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_cleanup_push.3 pthread_setcanceltype.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setcancelstate.3 Global changes -------------- clone.2 mount.2 unshare.2 proc.5 path_resolution.7 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/namespace/mount-point namespace/, as appropriate In recent times, a number of other namespace flags have been added to clone(2). As such, it is no longer clear to use the generic term "namespace" to refer to the particular namespace controlled by CLONE_NEWNS; instead, use the term "mount-point namespace". Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/mount-point namespace/mount namespace/ This is more consistent with the term "mounts namespace" used in the 2008 ACM SIGOPS paper, "Virtual servers and and checkpoint/restart in mainstream Linux". (I avoided the "s", because using the plural strikes me as klunky English, and anyway we don't talk about the "PIDs namespace" or the "networks namespace", etc..) connect.2 listen.2 send.2 uname.2 cmsg.3 proc.5 arp.7 ddp.7 icmp.7 ip.7 raw.7 socket.7 tcp.7 udp.7 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: eliminate mention of the obsolete sysctl(2) interface Many pages still mention use of the obsolete sysctl(2) system call, or used the term "sysctls"; rewrite these mentions to instead be in terms of /proc interfaces. fcntl.2 signal.2 mbsnrtowcs.3 mbsrtowcs.3 mbtowc.3 wcrtomb.3 wcsnrtombs.3 wcsrtombs.3 wctomb.3 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/multi-thread/multithread/ getdents.2 pthread_attr_init.3 pthread_create.3 pthread_getattr_np.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_setschedparam.3 pthread_tryjoin_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Use consistent error-handling function names Many older pages use a handle_error() macro to do simple error handling from system and library function calls. Switch these pages to do similar. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- time.1 Michael Kerrisk Note that some shells have a 'time' built-in command Therefore, to access the functionality described on this page, it may be necessary to specify the full pathname. clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Place list of CLONE_* flags in alphabetical order (No content changes.) fsync.2 Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements for fsync() Since glibc 2.8, the fsync() declaration is also exposed if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk Add note on system-imposed restrictions on CPUs actually used After Loïc Domaigne's suggestion for pthread_setaffinity_np(3), add similar text to this page noting that the system silently limits the set of CPUs on which the process actually runs to the set of CPUs physically present and the limits imposed by cpuset(7). sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk Removed discussion of CPU_* macros() These macros are now moving to a separate page. Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to pthread_setaffinity_np(3) pthread_setaffinity_np() is preferable for setting thread CPU affinity if using the POSIX threads API. sysctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Add prominent warning against using this system call This was already stated under NOTES, but make it even more prominent by adding a sentence at the start of the DESCRIPTION. uname.2 Michael Kerrisk Add C comments describing fields in utsname structure atan2.3 Stefano Teso Fix description of range of function value return The range is not [-pi/2, pi/2], but [-pi, pi]. (mtk: This error was reported by Nicolas François, and should have been fixed in 3.11, but somewhere along the way, the fix got lost.) http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=506299 bindresvport.3 Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.8, EPFNOSUPPORT error is now EAFNOSUPPORT Glibc switched to using a POSIX-specified error code for this error case. http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2375 clock_getres.3 Michael Kerrisk CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not settable According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but currently they are not. getgrnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify and add more detail in RETURN VALUE description The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit in describing what happens for the "not found" case. This is an analogous change to the change for getpwnam.3, made after Andreas Henriksson's report. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504787 Michael Kerrisk Rename arguments to getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() s/gbuf/grp/ and s/gbufp/result/, for consistency with POSIX.1 argument names. Michael Kerrisk Clarify RETURN VALUE description The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit in describing what happens for the "not found" case. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708 getpwnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Rename arguments to getpwnam_r() and getpwuid_r() s/pwbuf/pwd/ and s/pwbufp/result/, for consistency with POSIX.1 argument names. Michael Kerrisk Clarify and add more detail in RETURN VALUE description The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit in describing what happens for the "not found" case. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504787 Michael Kerrisk Add an EXAMPLE program for getpwnam_r() inet_ntop.3 Michael Kerrisk Rename 'cnt' argument to 'size' This is consistent with POSIX.1, and also a more sensible name. Michael Kerrisk Rework text describing 'size' argument (After a suggestion by Vegard Nossum.) Also made a few other small rewordings to in the initial paragraph. makecontext.3 Michael Kerrisk Add text on use of pointer arguments to makecontext() Passing pointer arguments to makecontext() is possible, but only on some architectures, and with no guarantees of portability. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504699 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Various fixes after review by Loïc Domaigne Reviewed-by: Loïc Domaigne pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Update to reflect new location of CPU_*() documentation The CPU_*() macros are now documented in CPU_SET.3; update to reflect that fact. Michael Kerrisk Remove redundant text relating to CPU sets Information about CPU_SETSIZE can be found in CPU_SET.3, so remove discussion of it here. pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_setschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove text saying that only sched_priority is required by POSIX.1 Loïc Domaigne points out that if a system implements SCHED_SPORADIC (which Linux does not), then other fields are also specified in sched_param. The simple solution is just to remove that phrase from the man page. pthread_cancel.3 pthread_detach.3 pthread_join.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Make text of ESRCH error consistent pthread_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk Add text to EINVAL error mentioning cpuset(7) Michael Kerrisk Various improvements after review by Loïc Domaigne Various fix-ups after Loïc's review. Reviewed-by: Loïc Domaigne pthread_setschedparam.3 Michael Kerrisk PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED is default for inherit scheduler attribute In EXAMPLE, note that PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED is the default for the inherit scheduler attribute attribute. syslog.3 Masanari Iida LOG_KERN messages can't be generated from user processes Masanari notes that this is an FAQ for logger(1) and that Solaris and FreeBSD document this point in syslog(3). The glibc info page also hides this comment in its source: Internally, there is also LOG_KERN, but LOG_KERN == 0, which means if you try to use it here, just selects default. proc.5 Ivana Varekova Fix reference to kernel source file Use relative reference to Documentation/mtrr.txt. arp.7 Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version numbers for /proc interfaces cpuset.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add CPU_SET(3) epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Note glibc version that added epoll support icmp.7 Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version numbers to /proc file descriptions inotify.7 Vegard Nossum Fix description of max_user_watches It seems that inotify(7) is wrong here: "/proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches This specifies a limit on the number of watches that can be associated with each inotify instance." On my system, the default value for this variable is 8192. But I cannot create more than 8192 watches in total for the same UID even when they are on different inotify instances. So I suggest to rephrase this as: "This specifies an upper limit on the number of watches that can be created per real user ID." ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Reorder socket options alphabetically Michael Kerrisk Added kernel version numbers for IP_* socket options Michael Kerrisk Relocate kernel version information for IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version numbers for /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* files Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of kernel header from description of IP_RECVERR Looks like glibc has had this definition since about version 2.1. Michael Kerrisk Relocate kernel version information for ip_mreqn structure Michael Kerrisk Relocate info about Linux-specific sockopts to NOTES Also add some source comments about non-standard Linux-specific options that are not yet documented. netlink.7 Vegard Nossum Fix incorrect variable names in example code s/snl/sa/ * 2 pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Add section on cancellation points This section includes a list of the functions that must and may be cancellation points. Michael Kerrisk Rework, and fix small error in, thread-safe function list Integrate the changes that occurred in POSIX.1-2008 into the main list (to be consistent with the list, elsewhere on this page, of functions that are cancellation points). Also, fix an error that said that strerror() was added to the list in POSIX.1-2008. It was strsignal() that was added. (strerror() was already in the list in POSIX.1-2001.) Michael Kerrisk Tweak text on sigpause() cancellation point In POSIX.1-2009, this function moves from the "must be" to the "may be" list. Michael Kerrisk Add ref to signal(7) for further info on use of real-time signals signal(7) provides some further details on the use of real-time signals by the two Linux threading implementations. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add pthread_attr_init() and pthread_cancel() tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Update description of tcp_rmem defaults for Linux 2.6 Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version numbers for TCP_* socket options Note kernel version were each socket option first appeared. Michael Kerrisk The tcp_bic* proc files disappeared in Linux 2.6.13 Michael Kerrisk tcp_vegas_cong_avoid disappeared in Linux 2.6.13 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of RFC 4138 for 'tcp_frto' /proc file Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of /proc in VERSIONS This information is not indicated for each /proc interface Michael Kerrisk Clarify that tcp_mem measures in units of the system page size Michael Kerrisk Update tcp_frto description for 2.6.22 changes Linux 2.6.22 added a mode value 2 ("Enable SACK-enhanced F-RTO if flow uses SACK"). Michael Kerrisk Fix alphabetical order in /proc file list A few entries were slightly out of order. Michael Kerrisk Remove obsolete statement about /proc from VERSIONS Much of the text has been updated to 2.6.27 or so, so this statement no longer applies. Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version numbers for each /proc interface Note kernel version where each /proc interface first appeared Michael Kerrisk tcp_westwood /proc file disappeared in Linux 2.6.13 Michael Kerrisk Update description of tcp_wmem defaults for Linux 2.6 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.15 ==================== Released: 2008-12-05, Bucaramanga Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Majorel Andries E. Brouwer Chris Heath Drake Wilson Mats Wichmann Mel Gorman Michael Kerrisk Mike Fedyk Pavel Machek Petr Baudis Phil Endecott Rob Landley Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- makedev.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for makedev(), major(), and minor() macros pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np(3) and pthread_cleanup_pop_restore_np(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- accept.2 Michael Kerrisk Document accept4() system call, new in Linux 2.6.28 fmemopen.3 Petr Baudis Add description of open_wmemstream(3) tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Document MSG_TRUNC flag for TCP sockets New and changed links --------------------- accept4.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to accept.2 accept.2 now documents the new accept4() system call. open_wmemstream.3 Petr Baudis New link to fmemopen.3 fmemopen.3 now documents open_wmemstream(). pthread_cleanup_pop_restore_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3 Global changes -------------- accept.2 listen.2 recv.2 getpeername.2 getsockname.2 shutdown.2 socketpair.2 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: SEE ALSO: add socket(7) bind.2 rcmd.3 capabilities.7 ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/reserved port/privileged port/ Some pages used one term, some pages the other term; make some consistency. connect.2 getpeername.2 getsockname.2 Michael Kerrisk Use consistent argument names Most other sockets pages are using the names 'addr' and 'addrlen'; make these pages do the same. getpeername.2 getsockname.2 getsockopt.2 recv.2 send.2 shutdown.2 sockatmark.3 socket.7 udplite.7 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Rename socket file descriptor argument to 'sockfd' Many sockets man pages use the name 'sockfd' already. For consistency, changes the others to do so as well. gnu_dev_major.3 gnu_dev_makedev.3 gnu_dev_minor.3 major.3 minor.3 Michael Kerrisk New links to new makedev(3) page Changes to individual pages --------------------------- _exit.2 Michael Kerrisk Since glibc 2.3, the exit() wrapper function invokes exit_group(2) This information is useful to users of strace(1). accept.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify details when returned address is truncated If the returned address is truncated, the 'addrlen' argument indicates the actual size of the address, rather than a count of the number of bytes in the truncated buffer. Also clarify that if 'addr' argument is NULL, then 'addrlen' should is unused, and should also be NULL. Michael Kerrisk Reorder ERRORS list Some errors were listed under a separate "may" heading. There's probably no real need to do this; integrate those errors into the main list. exit_group.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that since glibc 2.3, exit(2) invokes exit_group() futex.2 Michael Kerrisk Mention that glibc provides no wrapper function for futex() get_thread_area.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that glibc provides no wrapper for this system call getdomainname.2 Michael Kerrisk Substantial rewrite Expand description of setdomainname() and getdomainname(). Note that getdomainname() is implemented as a library function in glibc. Note limits on size of domain name. Reorganize ERRORS list. gethostname.2 Michael Kerrisk Various parts rewritten Write a paragraph describing sethostname(). Clarify differences between glibc's gethostbyname() and the kernel gethostbyname() system calls. gethostname.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that HOST_NAME_MAX is 64 on Linux Also note that in pre-1.0 days, the limit on hostnames was 8 bytes. getpeername.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that returned address may be truncated if buffer is too small getsid.2 Michael Kerrisk Simplified version information and moved to a new VERSIONS section getsockname.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that returned address is truncated if buffer is too small mknod.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to makedev(3) to build a device ID mmap.2 Michael Kerrisk Loosen language around how 'addr' hint is interpreted Mel Gorman reported that in Linux 2.6.27, 'addr' is rounded down to a page boundary. Before kernel 2.6.26, if 'addr' was taken as a hint, it was rounded up to the next page boundary. Since Linux 2.6.24, it is rounded down. Therefore, loosen the description of this point to say that the address is rounded to "a nearby page boundary". open.2 Michael Kerrisk EFBIG error is now EOVERFLOW (since Linux 2.6.24) When a 32-bit app opens a file whose size is too big to be represented in 31-bits, POSIX.1 specifies the error EOVERFLOW. Linux used to give EFBIG for this case, but 2.6.24 fixed this. Also, add some text to describe the error scenario in more detail. pread.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that glibc emulation for these calls uses lseek(2) (This makes it clearer that the emulated calls are not atomic.) recv.2 send.2 Michael Kerrisk Make names of "address" and "address length" args more consistent Make the names of these arguments more consistent with other sockets man pages. recv.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify details when returned address is truncated If the recvfrom() returned address is truncated, the 'fromlen' argument indicates the actual size of the address, rather than a count of the number of bytes in the truncated buffer. Also clarify that the 'from' argument can be NULL, in which case 'fromlen' should is unused, and should also be NULL. Michael Kerrisk Internet datagram and netlink sockets support MSG_TRUNC for recv(2) Internet datagram (since Linux 2.4.27/2.6.8), and netlink (since Linux 2.6.22) sockets support the MSG_TRUNC flag for recv(2). select.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrote text describing feature test macros requirement for pselect() select_tut.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix SHUT_FD* macros in example program Add "do {} while (0)" set_thread_area.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that glibc provides no wrapper for this system call setfsgid.2 setfsuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Simplify version information and move to a VERSIONS section setsid.2 Michael Kerrisk Rework RETURN VALUE section; add an ERRORS section setup.2 Michael Kerrisk Relocate some CONFORMING TO text to VERSIONS and NOTES stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Document EOVERFLOW error Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to major() and minor() to decompose a device ID syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix version numbers for a few system calls Some 2.6 system calls were wrongly mentioned as also being backported into a 2.4.x kernel. uname.2 Michael Kerrisk DESCRIPTION: Point reader at NOTES for further info on field lengths atan.3 Andries E. Brouwer Fix return value description The correct range for the return value is [-pi/2,pi/2]. (mtk's fix in the last change to the return value text was a botch-up of a (correct) suggestion by Nicolas François.) atexit.3 Michael Kerrisk atexit() and on_exit(3) register functions on the same list Michael Kerrisk Terminating registered function using longjmp() is undefined According to POSIX.1, using longjmp() to terminate execution of a function registered using atexit() produces undefined results. Michael Kerrisk Calling exit(3) more than once produces undefined results If an exit handler itself calls exit(3), the results are undefined (see the POSIX.1-2001 specification of exit(3)). Michael Kerrisk The same exit handler may be registered multiple times Michael Kerrisk Calling _exit(2) terminates processing of exit handlers Michael Kerrisk Terminating registered function using longjmp() is undefined According to POSIX.1, using longjmp() to terminate execution of a function registered using atexit() produces undefined results. bindresvport.3 Mats Wichmann SYNOPSIS: s/\*\*/*/ in prototype Michael Kerrisk Fix errors regarding port used, plus other rewrites Glibc's bindresvport() takes no notice of sin->sin_port: it always returns an arbitrary reserved port in the anonymous range (512-1023). (Reported by Mats Wichmann.) Also: * Add EADDRINUSE and EACCES errors. * Mention use of getsockname(2). * Other minor rewrites and reorderings of the text. * Explicitly note that glib's bindresvport() ignores sin->sin_port. * Change license There's now virtually no text remaining from the 1.70 version of this page. Reviewed-by: Mats Wichmann Reviewed-by: Petr Baudis dlopen.3 Petr Baudis Describe confusing dladdr() behavior dladdr() will act unexpectedly if called from non-pic code on a compile-time-generated function pointer. fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk Add VERSIONS section Petr Baudis SEE OPEN: Add fopencookie(3) fopencookie(3) is used to implement fmemopen(). fopen.3 Petr Baudis SEE ALSO: Add fmemopen(3) and fopencookie(3) fopencookie.3 Petr Baudis fopencookie() needs _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro getaddrinfo.3 Petr Baudis Document results ordering and /etc/gai.conf This patch documents the order of the getaddrinfo(3) results (RFC 3484), how should the application deal with that, mentions the extremely common cause of having multiple results per query (both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses available) and mentions /etc/gai.conf. (mtk: Minor tweaks, and note glibc version for /etc/gai.conf) isatty.3 Michael Kerrisk Complete rewrite of this page, with rather more detail memmem.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove sentence saying that libc 5.0.9 is still widely used That was a *long* time ago. on_exit.3 Michael Kerrisk Document handling of registrations on fork(2) and execve(2) Treatment in these cases is the same as for atexit(3). Michael Kerrisk Arg given to registered function is status from *last* call to exit() It's a subtle point, but if a registered function itself calls exit(3), then subsequent functions that were registered with on_exit(3) will see the exit status given to the more recent exit(3) call. Michael Kerrisk Note that same function may be registered multiple times setlocale.3 locale.7 Michael Kerrisk Clean up the description of LANGUAGE environment variable Clean up the $LANGUAGE description, by removing bogus comments from setlocale(3) and expanding the mention in locale(7). Maybe you will decide that a more detailed description should be left to the gettext(3) documentation, but I actually care about the invisible part of the patch more since the comments have put me off the track initially ($LANGUAGE has nothing to do with setlocale(3) and is completely isolated to gettext, as obvious from the glibc sources). proc.5 Michael Kerrisk /proc/stat: s/minor/disk_idx/ in description of /proc/stat See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=225619 capabilities.7 Drake Wilson Various minor fixes as per Debian bug 471029 The relevant pieces of http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=471029 are: - Delete duplicate subentry for KEYCTL_CHOWN/KEYCTL_SETPERM operations in the CAP_SYS_ADMIN entry. (It feels like that capability entry should be converted to a list, but I've left it in semicolon-delimited form for now.) - Remove text about ENFILE from the text about the /proc/sys/fs/file-max limit in the CAP_SYS_ADMIN entry, since this is already described in the man pages for the relevant ofile-creating system calls. - Correct or clarify a few other bits of grammar and such; see the diff file itself for details. socket.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add tcp(7) and udp(7) tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Relocate out-of-band data discussion Move to a new subsection entitled "Sockets API". Michael Kerrisk Note that MSG_PEEK can be used on out-of-band data time.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add clock_gettime(3) unix.7 Michael Kerrisk Unix domain sockets don't support the recv() MSG_TRUNC flag Michael Kerrisk Retitled subsection "(Un)supported features" to "Sockets API" This is consistent with the recent change in tcp(7). ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.16 ==================== Released: 2009-01-13, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Colin Watson Florentin Duneau Petr Baudis Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_getcpuclockid.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting pthread_getcpuclockid(3) libc.7 Michael Kerrisk New page giving brief overview of C libraries on Linux rtld-audit.7 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting dynamic linker auditing API Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- ld.so.8 Petr Baudis Document LD_AUDIT Petr Baudis Document LD_POINTER_GUARD New and changed links --------------------- gethostid.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to new page location in Section 3 sethostid.2 Michael Kerrisk Change link to point to new page location in Section 3 sethostid.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to relocated page in Section 3 glibc.7 Michael Kerrisk New link to new libc.7 Global changes -------------- syscalls.2 feature_test_macros.7 standards.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add libc(7) dlopen.3 ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add rtld-audit(7) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- gethostid.2 Michael Kerrisk Move to Section 3 The interfaces documented in this page are purely glibc. syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Kernel 2.6.28 adds accept4() clock_getres.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add pthread_getcpuclockid(3) fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix VERSIONS information gethostid.3 Michael Kerrisk Before version 2.2, glibc stored the host ID in /var/adm/hostid Also: rewrite some text describing the /etc/hostid file, so that this location is referred to just once on the page. Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: describe return value of sethostid() Michael Kerrisk Added BUGS section noting that ID can't be guaranteed to be unique Michael Kerrisk Added ERRORS section describing errors for sethostid() Michael Kerrisk Update section number to reflect relocation into Section 3 printf.3 Michael Kerrisk Source and destination buffers may not overlap for *s*printf() http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7075 Some existing code relies on techniques like the following to append text to a buffer: $ cat s.c #include char buf[80] = "not "; main() { sprintf(buf, "%sfail", buf); puts(buf); return 0; } $ cc s.c $ ./a.out not fail However, the standards say the results are undefined if source and destination buffers overlap, and with suitable compiler options, recent changes can cause unexpected results: $ cc -v 2>&1 | grep gcc gcc version 4.3.1 20080507 (prerelease) [gcc-4_3-branch revision 135036] (SUSE Linux) $ cc -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE -O2 s.c $ ./a.out fail readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite text describing 'dirent' fields standardized in POSIX.1 Michael Kerrisk Clarify text for return value/errno setting for end-of-stream case nscd.8 Petr Baudis Correct NOTES section on reloading configuration files It behaved this way at least since "Sun Oct 18 15:02:11 1998 +0000", some four months after including the nscd implementation in glibc. But there does seem to be a short window between glibc-2.1 and glibc-2.1.3 when nscd -i was not available, I don't think it's worth muddling the point of the page with that, though. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.17 ==================== Released: 2009-01-19, Hobart Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adeodato Simó Bastien ROUCARIES Davide Libenzi Lefteris Dimitroulakis Mads Martin Joergensen Marc Lehmann Martin (Joey) Schulze Michael Kerrisk Petr Baudis Sam Varshavchik Vegard Nossum Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- endian.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting byte order conversion functions Document functions (new in glibc 2.9) for conversion between host byte order and big-/little- endian byte order: htobe16(), htole16(), be16toh(), le16toh(), htobe32(), htole32(), be32toh(), le32toh(), htobe64(), htole64(), be64toh(), le64toh() getifaddrs.3 Petr Baudis New page documenting getifaddrs(3) and freeifaddrs(3) Many edits and changes of Petr's initial draft by mtk cp1251.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting CP 1251 (Windows Cyrillic) character set iso-8859-10.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-10 character set iso_8859-13.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-13 character set iso_8859-14.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-14 character set iso_8859-3.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-3 character set iso_8859-5.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-5 character set iso_8859-8.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-8 character set koi8-u.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting KOI8-U character set Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc interfaces for limiting kernel memory usage Document the following /proc files that were added in Linux 2.6.28: /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches netdevice.7 Michael Kerrisk Document recently added interface flags IFF_LOWER_UP (since Linux 2.6.17) IFF_DORMANT (since Linux 2.6.17) IFF_ECHO (since Linux 2.6.25) Documentation taken from comments in New and changed links --------------------- freeifaddrs.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new getifaddrs.3 htobe16.3 htole16.3 be16toh.3 le16toh.3 htobe32.3 htole32.3 be32toh.3 le32toh.3 htobe64.3 htole64.3 be64toh.3 le64toh.3 Michael Kerrisk New links to new endian.3 iso-8859-10.7 iso_8859_10.7 latin6.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-10.7 iso-8859-13.7 iso_8859_13.7 latin7.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-13.7 iso-8859-14.7 iso_8859_14.7 latin8.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-14.7 iso-8859-3.7 iso_8859_3.7 latin3.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-3.7 iso-8859-5.7 iso_8859_5.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-5.7 iso-8859-8.7 iso_8859_8.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-8.7 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add getifaddrs(3) epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Document EMFILE error This error is encountered when the limit imposed by /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances is encountered. Michael Kerrisk Clarify distinction between epoll instance and epoll file descriptor Reword so that the notion of an epoll instance is made clear, and made distinct from the notion of an epoll file descriptor. Some other minor rewordings also. epoll_ctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Reordered parts of the text Michael Kerrisk Introduce notion of epoll instance Introduce notion of epoll instance as distinct from epoll file descriptor. Plus other wording clean-ups. Michael Kerrisk Document ENOSPC error (new in Linux 2.6.28) This error results when the limit imposed by /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches is encountered. epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk Introduce the notion of an epoll instance into text getdents.2 Michael Kerrisk Before kernel < 2.6.4, 'd_type' was effectively always DT_UNKNOWN gethostid.2 Michael Kerrisk Rename file (was misnamed gethostd.2 in previous release) getsockname.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add getifaddrs(3) signalfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix description of fork() semantics The page text described the semantics of the initial implementation of signalfd(). These were changed early on, but the man page wasn't updated. byteorder.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add endian(3) longjmp.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording re saving/restoring signal mask Michael Kerrisk siglongjmp() restores signal mask iff 'savesigs' was non-zero Note that siglongjmp() restores signal mask if, and only if, 'savesigs' argument of sigsetjmp() was non-zero. (Previous text omitted the "and only if".) memccpy.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix CONFORMING TO: s/C99/POSIX.1-2001/ Michael Kerrisk If the memory areas overlap, the results are undefined sethostid.3 Michael Kerrisk Rename file (was misnamed sethostd.3 in previous release) setjmp.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording re saving/restoring signal mask Michael Kerrisk Clarify when setjmp() provides BSD vs System V signal mask semantics strsep.3 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: explicitly list problems afflicting strsep() Previously, the page said this function suffered the same problems as strtok(), but in fact strsep() doesn't suffer from all of the same problems as strtok(), so explicitly list just the problems of strsep() in the strsep.3 page. proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to epoll(7) for description of epoll /proc files epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Various wording changes to improve clarity and consistency ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.18 ==================== Released: 2009-02-10, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Bastien ROUCARIES Christian Siebert Christopher Head Florentin Duneau Guillem Jover Lefteris Dimitroulakis Lucio Maciel Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Peter Zijlstra Petr Baudis Sam Varshavchik Satyam Sharma Sebastian Kienzl Timo Sirainen Vegard Nossum Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- armscii-8.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ArmSCII-8 character set iso_8859-11.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-11 character set iso_8859-4.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page documenting ISO 8859-4 character set iso_8859-6.7 Lefteris Dimitroulakis New page describing ISO 8859-6 character set pthread_kill.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting pthread_kill(3) pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting pthread_kill_other_threads_np(3) pthread_sigmask.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting pthread_sigmask(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- clock_getres.3 Michael Kerrisk Document CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW, new in 2.6.28 New and changed links --------------------- clock_gettime.2 clock_settime.2 clock_getres.3 clock_gettime.3 clock_settime.3 Michael Kerrisk Update links to reflect the fact that clock_* pages are now in Section 2 iso-8859-11.7 iso_8859_11.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-11.7 iso-8859-4.7 iso_8859_4.7 latin4.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-4.7 iso-8859-6.7 iso_8859_6.7 Michael Kerrisk New links to new iso_8859-6.7 tis-620.7 Michael Kerrisk New link to new iso_8859-11.7 Global changes -------------- clock_nanosleep.2 getrusage.2 timerfd_create.2 clock.3 clock_getcpuclockid.3 ftime.3 pthread_create.3 pthread_getcpuclockid.3 pthread_tryjoin_np.3 sem_wait.3 time.7 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: Fix xrefs to clock_*.? pages to reflect move to section 2 clock_nanosleep.2 execve.2 fork.2 nanosleep.2 sigaction.2 timerfd_create.2 pthread_getcpuclockid.3 ualarm.3 usleep.3 pthreads.7 time.7 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/(3)/(2)/ in section number xrefs for timer_*() API The POSIX timers API is implemented (mostly) within the kernel, so thse interfaces are system calls. Although there are as yet no man pages, when they are added they should be in Section 2, not 3. Therefore fix those pages that currently refer to these interfaces as being in Section 3. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 Andi Kleen Add some details and relocate a paragraph While writing a little program using capset I found the capset manpage quite light on crucial details and I had to resort to RTFS. This patch improves the points I found unclear and also moves one misplaced paragraph around. clock_getres.2 Michael Kerrisk Move page from Section 3 to Section 2 eventfd.2 Michael Kerrisk glibc eventfd() supports the use of eventfd2() since version 2.9 fork.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add daemon(3) getdents.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove unneeded HAVE_D_TYPE from example program Since d_type will always just return DT_UNKNOWN before kernel 2.6.4, we don't need to use a conditional for determining whether we use this flag. nanosleep.2 Michael Kerrisk Relocated misplaced BUGS heading select_tut.2 Michael Kerrisk Clean up error checking in example program (no semantic changes) Michael Kerrisk Many parts tidied and rewritten Remove some redundant text, clarify various pieces, tidy example code, etc. Michael Kerrisk Bug fixes + rewrites in example program Sebastien pointed out that the first example program wrongly thinks it can count signals. Also, some further rewrites by mtk. socket.2 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: Remove discussion SOCK_UUCP As time goes on, this sentence becomes less a piece of humor, and more a puzzle. stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that open(O_NOATIME) also causes st_atime not to be updated timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Add BUGS noting that timerfd supports fewer clock types than timer_create() btowc.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add wctob(3) clock_getcpuclockid.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add pthread_getcpuclockid(3) cos.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sincos(3) fexecve.3 Timo Sirainen Note that fexecve() depends on a mounted /proc See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514043 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: note addition of fexecve() in POSIX.1-2008 Michael Kerrisk 'fd' must be opened read-only and refer to a file that is executable fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: note that these functions are in POSIX.1-2008 getifaddrs.3 Lucio Maciel Fix memory leak in example program Petr Baudis Various small fixes getpwnam.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add getspnam(3) getumask.3 Michael Kerrisk Updated glibc version number in NOTES ilogb.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add significand(3) intro.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add libc(7) isalpha.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix statement that isalpa() is obsolete; should be isascii() http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=512709 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add toascii(3) mq_notify.3 Michael Kerrisk Add cross reference to pthread_attr_init(3) pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of 'attr' pthread_getcpuclockid.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: fix type of 'thread' qsort.3 Michael Kerrisk EXAMPLE: remove unnecessary "#include " random.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add random_r(3) remainder.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add div(3) scandir.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: alphasort() and scandir() are added to POSIX.1-2008 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: note that versionsort() was added to glibc in version 2.1 sem_wait.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add clock_gettime(2) significand.3 Michael Kerrisk Add CONFORMING TO noting that this function is unstandardized sigwait.3 Michael Kerrisk Add EXAMPLES section referring to pthread_sigmask(3) sin.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sincos(3) stpcpy.3 Michael Kerrisk Add BUGS section noting the possibility of buffer overruns Michael Kerrisk Add missing pieces/fix various problems in example program Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: stpcpy() is nowadays on the BSDs Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add stpcpy.3 wcscasecmp.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: note that this function is added in POSIX.1-2008 wcsdup.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: note that this function was added in POSIX.1-2008 wcsncasecmp.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: note that this function is added in POSIX.1-2008 wctob.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add btowc(3) proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of epoll/max_user_instances (Since this interface appeared in 2.6.28, and then disappeared in 2.6.29.) ascii.7 Michael Kerrisk Update SEE ALSO list to include pages added in 3.17 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add recently added iso_8859-*(7) pages epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk remove documentation of /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances This /proc interface appeared in 2.6.28. but will be removed in 2.6.29. Also, document change in default value of /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches (was 1/32 of lowmem, now 1/25 of lowmem). koi8-r.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add koi8-u(7); remove crufty text standards.7 Michael Kerrisk Update to note that latest POSIX/SUS was ratified in 2008 time.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add pthread_getcpuclockid(3) ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.19 ==================== Released: 2009-02-20, Putaruru Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Christian Siebert Jan Engelhardt Jens Thoms Toerring Kir Kolyshkin Mark Hills Michael Kerrisk Parag Warudkar Peter Zijlstra Sami Liedes Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- timer_create.2 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting timer_create(2) timer_delete.2 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting timer_delete(2) timer_getoverrun.2 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting timer_getoverrun(2) timer_settime.2 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting timer_settime(2) and timer_gettime(2) New and changed links --------------------- timer_gettime.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to new timer_settime.2 Global changes -------------- Various pages Kir Kolyshkin Trivial punctuation fixes in SEE ALSO In SEE ALSO, when a few man pages are referenced, those are divided by commas. Every reference is on a separate line, and all lines but the last one should end with comma. I spotted one place where there is no comma in between references, and mocked up an awk script to find similar places: for f in man*/*; do awk ' /^.SH ["]SEE ALSO["]/ { sa=1; print "== " FILENAME " =="; print; next } /^\.(PP|SH)/ { sa=0; no=0; next } /^\.BR/ { if (sa==1) { print; if (no == 1) print "Missing comma in " FILENAME " +" FNR-1; no=0 } } /^\.BR .*)$/ { if (sa==1) no=1; next } /\.\\"/ {next} /.*/ { if (sa==1) { print; next } } ' $f; done | fgrep 'Missing comma' This patch fixes all the places found by the above script. Also, there is an extra dot at the end of uri.7 "SEE ALSO" section. Removed as per man-pages(7) recommendation. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getitimer.2 clock_getcpuclockid.3 time.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add timer_create(2) getitimer.2 Michael Kerrisk Rename arguments for consistency with other timer pages Also some other minor wording improvements splice.2 Mark Hills ERRORS: Add EINVAL case for file opened O_APPEND Target file cannot be opened in append (O_APPEND) mode In kernels prior to v2.6.27 splice() to a file in append mode is broken, and since that version it is disallowed. It is possible this behaviour may change in the future; see the kernel commit message (efc968d450e013049a662d22727cf132618dcb2f) for more information. syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that getpmsg(2) and putmsg(2) are unimplemented See See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514771 timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add EFAULT timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Rename timerfd_settime() 'curr_value' arg to 'old_value' For consistency with related pages. vm86.2 Parag Warudkar CONFORMING TO: Add 32-bit specific Note that this call is only on *32-bit* Intel mq_open.3 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add ENOENT error for name == "/" mq_open.3 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EACCES error for name containing > 1 slash sem_open.3 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add EINVAL error where name == "/" sem_open.3 Jens Thoms Toerring Add case of non-well-formed name to ENOENT shm_open.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify rules for construction of shared memory object names proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Add description of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq Reported by: Goerghe Cosorea proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Put /proc/modules entry in correct alphabetical order ascii.7 Kir Kolyshkin Fix formatting of tables on second page to use monospaced font mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Clarify construction rules for message queue object names sem_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Clarify construction rules for semaphore object names See also http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.development.apps/browse_thread/thread/b4a67caa765cb65f ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.20 ==================== Released: 2009-03-31, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alan Curry Américo Wang Andi Kleen Carlos O'Donell Chunming Chang Colin Watson Eelco Dolstra Jan Engelhardt Jens Thoms Toerring Johannes Stezenbach Leandro A. F. Pereira Martin Gebert Michael Kerrisk Mike O'Connor Mike Frysinger Nikanth Karthikesan Reuben Thomas Reuben Thomas Roland McGrath Sam Varshavchik Simon Gomizelj Tanaka Akira Teddy Hogeborn Walter Jontofsohn Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- cpuid.4 Andi Kleen New page for cpuid access device msr.4 Andi Kleen New page documenting x86 CPU MSR access device Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- proc.5 Américo Wang Document /proc/sys/vm/swappiness Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sysrq-trigger Global changes -------------- timer_create.2 timer_delete.2 timer_getoverrun.2 timer_settime.2 numa.7 Michael Kerrisk Make source layout of 'Link with' text consistent with other pages No actual change to formatted output, but this makes the page sources more consistent for the purpose of grepping, etc. mempcpy.3 signbit.3 significand.3 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: acknowledge FSF in copyright These pages are heavily based on original material in glibc info pages, but the comments in the source of the pages did not acknowledge the FSF copyright on the original material. Fix that. accept.2 read.2 recv.2 send.2 write.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix discussion of EAGAIN/EWOULDBLOCK errors For a non-blocking socket, POSIX.1-2001/2008 allow either EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK to be returned in cases where a call would have blocked. Although these constants are defined with the same value on most Linux architectures (PA-RISC is the exception), POSIX.1 does not require them to have the same value. Therefore, a portable application using the sockets API should test for both errors when checking this case. (NB POSIX.1 only mentions EWOULDBLOCK in the context of the sockets interfaces.) Change made after a note cross-posted on linux-arch@vger, http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.debian.ports.hppa/5615 and a suggestion for write(2) from Carlos O'Donell basename.3 getgrent.3 getgrnam.3 getpwent.3 getpwnam.3 readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that returned pointer should not be given to free() armscii-8.7 cp1251.7 iso_8859-10.7 iso_8859-11.7 iso_8859-13.7 iso_8859-14.7 iso_8859-15.7 iso_8859-16.7 iso_8859-2.7 iso_8859-3.7 iso_8859-4.7 iso_8859-5.7 iso_8859-6.7 iso_8859-7.7 iso_8859-8.7 iso_8859-9.7 koi8-r.7 koi8-u.7 Michael Kerrisk Add explicit character set encoding to first line of source Nowadays mandb has provision to understand a character set encoding that is explicitly indicated in the first line of the source. As pointed out by Colin Watson, including such an explicit indication on pages encoded in anything other than ISO 8859-1 or UTF-8 is useful for man-pages that aren't shipped in UTF-8. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519209 and for some other background (responded to by Colin Watson in the above report): http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.internationalization.linux/6040 ("man page encoding", 5 Jul 2005) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk VERSIONS: glibc support is provided since version 2.10 fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of EWOULDBLOCK from discussion of mandatory locking In the kernel, the error on encountering a mandatory lock is EAGAIN. Although EAGAIN and EWOULDBLOCK are the same on most Linux architectures, on some they are not, so don't mention EWOULDBLOCK as it is misleading. (Mea culpa.) getcontext.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getcontext() getitimer.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends POSIX timers API instead of this API gettimeofday.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends clock_gettime() instead of this API ptrace.2 Michael Kerrisk Note use of 'data' for PTRACE_SYS{CALL,EMU} and PTRACE_*_SINGLESTEP These operations use the 'data' argument as a signal number, like PTRACE_CONT. ptrace.2 Mike Frysinger only reference The kernel no longer installs linux/user.h, so update references to sys/user.h. recv.2 Michael Kerrisk Add 'iovec' defn to defn of 'msghdr' structure The 'msghdr' structure includes a field of type 'iovec', so show the definition of that structure in this page. rename.2 Michael Kerrisk Make ENOENT description consistent with POSIX.1-2008 timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add EINVAL for invalid 'flags' for timer_settime() truncate.2 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Fix description of feature test macro requirements After a report by Arvid Norlander. bcopy.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 removes specification of bcopy() bsd_signal.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sigaction(2) instead of this API ctime.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends strftime(3) instead of these functions ecvt.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sprintf(3) instead of these functions gcvt.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sprintf(3) instead of this function getcwd.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that getcwd() should be used instead of the obsolete getwd() getgrent.3 Michael Kerrisk Returned buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by later calls gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk POSIX.1-2008 recommends getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3) instead getnetent_r.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix function name in text: s/getnetbynumber_r/getnetbyaddr_r/ The SYNOPSIS showed the right function name (getnetbyaddr_r), but the text repeatedly used the wrong name (getnetbynumber_r). Probably, this was a cut-and-paste error. getpwent.3 Michael Kerrisk Returned buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by later calls index.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends strchr(3) and strrchr(3) instead isalpha.3 Michael Kerrisk Explain why POSIX.1-2008 marks isascii(3) obsolete lockf.3 Nikanth Karthikesan Update pointer to documentation in kernel source makecontext.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends the use of POSIX threads instead mq_notify.3 Michael Kerrisk Document the POSIX.1-2008 optional EINVAL error POSIX.1-2008 allows an optional EINVAL error if notification==NULL and the caller is not currently registered to receive notifications. posix_fallocate.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that EINVAL also occurs of 'len' *equals* zero See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12919 posix_fallocate.3 Michael Kerrisk Document POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 specifications for EINVAL error See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12919 posix_memalign.3 Michael Kerrisk Document handling of size==0 case for posix_memalign() pthread_exit.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix error in DESCRIPTION: s/pthread_create/pthread_exit/ realpath.3 Michael Kerrisk Rework resolved_path==NULL discussion w.r.t. POSIX.1-200[18] Although the page already mentioned the resolved_path==NULL feature, and that this feature was added in POSIX.1-2008, there was still some crufty text in BUGS that hadn't been updated to reflect the POSIX.1-2008 changes. Also, some other minor wording and grammar fixes. scalb.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends scalbln*(3) instead seekdir.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Fix type of 'offset' argument: s/off_t/long/ And add a NOTES section pointing out that 'off_t' was indeed used in glibc 2.1.1 and earlier. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519230 sem_post.3 Michael Kerrisk Document EOVERFLOW error shm_open.3 Michael Kerrisk Recast discussion on name length to exclude terminating NULL byte Probably it's clearer to describe the length of the IPC object name as a count that excludes the null terminator. siginterrupt.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sigaction() instead sigset.3 Michael Kerrisk Note APIs that POSIX.1-2008 recommends instead of these obsolete APIs strftime.3 Michael Kerrisk Small fix to description of %G See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=516677 strftime.3 Michael Kerrisk Add details on ISO 8601 week-based dates ISO 8602 week-based dates are relevant for %G, %g, and %V, and the existing details on these dates are a little thin. strftime.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of year from ISO 8601 standard The text mentioned the 1988 8601 standard, but there have already been two revisions of the standard since then, so simply remove mention of the year. telldir.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Fix return type: s/off_t/long/ And add a NOTES section pointing out that 'off_t' was indeed used in glibc 2.1.1 and earlier. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519230 timeradd.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that on some systems, <=, >=, == don't work for timercmp() timeradd.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Fix return types of timerisset() and timercmp() toascii.3 Michael Kerrisk Note why POSIX.1-2008 marks this function obsolete console_ioctl.4 Alan Curry Fix 'argp' type for KDGETLED description See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=517485 group.5 Michael Kerrisk Various minor rewordings and improvements resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk Document 'ip6-bytestring' option resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk Document 'edns0' option resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk Document 'ip6-dotint' / 'no-ip6-dotint' option resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk Note that maximum value of 'ndots' option is capped to 15 resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk Note that maximum value of 'timeout' option is capped to 30 hier.7 Michael Kerrisk Add description of /srv See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=520904 ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix type used to declare sin6_port The page should use the type specified by POSIX, rather than the (equivalent) type used in the kernel ipv6.7 Teddy Hogeborn Fix types used to declare sin6_family and sin6_port The page should use the types specified by POSIX, rather than the (equivalent) types used in the kernel. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=517074 mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Recast discussion on name length to exclude terminating NULL byte Probably it's clearer to describe the length of the IPC object name as a count that excludes the null terminator. rtld-audit.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that multiple libraries in LD_AUDIT doesn't work This is reportedly fixed in glibc 2.10. See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9733 sem_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix discussion of length of semaphore names Because of the "sem." prefix added by glibc to a semaphore name, the limit on the length of the name (excluding the terminating null byte) is 251 characters. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.21 ==================== Released: 2009-04-15, Los Gatos Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Frank Dana Michael Kerrisk Roman Byshko Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_setconcurrency.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting pthread_setconcurrency(3) and pthread_getconcurrency(3) pthread_yield.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting pthread_yield(3) New and changed links --------------------- pthread_getconcurrency.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setconcurrency(3) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- initrd.4 Michael Kerrisk Various minor wording improvements initrd.4 Frank Dana Add missing word in description feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Update for glibc 2.10 changes to From glibc 2.10, understands the values 200809 for _POSIX_C_SOURCE and 700 for _XOPEN_SOURCE, and makes corresponding changes to defaults for other feature test macros. Michael Kerrisk Add an example program This example program makes it possible to explore what feature test macros are set depending on the glibc version and the macros that are explicitly set. ldconfig.8 Michael Kerrisk /etc/ld.so.conf also include libraries found in /lib and /usr/lib ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.22 ==================== Released: 2009-07-25, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Dewhurst Alexander Lamaison Bryan Østergaard Christopher Head Doug Goldstein Florentin Duneau Gokdeniz Karadag Jeff Moyer KOSAKI Motohiro Lucian Adrian Grijincu Mark Hills Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Petr Baudis Reimar Döffinger Ricardo Garcia Rui Rlex Shachar Shemesh Tolga Dalman ku roi sobtwmxt Apologies if I missed anyone! Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite crufty text about number of args in older version of clone() Some bit rot had crept in regarding the discussion of the number of arguments in older versions of this syscall. Simplify the text to just say that Linux 2.4 and earlier didn't have ptid, tls, and ctid arguments. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=533868 Michael Kerrisk Fix version number for CLONE_NEWIPC It's 2.6.19, not 2.4.19. Michael Kerrisk Fix errors in argument names in text (ptid, ctd) execve.2 Mike Frysinger Remove erroneous statement that pending signal set is cleared on execve(2). fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk The kernel source file mandatory.txt is now mandatory-locking.txt Michael Kerrisk The Documentation/* files are now in Documentation/filesystems flock.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove unneeded reference to Documentation/mandatory.txt Mandatory locks are only implemented by fcntl() locking Michael Kerrisk The Documentation/* files are now in Documentation/filesystems fork.2 Jeff Moyer Document fork() behaviour for the Linux native AIO io_context It was noted on lkml that the fork behaviour is documented for the POSIX AIO calls, but not for the Linux native calls. Here is a patch which adds a small blurb that folks will hopefully find useful. Upon fork(), the child process does not inherit the io_context_t data structures returned by io_setup, and thus cannot submit further asynchronous I/O or reap event completions for said contexts. getdents.2 Michael Kerrisk The d_type field is fully supported on Btrfs mount.2 Michael Kerrisk Document MS_STRICTATIME, update description of MS_RELATIME Starting with Linux 2.6.30, the MS_RELATIME behavior became the default, and MS_STRICTATIME is required to obtain the traditional semantics. poll.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove EBADF error from ERRORS As reported by Motohiro: "man poll" describe this error code. >ERRORS > EBADF An invalid file descriptor was given in one of the sets. but current kernel implementation ignore invalid file descriptor, not return EBADF. ... In the other hand, SUSv3 talk about > POLLNVAL > The specified fd value is invalid. This flag is only valid in the > revents member; it shall ignored in the events member. and > If the value of fd is less than 0, events shall be ignored, and > ireevents shall be set to 0 in that entry on return from poll(). but, no desribe EBADF. (see http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/poll.html) So, I think the implementation is correct. Why don't we remove EBADF description? sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Expand description of si_utime and si_stime fields of siginfo_t stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Improve wording of ENOTDIR error syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add preadv() and pwritev(), new in kernel 2.6.30 wait.2 Gokdeniz Karadag Document CLD_DUMPED and CLD_TRAPPED si_code values daemon.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify discussion of 'noclose' and 'nochdir' arguments ffs.3 Petr Baudis SEE ALSO: add memchr(3) fmemopen.3 Petr Baudis Relocate BUGS section to correct position Petr Baudis NOTES: there is no file descriptor associated with the returned stream Alexander Lamaison pointed out that this is not obvious from the documentation, citing an example with passing the FILE * handle to a function that tries to fstat() its fileno() in order to determine the buffer size. Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: remove note that these functions are GNU extensions That sentence is now redundant, since these functions are added in POSIX.1-2008. lockf.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify relationship between fcntl() and lockf() locking memchr.3 Petr Baudis SEE ALSO: add ffs(3) readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk The d_type field is fully supported on Btrfs setjmp.3 Mike Frysinger Fix typo and clarify RETURN description The word "signal" was duplicated in NOTES, and the RETURN section refers to setjmp() and sigsetjmp(), and mentions longjmp(), but not siglongjmp(). strcmp.3 Petr Baudis SEE ALSO: add strverscmp(3) strcpy.3 Mark Hills SEE ALSO: Add strdup(3) complex.7 Michael Kerrisk Add missing header file for example program Reimar Döffinger Fix type used in example code man complex (from release 3.18) contains the following code: complex z = cexp(I * pi); Reading the C99 standard, "complex" is not a valid type, and several compilers (Intel ICC, ARM RVCT) will refuse to compile. It should be double complex z = cexp(I * pi); instead. environ.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that last element in environ array is NULL See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=528628 Michael Kerrisk Wording fixes mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that mkdir and mount commands here need superuser privilege Michael Kerrisk Fix example showing contents of /dev/mqueue file standards.7 Michael Kerrisk Remove references to dated books Gallmeister and Lewine are rather old books. Probably, there are better books to consult nowadays, and anyway, this man page isn't intended to be a bibliography. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.23 ==================== Released: 2009-09-30, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aaron Gardner Andrey Vihrov Christoph Hellwig Georg Sauthoff Leslie P. Polzer Marc Lehmann Mark Hills Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Nicolas François Serge Hallyn Siward de Groot rui rlex Apologies if I missed anyone! Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 pipe.2 tee.2 fmemopen.3 mq_notify.3 qsort.3 Michael Kerrisk Replace use of assert() by code that checks argc See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13569 As noted by Andrey: The purpose of the assert macro, defined in , is to provide a tool to check for programming mistakes or program logic errors. However, the assert macro must never be used to perform checks for run time errors, since, with the NDEBUG macro defined, expressions within the assert macro invocations are not evaluated/checked for, resulting in behavior that was not originally intended. ... The pages affected in the core package are execve(2) pipe(2) tee(2) fmemopen(3) mq_notify(3) qsort(3) getrusage.2 Michael Kerrisk ru_inblock and ru_oublock are now implemented These fields of the rusage structure are filled in since Linux 2.6.22. mmap.2 Michael Kerrisk Add brief documentation of MAP_HUGETLB This flag is new in 2.6.32, and serves a similar purpose to the shmget() SHM_HUGETLB flag. open.2 Christoph Hellwig add some comments on O_SYNC and friends poll.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording describing of 'nfds' argument. reported by: rui rlex semctl.2 Nicolas François Remove some redundant words setpgid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add an explanation of orphaned process groups splice.2 tee.2 vmsplice.2 Mark Hills Fix return type Since glibc 2.7, the return type for these functions is ssize_t (formerly it was long). stat.2 Nicolas François Fix small bug in example program Since it is a failure, EXIT_FAILURE looks more appropriate than EXIT_SUCCESS. umount.2 Michael Kerrisk glibc only exposes MNT_DETACH and MNT_EXPIRE since version 2.11 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10092 exit.3 Michael Kerrisk Add a pointer to explanation of orphaned process groups in setpgid(2) fflush.3 Michael Kerrisk fflush() discards buffered input ffs.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that ffsl() and ffsll() are GNU extensions getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk Note nonstandard assumed hints.ai_flags value when hints is NULL When hints is NULL, glibc assumes hints.ai_flags is AI_V4MAPPED|AI_ADDRCONFIG whereas POSIX says 0. According to Ulrich Drepper, glibc's behavior is better. getmntent.3 Mike Frysinger setmntent() argument is 'filename' not 'fp' The description of setmntent() formerly used the wrong argument name. posix_fallocate.3 Nicolas François Fix reference to POSIX.1-2008 The sentence mentions twice POSIX.1-2001. I guess the second one should be POSIX.1-2008. This should be checked in the standard. setenv.3 Michael Kerrisk Improve ERRORS section Add ENOMEM error; improve EINVAL description. Also, make RETURN VALUE section a little more accurate in its mention of errno. strftime.3 Nicolas François Fix error in description: s/Monday/Thursday/ proc.5 Nicolas François Fix page cross reference max_user_watches is better explained in epoll(7) than inotify(7). proc.5 Michael Kerrisk dmesg is in section 1, not section 8 capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk FS UID manipulations affect CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE and CAP_MKNOD Nowadays, file system UID manipulations also affect CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE (since 2.6.3) and CAP_MKNOD (since 2.6.29). capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix version number for CAP_MKNOD in FS UID manipulations A recent patch said "since 2.6.29". It should have been "since 2.6.30". capabilities.7 Nicolas François Reword a bad sentence in description of capability bounding set. mq_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Change documented ranges for msg_max and msgsize_max Linux 2.6.28 changed the permissible ranges for these /proc files. tcp.7 udp.7 Nicolas François Replace references to syctl interfaces with /proc ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.24 ==================== Released: 2010-02-25, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Andries E. Brouwer Ansgar Burchardt Bela Lubkin Bill O. Gallmeister Christoph Hellwig Colin Watson Dan Jacobson David Howells Denis Barbier Doug Manley Edward Welbourne Fang Wenqi Frédéric Brière Garrett Cooper Ihar Hrachyshka Jann Poppinga Jason Goldfine-Middleton Jason Noakes Jonathan Nieder Kevin Mark Hills Markus Peuhkuri Michael Kerrisk Michael Witten Mike Frysinger Sam Liao Samy Al Bahra Stuart Kemp sunjiangangok Tobias Stoeckmann Vlastimil Babka Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- add_key.2 David Howells New page documenting add_key(2) Taken from keyutils-1.1 package. keyctl.2 David Howells New page documenting keyctl(2) Taken from keyutils-1.1 package. request_key.2 David Howells New page documenting request_key(2) Taken from keyutils-1.1 package. Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/non-root/unprivileged/ Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/non-privileged/unprivileged/ Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: /non-superuser/unprivileged user/ Various pages Michael Kerrisk s/non-/non/ The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes like "non-" etc. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/re-/re/ The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes like "re-" etc. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/multi-/multi/ The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes like "multi-" etc. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/pre-/pre/ The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes like "pre-" etc. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/sub-/sub/ The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes like "sub-" etc. stime.2 time.2 utimensat.2 ctime.3 difftime.3 ftime.3 getspnam.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 rtime.3 sem_wait.3 strftime.3 strptime.3 timeradd.3 rtc.4 core.5 proc.5 icmp.7 time.7 Michael Witten Global fix: Consistently define the Epoch All definitions of the Epoch have been refactored to the following: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC) That form is more consistent, logical, precise, and internationally recognizable than the other variants. Also, some wording has been altered as well. spu_create.2 getopt.3 passwd.5 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/non-existing/nonexistent/ faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 symlinkat.2 unlinkat.2 utimensat.2 mkfifoat.3 Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements Starting in glibc 2.10, defining _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 700, or _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809 exposes the declarations of these functions. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_getres.2 Michael Kerrisk Update text on nonsetabble CLOCK_*_CPUTIME_ID clocks SUSv3 permits, but does not require CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID to be settable. See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11972. execve.2 Colin Watson Fix description of treatment of caught signals Caught signals reset to their default on an execve() (not to being ignored). fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk s/F_OWNER_GID/F_OWNER_PGRP/ Peter Zijlstra took the name change I suggested. Michael Kerrisk Document F_[SG]ETOWN_EX; update details on F_SETOWN Linux 2.6.32 adds F_SETOWN_EX and F_GETOWN_EX. Linux 2.6.12 changed (broke) the former behavior of F_SETOWN with respect to threads. intro.2 intro.3 Michael Kerrisk Make subsection heading consistent with other intro.? pages These pages used "Copyright Terms"; the other intro.? pages used "Copyright Conditions". Make these pages like the others. sendfile.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify behavior when 'offset' is NULL seteuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Note unstandardized behavior for effective ID POSIX.1 doesn't require that the effective ID can be changed to the same value it currently has (a no-op). The man page should note this, since some other implementations don't permit it. setgid.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix EPERM error description s/effective group ID/real group ID/ This bug lived in man pages for 15 years before Jason spotted it! I checked back in Linux 1.0, and the behavior was as the fixed man page describes. setreuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add more detail on POSIX.1 specification for these syscalls setuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty statement that seteuid() is not in POSIX See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=569812 stime.2 strftime.3 tzset.3 zic.8 Michael Witten GMT -> UTC (where appropriate) sync_file_range.2 Christoph Hellwig Add some big warnings re data integrity This system call is by design completely unsuitable for any data integrity operations. Make that very clear in the manpage. CPU_SET.3 Vlastimil Babka SYNOPSIS: Fix return types for CPU_COUNT_*() These functions return 'int' not void'. confstr.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macro requirements daemon.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix description of 'nochdir' argument. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=554819 gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk Document feature test macro requirements for herror() and hstrerror() Since glibc 2.8, one of _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE, or _GNU_SOURCE is required. getline.3 Michael Kerrisk Update to reflect that these functions were standardized in POSIX.1-2008 getnameinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk Document feature test macros requirements for NI_MAXHOST and NI_MAXSERV Since glibc 2.8, one of _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE, or _GNU_SOURCE must be defined to obtain these definitions. getopt.3 Jonathan Nieder Fix feature test macro requirements memchr.3 Michael Kerrisk Add feature text macro requirements for memrchr() nextafter.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix notable error in DESCRIPTION. "less than y" should be "less than x". popen.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macro requirements pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 Denis Barbier Argument name is 'attr' not 'thread' The function argument was misnamed in the DESCRIPTION on these three pages. rtnetlink.3 Michael Kerrisk Various fixes in example code Edward reported a problem in the example code, where a variable seems to be misnamed. Upon inspection, there seem to be a few such instances, and this patch is my best guess at how things should look. sched_getcpu.3 Michael Kerrisk Place correct header file in SYNOPSIS sleep.3 Bill O. Gallmeister sleep() puts calling *thread* to sleep (not calling *process*) sleep.3 Bill O. Gallmeister Add nanosleep(2) to SEE ALSO strftime.3 Michael Kerrisk %z is defined in SUSv3 So, substitute "GNU" tag in man page by "SU". strftime.3 Michael Witten Move 822-compliant date format example to EXAMPLES section The RFC 822-compliant date format given in the description of `%z' is now moved to the `EXAMPLES' section (note: `EXAMPLE' has been renamed `EXAMPLES'). Furthermore, that format example is now actually RFC 822-compliant (using `%y' instead of `%Y') and has been qualified as being correct only when in the context of at least an English locale. Also, `%T' is used in place of `%H:%M:%S'. For completeness, an RFC 2822-compliant format example has been similarly added. strftime.3 Michael Witten Expand introductory text strftime.3 Michael Witten Clarification of %z specifier string.3 Mark Hills Add stpcpy() to this list of string functions strptime.3 Michael Kerrisk Initialize tm structure in example program undocumented.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove pages now documented By now, the following are documented: fopencookie(3) freeifaddrs(3) rawmemchr(3) readdir_r(3) getutmp(3) getutmpx(3) utmpxname(3) http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=554819 group.5 Michael Kerrisk s/passwd/password/ The page inconsistently used "passwd" and "password" to refer to the same field. capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Update securebits discussion to use SECBIT_* flags feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200808 defines _ATFILE_SOURCE Since glibc 2.10, _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200808 defines _ATFILE_SOURCE path_resolution.7 Michael Kerrisk Add readlink(2) to SEE ALSO Michael Kerrisk Fix NAME line The poorly constructed part preceding "\-" causes apropos not to be able to find the subject. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=558300 signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix discussion of SIGUNUSED Clarify that this signal really is synonymous with SIGSYS. See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14449 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.25 ==================== Released: 2010-06-20, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alexander E. Patrakov Andi Kleen Andrew Klossner André Goddard Rosa Bo Borgerson Christian Franke Daisuke HATAYAMA David Sommerseth Denis Barbier Eric Blake Fang Wenqi Francesco Cosoleto Gernot Tenchio Hugh Dickins Ivana Hutarova Varekova Jan Blunck Jan Engelhardt Jan Kara Jeff Barry Manfred Schwarb Mark Hills Martin (Joey) Schulze Michael Kerrisk Mihai Paraschivescu Mike Frysinger Miklos Szeredi Petr Baudis Petr Gajdos Petr Uzel Pierre Habouzit Reuben Thomas Rob Landley Robert Wohlrab Serge E. Hallyn Tolga Dalman Tom Swigg Walter Harms Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- migrate_pages.2 Andi Kleen New page documenting migrate_pages(2). Andi's text based on the move_pages.2 page; additional edits by mtk. migrate_pages(2) was new in Linux 2.6.16. quotactl.2 Jan Kara Major updates Update the page to consolidate information from the outdated man-pages quotactl.2 page and the quotactl.2 page in the "quota-tools" pachage. The page in "quota-tools" has now been dropped by Jan Kara, so that there is just one canonical quotactl.2 page (in pan-pages). Michael Kerrisk Various other pieces added to the page by mtk. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Document F_SETPIPE_SZ and F_GETPIPE_SZ These commands, new in kernel 2.6.35, set and get the capacity of pipes. madvise.2 Andi Kleen Document MADV_HWPOISON Michael Kerrisk Added documentation of MADV_MERGEABLE and MADV_UNMERGEABLE These flags (used for Kernel Samepage Merging, KSM) are new in 2.6.32. Andi Kleen Document MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE This operation was added in Linux 2.6.33. mmap.2 Michael Kerrisk Document MAP_UNINITIALIZED flag New in Linux 2.6.33. prctl.2 Andi Kleen Document the hwpoison prctls in 2.6.32 sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk Document SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK New in Linux 2.6.32 umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Document UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW New in Linux 2.6.34. mkstemp.3 Michael Kerrisk Document mkstemps() and mkostemps() These functions are new in glibc 2.11. They allow the template string to include a suffix after the "XXXXXX" string. proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/vm/memory_failure_early_kill New in 2.6.32. Description based on the text in Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt. Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/vm/memory_failure_recovery New in Linux 2.6.32. Description based on the text in Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt. Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size socket.7 Jan Engelhardt Document SO_DOMAIN and SO_PROTOCOL These read-only socket options were new in Linux 2.6.32. New and changed links --------------------- fstatvfs.2 Michael Kerrisk Adjust link to point to Section 3 fstatvfs.3 statvfs.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to page relocated to Section 3 mkstemps.3 mkostemps.3 Michael Kerrisk New links to mkstemp.3 mkstemp.3 now describes mkstemps(3) and mkostemps(3). timer_create.2 timer_delete.2 timer_getoverrun.2 timer_settime.2 getline.3 Michael Kerrisk Add 'L' to constants in feature test macro specifications Be consistent with POSIX, which uses constants such as 200809L. Global changes -------------- open.2 sync_file_range.2 umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/filesystem/file system/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that glibc 2.11 papers over the kernel F_GETOWN bug Since version 2.11, glibc works around the kernel limitation for process groups IDs < 4096 by implementing F_GETOWN via F_GETOWN_EX. futex.2 Michael Kerrisk Various fixes in SEE ALSO getpriority.2 nice.2 Francesco Cosoleto Move renice from section 8 to section 1 getrusage.2 Mark Hills Add ru_maxrss See kernel commit 1f10206. Mark Hills Description of maintained fields These descriptions are taken from NetBSD 5.0's getrusage(2). Michael Kerrisk Enhanced description of various fields mlock.2 Michael Kerrisk /proc/PID/status VmLck shows how much memory a process has locked After a note from Tom Swigg, it seems sensible mention VmLck here. mount.2 Petr Uzel Fix incorrect path move_pages.2 Andi Kleen Clarify includes/libraries mremap.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify existence of fifth argument. msgctl.2 semctl.2 shmctl.2 Francesco Cosoleto Move ipcs from section 8 to section 1 open.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove ambiguity in text on NFS and O_EXCL. poll.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix discussion of ppoll() timeout argument 1. Rename ppoll)(_ argument to "timeout_ts" to distinguish it from the poll() argument in the text. 2. More accurately describe the poll() call that is equivalent to ppoll(). posix_fadvise.2 Michael Kerrisk Add sync_file_range(2) under SEE ALSO prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Correct PR_SET_KEEPCAPS description The "keep capabilities" flag only affects the treatment of permitted capabilities, not effective capabilities. Also: other improvements to make the PR_SET_KEEPCAPS text clearer. select_tut.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix bug in example program sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Add TRAP_BRANCH and TRAP_HWBKPT to si_code values for SIGTRAP Michael Kerrisk Rearrange text describing fields set by sigqueue(2) Michael Kerrisk Add details for signals sent by POSIX message queue notifications Michael Kerrisk Improve description of various siginfo_t fields Michael Kerrisk Add some details for SIGTRAP and si_trapno Andi Kleen Document hwpoison signal extensions statfs.2 Michael Kerrisk Bring statfs struct type declarations closer to glibc reality Fang Wenqi Add definition EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC = 0xEF53 Michael Kerrisk Document f_frsize field. statvfs.2 Michael Kerrisk Move this page to section 3 (since it's a library call) swapon.2 Ivana Hutarova Varekova Note effect of CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE on MAX_SWAPFILES From 2.6.32, MAX_SWAPFILES is decreased by 1 if the kernel is built with CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE. syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Bring system call list up to date with Linux 2.6.33 Michael Kerrisk Fix kernel version number for utimes() cproj.3 Michael Kerrisk Note fix for C99 conformance in glibc 2.12. crypt.3 Petr Baudis Correct note on key portion significance As Marcel Moreaux notes: The Linux manpage for crypt()[1] contains the following statement as the last sentence of the NOTES section: In the SHA implementation the entire key is significant (instead of only the first 8 bytes in MD5). It should probably say "DES" where it says "MD5" (and maybe "MD5/SHA" where it says "SHA"), because in MD5 password hashing, the entire key is significant, not just the first 8 bytes. This patch fixes the wording. fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk Bug fix in example program ftw.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that if 'fn' changes CWD, the results are undefined Michael Kerrisk Clarify description of fpath argument As reported by Pierre Habouzit, 'fpath' is not relative to 'dirpath'. It is either relative to the calling process's current working directory (if 'dirpath' was relative), or it is absolute (if 'dirpath' was absolute). getaddrinfo.3 Christian Franke Fix a field name mixup: s/ai_family/ai_flags/ getline.3 Robert Wohlrab Remove unneeded check before free() The manpage of getline shows an example with an extra NULL pointer check before it calls free. This is unneeded according to free(3): If ptr is NULL, no operation is performed. This patch removes the "if" check. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=572508 log.3 log10.3 log2.3 Jan Engelhardt Add cross-references to other-base logarithmic functions opendir.3 Petr Baudis Specify feature test macro requirements for fdopendir(3) Currently, there is no note on the fact that fdopendir() is POSIX.2008-only. openpty.3 Eric Blake Use const as appropriate Michael Kerrisk Note glibc version that added "const" to function arguments Michael Kerrisk Explicitly note that these functions are not in POSIX resolver.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix declaration of dn_comp() in SYNOPSIS Remove the second 'exp_dn' from the calling signature. termios.3 Michael Kerrisk Change NOFLSH text to speak of characters, not signals core.5 Michael Kerrisk Update description of coredump_filter Kernel 2.6.24 added MMF_DUMP_ELF_HEADERS. Kernel 2.6.28 added MMF_DUMP_HUGETLB_PRIVATE and MMF_DUMP_HUGETLB_SHARED. elf.5 Daisuke HATAYAMA Document PN_XNUM extension In linux-2.6.34-rc1, an ELF core extension was added; user-land tools manipulating ELF core dump such as gdb and binutils has already been modified before; so elf.5 needs to be modified accordingly. You can follow information on the ELF extension via the LKML post: http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/1/3/103 Date Mon, 04 Jan 2010 10:06:07 +0900 (JST) Subject ... elf coredump: Add extended numbering support This Linux-specific extension was added in kernel 2.6.34. Reviewed-by: Petr Baudis Michael Kerrisk Remove EI_BRAND As reported by Yuri Kozlov and confirmed by Mike Frysinger, EI_BRAND is not in GABI (http://www.sco.com/developers/gabi/latest/ch4.eheader.html) It looks to be a BSDism Michael Kerrisk Remove words under '.note': "described below" The existing text is broken, because there is no '"Note Section" format' describe below. Simplest solution is to remove the words "described below". filesystems.5 Jeff Barry Add discussion of ntfs and ext4 proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Simplify description of /proc/sys and /proc/sys/fs In the description of these directories, there's no need to list all the files and subdirectories that they contain; that information is provided by the entries that follow. services.5 Yuri Kozlov Remove crufty reference to nonexistent BUGS section capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Document CAP_SYS_RESOURCE and F_SETPIPE_SZ With CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, a process can increase pipe capacity above /proc/sys/ps/pipe-max-size. Michael Kerrisk Add get_robust_list() info under CAP_SYS_PTRACE Michael Kerrisk Add MADV_HWPOISON under CAP_SYS_ADMIN signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Make a clearer statement about nonportable aspect of signal(2) Make a clearer statement that signal(2) is less portable for establishing a signal handler. socket.7 Michael Kerrisk Use consistent language to describe read-only socket options udp.7 Michael Kerrisk Add FIONREAD warning. Warn that FIONREAD can't can't distinguish case of a zero-length datagram from the case where no datagrams are available. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.26 ==================== Released: 2010-09-04, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alexander Shishkin Brian Sutin Denis Barbier Guillem Jover Jianhua Li Linus Nilsson Lenaic Huard Mac Martin Schulze Maxin John Michael Kerrisk Nicholas Hunt Peng Haitao Peter Stuge Przemyslaw Szczepaniak Scott Walls TAN Yee Fan Wu Fengguang Yitzchak Gale Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- eventfd.2 Michael Kerrisk Document EFD_SEMAPHORE Document the EFD_SEMAPHORE flag, added in kernel 2.6.30. Also restructured some parts of the text to fit with the addition of the EFD_SEMAPHORE text. Global changes -------------- getaddrinfo.3 getipnodebyname.3 st.4 Michael Kerrisk s/logical OR/bitwise OR/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_nanosleep.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix discussion of return value when interrupted by a signal epoll_ctl.2 Yuri Kozlov Small fix to types in data structures eventfd.2 Alexander Shishkin Clarified close-on-exec behavior madvise.2 Michael Kerrisk Improve discussion of MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE mkdir.2 Michael Kerrisk Add EMLINK error to ERRORS mq_getsetattr.2 mq_close.3 mq_getattr.3 mq_notify.3 mq_send.3 mq_unlink.3 Lnac Huard Fix return type in SYNOPSIS (s/mqd_t/int/) recv.2 send.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove obsolete reference to glibc version in NOTES recv.2 send.2 Nicholas Hunt Adjust type shown for msg_controllen to glibc reality This patch fixes the type of msg_controllen in the struct msghdr definition given in send.2 and recv.2 to match the definition in glibc and the kernel. select.2 Michael Kerrisk Update NOTES on old glibc pselect() Make it clear that modern glibc uses the kernel pselect() on systems where it is available. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14411 statfs.2 Guillem Jover Fix copy & paste error for __SWORD_TYPE definition sysfs.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that this syscall is obsolete. And strengthen recommendation to use /proc/filesystems instead. write.2 Michael Kerrisk Add EDESTADDRREQ error a64l.3 Peng Haitao Fix error in NOTES, s/a64l/l64a/ error.3 Linus Nilsson Change "perror" to "strerror" in DESCRIPTION of error() mq_send.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix EAGAIN description (s/empty/full) initrd.4 Yuri Kozlov Fix IP address in explanation of NFS example tzfile.5 Michael Kerrisk Add information on version 2 format timezone files Updated using information from the tzcode 2010l release at ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub. (It's an open question whether or not a version of tzfile.5 should live independently in man-pages. It was added to the man-pages set many years ago. For now, I'll follow a conservative course that causes least pain to downstream, by continuing to maintain a separate copy in man-pages.) See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=594219 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.27 ==================== Released: 2010-09-22, Nuernberg Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: caishuxian Denis Barbier Denis Silakov der Mouse Jan Kratochvil Jim Belton Jiri Olsa KOSAKI Motohiro Mark Hills Matthew Flaschen Michael Kerrisk Ozgur Gurcan Petr Baudis Remi Denis-Courmont Tanaka Akira Tim Stoakes W. Trevor King Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- sigevent.7 Petr Baudis, Michael Kerrisk New page to centralize description of sigevent structure Several interfaces use this structure. Best to centralize the common details in one place. Content taken from the existing timerfd_create.2 and mq_open.3 pages, with additions by Petr Baudis and Michael Kerrisk. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- ip.7 Jiri Olsa Document IP_NODEFRAG This option is new in Linux 2.6.36 unix.7 Michael Kerrisk Document SIOCINQ ioctl() operation Global changes -------------- _exit.2 brk.2 chdir.2 chmod.2 chown.2 chroot.2 clock_nanosleep.2 getdtablesize.2 gethostname.2 getpagesize.2 getsid.2 killpg.2 mknod.2 mknodat.2 posix_fadvise.2 pread.2 readlink.2 setpgid.2 setreuid.2 sigaltstack.2 stat.2 symlink.2 sync.2 truncate.2 vfork.2 wait.2 wait4.2 a64l.3 abs.3 acos.3 acosh.3 asin.3 asinh.3 atan.3 atan2.3 atanh.3 atoi.3 cbrt.3 ceil.3 clock_getcpuclockid.3 copysign.3 cos.3 cosh.3 dirfd.3 div.3 dprintf.3 ecvt.3 erf.3 erfc.3 exp.3 exp2.3 expm1.3 fabs.3 fdim.3 fexecve.3 ffs.3 floor.3 fma.3 fmax.3 fmemopen.3 fmin.3 fmod.3 fpclassify.3 frexp.3 fwide.3 gamma.3 gcvt.3 getcwd.3 getdate.3 getgrent.3 gethostid.3 getpass.3 getpwent.3 getsubopt.3 getw.3 hypot.3 ilogb.3 insque.3 isalpha.3 isgreater.3 iswblank.3 j0.3 j0.3 ldexp.3 lockf.3 log.3 log10.3 log1p.3 log2.3 logb.3 lrint.3 lround.3 mbsnrtowcs.3 mkdtemp.3 mkstemp.3 mktemp.3 modf.3 mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 nan.3 nextafter.3 posix_fallocate.3 posix_memalign.3 pow.3 printf.3 qecvt.3 random.3 realpath.3 remainder.3 remquo.3 rint.3 rint.3 round.3 scalb.3 scalbln.3 scanf.3 siginterrupt.3 signbit.3 sigset.3 sin.3 sinh.3 sqrt.3 stpcpy.3 stpncpy.3 strdup.3 strdup.3 strnlen.3 strsignal.3 strtod.3 strtol.3 strtoul.3 tan.3 tanh.3 tgamma.3 trunc.3 ttyslot.3 ualarm.3 usleep.3 wcpcpy.3 wcpncpy.3 wcscasecmp.3 wcsdup.3 wcsncasecmp.3 wcsnlen.3 wcsnrtombs.3 wprintf.3 Michael Kerrisk Add/fix/update feature test macro requirements in SYNOPSIS Various changes to: * Update feature test requirements to note changes in recent glibc releases * Correct errors in feature test macro requirements * Add feature test macro requirements to pages where the requirements were not previously stated. accept.2 clone.2 dup.2 fallocate.2 pipe.2 readahead.2 sched_setaffinity.2 unshare.2 CPU_SET.3 endian.3 euidaccess.3 fexecve.3 getpt.3 getpw.3 getumask.3 getutmp.3 gnu_get_libc_version.3 makedev.3 matherr.3 mbsnrtowcs.3 memfrob.3 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_getattr_np.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_tryjoin_np.3 tcgetsid.3 wcscasecmp.3 wcsncasecmp.3 wcsnlen.3 wcsnrtombs.3 wcswidth.3 rtld-audit.7 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Add reference to feature_test_macros(7) These pages specify feature test macros in the function prototypes. Add a reference to feature_test_macros(7), so that readers are pointed to the information that feature test macros must be defined before including *any* header file. clock_nanosleep.2 clock_getcpuclockid.3 getnetent_r.3 getprotoent_r.3 getrpcent_r.3 getservent_r.3 sigwait.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: Note that "positive error numbers" are listed in ERRORS fcntl.2 intro.2 open.2 poll.2 ftw.3 intro.3 matherr.3 system.3 tmpnam.3 unix.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that feature test macros must be defined before *any* includes Programmers often make the mistake of including a feature test macro only after having already included some header files. This patch adds some text at opportune places to remind programmers to do things the right way. index.3 stpcpy.3 strcasecmp.3 strcat.3 strchr.3 strcmp.3 strcoll.3 strcpy.3 strdup.3 strfry.3 strpbrk.3 strsep.3 strspn.3 strstr.3 strtok.3 strxfrm.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add reference to string(3) The idea here is to provide a route to discover other string functions. armscii-8.7 cp1251.7 iso_8859-3.7 iso_8859-5.7 iso_8859-6.7 iso_8859-8.7 iso_8859-10.7 iso_8859-11.7 iso_8859-13.7 iso_8859-14.7 koi8-u.7 Denis Barbier Fix decimal values in encoding tables Octal and hexadecimal values are right, but there are some off-by one errors in decimal values. Correct values are printed by this command: perl -pi -e 'if (s/^([0-7]+)\t([0-9]+)\t([0-9a-fA-F]+)//) {printf "%03o\t%d\t%s", hex($3), hex($3), $3;};' man7/*.7 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- capget.2 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "undef _POSIX_SOURCE" fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements for F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note feature test macro requirements for F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Document units for RLIMIT_RTTIME limit This limit is in microseconds http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=596492 lseek.2 Michael Kerrisk Removed note about return type on ancient systems mount.2 Michael Kerrisk Definitions of various MS_* constants only appeared in glibc 2.12 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11235 stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Update information on nanosecond timestamp fields Update feature test macro requirements for exposing these fields. Note that these fields are specified in POSIX.1-2008. timer_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Factor out generic material that was moved to new sigevent(7) page aio_fsync.3 Michael Kerrisk Add reference to new sigevent(7) page atanh.3 Michael Kerrisk glibc 2.10 fixed pole error bug http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759 was resolved. cerf.3 Michael Kerrisk Make it clearer that this function is unimplemented cos.3 Michael Kerrisk errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780 was (silently) resolved. expm1.3 Michael Kerrisk errno is now correctly set to ERANGE on a range error http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788 was (silently) resolved. fmod.3 Michael Kerrisk errno is now correctly set to EDOM for the x==inf domain error http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6784 was (silently) resolved. insque.3 Michael Kerrisk Noted prev == NULL bug in glibc 2.4 and earlier As noted by Remi Denis-Courmont, glibc nowadays allows 'prev' to be NULL, as required by POSIX for initializing a linear list. But in glibc 2.4 and earlier, 'prev' could not be NULL. Add a BUGS section noting this. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=551201 Michael Kerrisk Added info on circular lists, and initializing circular lists Michael Kerrisk Added example program lgamma.3 Michael Kerrisk glibc 2.10 fixed pole error bug http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777 was (silently) resolved. log2.3 Matthew Flaschen log2() function does not conform to C89 log2(), log2f(), and log2l() do not conform to C89. They are defined in C99. See http://flash-gordon.me.uk/ansi.c.txt and http://www.schweikhardt.net/identifiers.html mq_notify.3 Michael Kerrisk Factor out generic material that was moved to new sigevent(7) page pow.3 Michael Kerrisk errno is now correctly set to ERANGE on a pole error http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776 was (silently) resolved. pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: Note meaning of "_np" suffix rand.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify description of range of returned value Michael Kerrisk Add an example program Michael Kerrisk Expand description of rand_r() random.3 W. Trevor King Update initstate() return value description to match glibc readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that "positive error numbers" are listed in ERRORS rexec.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Add header file and feature test macro requirements sigpause.3 Michael Kerrisk Correct discussion of when BSD vs SysV version is used in glibc sin.3 Michael Kerrisk errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781 was (silently) resolved. tan.3 Michael Kerrisk errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782 was (silently) resolved. wcscasecmp.3 wcsncasecmp.3 wcsnlen.3 Michael Kerrisk Added VERSIONS section boot.7 Yuri Kozlov Update list of major Linux distributions feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Make text on required placement of macros more prominent Move the text that notes the requirement that feature test macros must be defined before including any header files to the top of the page, and highlight the text further, so that the reader will not miss this point. pthreads.7 signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Add SEE ALSO reference to new sigevent(7) page tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Clarify header file details for SIOCINQ and SIOCOUTQ Also note synonymous FIONREAD and TIOCOUTQ. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.28 ==================== Released: 2010-10-04, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andries E. Brouwer Denis Barbier Jan Kara Landijk Lennart Poettering Michael Haardt Michael Kerrisk Petr Baudis Sam Varshavchik Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getaddrinfo_a.3 Petr Baudis New page documenting getaddrinfo_a() The page also documents gai_suspend(), gai_cancel(), and gai_error(). aio.7 Michael Kerrisk New page providing an overview of POSIX asynchronous I/O Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- exec.3 Michael Kerrisk Document execvpe() This function was added to glibc in version 2.11. Also various other small rewrites in the page. New and changed links --------------------- gai_cancel.3 gai_error.3 gai_suspend.3 Petr Baudis New links to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page error_one_per_line.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix misnamed link file (was error_on_per_line.3) execvpe.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to exec.3 sigstack.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to sigaltstack.2 No new programs should use sigstack(3). Point the user to the better sigalstack(2), whose man page briefly mentions sigstack(3). vlimit.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to getrlimit.2 No new programs should use vlimit(3). Point the user to the better setrlimit(2), whose man page briefly mentions vlimit(3). vtimes.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to getrusage.2 No new programs should use vtimes(3). Point the user to the better getrusage(2), whose man page briefly mentions vtimes(3). Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Switch to American usage: "-wards" ==> "-ward" American English uses "afterward" in preference to "afterwards", and so on chdir.2 chmod.2 chown.2 gethostname.2 getsid.2 pread.2 setpgid.2 sigaltstack.2 stat.2 truncate.2 wait.2 dirfd.3 getsubopt.3 mkdtemp.3 mkstemp.3 siginterrupt.3 strdup.3 Michael Kerrisk Simplify feature test macro requirements Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of the ancient vlimit() function getrusage.2 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of the ancient vtimes() function io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add aio(7) sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: note that NULL 'param' yields EINVAL stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note feature test macro requirements for blkcnt_t and blksize_t timer_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Standardize on name 'sevp' for sigevent argument truncate.2 Michael Kerrisk Correct and simplify ftruncate() feature test macro requirements The glibc 2.12 feature test macro requirements for ftruncate() are buggy; see http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12037. Corrected the requirements in the SYNOPSIS, and added a BUGS section describing the problem in glibc 2.12. aio_cancel.3 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to aio(7) for example program Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section aio_error.3 Michael Kerrisk Wording improvements in RETURN VALUE Add pointer to aio(7) for example program Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section aio_fsync.3 Michael Kerrisk Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section aio_read.3 Michael Kerrisk Various minor rewordings and additions Add pointer to sigevent(7) for details of notification of I/O completion Add pointer to aio(7) for example program Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section aio_return.3 Michael Kerrisk Improve description in RETURN VALUE Add pointer to aio(7) for example program Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section aio_suspend.3 Michael Kerrisk Various additions and rewordings. Give some arguments more meaningful names. More explicitly describe the 'nitems' argument. Explicitly note that return is immediate if an I/O operation has already completed. Note that aio_error(3) should be used to scan the aiocb list after a successful return. Add references to other relevant pages. Various other pieces rewritten. Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section aio_write.3 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to sigevent(7) for details of notification of I/O completion Various minor rewordings and additions Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section clearenv.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix error in feature test macro requirements dysize.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty statement about old SCO bug exec.3 Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements for execvpe() Rewrite description of PATH and mention _CS_PATH Note execvp() and execlp() behavior for filename containing a slash getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk Add SEE ALSO reference to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix formatting of feature test macros getw.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macros malloc.3 Landijk Remove editorializing comments on memory overcommitting See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19332 Michael Kerrisk Various minor reorganizations and wording fix-ups mq_notify.3 Michael Kerrisk Standardize on name 'sevp' for sigevent argument nl_langinfo.3 Michael Haardt Make it clear that nl_langinfo() interacts with setlocale() Add an example program posix_openpt.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macro requirements rand.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove duplicate #include in example program strtok.3 Petr Baudis Add reference to strtok() example in getaddrinfo(3) inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk Added section noting limitations and caveats of inotify sigevent.7 Michael Kerrisk Add SEE ALSO reference to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page Add SEE ALSO referring to new aio(7) page suffixes.7 Michael Kerrisk Change explanation of ".rpm" to "RPM software package" ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.29 ==================== Released: 2010-10-19, Detroit Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Balazs Scheidler David Prevot Denis Barbier Guillem Jover Ivana Varekova Lennart Poettering Michael Kerrisk Sam Varshavchik Simon Paillard Stephan Mueller Thomas Jarosch Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- subpage_prot.2 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting the PowerPC-specific subpage_prot(2) aio_init.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting aio_init(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- posix_fadvise.2 Michael Kerrisk Document the architecture-specific arm_fadvise64_64() system call This ARM-specific system call fixes the argument ordering for that architecture. Since Linux 2.6.14. sync_file_range.2 Michael Kerrisk Document the architecture-specific sync_file_range2() system call As described in commit edd5cd4a9424f22b0fa08bef5e299d41befd5622, the sync_file_range() argument order is broken for some architectures (PowerPC, ARM, tile). The remedy was a different system call using the right argument order on those architectures. psignal.3 Guillem Jover Document psiginfo() psiginfo() was added to glibc in version 2.10. Michael Kerrisk Add details, VERSIONS, and BUGS for psiginfo() ip.7 Balazs Scheidler Document IP_RECVORIGDSTADDR Document IP_TRANSPARENT Michael Kerrisk Document IP_FREEBIND Text based on input from Lennart Poettering and Balazs Scheidler. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=20082 New and changed links --------------------- arm_fadvise64_64.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to posix_fadvise.2 arm_sync_file_range.2, sync_file_range2.2 Michael Kerrisk New links to sync_file_range.2 arrm_fadvise.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to posix_fadvise.2 psiginfo.3 Guillem Jover New link to psignal.3 Global changes -------------- Many pages Michael Kerrisk global fix: s/Unix/UNIX/ The man pages were rather inconsistent in the use of "Unix" versus "UNIX". Let's go with the trademark usage. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/pseudo-terminal/pseudoterminal/ grantpt.3, ptsname.3, unlockpt.3, pts.4 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/pty/pseudoterminal/ recv.2, cmsg.3, unix.7 Michael Kerrisk global fix: s/UNIX socket/UNIX domain socket/ fmtmsg.3, gethostbyname.3, termios.3 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/Unixware/UnixWare/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- inotify_rm_watch.2 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: fix type of 'wd' argument posix_fadvise.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite VERSIONS, noting that the system call is fadvise64() syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add the PowerPC-specific subpage_prot() system call Add sync_file_range2() truncate.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macros aio_cancel.3 aio_error.3 aio_fsync.3 aio_read.3 aio_return.3 aio_suspend.3 aio_write.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add lio_listio(3) gai_cancel.3 gai_error.3 gai_suspend.3 Michael Kerrisk Make these into links In the previous release, these files were accidentally made copies of getaddrinfo_a.3, instead of being made as link files. getifaddrs.3 Thomas Jarosch Prevent possible NULL pointer access in example program malloc.3 Michael Kerrisk Emphasize that malloc() and realloc() do not initialize allocated memory malloc_hook.3 Ivana Varekova Warn that these functions are deprecated strcpy.3 Michael Kerrisk Formatting fixes in strncpy() example implementation code ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Reword NOTES on Linux-specific options sigevent.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add aio_read(3), aio_write(3), and lio_listio(3) unix.7 Michael Kerrisk Document the autobind feature Michael Kerrisk Fix description of abstract socket names As reported by Lennart Poettering: The part about "abstract" sockets is misleading as it suggests that the sockaddr returned by getsockname() would necessarily have the size of sizeof(struct sockaddr), which however is not the case: getsockname() returns exactly the sockaddr size that was passed in on bind(). In particular, two sockets that are bound to the same sockaddr but different sizes are completely independent. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19812 Michael Kerrisk Fix description of "pathname" sockets As reported by Lennart Poettering: The part about "pathname" sockets suggests usage of sizeof(sa_family_t) + strlen(sun_path) + 1 for calculating the sockaddr size. Due to alignment/padding this is probably not a good idea. Instead, one should use offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen() + 1 or something like that. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19812 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.30 ==================== Released: 2010-11-01, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Bernhard Walle David Prevot Eric W. Biederman Florian Lehmann Jan Engelhardt Lucian Adrian Grijincu Michael Kerrisk Paul Mackerras Pádraig Brady Reuben Thomas scarlettsp Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- kexec_load.2 Andi Kleen New page documenting kexec_load(2) Michael Kerrisk Add license Michael Kerrisk Incorporate fixes from Eric W. Biederman Eric noted that a few instances of "virtual" should be "physical" and noted: There is an expectation that at hand off from sys_kexec that virtual and physical addresses will be identity mapped. But this isn't the old Alpha booting convention where you have a virtual address and then you have to parse the page table to figure out where your kernel was actually loaded. Michael Kerrisk Additions and edits by mtk Various wording and layout improvements. Fixed the name of a constant: s/KEXEC_ARCH_I386/KEXEC_ARCH_386/. Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections. Added VERSIONS section Note that CONFIG_KEXEC is needed Removed details of using syscall; the reader can find them in syscall(2). Added some details for KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT. Revised the text mentioning the kernel header, since it is not yet exported, and it's not certain that it will be. lio_listio.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting lio_listio(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- reboot.2 Andi Kleen Document LINUX_REBOOT_KEXEC Some fix-ups by Michael Kerrisk Michael Kerrisk Place 'cmd' values in alphabetical order. unshare.2 Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWIPC Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWNET Lucian Adrian Grijincu Improve description of CLONE_NEWNET CLONE_NEWNET creates a new network namespace from scratch. You don't have anything from the old network namespace in the new one. Even the loopback device is new. Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_SYSVSEM Michael Kerrisk Document CLONE_NEWUTS Michael Kerrisk Relocate discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN to CLONE_NEWNS section And rewrite the EPERM description to be more general in preparation for the new flags to be documented. Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Add reference to feature_test_macros(7) Some pages simply list feature test macro requirements in the form: #define #GNU_SOURCE #include For these pages, add a "See feature_test_macros(7)" comment on the "#define" line. Various pages Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Remove redundant reference to feature_test_macros(7) Various pages David Prevot Use greater consistency in NAME line (Remove definite article at start of descriptive clause.) Various pages Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Place entries in correct order Various pages Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Place entries in correct order Various pages Michael Kerrisk Add section number to references to functions documented in other pages Various pages Michael Kerrisk Remove redundant section number in page references Remove section number in function references that are for functions documented on this page. armscii-8.7 iso_8859-3.7 iso_8859-4.7 iso_8859-5.7 iso_8859-6.7 iso_8859-10.7 iso_8859-11.7 iso_8859-13.7 iso_8859-14.7 koi8-u.7 David Prevot Capitalize hexadecimal numbers Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 Michael Kerrisk Note use of faccessat(2) for checking symbolic link permissions Michael Kerrisk Give an example of a safer alternative to using access() clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify when CLONE_NEWNET implementation was completed faccessat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that faccessat() is racy fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: Improve description of F_GETFD and F_GETFL inotify_add_watch.2 Michael Kerrisk Document ENOENT error mlock.2 Michael Kerrisk Improve wording describing /proc/PID/status /VmLck field Michael Kerrisk shmctl() SHM_LOCKed memory is not included in VmLck reboot.2 Michael Kerrisk Place 'cmd' values in alphabetical order subpage_prot.2 Michael Kerrisk Change 1-line page description Michael Kerrisk Improvements after review by Paul Mackerras timer_settime.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove redundant SEE ALSO reference euidaccess.3 Michael Kerrisk Note the use of faccessat(2) to operate on symbolic links Michael Kerrisk Note that the use of euidaccess() is racy fenv.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording relating to glibc version getgrent.3 getgrent_r.3 getgrnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Refer reader for group(5) for more info on group structure getopt.3 Bernhard Walle Use constants in getopt_long() example The description of getopt_long() mentions the constants required_argument, no_argument and optional_argument. Use them in the example to make the code easier to understand. getpw.3 Michael Kerrisk Change comment describing pw_gecos getpw.3 getpwent.3 getpwent_r.3 Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to passwd(5) for more info on the passwd structure getpwent.3 getpwnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that pw_gecos is not in POSIX And change the comment describing this field getpwent_r.3 Michael Kerrisk Change comment describing pw_gecos getpwnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Some rewording and restructuring sched_getcpu.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macro requirements strnlen.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix feature test macro requirements group.5 Michael Kerrisk Various minor rewordings hosts.5 protocols.5 spufs.7 termio.7 David Prevot Remove definite article from NAME section Please find inline another tiny patch in order to shrink the definite article from some other pages (found with "rgrep -i ' \\\- the' man*"). passwd.5 Michael Kerrisk Various minor rewordings proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Add reference to mlock(2) for further info on /proc/PID/status VmLck armscii-8.7 David Prevot Write the character set name as ArmSCII cp1251.7 David Prevot Capitalize hexadecimal numbers ip.7 David Prevot Fix name of socket option: s/IP_TTL/IP_TRANSPARENT/ David Prevot Place socket options in alphabetical order koi8-r.7 David Prevot Fix special character names Comparing to koi8-u.7, I noticed some inconsistencies in special character names. After checking with the following Unicode related pages, please find inline (and gzipped attached, hopefully not messing with encoding), a patch in order to make it right, on an Unicode point of view. http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2500.pdf http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U25A0.pdf http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1D400.pdf David Prevot Fix SEE ALSO reference and letter names The koi8-r(7) (Russian Net Character Set) manual page refers to iso-8859-7(7) manual page, which is the Latin/Greek one. I guess it should refer instead to the iso-8859-5(7) (Latin/Cyrillic) one. This is addressed at the end of the patch. It has also been spotted that letter names are different in this manual page and in the Unicode related page [0], the first part of the page address this. 0: http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0400.pdf man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Update example The old example used the chmod(2) man page, but the feature test macro requirements on that page had changed. Update to use an example from a different page (acct(2), whose feature test macro requirements are probably unlikely to change in the future). ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.31 ==================== Released: 2010-11-12, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen David Prevot Denis Barbier Krzysztof Żelechowski Michael Kerrisk Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Added documentation of prlimit() prlimit() is new in kernel 2.6.36. inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk Document IN_EXCL_UNLINK This flag was added in Linux 2.6.36. See kernel commit 8c1934c8d70b22ca8333b216aec6c7d09fdbd6a6. New and changed links --------------------- prlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to getrlimit.2 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove unneeded text in DESCRIPTION intro.2 Michael Kerrisk Added various pages to SEE ALSO kexec_load.2 Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version where KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT first appeared Added kernel version number where KEXEC_ON_CRASH first appeared Fix copyright Make copyright in the name of Intel corporation VERSIONS: Fix version number kexec_load() was first implemented in 2.6.13, though the entry in the system call table was reserved starting in 2.6.7. migrate_pages.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add reference to Documentation/vm/page_migration sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk Add missing word "real" to "user ID" syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix kernel version number for kexec_load kexec_load() was first implemented in 2.6.13, though the entry in the system call table was reserved starting in 2.6.7. Michael Kerrisk Add prlimit() to list intro.3 Michael Kerrisk Added various pages to SEE ALSO printf.3 Michael Kerrisk Formatting fixes in example code hostname.7 Michael Kerrisk Small improvement to description of domains See: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=651900 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.32 ==================== Released: 2010-12-03, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A. Costa Denis Barbier Emil Mikulic Eugene Kapun Hugh Dickins Ivana Hutarova Varekova Joern Heissler Lars Wirzenius Martin Eberhard Schauer Michael Kerrisk Petr Uzel Roger Pate Török Edwin Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- pthread_sigqueue.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting ptrhead_sigqueue() pthread_sigqueue() is new in glibc 2.11 (requires a kernel with rt_tgsigqueinfo(), added in Linux 2.6.31). Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- readv.2 Michael Kerrisk Add documentation of preadv() and pwritev() The preadv() and pwritev() system calls were added in Linux 2.6.30. New and changed links --------------------- preadv.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to readv.2 pwritev.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to readv.2 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- chdir.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove redundant and incorrect info on FTMs from NOTES chown.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 clock_nanosleep.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that clock_nanosleep() suspends the calling *thread* epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'size' argument must be greater than 0 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23872 Michael Kerrisk Added VERSIONS section epoll_ctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Added VERSIONS section epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk Updated VERSIONS section fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Add notes on fcntl64() fstatat.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES on fstatat64(), the name of the underlying system call getdents.2 Michael Kerrisk Added notes on getdents64() getgid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 getgroups.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 getpagesize.2 Michael Kerrisk Improve description of getpagesize() Improve description of getpagesize() and relocate discussion of sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE). In part inspired by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=537272 getresuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk Add example program for prlimit() getuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 open.2 Ivana Hutarova Varekova O_EXCL can be used without O_CREAT for block devices Since Linux 2.6 there is a possibility to use O_EXCL without O_CREAT. See patch: http://lkml.org/lkml/2003/8/10/221. pread.2 Michael Kerrisk Add notes on pread64() and pwrite64() See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23072 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add readv(3) readv.2 Michael Kerrisk Wording fix: readv() and writev() are system calls, not functions sendfile.2 Michael Kerrisk Add notes on sendfile64() setfsgid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 setfsuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 setgid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 setresuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 setreuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 setuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4 sigqueue.2 pthreads.7 signal.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add pthread_sigqueue(3) stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Fix EOVERFLOW error description 2<<31 should read 1<<31 (which equals 2^31). statfs.2 Michael Kerrisk Add notes on statfs64() and fstatfs64() swapon.2 Hugh Dickins Document SWAP_FLAG_DISCARD and discarding of swap pages truncate.2 Michael Kerrisk Add notes on truncate64() and ftruncate64() memcpy.3 Michael Kerrisk Change "should not overlap" to "must not overlap" glibc 2.12 changed things so that applications that use memcpy() on overlapping regions will encounter problems. (The standards have long said that the behavious is undefined if the memory areas overlap.) See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=603144 In reference of http://lwn.net/Articles/414467/ and http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lib.glibc.alpha/15278 usleep.3 Petr Uzel usleep() suspends calling thread, not process core.5 Michael Kerrisk Change single quote to double quote in shell session example The example section has a sample shell session containing: echo '|$PWD/core_pattern_pipe_test %p UID=%u GID=%g sig=%s' But $PWD won't be expanded in single quotes. It should be double quotes around the entire argument or some other form. pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Added description of async-cancel-safe functions unix.7 Michael Kerrisk Reworded the text of various errors Michael Kerrisk Added ENOENT error ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.33 ==================== Released: 2011-09-16, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akira Fujita Alexander Schuch Andries Brouwer Brian M. Carlson Dan Jacobson Folkert van Heusden Graham Gower Hendrik Jan Thomassen Jan Engelhardt Joey Adams Johannes Laire Jon Grant Josh Triplett Konstantin Ritt Luis Javier Merino Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Mikel Ward Nick Black Paul Evans Petr Pisar Przemyslaw Pawelczyk Regid Ichira Reuben Thomas Richard B. Kreckel Ryan Mullen Sebastian Geiger Sebastian Unger Seonghun Lim Serge E. Hallyn Simon Cross Simon Paillard Stan Sieler Timmy Lee Tolga Dalman Tomislav Jonjic Yuri Kozlov Wei Luosheng Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- sync.2 Michael Kerrisk Added new syncfs() system call syncfs() was added in Linux 2.6.39. New and changed links --------------------- syncfs.2 Michael Kerrisk New link for sync(2). Global changes -------------- Various pages Simon Paillard Global fix: properly escape minus sign Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that CLONE_STOPPED was removed in 2.6.38 execve.2 Michael Kerrisk [Sebastian Geiger] Note that the first argv[] value should contain name of executable fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas] Note that F_GETFL also retrieves file access mode getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk [Ryan Mullen] Remove mention of kernel versions in discussion of RLIMIT_CPU Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim] Fix example program and add _FILE_OFFSET_BITS requirement mlock.2 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson] Clarify EINVAL error See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?625747 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim] Simplify and correct text for EPERM error mprotect.2 Seonghun Lim Fix off-by-one error in a memory range Seonghun Lim Fix small bug in example program The description of the example program says that it makes the third page "read-only". Thus use PROT_READ instead of PROT_NONE. open.2 Folkert van Heusden Remove text describing O_CLOEXEC as Linux-specific O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008, as noted elsewhere in the page. readlink.2 Michael Kerrisk [Dan Jacobson] SEE ALSO: Add readlink(1) sendfile.2 Akira Fujita Since 2.6.33, 'out_fd' can refer to any file type Linux kernel commit cc56f7de7f00d188c7c4da1e9861581853b9e92f meant sendfile(2) can work with any output file. Michael Kerrisk Shift text on falling back to read()/write() to NOTES Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman] Remove mention of kernel version for 'in_fd' argument Tolga Dalman Add an explicit reference to splice(2) Unlike sendfile(), splice() can transfer data between a pair of sockets. sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman] Add a little info about ucontext_t stat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Small rewording of ENAMETOOLONG error sync.2 Michael Kerrisk Some rewrites to description of sync() syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Added fanotify_init() and fanotify_mark() to syscall list Michael Kerrisk Added new 2.6.39 system calls Michael Kerrisk Updated for Linux 3.0 system calls Michael Kerrisk Update kernel version at head of syscall list Michael Kerrisk Update to mention 3.x kernel series syslog.2 Michael Kerrisk [Serge E. Hallyn] Update for kernel 2.6.37 changes Document /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict. Document CAP_SYSLOG. time.2 Michael Kerrisk [Alexander Schuch] NOTES: Fix description of "Seconds since the Epoch" timerfd_create.2 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett] Note behavior when timerdfd_settime() old_value is NULL See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?641513 Tomislav Jonjic Fix small error in description of timerfd_settime() truncate.2 Seonghun Lim Remove redundant EINTR description unlink.2 Hendrik Jan Thomassen Improve EBUSY description cacos.3 cacosh.3 catan.3 catanh.3 Michael Kerrisk [Richard B. Kreckel, Andries Brouwer] Fix formula describing function The man pages for cacos(), cacosh(), catan(), catanh() contain incorrect formulae describing the functions. cacos.3 Michael Kerrisk Add example program cacosh.3 Michael Kerrisk Add example program cacosh.3 casinh.3 catan.3 catanh.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add reference to inverse function catan.3 Michael Kerrisk Add example program catanh.3 Michael Kerrisk Add example program ccos.3 ccosh.3 csin.3 csinh.3 ctan.3 ctanh.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO Add reference to "arc" inverse function cexp.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add cexp(3) clog.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add reference to clog(2) crypt.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt] Fix header file and feature test macro requirements for crypt_r() err.3 Seonghun Lim Clean up description of error message source In the second paragraph of DESCRIPTION section, one of the sources of error messages is incorrect: the four functions obtain error message only from errno, and "a code" is just relevant with errc() and warnc(), which are not present on Linux. see http://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/3/ERR/ . Then, the third paragraph becomes a duplicate. fflush.3 Regid Ichira Fix wording error See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?614021 hsearch.3 Seonghun Lim Update ERRORS section EINVAL can occur for hdestroy_r(). EINVAL can't occur for hcreate(). Other minor fixes. lockf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mikel Ward] ERRORS: EBADF can also occur for nonwritable file descriptor As noted in the DESCRIPTION, the file descriptor must be writable in order to place a lock. malloc.3 Seonghun Lim Reorder prototypes in SYNOPSIS calloc() comes before realloc() in the other sections, so should do in SYNOPSIS, too. mbstowcs.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add reference to wcstombs(3) memcmp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Sebastian Unger] Clarify that comparison interprets bytes as "unsigned char" realpath.3 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim] Fix EINVAL error Since glibc 2.3, resolved_path can be non-NULL (with the semantics already documented in the page). scandir(3) Mike Frysinger Add ENOENT/ENOTDIR errors siginterrupt.3 Michael Kerrisk [Luis Javier Merino] Remove misleading sentence about signal(2) and system call interruption strlen.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] SEE ALSO: Add strnlen(3) strnlen.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] CONFORMING TO: Note that strnlen() is in POSIX.1-2008 strtoul.3 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman] Fix NOTES section constants termios.3 Michael Kerrisk Use "terminal special characters" consistently throughout page Michael Kerrisk [Paul Evans] Add documentation of _POSIX_VDISABLE See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=627841 Michael Kerrisk Add a description of STATUS character Michael Kerrisk Added description of SWTCH character Michael Kerrisk Add names of terminal special characters Michael Kerrisk List terminal special characters in alphabetical order wcstombs.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add mbstowcs(3) console_codes.4 Petr Pisar Add ESC [ 3 J Linux 3.0 (commit f8df13e0a901fe55631fed66562369b4dba40f8b) implements \E[3J to allow scrambling content of console including scroll-back buffer (http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1125792). proc.5 Michael Kerrisk [Stan Sieler] Add description of 'PPid' field of /proc/PID/status Michael Kerrisk [Stan Sieler] Add description of 'SigQ' field of /proc/PID/status capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk [Serge E. Hallyn] Document CAP_SYSLOG and related changes in Linux 2.6.37 Michael Kerrisk File capabilities are no longer optional Starting with Linux 2.6.33, the CONFIG_SECURITY_FILE_CAPABILITIES has been removed, and file capabilities are always part of the kernel. complex.7 Michael Kerrisk Updated SEE ALSO list to include all complex math functions ipv6.7 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Cross] Fix description of address notation: "8 4-digit hexadecimal numbers" signal.7 Seonghun Lim Remove crufty repeated info about LinuxThreads unix.7 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to cmsg(3) for an example of the use of SCM_RIGHTS ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.34 ==================== Released: 2011-09-23, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alan Curry Benjamin Poirier Brian M. Carlson David Howells David Prévot Denis Barbier Doug Goldstein Eric Blake Guillem Jover Jon Grant Michael Kerrisk Neil Horman Paul Pluzhnikov Reuben Thomas Stefan Puiu Stephan Mueller Stephen Cameron Sunil Mushran Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- rt_sigqueueinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk [Stephan Mueller] New page for rt_sigqueueinfo(2) and rt_tgsigqueueinfo(2) This replaces the previous '.so' man page link file for rt_sigqueueinfo.2, which linked to this sigqueue() man page. cciss.4 Stephen M. Cameron New man page for cciss driver I obtained the information in this man page as a consequence of having worked on the cciss driver for the past several years, and having written considerable portions of it. Michael Kerrisk Copyedit by mtk hpsa.4 Stephen M. Cameron New man page for the hpsa driver I obtained the information in this man page as a consequence of being the main author of the hpsa driver. Michael Kerrisk Copyedits my mtk Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fstatat.2 Michael Kerrisk [David Howells] Document AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT This flag was added in Linux 2.6.38. lseek.2 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake, Sunil Mushran] Document SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA These flags, designed for discovering holes in a file, were added in Linux 3.1. Included comments from Eric Blake and Sunil Mushran. madvise.2 Doug Goldstein Add MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE Document the MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE flags added to madvise() in Linux 2.6.38. New and changed links --------------------- rt_tgsigqueueinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to new rt_sigqueueinfo.2 page sigqueue.2 Michael Kerrisk Create link to page that was relocated to section 3 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Change reference to "sigqueue(2)" to "sigqueue(3)" Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EPERM and ESPIPE errors lseek.2 Michael Kerrisk [Alan Curry, Reuben Thomas] Remove suspect note about 'whence' being incorrect English prctl.2 Paul Pluzhnikov PR_SET_DUMPABLE makes process non-ptrace-attachable readlink.2 Guillem Jover Document using st_size to allocate the buffer Michael Kerrisk Added copyright text + changelog note for Guillem Jover's patch sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk Document 2.6.39 changes to rules governing changes from SCHED_IDLE policy Since Linux 2.6.39, unprivileged processes under the SCHED_IDLE policy can switch to another nonrealtime policy if their nice value falls within the range permitted by their RLIMIT_NICE limit. tkill.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add rt_sigqueueinfo (2) btowc.3, wctob.3 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson] Add pointers to better, thread-safe alternative functions See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=606899 fwide.3 Michael Kerrisk Add _ISOC95_SOURCE to feature test macro requirements Since glibc 2.12, _ISOC95_SOURCE can also be used to expose prototype of this function. index.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Fix text mentioning terminating null pthread_sigqueue.3 Michael Kerrisk Replace explicit mention of rt_tgsigqueueinfo() with SEE ALSO reference sigqueue.3 Michael Kerrisk Move this page to section 3 Now that the underlying system call rt_sigqueueinfo(2) is properly documented, move sigqueue() to Section 3, since it is really a library function. Michael Kerrisk Update text in line with existence of new rt_sigqueueinfo.2 page wcsnlen.3 Jon Grant Improve description of 'maxlen' argument It's worth clarifying 'maxlen' is in wide-char units, not bytes. wprintf.3 Michael Kerrisk Add _ISOC95_SOURCE to feature test macro requirements Since glibc 2.12, _ISOC95_SOURCE can also be used to expose prototype of these functions. feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Document _ISOC95_SOURCE _ISOC95_SOURCE was added in glibc 2.12 as a means to expose C90 Amendment 1 definitions. ip.7 Benjamin Poirier [Neil Horman] Improve description of IP_MTU_DISCOVER signal.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add rt_sigqueueinfo(2) ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.35 ==================== Released: 2011-10-04, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen David Prévot Denis Barbier Eric W. Biederman Guillem Jover Jon Grant Kevin Lyda Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Reuben Thomas Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- recvmmsg.2 Andi Kleen, Michael Kerrisk New man page for recvmmsg(2) setns.2 Eric W. Biederman New manual page for setns(2) Michael Kerrisk Various improvements Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: remove spaces around em-dash Normal English typographical convention is not to have spaces around em dashes. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/null pointer/NULL pointer/ Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: use ORing Use "ORing", not "OR'ing", nor an italic ".IR OR ing". Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: consistent use of "null wide character" Bring more consistency to the discussion of "[terminating] null wide character" by writing (at least in the initial use in a page) "[terminating] null wide character (L'\0')". Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: consistent use of "null byte" Bring more consistency to the discussion of "[terminating] null byte" by writing (at least in the initial use in a page) "[terminating] null byte ('\0')". mount.2, prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk s/task/thread/ for consistency with other pages Changes to individual pages --------------------------- lseek.2 Guillem Jover CONFORMING TO: Note other systems that have SEEK_HOLE+SEEK_DATA recv.2 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of recvmmsg(2) recvmmsg.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sendmmsg(2) send.2 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 adds MSG_NOSIGNAL sigwaitinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that attempts to wait for SIGKILL and SIGSTOP are silently ignored stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 requirements for lstat() Michael Kerrisk Regarding automounter action, add a reference to fstatat(2) Michael Kerrisk Clean up text describing which POSIX describes S_IF* constants aio_cancel.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Clarify meaning of "return status" and "error status" gets.3 Michael Kerrisk POSIX.1-2008 marks gets() obsolescent The page formerly erroneously stated that POSIX.1-2008 removed the specification of this function. mbsnrtowcs.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008 This function is specified in the POSIX.1-2008 revision. regex.3 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas] Change "terminating null" to "terminating null byte" stpcpy.3 stpncpy.3 Mike Frysinger Note that these functions are in POSIX.1-2008 Update the "CONFORMING TO" sections of these functions to note that they are now part of the POSIX.1-2008 standard. stpncpy.3 Michael Kerrisk Change "terminating null" to "terminating null byte" strcpy.3 Mike Frysinger SEE ALSO: Add stpncpy(3) strdup.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: strndup() is in POSIX.1-2008 wcpcpy.3 wcpncpy.3 wcsnlen.3 wcsnrtombs.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008 These functions are specified in the POSIX.1-2008 revision. proc.5 Eric W. Biederman Document /proc/[pid]/ns/ Michael Kerrisk Some edit's to Eric Biederman's /proc/[pid]/ns/ additions capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk List setns(2) as an operation allowed by CAP_SYS_ADMIN ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.36 ==================== Released: 2012-02-27, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alain Benedetti carado Christoph Hellwig Clemens Ladisch David Prévot Elie De Brauwer Guillem Jover Jessica McKellar Josef Bacik Junjiro Okajima Lucian Adrian Grijincu Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Pat Pannuto Salvo Tomaselli Simone Piccardi Slaven Rezic starlight Stephan Mueller Vijay Rao Walter Haidinger Walter Harms Yang Yang Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- sendmmsg.2 Michael Kerrisk [Stephan Mueller] New page for sendmmsg(2) Some pieces inspired by an initial attempt by Stephan Mueller. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fallocate.2 Lucian Adrian Grijincu Document FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE was added in Linux 2.6.38, for punching holes in the allocated space in a file. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- dup.2 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Add "#include " for O_* constants fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk Substantial restructuring of DESCRIPTION The addition of a second class of operation ("hole punching") to the man page made it clear that some significant restructuring is required. So I substantially reworked the page, including the preexisting material on the default "file allocation" operation. Michael Kerrisk [Josef Bacik] Add further details for FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EPERM error case for FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE fork.2 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Describe clone() call equivalent to fork() fsync.2 Christoph Hellwig Various improvements - explain the situation with disk caches better - remove the duplicate fdatasync() explanation in the NOTES section - remove an incorrect note about fsync() generally requiring two writes - remove an obsolete ext2 example note - fsync() works on any file descriptor (doesn't need to be writable); correct the EBADF error code explanation Michael Kerrisk [Guillem Jover] Note that some systems require a writable file descriptor An edited version of Guillem Jover's comments: [While the file descriptor does not need to be writable on Linux] that's not a safe portable assumption to make on POSIX in general as that behavior is not specified and as such is implementation-specific. Some Unix systems do actually fail on read-only file descriptors, for example [HP-UX and AIX]. mount.2 Michael Kerrisk [Junjiro Okajima] Removed erroneous statement about MS_RDONLY and bind mounts open.2 Jessica McKellar Fix grammar in O_DIRECT description Some small grammar fixes to the O_DIRECT description. pipe.2 Michael Kerrisk [Salvo Tomaselli] SYNOPSIS: Add "#include " for O_* constants See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=659750 sched_rr_get_interval.2 Clemens Ladisch Update notes on modifying quantum Since Linux 2.6.24, it is no longer possible to modify the SCHED_RR quantum using setpriority(2). (Slight edits to Clemens' patch by mtk.) Michael Kerrisk Reordered various pieces of text Michael Kerrisk Reworded text of ESRCH error send.2 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of sendmmsg(2) sync.2 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] PROTOTYPE: Fix return type of syncfs() vfork.2 Michael Kerrisk [starlight] Clarify what is duplicated in the child Add some words to make it clear to the reader that vfork(), like fork(), creates duplicates of process attributes in the child. Michael Kerrisk Note clone() flags equivalent to vfork() Michael Kerrisk [starlight, Mike Frysinger] Add some notes on reasons why vfork() still exists Michael Kerrisk [starlight] Clarify that calling *thread* is suspended during vfork() Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: Note that POSIX.1-2001 marked vfork() obsolete gets.3 Michael Kerrisk Document C11 and glibc 2.16 changes affecting gets() pthread_sigmask.3 Michael Kerrisk [Pat Pannuto] Fix comment that was inconsistent with code in example program sem_wait.3 Walter Harms EXAMPLE: Remove extraneous line of output from shell session wcsnrtombs.3 wcsrtombs.3 wcstombs.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix-ups for e9c23bc636426366d659809bc99cd84661e86464 core.5 Michael Kerrisk [Junjiro Okajima] Document %E specifier for core_pattern passwd.5 Michael Kerrisk [Walter Haidinger] s/asterisk/asterisk (*)/ to improve clarity Michael Kerrisk Correct note on passwd field value when shadowing is enabled When password shadowing is enabled, the password field contains an 'x' (not "*'). proc.5 Elie De Brauwer Fix description of fourth field of /proc/loadavg SIgned-off-by: Elie De Brauwer resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk [Slaven Rezic] Describe syntax used for comments See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=656994 feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Document _ISOC11_SOURCE inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk [Yang Yang] Note that 'cookie' field is set to zero when unused man.7 Michael Kerrisk Various fixes for description of NAME section As noted by reporter: * The code sample given for the NAME section is incomplete because the actual content sample is not given. * Additionally, the description assumes that the item described is a command, which need not be the case. * The command makewhatis is not present on my system; the documented tool to create the whatis database is called mandb. * The description on .SH NAME in man(7) should either copy the relevant paragraph of lexgrog(1) or refer to it. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.37 ==================== Released: 2012-03-06, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Denys Vlasenko Mark R. Bannister Michael Kerrisk Oleg Nesterov Tejun Heo Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getent.1 Mark R. Bannister New page to document 'getent' binary provided by glibc Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bdflush.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that bdflush() is deprecated, and does nothing nfsservctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that this system call was removed in Linux 3.1 ptrace.2 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Tejun Heo] add extended description of various ptrace quirks Changes include: s/parent/tracer/g, s/child/tracee/g - ptrace interface now is sufficiently cleaned up to not treat tracing process as parent. Deleted several outright false statements: - pid 1 can be traced - tracer is not shown as parent in ps output - PTRACE_ATTACH is not "the same behavior as if tracee had done a PTRACE_TRACEME": PTRACE_ATTACH delivers a SIGSTOP. - SIGSTOP _can_ be injected. - Removed mentions of SunOS and Solaris as irrelevant. - Added a few more known bugs. Added a large block of text in DESCRIPTION which doesn't focus on mechanical description of each flag and operation, but rather tries to describe a bigger picture. The targeted audience is a person which is reasonably knowledgeable in Unix but did not spend years working with ptrace, and thus may be unaware of its quirks. This text went through several iterations of review by Oleg Nesterov and Tejun Heo. This block of text intentionally uses as little markup as possible, otherwise future modifications to it will be very hard to make. Michael Kerrisk Global clean-up of page * Wording and formatting fixes to existing text and Denys Vlasenko's new text. * Various technical amendments and improvements to Denys Vlasenko's new text. * Added FIXME for various problems with the current text. Michael Kerrisk Integrated changes after further review from Denys Vlasenko syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that nfsservctl(2) was removed in Linux 3.1 Note that bdflush(2) is deprecated capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Add CAP_WAKE_ALARM Michael Kerrisk Add various operations under CAP_SYS_ADMIN Add perf_event_open(2) to CAP_SYS_ADMIN Add VM86_REQUEST_IRQ vm86(2) command to CAP_SYS_ADMIN Update CAP_NET_ADMIN with notes from include/linux/capability.h Add nfsservctl(2) to CAP_SYS_ADMIN Michael Kerrisk Add ioctl(FIBMAP) under CAP_SYS_RAWIO Michael Kerrisk Add virtual terminal ioctl()s under CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG Michael Kerrisk Update CAP_NET_RAW with notes from include/linux/capability.h Michael Kerrisk Add F_SETPIPE_SZ case to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE Add POSIX messages queues queues_max case to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE Update CAP_SYS_RESOURCE with notes from include/linux/capability.h Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add libcap(3) ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk Add --audit command-line option ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.38 ==================== Released: 2012-03-25, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Artyom Pervukhin Beňas Petr Ben Bacarisse Bjarni Ingi Gislason David Prévot Denis Barbier Denys Vlasenko Eric Blake Iain Fraser Justin T Pryzby Kirill Brilliantov Mark R Bannister Matthew Gregan Michael Kerrisk Nix Peter Schiffer Sergei Zhirikov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- get_nprocs_conf.3 Beňas Petr New page documenting get_nprocs_conf(3) and get_nprocs(3) Michael Kerrisk Some additions and improvements malloc_get_state.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting malloc_get_state(3) and malloc_set_state(3) mallopt.3 Michael Kerrisk New man page for mallopt(3) mtrace.3 Michael Kerrisk Complete rewrite of page, adding much more detail scandirat.3 Mark R Bannister New page for scandirat(3) (new in glibc 2.15) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- posix_memalign.3 Michael Kerrisk Document aligned_alloc(3) aligned_alloc() is new in C11. Michael Kerrisk Document pvalloc(3) qsort.3 Mark R Bannister Add documentation of qsort_r(3) Ben Bacarisse Improvements to Mark R Bannister's qsort_r() patch Michael Kerrisk Add VERSIONS section for qsort_r() New and changed links --------------------- aligned_alloc.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to posix_memalign.3 get_nprocs.3 Beňas Petr Link to new get_nprocs_conf.3 page malloc_set_state.3 Michael Kerrisk Link to new malloc_get_state.3 page pvalloc.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to posix_memalign.3 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global formatting fix: balance .nf/.fi pairs Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: place sections in correct order Various pages Michael Kerrisk [Justin T Pryzby] Global fix: Remove duplicated words Remove instances of duplicate words found using Justin's grep-fu: for f in man?/*.[1-9]; do grep -HE ' ([[:alpha:]]{2,} +)\1' "$f" | grep -Evw '(proc|hugetlbfs|XXX*|root|long) *\1'; done | grep -E --colo ' ([[:alpha:]]{2,} +)\1' Various pages Michael Kerrisk Correct order of SEE ALSO entries Changes to individual pages --------------------------- futimesat.2 Michael Kerrisk PROTOTYPE: Correct header file and feature test macro requirements keyctl.2 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Strip trailing tabs from source line See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=664688 ptrace.2 Denys Vlasenko Document PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG for PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC Denys Vlasenko Various fixes to recent updates of this page symlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake] PROTOTYPE: Correct header file syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove unimplemented system calls from main syscall list The unimplemented system calls are in any case noted lower down in the page. Also: rearrange the text describing the unimplemented system calls. Michael Kerrisk Note a few system calls that were removed in Linux 2.6 Michael Kerrisk Add process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2) unlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake] PROTOTYPE: Correct header file Michael Kerrisk PROTOTYPE: Add for AT_* constants utimensat.2 Michael Kerrisk PROTOTYPE: Add for AT_* constants copysign.3 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman] DESCRIPTION: Add a couple of examples malloc.3 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add a short discussion of arenas Michael Kerrisk Replace discussion of MALLOC_CHECK_ with pointer to mallopt(3) Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add mtrace(3) SEE ALSO: add malloc_get_state(3) posix_memalign.3 Michael Kerrisk Rename memalign() argument Rename "boundary" to "alignment" for consistency with posix_memalign(). Michael Kerrisk Improve discussion of feature test macros and header files for valloc(3) rtnetlink.3 Kirill Brilliantov [Sergei Zhirikov] Fix example code, rta_len assignment should use RTA_LENGTH() See also http://bugs.debian.org/655088 scandir.3 Mark R Bannister SEE ALSO: Add scandirat(3) sigqueue.3 Nix Remove rt_sigqueueinfo from TH line rt_sigqueueinfo() now has its own manual page, so should not be listed in the .TH line of this page. tzset.3 Peter Schiffer Correct description for Julian 'n' date format The Julian 'n' date format counts starting from 0, not 1. Michael Kerrisk Add some clarifying remarks to discussion of Julian day formats packet.7 Michael Kerrisk [Iain Fraser] Fix comment on 'sll_hatype' field tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk [Artyom Pervukhin] Correct RFC for TIME_WAIT assassination hazards ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.39 ==================== Released: 2012-04-17, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Abhijith Das Alexander Kruppa Andreas Jaeger Armin Rigo Cyrill Gorcunov Denys Vlasenko Eric Blake Felix Jak Jeff Mahoney Jesus Otero Jonathan Nieder Kevin O'Gorman Mark R Bannister Michael Kerrisk Michael Welsh Duggan Mike Frysinger Petr Gajdos Regid Ichira Reuben Thomas Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez Simone Piccardi Tetsuo Handa Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- malloc_trim.3 Michael Kerrisk New man page for malloc_trim(3) malloc_usable_size.3 Michael Kerrisk New man page for malloc_usable_size(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- prctl.2 Cyrill Gorcunov Document PR_SET_MM (new in Linux 3.3) Michael Kerrisk Various edits and improvements to Cyrill's patch Changes to individual pages --------------------------- epoll_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Rework discussion of 'size' argument Michael Kerrisk Add .SS for description of epoll_create1() epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk [Armin Rigo] Another thread can add to epoll instance while epoll_wait is blocked See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43072 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that epoll_pwait() blocks calling *thread* A few wording improvements fchmodat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Note difference between glibc wrapper and underlying system call The wrapper function has a 'flags' argument (which currently serves no purpose), while the underlying system call does not. fcntl.2 Abhijith Das Explain behaviour of F_GETLEASE during lease break Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake] Change type of arg from "long" to "int" Various fcntl(2) commands require an integral 'arg'. The man page said it must be "long" in all such cases. However, for the cases covered by POSIX, there is an explicit requirement that these arguments be "int". Update the man page to reflect. Probably, all of the other "long" cases (not specified in POSIX) should be "int", and this patch makes them so. Based on a note fromEric Blake, relating to F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC. gettimeofday.2 Michael Kerrisk Reorganize content The main change is to move the historical information about the 'tz_dsttime' to NOTES. Michael Kerrisk [Felix] Note that compiler issues warnings if 'tv' is NULL mmap.2 Michael Kerrisk [Kevin O'Gorman] Clarify that this system call should not be invoked directly See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42892 Michael Kerrisk Clarify NOTES discussion of mmap() versus mmap2() poll.2 Michael Kerrisk [Michael Welsh Duggan] Document negative value in 'fd' field Michael Kerrisk Document semantics of passing zero in 'events' field ptrace.2 Denys Vlasenko Various fixes For some reason, the PTRACE_TRACEME paragraph talks about some general aspects of ptraced process behavior. It repeats the "tracee stops on every signal" information even though that was already explained just a few paragraphs before. Then it describes legacy SIGTRAP on execve(). This patch deletes the first part, and moves the second part up, into the general ptrace description. It also adds "If PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC option is not in effect" to the description of the legacy SIGTRAP on execve(). The patch also amends the part which says "For requests other than PTRACE_KILL, the tracee must be stopped." - PTRACE_ATTACH also doesn't require that. sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Jaeger, ] Clarify that the use of SI_SIGIO is for Linux 2.2 only See also http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6745 sigprocmask.2 Mike Frysinger ERRORS: add EFAULT times.2 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] ERRORS: Add EFAULT div.3 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas] CONFORMING TO: Add C99 fread.3 Regid Ichira Clarify further that return value is number of items, not bytes See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=665780 getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jak] Correct type of ai_addrlen field malloc.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add malloc_usable_size(3) SEE ALSO: Add malloc_trim(3) mallopt.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix text describing M_PERTURB and free() SEE ALSO: Add malloc_trim(3) memchr.3 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas] Remove mention of terminating null in description of rawmemchr() perror.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jesus Otero] Note that use of 'sys_errlist' is deprecated rcmd.3 Michael Kerrisk glibc eventually added a declaration of iruserok() in version 2.12 sysconf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez] Add mention of _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX nologin.5 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa] nologin must not only exist, but *be readable* to be effective nsswitch.conf.5 Mark R Bannister Significant rewrites and improvements This patch applies to nsswitch.conf.5 in man-pages-3.36. My changes almost completely rewrite large sections of the man page. They are needed to add clarity, correct grammar, reduce confusion, and bring up-to-date with the latest glibc. I have checked the man page against the nss source code in glibc 2.14.90. Historical notes are demoted to the footer. The rewrite makes the man page much clearer to understand, more authoratitive, and easier to read. Michael Kerrisk Light edits to Mark Bannister's changes capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Add prctl(PR_SET_MM) to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE epoll.7 Michael Kerrisk Some minor clarifications at start of DESCRIPTION netlink.7 Jeff Mahoney [Petr Gajdos] Note cases where nonprivileged users can use netlink multicast groups See also https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754611 unix.7 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa] Add a detail on autobind feature ld.so.8 Jonathan Nieder [Reuben Thomas] Document effect of hwcaps on search path Wording by Aurelien Jarno from Debian glibc's r4701 (2011-06-04). Addresses http://bugs.debian.org/622385 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.40 ==================== Released: 2012-04-27, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alexey Toptygin Bernhard Walle Brian F. G. Bidulock Brian M. Carlson Christopher Yeoh Daniel J Blueman Eric Blake Eugen Dedu James Hunt John Sullivan Jon Grant lepton Marcel Holtmann Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Petr Baudis Simon Paillard Stefan Puiu Ulrich Drepper Vadim Mikhailov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- process_vm_readv.2 Mike Frysinger, Christopher Yeoh, Michael Kerrisk New page for process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2) mcheck.3 Michael Kerrisk New man page for mcheck(3) and related functions Also describes mcheck_check_all(3), mcheck_pedantic(3), and mprobe(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- rcmd.3 Michael Kerrisk Document "_af" variants of these functions Document rcmd_af(), rresvport_af(), iruserok_af(), ruserok_af(). Also some restructuring and other clarifications. rexec.3 Michael Kerrisk Document rexec_af() New and changed links --------------------- iruserok_af.3 rcmd_af.3 rresvport_af.3 ruserok_af.3 Michael Kerrisk New links to rcmd.3 rexec_af.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to rexec.3 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_getres.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify difference between CLOCK_MONOTONIC and CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW Note interactions of these two clocks with discontinuous adjustments to the system time and NTP/adjtime(2). fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk [John Sullivan] Fix description of ENOSYS and EOPNOTSUP errors As reported in https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=680214 fchmodat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Improve discussion of difference between wrapper and underlying syscall gettimeofday.2 Michael Kerrisk gettimeofday() is affected by discontinuous jumps in the system time Advise reader to use clock_gettime(2), if they need a monotonically increasing time source. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add clock_gettime(2) prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Add PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_DISABLE and PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_ENABLE Add some basic documentation of these operations, with a pointer to tools/perf/design.txt for more information. Michael Kerrisk [Marcel Holtmann] Amend details of PR_SET_PDEATHSIG ptrace.2 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Note SPARC deviation with respect to get/set regs SPARC reverses the use of 'addr' and 'data' for PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS, PTRACE_SETREGS, and PTRACE_SETFPREGS. send.2 Stefan Puiu Document EACCES error case for UDP sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of raise(3) for SI_USER For a long time now, glibc's raise(3) didn't yield SI_USER for the signal receiver, so remove mention of raise(3) here. The user can deduce the details, if needed, by looking at the recently updated raise(3) page. aio_cancel.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Rewrite RETURN VALUE section to be clearer aio_init.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Remove extraneous "POSIX" from NAME section btree.3 dbopen.3 hash.3 mpool.3 recno.3 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson] Note that glibc no longer provides these interfaces glibc stopped providing these interfaces with v2.2. Nowadays, the user that finds these pages probably wants the libdb API, so note this in the page. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=337581 fopen.3 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: Note limitation on number of flag characters parsed in 'mode' Michael Kerrisk Note that 'c' and 'e' flags are ignored for fdopen() Determined from reading libio/iofdopen.c. Michael Kerrisk Document ",ccs=string" feature of 'mode' for fopen()/freopen() getgrnam.3 Michael Kerrisk [Ulrich Drepper] Fix discussion of _SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX The value is not meant to be a maximum (as was specified in SUSv3) but an initial guess at the required size (as specified in SUSv4). getpwnam.3 Michael Kerrisk [Ulrich Drepper] Fix discussion of _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX The value is not meant to be a maximum (as was specified in SUSv3) but an initial guess at the required size (as specified in SUSv4). malloc.3 mallopt.3 mtrace.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add mcheck(3) memchr.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify description, omitting mention of "strings" and "characters" The existing text slipped into talking about characters and strings, which could mislead readers into thing that, for example, searches for the byte '\0' are treated specially. Therefore, rewrite in terms of "bytes" and "memory areas". At the same time, make a few source file clean-ups. mkstemp.3 Michael Kerrisk Add "mkstemps" and "mkostemps" to NAME line posix_openpt.3 Michael Kerrisk [Vadim Mikhailov] Add some details on use of the slave pathname An explicit pointer to ptsname(3) is useful, as is a note of the fact that the slave device pathname exists only as long as the master device is held open. raise.3 Michael Kerrisk Add some notes on underlying system call that is used rcmd.3 Michael Kerrisk Add some details of the rresvport() 'port' argument resolver.3 Petr Baudis Note that many options are documented in resolv.conf(5) scandir.3 Michael Kerrisk [Daniel J Blueman] Improve EXAMPLE source code: s/0/NULL/ in scandir() call strchr.3 James Hunt Explain behavior when searching for '\0' strerror.3 Eric Blake [Stefan Puiu] Improve strerror_r() description POSIX requires that perror() not modify the static storage returned by strerror(). POSIX 2008 and C99 both require that strerror() never return NULL (a strerror() that always returns "" for all inputs is valid for C99, but not for POSIX). http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12204 documents glibc's change to come into compliance with POSIX regarding strerror_r() return value. The GNU strerror_r() use of 'buf' was confusing - I ended up writing a test program that proves that 'buf' is unused for valid 'errnum', but contains truncated "unknown message" for out-of-range 'errnum'. See also http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=382 Bernhard Walle Correct description of error return for XSI strerror_r() Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake] Note how to use 'errno' to detect errors when calling strerror() Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Add an example of the kind of string returned by strerror() resolv.conf.5 Petr Baudis Document "single-request" option inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk Note buffer size that guarantees being able to read at least one event James Hunt Correct description of size of inotify_event structure iso_8859-1.7 Eugen Dedu Add "-" for SOFT HYPHEN See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=156154 netdevice.7 Brian F. G. Bidulock Document some SIOC configuration ioctls This patch adds common but missing SIOC configuration ioctls to the netdevice.7 manual pages that are not documented anywhere else. SIOCSIFPFLAGS and SIOCGIFPFLAGS are linux-specific. Flag values come from Linux 2.6.25 kernel headers for sockios. The others are standard BSD ioctls that have always been implemented by Linux and were verified from inspecting netdevice.c kernel code. socket.7 Michael Kerrisk [Alexey Toptygin] Correct description of SO_BROADCAST tcp.7 lepton Correct description for TCP_MAXSEG on modern kernel ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.41 ==================== Released: 2012-05-11, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Akihiro MOTOKI Andries E. Brouwer Angelo Borsotti Bjarni Ingi Gislason Brian M. Carlson Casper Dik David Prévot D. Barbier Eric Blake Hugh Dickins Ivana Varekova Jakub Jelinek Jan Kara Jason Baron Jean-Michel Vourgère Jeff Moyer Josh Triplett Kasper Dupont KOSAKI Motohiro Lauri Kasanen Mel Gorman Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Nick Piggin Paul Pluzhnikov Petr Baudis Ralph Corderoy Rich Felker Simone Piccardi Simon Paillard Stefan Puiu Stephen Hemminger Vincent Lefevre Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- get_robust_list.2 Ivana Varekova [Michael Kerrisk] New page documenting get_robust_list(2) and set_robust_list(2) mallinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro, Paul Pluzhnikov] New page for mallinfo(3) malloc_info.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Jelinek] New page for malloc_info(3) malloc_stats.3 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro] New man page for malloc_stats(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- madvise.2 Jason Baron Document MADV_DONTDUMP and MADV_DODUMP New and changed links --------------------- set_robust_list.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to new get_robust_list.2 page LIST_ENTRY.3 LIST_HEAD.3 LIST_INIT.3 LIST_INSERT_AFTER.3 LIST_INSERT_HEAD.3 LIST_REMOVE.3 TAILQ_ENTRY.3 TAILQ_HEAD.3 TAILQ_INIT.3 TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER.3 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD.3 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL.3 TAILQ_REMOVE.3 CIRCLEQ_ENTRY.3 CIRCLEQ_HEAD.3 CIRCLEQ_INIT.3 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER.3 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE.3 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD.3 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL.3 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to queue.3 The queue(3) page documents these macros, so it makes sense to have links for the names. DES_FAILED.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to des_crypt.3 The des_crypt(3) page documents this macro, so it makes sense to have a link for the name. qsort_r.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to qsort.3 Overlooked to add this link in 3.38, when documentation of qsort_r() was added to the qsort.3 page. Global changes -------------- faccessat.2 fchmodat.2 fchownat.2 fstatat.2 futimesat.2 inotify_init.2 linkat.2 mkdirat.2 mknodat.2 openat.2 readlinkat.2 renameat.2 setns.2 splice.2 symlinkat.2 sync.2 tee.2 unlinkat.2 vmsplice.2 Michael Kerrisk [Lauri Kasanen] Global fix: note glibc version that added library support confstr.3 strcasecmp.3 strcat.3 strcmp.3 strcpy.3 strdup.3 strftime.3 strlen.3 strnlen.3 strpbrk.3 strspn.3 strtok.3 strxfrm.3 Michael Kerrisk [Andries E. Brouwer] Clarify that these functions operate on bytes, not (wide) characters Change 'character(s)' to 'byte(s)' to make clear that these functions operate on bytes, not wide / UTF8 characters. (POSIX uses 'byte(s)' similarly, to make this point.) icmp.7 ipv6.7 packet.7 raw.7 rtnetlink.7 unix.7 x25.7 Michael Kerrisk Remove names of constants from NAME line Some of the sockets/network protocol pages included names of the corresponding address family constants in the NAME line, but this wasn't done consistently across all pages, and probably it adds little value in those pages that did do this. So, remove these constants from those pages that have them in the NAME section. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_getres.2 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett] Expand description of CLOCK_REALTIME Make it clear that this clock may be discontinuous, and is affected my incremental NTP and clock-adjtime(2) adjustments. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=540872 epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays. execve.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewording to deemphasize libc5 details fork.2 Mike Frysinger ERRORS: add ENOSYS Can occur on, for example, non-MMU hardware. getcpu.2 Mike Frysinger Add RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections Michael Kerrisk Refer reader to NOTES for more info about 'tcache' Michael Kerrisk DESCRIPTION: reword a sentence to be clearer io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite to focus on system call API Rewrite to focus on the system call interface, adding some notes on the libaio wrapper differences. See the following mail: 2012-05-07 "aio manuals", linux-man@vger http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/1935/focus=2910 Other minor rewrites. mount.2 Michael Kerrisk Comment out an old Linux libc detail open.2 Nick Piggin [KOSAKI Motohiro, Jan Kara, Hugh Dickins] Describe race of direct I/O and fork() Rework 04cd7f64, which didn't capture the details correctly. See the April/May 2012 linux-man@ mail thread "[PATCH] Describe race of direct read and fork for unaligned buffers" http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.mm/77571 poll.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays. Michael Kerrisk Clarify discussion of wrapper function emulation Clarify that glibc (as well as old libc) provides emulation using select(2) on older kernels that don't have a poll() system call. Michael Kerrisk Make the meaning of a zero timeout explicit Clarify that timeout==0 causes an immediate return, even if no file descriptors are ready. pread.2 Michael Kerrisk [Kasper Dupont] BUGS: Note O_APPEND + pwrite() does the wrong thing See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43178 recvmmsg.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval Make it clear that 'timeout' interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays. select.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays. Michael Kerrisk Expand description of the self-pipe trick Michael Kerrisk Add further details on pselect6() system call that underlies pselect() semop.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that 'timeout' of semtimedop() is a *minimum* interval Make it clear that 'timeout' interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays. signal.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'sig_t' requires _BSD_SOURCE Also remove some old Linux libc details sigwaitinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that 'timeout' of sigtimedwait() is a *minimum* interval Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays. stat.2 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Formatting fixes From "groff -ww" (or "man --warnings=w ..."): warning: around line 442: table wider than line width GNU man uses line length of 78. Use text blocks. Two spaces between sentences or better: start each sentence in a new line. syscalls.2 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Formatting fixes From "groff -ww ..." (or "man --warnings=w ..."): warning: around line 157: table wider than line width Have to use text blocks. Move some text to its correct column. Split text to two columns to avoid hyphenation. sysinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove reference to obsolete libc5 syslog.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove some details about obsolete Linux libc aio_cancel.3 aio_error.3 aio_fsync.3 aio_read.3 aio_return.3 aio_suspend.3 aio_write.3 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add/update ENOSYS error aio_cancel.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify what happens when a request isn't successfully canceled Michael Kerrisk Add pointers to aio(7) and sigevent(7) dbopen.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Add header file Upstreamed from Debian, and consistent with FreeBSD dbopen(3) man page. fmemopen.3 Michael Kerrisk Note details of POSIX.1-2008 specification of 'b' in 'mode' Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker] BUGS: fmemopen() doesn't correctly set file position in some cases If 'mode' is append, but 'size' does not cover a null byte in 'buf', then fmemopen() incorrectly sets the initial file position to -1, rather than the next byte after the end of the buffer. See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13151 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: fmemopen() incorrectly handles size==0 case If size is zero, fmemopen() fails, This is surprising behavior, and not specified in POSIX.1-2008. See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11216 Reported-by; Alex Shinn Michael Kerrisk BUGS: Note silent ABI change for fmemopen() in glibc 2.9 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker] BUGS: Append mode does not force writes to append Append mode correctly sets the initial offset but does not force subsequent writes to append at end of stream. See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13152 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake] BUGS: Note inconsistent treatment of 'b' in 'mode' fopen() permits, for example, both "w+b" and "wb+", but only the latter is meaningful to fmemopen(). See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12836 fopencookie.3 Michael Kerrisk [Petr Baudis] Correct description of return for user-supplied 'write' function See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2074 getaddrinfo.3 Jean-Michel Vourgère Note that AI_ADDRCONFIG is not affected by loopback addresses See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=660479 iconv.3 Michael Kerrisk Upstream useful NOTE from Debian Warn the reader that the pointer arguments can't be interpreted as C style strings. Also, note possible alignment requirements for the referenced bytes sequences, Michael Kerrisk Write a better paragraph introducing iconv() and its arguments isgreater.3 Michael Kerrisk [Vincent Lefevre] Clarify that the arguments to these macros must be real-floating See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=609033 lio_listio.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that async notification occurs when *all* I/Os complete makedev.3 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Correct return types of major() and minor() See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754188 Reported-by; Zdenek Kabelac malloc.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add malloc_info(3) malloc_get_state.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix wordos in function names in NAME line mallopt.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix example program The example code was a version that was not consistent with the shell output shown on the page. Reported-bY: Simon Paillard Michael Kerrisk Restore accidentally omitted line in shell session Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add malloc_stats(3) mmap64.3 Michael Kerrisk Change target of link to mmap.2 (was mmap2.2) Upstreamed from Red Hat / Fedora realpath.3 Michael Kerrisk [Casper Dik] Remove note about Solaris possibly returning a relative path syslog.3 Michael Kerrisk [Ralph Corderoy] Document behavior when 'ident' argument to openlog() is NULL See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/382096 Michael Kerrisk Update CONFORMING TO for POSIX.1-2008 POSIX.1-2008 doesn't change any details, but make that more explicit. undocumented.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove some functions that have been documented sd.4 Michael Kerrisk Remove reference to nonexistent scsi(4) page Upstreamed from RedHat / Fedora sk98lin.4 Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Hemminger] Note that this driver was removed in 2.6.28 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/528020 passwd.5 Michael Kerrisk Upstream pieces from Red Hat/Fedora Note mention of empty password field. Add description of "*NP*" in password field. Michael Kerrisk Various minor fixes and improvements proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Note that CAP_SYS_ADMIN processes can override file-max Upstreamed from red Hat / Fedora Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/[pid]/cgroup Upstreamed from Red Hat / Fedora resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk Take a Debian improvement into upstream tzfile.5 Michael Kerrisk Mention timezone directories in DESCRIPTION Note that timezone files are usually in /usr/lib/zoneinfo or /usr/share/zoneinfo. Michael Kerrisk Drop SYNOPSIS The SYNOPSIS doesn't correspond to a user-visible file. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add pointer to glibc source file timezone/tzfile.h Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add tzset(3) and tzselect(8) ascii.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Indent for "troff" makes table too wide Fix following from "groff -t -ww ...": warning: around line 53: table wider than line width Extra indent for "troff" makes the table look misplaced (default "ps" output). cp1251.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason table too wide From "nroff -ww -t ...": warning: around line 44: table wider than line width Columns are made narrower (column gutter decreased). ipv6.7 Stefan Puiu Add ENODEV error for bind() to link-local IPv6 address signal.7 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] Clarify that SIGLOST is unused Michael Kerrisk Comment out crufty BUGS text on SIGLOST It must be a very long time since the statement there about SIGLOST was true. (The text seems to date back to 1996.) Michael Kerrisk Update architectures for tables of signal numbers utf-8.7 Brian M. Carlson Two clarifications This patch clarifies that 0xc0 and 0xc1 are not valid in any UTF-8 encoding[0], and it also references RFC 3629 instead of RFC 2279. [0] In order to have 0xc0, you'd have to have a two-byte encoding with all the data bits zero in the first byte (and thus only six bits of data), which would be an ASCII character encoded in the non-shortest form. Similarly with 0xc1. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=538641 ldconfig.8 nscd.8 Michael Kerrisk Remove path prefix from NAME line Command names shown in NAME are normally just the basename, not the full pathname of the command. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.42 ==================== Released: 2012-08-14, Konolfingen Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Aaron Peschel Adrian Dabrowski Akihiro MOTOKI Alan Curry Bjarni Ingi Gislason Christoph Lameter Colin McCabe Daniel Zingaro David Prévot Denys Vlasenko Henry Hu Herbert Xu Jan Engelhardt Jim Hill JoonSoo Kim Kalle Olavi Niemitalo Martin H Michael Kerrisk Michael S. Tsirkin Rasmus Villemoes Sami Kerola Sam Varshavchik Shawn Landden Simon Paillard Tolga Dalman Ulrich Drepper Марк Коренберг Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Sami Kerola Global fix: use UR macro where applicable The syntax .UR http://example.com paired with .UE will create links which one can interact, if the pager allows that. One way to see the effect is ask the man(1) command to use browser display, e.g.: man -H man7/uri.7 ("\:" is optional groff syntax to permit hyphenless line breaks.) Changes to individual pages --------------------------- ldd.1 Michael Kerrisk Add security note on untrusted executables See also http://www.catonmat.net/blog/ldd-arbitrary-code-execution/ and http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Program-Library-HOWTO/shared-libraries.html clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite discussion of sys_clone futex.2 Марк Коренберг Consolidate error descriptions to ERRORS Michael Kerrisk Various wording fix-ups Michael Kerrisk Fix description of EINVAL error The current text seems incorrect. Replace with a more general description. getdents.2 select_tut.2 atof.3 atoi.3 pthread_create.3 pthread_sigmask.3 rtime.3 setbuf.3 tsearch.3 netlink.7 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt] Remove unneeded casts get_robust_list.2 get_thread_area.2 getcpu.2 getdents.2 gettid.2 io_cancel.2 io_destroy.2 io_getevents.2 io_setup.2 io_submit.2 ioprio_set.2 kexec_load.2 llseek.2 modify_ldt.2 mq_getsetattr.2 pivot_root.2 readdir.2 rt_sigqueueinfo.2 set_thread_area.2 sgetmask.2 spu_create.2 spu_run.2 subpage_prot.2 sysctl.2 tkill.2 Michael Kerrisk Add note to SYNOPSIS that there is no glibc wrapper for system call Reduce the chance that the reader may be misled into thinking that there is a wrapper function for this system call by noting explicitly in the SYNOPSIS that there is no glibc wrapper and pointing the reader to NOTES for further details. ioprio_set.2 Colin McCabe Clarify the multithreaded behavior of ioprio_set(2) Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг, Kalle Olavi Niemitalo] Document who==0 for IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS and IOPRIO_WHO_PGRP For IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, who==0 means operate on the caller. For IOPRIO_WHO_PGRP, who==0 means operate on the caller's process group. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=652443 migrate_pages.2 Michael Kerrisk [Christoph Lameter, JoonSoo Kim] Fix description of return value mount.2 Michael Kerrisk For MS_REMOUNT, source is ignored mprotect.2 Michael Kerrisk [Rasmus Villemoes] 'addr' argument is not const As reported by Rasmus: Both my system's man-pages (3.22) and the latest online (3.41) show: int mprotect(const void *addr, size_t len, int prot); as the prototype for mprotect(2). However, POSIX [1] and the actual sys/mman.h (on all the systems I checked) do not have the const qualifier on the first argument. msgctl.2 semctl.2 shmctl.2 svipc.7 Michael Kerrisk Don't mention that ipc_perm is defined in There's no need to mention that the 'ipc_perm' structure is defined in . That's an implementation detail, and furthermore is itself included by the other System V IPC header files. The current text might lead the reader to conclude that they must include , which is not the case (it is required neither on Linux, nor by the standards). msgctl.2 msgget.2 msgop.2 semctl.2 semget.2 semop.2 shmctl.2 shmget.2 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: and aren't strictly needed Add text to NOTES to say that the and header files aren't required by Linux or the standards, but may be needed for portability to old systems. ptrace.2 Denys Vlasenko Explain WNOHANG behavior and EINTR bug I didn't like the "SIGKILL operates similarly, with exceptions" phrase (if it's different, then it's not "similar", right?), and now I got around to changing it. Now it says simply: "SIGKILL does not generate signal-delivery-stop and therefore the tracer can't suppress it." Replaced "why WNOHANG is not reliable" example with a more realistic one (the one which actually inspired to add this information to man page in the first place): we got ESRCH - process is gone! - but waitpid(WNOHANG) can still confusingly return 0 "no processes to wait for". Replaced "This means that unneeded trailing arguments may be omitted" part with a much better recommendation to never do that and to supply zero arguments instead. (The part about "undocumentedness" of gcc behavior was bogus, btw - deleted). Expanded BUGS section with the explanation and an example of visible strace behavior on the buggy syscalls which exit with EINTR on ptrace attach. I hope this will lead to people submitting better bug reports to lkml about such syscalls. seteuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Note glibc version where setegid() implementation changed In glibc 2.2/2.3, setegid() switched from setregid() to setresgid(). set_tid_address.2 Michael Kerrisk Rename 'ctid' argument for consistency with clone(2) page Michael Kerrisk Some rewordings and minor clarifications sigwaitinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk [Daniel Zingaro] Some wording clarifications Mainly rewording things like "is delivered" to "becomes pending", which is more accurate terminology. syscall.2 Michael Kerrisk Add some more details to the description of syscall(2) And add another example of using syscall() to the program example. syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add kcmp(2) Michael Kerrisk Move discussion of set_zone_reclaim(2) out of main table This system call was never visible to user space, so it makes sense to move it out of the main table of system calls into the notes below the table. getifaddrs.3 Michael Kerrisk [Adrian Dabrowski] Note that ifa_addr and ifa_netmask can be NULL readdir.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt] Handle -1 error from pathconf() in example code snippet Improve the example demonstrating allocation of a buffer for readdir_r() to handle -1 error return from pathconf(). Otherwise, naive readers may think that pathconf() return value can be used without checking. realpath.3 Shawn Landden Use past tense with ancient history (libc4, libc5) regex.3 Michael Kerrisk Correct SEE ALSO reference to glibc manual "regex" section rtime.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt] Fix broken pointer cast in example code sem_close.3 sem_destroy.3 sem_getvalue.3 sem_init.3 sem_open.3 sem_post.3 sem_unlink.3 sem_wait.3 sem_overview.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that "cc -pthread" is required; "-lrt" no longer works See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/874418 sigwait.3 Michael Kerrisk Reword "is delivered" to "becomes pending" strcat.3 Michael Kerrisk Add some text to emphasize the dangers of buffer overruns Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add discussion of strlcat() strcpy.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that info is lost when strncpy() doesn't null terminate Michael Kerrisk Add some text to emphasize possibility of buffer runs with strcpy() Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add a discussion of strlcpy() Inspired by https://lwn.net/Articles/506530/ Michael Kerrisk Fix description of the null-byte padding performed by strncpy() tsearch.3 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: remove redundant discussion of unorthodox use of term "postorder" This point is already covered at greater length in the main text of the page (See the piece "More commonly, ..."). Michael Kerrisk Clarify use for first argument to the twalk() 'action' function There's a number of details in POSIX that are omitted in the current version of this page. Michael Kerrisk Some wording fixes core.5 Michael Kerrisk Note effect of madvise(2) MADV_DONTDUMP flag capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Document CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND glob.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Change 8 bit characters to 7 bit representation Fixes rendering errors for accented 'a' characters. Michael Kerrisk [Aaron Peschel] Update bash(1) command used to obtain classical globbing behavior The man page formerly noted the bash(1) v1 command to do this. iso_8859-1.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Explanation of SOFT HYPHEN and the code for it :89: warning: can't find special character `shc' This is the only "iso_8859-*.7" file that has this (now) undefined character. The code in column four in "iso_8859-1.7" is "0x2D" ("HYPHEN, MINUS SIGN" or "HYPHEN-MINUS") instead of "0xAD". See Debian bug 156154 (or package "manpages"). There should be an explanation for this graphic character and the code should be 0xAD in iso_8859-1.7 (as in all others), even though "[gn]roff" does not display a "HYPHEN" in that position of the table. The line with "SOFT HYPHEN" gets a footnote and a short explanation. mdoc.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Fixing a warning and a table Fis warning from "groff -ww ..." (or "man --warnings=w ..."): :294: warning: tab character in unquoted macro argument In one table the distance between columns is too small in the "ps" output. (Bug in the groff "doc.tmac" macro?) mdoc.samples.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Fix warnings from [ng]roff, corrections From "man -ww ..." (groff -ww ...): :541: warning: tab character in unquoted macro argument [+3 similar warnings] :813: warning: macro `Pu' not defined Usage: .Rv -std in sections 2 and 3 only (#1669) mdoc warning: A .Bl directive has no matching .El (#1821) String "Pu" defined as a row of punctuation characters. ".Bl" and ".El" fixed. Some arguments, that start with a period or are the name of a macro, protected with "\&". Variable name for macro ".Rv" corrected. netdevice.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Line in table too long Fix warning from "man ..." ("nroff -ww ..."): nroff: netdevice.7: warning: around line 98: table wider than line width Fix: No right adjustment in text blocks in tables. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=673873 netlink.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Line in table is too long Fix warning from "man ..." ("nroff -ww ..."): nroff: netlink.7: warning: around line 195: table wider than line width Horizontal line incorporated into table. No right adjustment of text blocks in tables. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=673875 Simon Paillard [Herbert Xu] Change description of "*_pid" fields to "Port ID" As reported by Herbert Xu, these should not be considered as PIDs. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=383296 rtnetlink.7 Bjarni Ingi Gislason Line in table too long Fix warning from "man ..." ("nroff -ww ..."): nroff: rtnetlink.7: warning: around line 415: table wider than line width Column gutter reduced to fit line length. Right adjustment in text blocks removed in tables. Some header made centered in tables. One table put on same page. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=674051 socket.7 Martin H Document SO_MARK socket option Commit 4a19ec5800fc3bb64e2d87c4d9fdd9e636086fe0 in Jan 2008 added the new SO_MARK socket option. This patch is based on text from the commit message. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=16461. svipc.7 Michael Kerrisk SYNOPSIS: Remove include of and Including and isn't needed on Linux and isn't really relevant for the explanation on this page. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.43 ==================== Released: 2012-10-05, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Anatoli Klassen Andreas Schwab Bjarni Ingi Gislason David Prévot Eric Dumazet Florian Weimer Frédéric Brière Fredrik Arnerup Guillem Jover Jan Engelhardt Michael Kerrisk Simon Josefsson Stephane Fillod Trevor Woerner Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- getenv.3 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, Andreas Schwab] Document secure_getenv(3) New and changed links --------------------- phys.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to unimplemented.2 secure_getenv.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to getenv.3 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/-/\\-/ when real hyphen is required (e.g., in code) Various pages David Prévot [Michael Kerrisk] Global fix: Various consistency fixes for SEE ALSO Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: use "Linux kernel source" consistently Rather than "kernel source". Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: disable justification and hyphenation in SEE ALSO For a better visual result, disable justification and hyphenation in SEE ALSO where page names are long. syscalls.2 uname.2 boot.7 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/OS/operating system/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk [Fredrik Arnerup] Describe timeout limitation in kernels < 2.6.37 As reported by Fredrik (and as far as I can tell the problem went back to 2.6.0): The timeout argument has an upper limit. Any values above that limit are treated the same as -1, i.e. to wait indefinitely. The limit is given by: #define EP_MAX_MSTIMEO min(1000ULL * MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT / HZ, \ (LONG_MAX - 999ULL) / HZ) That is, the limit depends on the size of a long and the timer frequency. Assuming the a long is never smaller than 32 bits and HZ never larger than 1000, the worst case is 35 minutes. I think this should be mentioned under "BUGS". Although this is likely to be fixed in the future (http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/8/8/144), the problem exists in at least 2.6.14 - 2.6.35. I don't know if select(2) and poll(2) are affected. https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=20762 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to select(2) for discussion of close in another thread getitimer.2 Michael Kerrisk [Trevor Woerner] Note Linux's odd handling of the new_value==NULL case Michael Kerrisk [Trevor Woerner] Fix types used to declare fields in timeval struct keyctl.2 David Prévot Reorder SEE ALSO, without .br poll.2 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to select(2) for discussion of close in another thread select.2 Michael Kerrisk [Stephane Fillod] Note behavior if monitored file descriptor is closed in another thread Executive summary: a sane application can't rely on any particular behavior if another thread closes a file descriptor being monitored by select(). See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=40852 Michael Kerrisk Clarify equivalent pselect() code in terms of threads s/sigprogmask/pthread_sigmask/ semop.2 Michael Kerrisk Recast discussion of blocking behavior in terms of threads semop() blocks the calling thread, not the process. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add clone(2) Give reader a clue about CLONE_SYSVSEM. shutdown.2 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Dumazet] Document EINVAL error (and associated bug) Eric Dumazet noted that EINVAL was not documented. Some further digging shows that it's also not diagnosed consistently. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47111. sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk Tweak SA_RESETHAND description timer_settime.2 Michael Kerrisk Small rewording around discussion of pointer arguments wait4.2 Adrian Bunk Note that these functions are nonstandard and recommend alternatives Some edits to Adrian's patch by mtk. Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: Note SUS details for wait3() gnu_get_libc_version.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove unneeded "#define _GNU_SOURCE" from SYNOPSIS pthread_kill.3 pthread_sigqueue.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove wording "another" Writing "another thread" in these pages implies that these functions can't be used to send a signal to the calling thread itself, which is of course untrue. sigvec.3 Michael Kerrisk Add "int" arg to sv_handler definition in sigvec structure Michael Kerrisk Fix small error in discussion of blocking of signals The signal that causes the handler to be invoked is blocked, but saying "by default" implies that this can be changed via the API. It cannot. (One needs sigaction(2) for that.) syslog.3 Simon Josefsson Remove (apparently bogus) text claiming LOG_AUTH is deprecated LOG_AUTH is in POSIX, and widely available. There seems to be no basis to the claim it is deprecated. Quoting Simon: I cannot find any other source that claim LOG_AUTH is deprecated in any way. LOG_AUTH is distinct from LOG_AUTHPRIV. The GNU C Library manual only documents LOG_AUTH. The header files contains both without any comment. Common systems like Debian appear to refer to both auth and authpriv facilities in syslog configurations. Popular daemons appear to use both facilities. Both facilities are discussed in several RFCs. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46091 ttyname.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add ctermid(3) proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Clarify header file related to 'flags' field of /proc/PID/stat Michael Kerrisk [Frédéric Brière] Update description of 'starttime' field of /proc/PID/stat The unit of measurement changed from jiffies to clock ticks in Linux 2.6. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=675891 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook] Document /proc/sys/fs/protected_symlinks Based on text in Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt by Kees Cook Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook] Document /proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlinks Based on text in Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt by Kees Cook capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Document interaction of CAP_SYSLOG and /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict ip.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add ipv6(7) SEE ALSO: Add icmp(7) man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Add some advice about disabling hyphenation in SEE ALSO ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk Describe interpretation of slashes in dependency strings Michael Kerrisk Repeat note that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is ignored in privileged programs This point is already noted when discussing search order for libraries, but it's worth repeating under the specific discussion of LD_LIBRARY_PATH further down the page. Michael Kerrisk Add some details for LD_PRELOAD Note that LD_PRELOAD list separator can be space or colon ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.44 ==================== Released: 2012-11-07, Barcelona Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Bert Hubert David Prévot James Youngman Kees Cook Lars Wirzenius Lucas De Marchi Michael Kerrisk Rusty Russell Simon Paillard Thomas Habets Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- delete_module.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite to Linux 2.6+ reality Michael Kerrisk Change license and copyright There is now nothing left of the original FSF-copyrighted page. So, change the copyright and license. Michael Kerrisk [Lucas De Marchi, Rusty Russell] Substantial reorganization after comments from Rusty Russell Rusty notes that O_NONBLOCK is almost always used in practice. Therefore, it would be better to reorganize the page to consider that "the default". init_module.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite to Linux 2.6+ reality Michael Kerrisk Change copyright and license Little of the original page now remains. Change copyright and license Michael Kerrisk [Rusty Russell] Changes after review comments from Rusty Russell Kees Cook Add various pieces describing Linux 2.6+ behavior Pieces take from, or inspired by, a patch sent by Kees. getauxval.3 Michael Kerrisk Document getauxval() function added in glibc 2.16 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: Use consistent capitalization in NAME section The line(s) in the NAME section should only use capitals where English usage dictates that. Otherwise, use lowercase throughout. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space" Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space". But, "userspace" is not quite an English word. So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used attributively, "user-space". Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_getres.2 clock_nanosleep.2 Michael Kerrisk Linking with -lrt is no longer needed from glibc 2.17 onward create_module.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that this system call is present only in kernels before 2.6 Michael Kerrisk Note that ENOSYS probably indicates kernel 2.6+ execve.2 Michael Kerrisk Document treatment of PR_SET_PDEATHSIG on execve() Michael Kerrisk Document treatment of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS securebits flag on execve() fork.2 Michael Kerrisk Note treatment of default timer slack value on fork() getdomainname.2 Simon Paillard [Lars Wirzenius] Point out that these calls relate to NIS, not DNS See http://bugs.debian.org/295635 get_kernel_syms.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that this system call is present only in kernels before 2.6 ipc.2 Michael Kerrisk Update note on architectures that don't have ipc() Replace mention of ia64 with x86-64 and ARM. link.2 Michael Kerrisk Add EPERM error triggered by /proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlink prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Mention Documentation/prctl/no_new_privs.txt for PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS Kees Cook update seccomp sections for mode 2 (BPF) This adds a short summary of the arguments used for "mode 2" (BPF) seccomp. Michael Kerrisk Small improvements to PR_SET_SECCOMP discussion Note type of 'arg3' for SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER. Add pointer to Documentation/prctl/seccomp_filter.txt. Michael Kerrisk Note 'seccomp' semantics with respect to fork(), execve(), and prctl() Michael Kerrisk Document PR_SET_TIMERSLACK and PR_GET_TIMERSLACK Michael Kerrisk Reword PR_SET_NAME and PR_GET_NAME in terms of threads Plus tfix Kees Cook document PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS This adds a short description of the no_new_privs bit, as described in Documentation/prctl/no_new_privs.txt. ptrace.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that some operations are not present on all architectures PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_SETGREFS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS, and PTRACE_GETSPREGS are not present on all architectures. PTRACE_SYSEMU and PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP are present only on x86. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=122383 query_module.2 Michael Kerrisk Add a few words clarifying reference to /sys/module Michael Kerrisk Note that this system call is present only in kernels before 2.6 Michael Kerrisk Note that ENOSYS probably indicates kernel 2.6+ Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add modinfo(8) and lsinfo(8) Michael Kerrisk Move some information in NOTES to VERSIONS socketcall.2 Michael Kerrisk Update note on architectures that don't have socketcall() Replace mention of ia64 with x86-64 and ARM. times.2 Thomas Habets Recommend clock_gettime(2) as alternative to times(2) clock_getcpuclockid.3 Michael Kerrisk Linking with -lrt is no longer needed from glibc 2.17 onward fts.3 Simon Paillard [James Youngman] Improve description of physical vs. logical tree walking See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=633505 getenv.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add getauxval(3) proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/meminfo Info mostly taken from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt and Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt. Michael Kerrisk Default for /proc/sys/fs/protected_{hardlinks,symlinks} is now 0 The default setting of 1 in/proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlinks and /proc/sys/fs/protected_symlinks caused one too many breakages for Linus's taste, so commit 561ec64ae67e changed the default for both files to 0. Note system call error yielded by /proc/sys/fs/protected_symlinks Note that violating 'protected_symlinks' restrictions causes system calls to fail with the error EACCES. Michael Kerrisk Since Linux 2.6.27, /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe depends on CONFIG_MODULES ipv6.7 Bert Hubert Document IPV6_RECVPKTINFO man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Note rules for capitalization in NAME section time.7 Michael Kerrisk Add a subsection on timer slack ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add getauxval(3) ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.45 ==================== Released: 2012-12-21, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Cyril Hrubis David Prévot Elie De Brauwer Eric Dumazet Felipe Pena Florian Weimer Gao Feng Jan Glauber Jim Paris Jon Grant Julien Cristau Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Rens van der Heijden Simon Paillard Thierry Vignaud Trevor Woerner YOSHIFUJI Hideaki Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- s390_runtime_instr.2 Jan Glauber New page for s390-specific s390_runtime_instr(2) if_nameindex.3 YOSHIFUJI Hideaki Document if_nameindex(3) and if_freenameindex(3) Michael Kerrisk Edits, improvements and corrections to Hideaki's page Michael Kerrisk Add an example program if_nametoindex.3 YOSHIFUJI Hideaki New page documenting if_nametoindex(3) and if_indextoname(3) New and changed links --------------------- if_freenameindex.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to if_nameindex.3 if_indextoname.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to if_nametoindex.3 Global changes -------------- sysconf.3 cciss.4 Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/runtime/run time/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Since 2.6.30, CLONE_NEWIPC also supports POSIX message queues delete_module.2 Michael Kerrisk Small rewording of description of effect of O_TRUNC getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk [Trevor Woerner] Document Linux's nonstandard treatment or RLIMIT_CPU soft limit Upon encountering the RLIMIT_CPU soft limit when a SIGXCPU handler has been installed, Linux invokes the signal handler *and* raises the soft limit by one second. This behavior repeats until the limit is encountered. No other implementation that I tested (Solaris 10, FreeBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 5.0) does this, and it seems unlikely to be POSIX-conformant. The (Linux-specific) RLIMIT_RTTIME soft limit exhibits similar behavior. Michael Kerrisk Point reader at discussion of /proc/[pid]/limits in proc(5) io_getevents.2 Michael Kerrisk io_getevents() may cause segfault when called with invalid ctx_id For reference see: http://marc.info/?l=linux-aio&m=130089887002435&w=2 recv.2 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Dumazet] UNIX domain sockets support MSG_TRUNC since 3.4 sendmmsg.2 Elie De Brauwer Add example program for sendmmsg() stat.2 Simon Paillard Clarify description of EOVERFLOW error The EOVERFLOW error is not only for st_size, but also inode and block size fields. See glibc source file sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/xstatconv.c and kernel source file fs/stat.c. Also, fix bit/byte confusion See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=604928 syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Update various references to "i386" to "x86" Michael Kerrisk Add s390_runtime_instr(2) sysctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Mention CONFIG_SYSCTL_SYSCALL Michael Kerrisk Calls to sysctl() log warnings to the kernel log since 2.6.24 syslog.2 Michael Kerrisk Substantially reorganize discussion of commands Make the layout of the discussion of the commands more readable. Michael Kerrisk Add kernel symbolic 'type' names Michael Kerrisk Clarify SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD semantics SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD returns the number of bytes available for reading via SYSLOG_ACTION_READ. Michael Kerrisk Clarify where SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL places data it reads Michael Kerrisk Clarify semantics of SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR The SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR command (5) does not really clear the ring buffer; rather it affects the semantics of what is returned by commands 3 (SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL) and 4 (SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_CLEAR). Michael Kerrisk Clarify discussion of privileges for commands 3 and 10 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT wait.2 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: Document odd waitid() behavior when 'infop' is NULL getifaddrs.3 Michael Kerrisk [Julien Cristau] Update description of ifa_data to Linux 2.6+ reality See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=526778 memcmp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Enhance RETURN VALUE text and remove redundant text from DESCRIPTION Note that sign of result equals sign of difference between first two bytes that differ (treated as "unsigned char")." mkstemp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer] Deemphasize discussion of mode 066 in glibc 2.0.6 Glibc 2.0.6 is now so ld that the discussion of details of that version can be deemphasized placing just under NOTES. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51811 strcmp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Enhance RETURN VALUE text and remove redundant text from DESCRIPTION Note that sign of result equals sign of difference between first two bytes that differ (treated as "unsigned char")." ttyname.3 Michael Kerrisk Fix confused text in ERRORS The existing text suggested that the ERRORS applied only for ttyname_r(). However, 2 of the 3 errors can occur for ttyname(). undocumented.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove some now documented functions proc.5 Michael Kerrisk [Jim Paris] Correct description of SwapFree in /proc/meminfo Michael Kerrisk Note change of /proc/[pid]/limits file permissions in 2.6.36 resolv.conf.5 Simon Paillard Document IPv6 format for nameserver See: http://bugs.debian.org/610036 capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk [Rens van der Heijden] Correct URL for POSIX.1e draft ipv6.7 Gao Feng Add description of getsockopt() for IPV6_MTU In IPv4,IP_MTU is only supported by getsockopt. In IPv6, we can use IPV6_MTU to set socket's MTU, but the return value of getsockopt() is the path MTU. rtnetlink.7 Michael Kerrisk [Julien Cristau] Update description of IFLA_STATS to Linux 2.6+ reality See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=526778 socket.7 Michael Kerrisk [YOSHIFUJI Hideaki] Document 'sockaddr' and 'sockaddr_storage' types Andi Kleen Explain effect of SO_SNDTIMEO for connect() When SO_SNDTIMEO is set before connect(), then connect() may return EWOULDBLOCK when the timeout fires. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.46 ==================== Released: 2013-01-27, Canberra Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andrew Perepechko Cédric Boutillier Cyrill Gorcunov Daan Spitz David Prévot Elie De Brauwer Garrett Cooper James Noble Justin Lebar Kees Cook Lucas De Marchi Mark Hills Maxin B. John Michael Kerrisk Michal Gorny Peter Budny Peter Lekeynstein Rusty Russell Samuel Thibault Sam Varshavchik Shawn Landden Simon Paillard Starlight Theodore Ts'o Wolfgang Rohdewald Zsbán Ambrus Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- kcmp.2 Cyrill Gorcunov, Michael Kerrisk New page for kcmp(2) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- init_module.2 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook, Rusty Russell, Lucas De Marchi] Document finit_module(2) Rusty Russell [Lucas De Marchi, Kees Cook] Document finit_module() 'flags' argument Document MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_MODVERSIONS and MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_VERMAGIC. (Some edits by mtk.) New and changed links --------------------- finit_module.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to init_module.2 __after_morecore_hook.3 __free_hook.3 __malloc_initialize_hook.3 __memalign_hook.3 __realloc_hook.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to malloc_hook.3 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/tty/terminal/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Add kernel versions for various CLONE_* constants Michael Kerrisk CLONE_NEWIPC governs mechanisms that don't have filesystem pathnames Michael Kerrisk CLONE_NEWIPC doesn't mount the POSIX MQ file system Michael Kerrisk Add an example program (CLONE_NEWUTS) Michael Kerrisk Some reworking of CLONE_NEWIPC text No substantial content changes. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add kcmp(2) SEE ALSO: add setns(2) fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk FALLOC_FL_* flags are defined in glibc only since 2.18 getxattr.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 Michael Kerrisk [Andrew Perepechko, ] Note that ENOATTR is a synonym for ENODATA Various people have pointed out that strace(1) shows ENODATA for the case where the named attribute does not exist, or the process has no access to this attribute. ENODATA and ENOATTR are in fact defined as synonyms. Point this out in the man page, so that people understand the strace(1) info. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51871 getxattr.2 listxattr.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 Michael Kerrisk Put errors under ERRORS section The errno values on these pages were listed in a nonstandard way under the RETURN VALUE section. Put them in ERRORS sections. init_module.2 Michael Kerrisk [Rusty Russell] ERRORS: Add errors for module signatures (EBADMSG, ENOKEY) link.2 mkdir.2 mknod.2 open.2 rename.2 symlink.2 write.2 mkfifo.3 Mark Hills Document EDQUOT error The return error EDQUOT is not documented in open(2), write(2), symlink(2) etc. Whether inodes or disk blocks are required for each function is something I based on received wisdom and BSD documentation, rather than tracing the code to the kernel. For symlink(2) this certainly depends on the file system type. listxattr.2 Michael Kerrisk [Theodore Ts'o] Fix RETURN VALUE description On success, 0 may be returned, so change wording from "positive number" to "nonnegative number". outb.2 Michael Kerrisk Add SYNOPSIS prctl.2 Kees Cook Document PR_SET_PTRACER Document the Yama LSM's prctl handler that allows processes to declare ptrace restriction exception relationships via PR_SET_PTRACER. Michael Kerrisk Make it explicit that PR_SET_PTRACER replaces previous setting The attribute is a scalar, not a list. Shawn Landden Document EINVAL error for PR_SET_PTRACER Michael Kerrisk Document PR_GET_TID_ADDRESS ptrace.2 Michael Kerrisk Document PTRACE_O_EXITKILL Michael Kerrisk Place PTRACE_SETOPTIONS list in alphabetical order query_module.2 Michael Kerrisk Must be called using syscall(2) Yes, the call is way obsolete, but add this info for completeness. recvmmsg.2 Elie De Brauwer Add/correct kernel version info for recvmmsg() and MSG_WAITFORNONE This patch isolates the since/version related fixes as requested. This change introduces the following delta: * The page states it was added in 2.6.32 but it is only added 2.6.33 (ref: http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_33) * The MSG_WAITFORONE flag was in turn only added in 2.6.34 (ref: http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_34) Elie De Brauwer Add an example program setns.2 Michael Kerrisk Add example program sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk [Zsbán Ambrus] Note feature test macro requirements for 'siginfo_t' See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52931 syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add kern_features(2) Michael Kerrisk Add utrap_install(2) Sparc-specific, present since ancient times Michael Kerrisk Add finit_module(2) sysctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Garrett Cooper] ERRORS: EACCES as a synonym for EPRM See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46731 and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ltp/11413/focus=957635 From: Garrett Cooper gmail.com> Subject: Re: [LTP] [PATCH] sysctl03: sysctl returns EACCES after 2.6.33-rc1 Newsgroups: gmane.linux.kernel, gmane.linux.ltp Date: 2010-03-04 18:35:33 GMT unshare.2 Michael Kerrisk Update NOTES on unimplemented flags Michael Kerrisk Fix text problems in description of CLONE_FS Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add kcmp(2) SEE ALSO: add setns(2) Michael Kerrisk Reorder CLONE_NEWUTS entry in list difftime.3 Michael Kerrisk [Michal Gorny] Remove crufty text about 'time_t' on "other systems" Back in 2006, some text came in via Debian patches that seems crufty. Remove it. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46731 getaddrinfo.3 getnameinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Budny] Fix some confused references to function names See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52741 getspnam.3 Michael Kerrisk [Wolfgang Rohdewald] ERRORS: Add EACCES See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52681 __setfpucw.3 Michael Kerrisk Add proper page cross refs for alternate functions core.5 proc.5 Kees Cook Clarify suid_dumpable versus core_pattern In Linux 3.6, additional requirements were placed on core_pattern when suid_dumpable is set to 2. Document this and include commit references. Justin Lebar statm's "shared" field refers to pages backed by files I noticed that statm's "shared" field doesn't match the sum of all the "shared" entries in smaps [1]. The kernel docs explain that statm's "shared" field is "number of pages that are shared (i.e. backed by a file)" [2]. smaps appears to call a page shared if it's mapped by at least two processes, which explains this discrepancy. I'm not a kernel hacker, but it appears to me they do mean "i.e." and not "e.g." in the statm description: In fs/proc/task_mmu.c::task_statm, I see *shared = get_mm_counter(mm, MM_FILEPAGES); Here's a patch which updates the man page to match the (hopefully correct) kernel docs. [1] https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=807181 [2] http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git;a=blob;f=Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt;h=a1793d670cd01bd374eddf54ffdfc768504291ff;hb=HEAD proc.5 Kees Cook Put /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug in alphabetical order Kees Cook Document /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict Kees Cook Linux 3.4 changed permissions needed to change kptr_restrict Michael Kerrisk [Samuel Thibault, Simon Paillard] Add field numbers for /proc/PID/stat See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=553413 Add numbering to /proc/stat "cpu" fields See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=553413 Michael Kerrisk Reorganize text describing /proc/stat "cpu" fields Michael Kerrisk Rewording of suid_dumpable text after comments from Kees Cook Michael Kerrisk [Samuel Thibault, Simon Paillard] Add field numbers for /proc/[pid]/statm See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=553413 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/stat "cpu" "nice_guest" field Info taken from commit ce0e7b28fb75cb003cfc8d0238613aaf1c55e797 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Lekeynstein] Document /prod/[pid]/oom_score_adj Text taken directly from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt, with some light editing. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=50421 shells.5 Michael Kerrisk Add /etc/bash to list of example shells ttytype.5 Michael Kerrisk Add proper xref for termcap and terminfo pages capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Add kcmp(2) under CAP_SYS_PTRACE man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Update description of Section 7 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.47 ==================== Released: 2013-02-12, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: David Prévot D. Barbier Lennart Poettering Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Peter Schiffer Radek Pazdera Reuben Thomas Shawn Landden Simon Paillard Vince Weaver Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- perf_event_open.2 Vincent Weaver New page documenting perf_event_open(2) pthread_setname_np.3 Chandan Apsangi, Michael Kerrisk New page for pthread_setname_np(3) and pthread_getname_np(3) sln.8 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] New page documenting the 'sln' command provided by glibc Inspired by a Red Hat downstream page, but with rather more detail. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden, Lennart Poettering] Document PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER and PR_GET_CHILD_SUBREAPER ip.7 Radek Pazdera Add source-specific multicast sockopts This patch adds documentation of several source-specific multicast socket options that were added to kernel with implementation of IGMPv3 in 2.5.68. The following socket options were added: IP_ADD_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP IP_DROP_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP IP_BLOCK_SOURCE IP_UNBLOCK_SOURCE IP_MSFILTER Pages moved across sections --------------------------- getcontext.3 Michael Kerrisk This page really belongs in Section 3 (moved from Section 2) getdtablesize.3 Michael Kerrisk Move from Section 2 New and changed links --------------------- getcontext.2 Michael Kerrisk Make link to page moved into Section 3 getdtablesize.2 Michael Kerrisk Link to renamed getdtablesize.3 setcontext.2 Michael Kerrisk Modify link to point to Section 3 pthread_getname_np.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new pthread_setname_np.3 setcontext.3 Michael Kerrisk Link to getcontext page renamed into Section 3 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add fallocate(1) flock.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add flock(1) fork.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add exit(2) getpriority.2 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: note that nice value is per-thread on Linux getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add prlimit(1) gettid.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add various system calls that use thread IDs ioprio_set.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add ionice(1) sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add taskset(1) sched_setparam.2 Michael Kerrisk Scheduling policy and parameters are per-thread on Linux Direct the reader to the discussion in sched_setscheduler(2). sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk Scheduling policy and parameters are per-thread on Linux Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add chrt(1) setsid.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add setsid(1) shmop.2 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] ERRORS: Add EIDRM Taken from Red Hat downstream patch sigaction.2 makecontext.3 Michael Kerrisk Change getcontext/setcontext page ref to Section 3 signal.2 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas] Clarify System V vs BSD semantics for signal() syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk The list on this page is not just syscalls common to all platforms Michael Kerrisk Add perfctr(2) Add ppc_rtas(2) Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version number of utrap_install(2) unimplemented.2 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Remove mention of kernel version number in DESCRIPTION inet.3 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Fix error in EXAMPLE using inet_aton() See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=837090 Patch taken from Red Hat downstream. posix_fallocate.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add fallocate(1) regex.3 Reuben Thomas Clarify details of matching The first is that it's far from clear that the end points of the complete string match are stored in the zero'th element of the regmatch_t array; secondly, the phrase "next largest substring match" is positively misleading, implying some sort of size ordering, whereas in fact they are ordered according to their appearance in the regex pattern. scanf.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify meaning of "string conversions" for 'm' modifier Mike Frysinger Update %a vs %m documentation POSIX.1-2008 adopted the 'm' flag for dynamic allocation. Update page to cover it and relegate the glibc-specific 'a' flag to NOTES. strtol.3 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Replace some bogus text about "thousands separator" See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=652870 sysconf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Use "_SC_PAGESIZE" consistently on page s/_SC_PAGE_SIZE/_SC_PAGESIZE/ in one instance. From Red Hat downstream patch. nscd.conf.5 Peter Schiffer Add max-db-size and auto-propagate descriptions, default values, + misc * added missing valid services (services and netgroup) * added many default values for options * reordered options according to the nscd.conf file (logical order) * added 2 missing options: max-db-size and auto-propagate nsswitch.conf.5 Peter Schiffer Mention initgroups db proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/profile Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Update /proc/sys/fs/file-nr to include Linux 2.6 details Michael Kerrisk Clarify relationship between file-max and file-nr The third value in /proc/sys/fs/file-nr is the same as the value in /proc/sys/fs/file-max. Michael Kerrisk Note message written to kernel log when file-max limit is hit Info from Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt. Michael Kerrisk Mention lscpu(1) under discussion of /proc/cpuinfo resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Document "single-request-reopen" option Taken from Red Hat downstream patch See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=717770 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/3161 utmp.5 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add utmpdump(1) cpuset.7 Simon Paillard Add missing 'cpuset.' prefix for some flags See kernel commit e21a05cb408bb9f244f11a0813d4b355dad0822e svipc.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add ipcmk(1), ipcrm(1), ipcs(1) termio.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add reset(1), setterm(1), stty(1), tty(4) ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] LD_VERBOSE does not work with ld.so --list and --verify From Red Hat downstream patch See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=532629 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sln(8) zdump.8 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Bring up to date with zdump --help Patch taken from Red Hat downstream. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.48 ==================== Released: 2013-03-05, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andrey Vagin Aristeu Rozanski Colin Walters Cyril Hrubis Cyrill Gorcunov Daniel P. Berrange David Prévot D. Barbier Denys Vlasenko Flavio Leitner Graham Gower Ivana Varekova Kai Kunschke Marcela Maslanova Marc Lehmann Marshel Abraham Michael Kerrisk Nathan Stratton Treadway Pavel Emelyanov Peter Schiffer Simon Heimberg Simon Paillard Török Edwin Ulrich Drepper Zack Weinberg Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- getunwind.2 Marcela Maslanova New page documenting getunwind(2) Taken from Red Hat downstream man pages set Michael Kerrisk Much rewriting Some text taken from arch/ia64/kernel/unwind.c. perfmonctl.2 Ivana Varekova New page documenting IA-64-specific perfmonctl(2) Taken from Red Hat downstream man pages Michael Kerrisk Rework discussion of PFM_CREATE_CONTEXT Add VERSIONS and CONFORMING TO Note that there is no glibc wrapper Remove PFM_CREATE_EVTSETS, PFM_DELETE_EVTSETS, PFM_GETINFO_EVTSETS These don't exist, and it appears they never have. Fix argument types for PFM_WRITE_PMCS, PFM_WRITE_PMDS, PFM_READ_PMDS The types that were being used don't exist! Briefly document PFM_GET_FEATURES, PFM_DEBUG, PFM_GET_PMC_RESET_VAL gai.conf.5 Ulrich Drepper New page documenting gai.conf Taken from Red Hat downstream pages nss.5 Ulrich Drepper New page describing nss.conf Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- clock_getres.2 Cyril Hrubis Document CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE and CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE Cyril Hrubis Document CLOCK_BOOTTIME Michael Kerrisk Some improvements to CLOCK_BOOTTIME description ptrace.2 Denys Vlasenko Document PTRACE_GETREGSET, PTRACE_SETREGSET, PTRACE_SEIZE, and friends Document PTRACE_GETREGSET, PTRACE_SETREGSET, PTRACE_SEIZE, PTRACE_INTERRUPT, and PTRACE_LISTEN. New and changed links --------------------- fattach.2 fdetach.2 getmsg.2 isastream.2 putmsg.2 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] New link to unimplemented.2 Taken from Red Hat downstream. See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=436407 Global changes -------------- Many pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SH headings Many pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SS headings Many pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: use consistent capitalization in .SS headings Capitalization in .SS sections across pages (and sometimes even within a single page) is wildly inconsistent. Make it consistent. Capitalize first word in heading, but otherwise use lower case, except where English usage (e.g., proper nouns) or programming language requirements (e.g., identifier names) dictate otherwise. Many pages Michael Kerrisk [Denys Vlasenko] Remove double blank lines in output Various pages Michael Kerrisk Fix order of SH sections Changes to individual pages --------------------------- accept.2 Michael Kerrisk NAME: Add "accept4" access.2 Colin Walters Note that access() may also fail for FUSE Since in some cases (e.g. libguestfs's guestmount) it also has the semantics where files can appear owned by root, but are actually mutable by the user, despite what one might infer from the Unix permissions. getpeername.2 Michael Kerrisk [Kai Kunschke] Clarify semantics of getpeername() for datagram sockets See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=674034 getuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove duplicate section heading mmap.2 Cyril Hrubis Add note about partial page in BUGS section This adds a note about Linux behavior with partial page at the end of the object. The problem here is that a page that contains only part of a file (because the file size is not multiple of PAGE_SIZE) stays in page cache even after the mapping is unmapped and the file is closed. So if some process dirties such page, other mappings will see the changes rather than zeroes. Michael Kerrisk [Török Edwin] Some 'flags' values require a feature test macro to be defined Add text to NOTES noting that some MAP_* constants are defined only if a suitable feature test macro is defined. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=542601 Cyril Hrubis Document EOVERFLOW error open.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify list of file creation flags POSIX.1-2008 TC1 clarified this, so that O_CLOEXEC, O_DIRECTORY, and O_NOFOLLOW are also in this list. prctl.2 Cyrill Gorcunov Add some details for PR_GET_TID_ADDRESS read.2 Michael Kerrisk [Zack Weinberg] Clarify interaction of count==0 and error checking POSIX deliberately leaves this case open, so the man page should be less specific about what happens. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=533232 Michael Kerrisk [Marc Lehmann] Remove crufty text about O_NONBLOCK on files See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=700529 Michael Kerrisk Clarify details for seekable files unimplemented.2 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Add various STREAMS interfaces to NAME Taken from Red Hat downstream. See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=436407 cexp2.3 Michael Kerrisk Still does not exist in glibc 2.17 exit.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that a call to execve() clears exit handler registrations getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add gai.conf(5) malloc_trim.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove duplicate section title printf.3 Marshel Abraham [Graham Gower, Graham Gower] Fix error handling in example code See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23282 pthread_yield.3 Michael Kerrisk [Aristeu Rozanski] Add _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro to SYNOPSIS resolver.3 resolv.conf.5 Michael Kerrisk [Nathan Stratton Treadway, Simon Heimberg] RES_DEBUG is only available if glibc is compiled with debug support See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=692136 and https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43061 strtol.3 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Remove crufty text from previous fix core.5 Michael Kerrisk Document CONFIG_COREDUMP capabilities.7 Andrey Vagin Nonexistent bits are no longer shown as set in /proc/PID/status Cap* inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk A monitoring process can't easily distinguish events triggered by itself ip.7 Flavio Leitner [Peter Schiffer] Improve explanation about calling listen() or connect() man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Describe rules for capitalization in .SS headings rtnetlink.7 Pavel Emelyanov Add info about ability to create links with given index Since kernel v3.7 the RTM_NEWLINK message now accepts nonzero values in ifi_index field. Mention this fact in the respective rtnetlink.7 section. socket.7 Pavel Emelyanov SO_BINDTODEVICE is now readable SO_BINDTODEVICE is readable since since kernel 3.8. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.49 ==================== Released: 2013-03-10, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Michael Kerrisk Global changes -------------- The goal of the changes below to consistently format copyright and license information in the comments in the page source at the top of each page. This allows for easy scripting to extract that information. Following these changes the comments the top of the page source should now consistently have the form: .\" .\" .\" %%%LICENSE_START() .\" .\" %%%LICENSE_END .\" Note that the 'license-type' is merely descriptive. Its purpose is to simplify scripting for the purpose of gathering statistics on types of licenses used in man-pages. It is NOT a statement about the actual licensing of the page; that license is contain INSIDE the LICENSE_START...LICENSE_END clause. All pages Michael Kerrisk Add a LICENSE_START()...LICENSE_END clause in source at top of each page that encapsulates the license text. Michael Kerrisk Put copyright info at top of page, followed by blank line and LICENSE Various pages Michael Kerrisk Update info in source comments on where to get a copy of the GPL Various pages Michael Kerrisk Remove "Hey Emacs" comment in page source Only certain pages have this; there is no consistency, so remove it from all pages Michael Kerrisk Remove "-*- nroff -*-" comment at top of source ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.50 ==================== Released: 2013-03-15, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andrey Vagin Bernhard Kuemel Elie De Brauwer Erik Saule Florian Weimer Friedrich Delgado Friedrichs Jonathan Nieder Jose Luis Domingo Lopez Mark R Bannister Michael Kerrisk Sam Varshavchik Simon Paillard Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- canonicalize_file_name.3 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite page, adding much more detail Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/END_LICENSE/LICENSE_END/ Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/bitmask/bit mask/ Changes to individual pages --------------------------- getent.1 Mark R Bannister netgroup description incorrectly refers to initgroups capget.2 Michael Kerrisk Update URL for libcap fork.2 Michael Kerrisk Port access permission bits (ioperm()) are turned off in the child futex.2 Michael Kerrisk 'timeout' is a minimum duration that the call will wait, not a maximum ioperm.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that iopl() level of 3 is needed to access ports Michael Kerrisk 'num' is *bits* not bytes! Michael Kerrisk Linux 2.6.8 lifted the port limit to 65,536 See http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/202624/ From: Stas Sergeev aknet.ru> Subject: [patch][rfc] Larger IO bitmap Date: 2004-05-07 19:55:03 GMT Michael Kerrisk ioperm() operates on the calling *thread* (not process) Michael Kerrisk Clarify meaning of 'turn_on' argument Plus form formatting fixes. Michael Kerrisk Clarify that default state of permission bits in child is off Michael Kerrisk NOTES: add mention of /proc/ioports Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add outb(2) iopl.2 Michael Kerrisk CAP_SYS_RAWIO is required to *raise* the I/O privilege level Michael Kerrisk Clarify that the two least significant bits of 'level' are what matter Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add outb(2) syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add version information for all (other) syscalls Michael Kerrisk Add perfmonctl(2) futimes.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jonathan Nieder] ERRORS: Add ENOSYS for lutimes() See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=620746 getpass.3 Michael Kerrisk [Erik Saule] Suggest use of the ECHO flag as an alternative See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=644261 realpath.3 Michael Kerrisk Document GNU extensions for EACCES and ENOENT errors stdarg.3 Michael Kerrisk [Friedrich Delgado Friedrichs] Describe va_copy() See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=575077 termios.3 Michael Kerrisk [Bernhard Kuemel] Mention that noncanonical mode does not do input processing See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=643854 random.4 Elie De Brauwer Document write and document the ioctl interface of /dev/random The update consists out of two parts: - a minor thing which just documents what happens if a write to /dev/(u)random is performed, which is used in the example script but not explicitly mentioned. - the other (biggest) part is the documentation of the ioctl() interface which /dev/(u)random exposes. This ioctl() lives in drivers/char/random.c and the primitives can be found in include/linux/random.h One comment remains, there used to be an RNDGETPOOL ioctl() which disappeared in v2.6.9. I found two patches on the net: - http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/akpm/patches/2.6/2.6.8.1/2.6.8.1-mm4/broken-out/dev-random-remove-rndgetpool-ioctl.patch - https://lkml.org/lkml/2004/3/25/168 But as far as I can tell the first one got applied but the 2nd one seems more correct. The result is that even today one can still find traces of the RNDGETPOOL ioctl() in the header files. Is this there for historical reasons or because it might break userspace, even though using it will just give an EINVAL. bootparam.7 Jose Luis Domingo Lopez Document 'rootfstype' option See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182014 capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Add various pieces under CAP_SYS_RAWIO Info obtained by grepping the kernel source. Michael Kerrisk Add CAP_SYS_RESOURCE /proc/PID/oom_score_adj case netlink.7 Andrey Vagin Add a note about broadcast messages to multiple groups socket.7 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer] Define _GNU_SOURCE to obtain the definition of 'struct ucred' See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=572210 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.51 ==================== Released: 2013-04-17, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andreas Jaeger Andrew Clayton Brian M. Carlson Changhee Han Cyril Hrubis Damien Grassart David Prévot Denis Barbier Jeff Moyer Krzysztof Konopko Kyle McMartin Mark H Weaver Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Nicolas Hillegeer Pavel Emelyanov Peter Schiffer Radek Pazdera Ralph Loader Simon Paillard The Wanderer Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- sched_rr_get_interval.2 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/sched_rr_timeslice_ms proc.5 Pavel Emelyanov Document /proc/[pid]/map_files directory This directory was added in Linux v3.3 and provides info about files being mmap-ed in a way very similar to how /proc/[pid]/fd works. v2: Added examples of how links look like and noted dependency on kernel config option CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE. Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/shm_rmid_forced capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/cap_last_cap Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: fix placement of word "only" Various pages Simon Paillard License headers: consistent format Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/since kernel/since Linux/ Various System V IPC pages in Section 2 Michael Kerrisk Add "System V" to .TH line and text Make it clear that these pages relate to System V IPC, not POSIX IPC. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 Michael Kerrisk [The Wanderer] Clarify RETURN VALUE for F_OK See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=705293 alarm.2 Michael Kerrisk Correct the description of behavior when 'seconds' is 0 clone.2 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer] Add prototype for syscall to SYNOPSIS And further clarify the distinction between the system call and the wrapper function in the introductory text. Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements The requirements quietly changed changed in glibc 2.14 See also http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=4749 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Clarify differences between clone2() syscall and wrapper function Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Note those architectures where the sys_clone argument order differs Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Add short subsection noting that blackfin, m68k, and sparc are different Michael Kerrisk Move clone2() text to subsection in description The description of ia64 clone2() should follow the discussion of the raw system call interface. Michael Kerrisk Change subhead for ia64 discussion getcpu.2 Michael Kerrisk Recommend that 'tcache' should be specified as NULL nowadays io_cancel.2 Jeff Moyer, Michael Kerrisk [Cyril Hrubis] Improve description io_destroy.2 Jeff Moyer Improve description The description was rather vague, citing a "list of I/O contexts" and stating that it "can" cancel outstanding requests. This update makes things more concrete so that the reader knows exactly what's going on. io_getevents.2 Jeff Moyer The 'timeout' argument is not updated I looked back through the kernel code, and the timeout was never updated in any case. I've submitted a patch upstream to change the comment above io_getevents. io_setup.2 Jeff Moyer Clarify nr_events nr_events is technically the number of completion events that can be stored in the completion ring. The wording of the man page: "capable of receiving at least nr_events" seems dubious to me, only because I worry that folks might interpret that to mean 'nr_events' total, instead of 'nr_events' concurrently. Further, I've added information on where to find the per-user limit on 'nr_events', /proc/sys/fs/aio-max-nr. Let me know if you think that is not relevant. listxattr.2 Michael Kerrisk Explain use of 'size' argument lseek.2 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Jaeger] _GNU_SOURCE must be defined to get SEEK_DATE and SEEK_HOLE definitions See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15312 mmap.2 Michael Kerrisk Add pointers to relevant /proc files described in proc(5) posix_fadvise.2 pread.2 readahead.2 sync_file_range.2 truncate.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer to syscall(2) for ABI semantics on certain 32-bit architectures Also: in sync_file_range.2 and posix_fadvise.2 remove description of conventional calling signature as flawed, and in posix_fadvise.2, de-emphasize focus on ARM, and rather phrase as a more general discussion of certain architectures. readdir.2 Michael Kerrisk readdir(2) doesn't exist on x86-64 semop.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify the discussion of 'semadj' shmctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Refer to proc(5) for description of /proc/sys/kernel/shm_rmid_forced syscall.2 Changhee Han Add notes that caution users when passing arguments to syscall() For example, passing 'long long' on ARM-32 requires special treatment. Mike Frysinger [Michael Kerrisk] Document the exact calling convention for architecture system calls Mike Frysinger [Kyle McMartin] Add PA-RISC details under calling conventions Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Refine discussion of ARM and other ABIs syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Update kernel version number at start of list umask.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add acl(5) unshare.2 Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements The requirements quietly changed changed in glibc 2.14 See also http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=4749 fopencookie.3 Michael Kerrisk [Ralph Loader] Correct definition of cookie_io_functions_t pthread_setname_np.3 Andrew Clayton The thread argument is passed in by value readir.3 seekdir.3 telldir.3 Michael Kerrisk Eliminate the implication that these functions deal with "offsets" The directory position dealt with by the readdir() and friends is not a simple file offset in modern file systems. Typically, it is some kind of cookie value. Add text and make other changes to these pages to eliminate the implication that this is an offset, and warn the reader that directory positions should be treated strictly as opaque values. In the process, rename the 'offset' argument of seekdir(3) to 'loc', and add some text to readdir(3) to note that the 'd_off' field is the same value returned by telldir(3) at the current directory position. See also https://lwn.net/Articles/544298/ scalb.3 Mark H Weaver Fix prototypes for scalbf() and scalbl() sched_getcpu.3 Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements The requirements quietly changed changed in glibc 2.14 See also http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=4749 ualarm.3 Michael Kerrisk [Nicolas Hillegeer] Add note on the behavior when 'usecs' is zero POSIX.1-2001 does not specify the behavior in this case and no other system that I checked documented the behavior. Probably, most or all systems do what Linux does in this case: cancel any pending alarm, just as alarm(0) does. Add that info in NOTES. elf.5 Mike Frysinger Add byte positions for all EI_xxx fields When describing e_ident, most of the EI_xxx defines mention the exact byte number. This is useful when manually hacking an ELF with a hex editor. However, the last few fields don't do this, which means you have to count things up yourself. Add a single word to each so you don't have to do that. proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Refer to sched_rr_get_interval(2) for info on sched_rr_timeslice_ms Since Linux 3.9, /proc/sys/kernel/sched_rr_timeslice_ms can be used to change the SCHED_RR quantum. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add sysctl(8) Krzysztof Konopko Simplify the example of printing out environ The binutils package contains a very handy utility to print out null-byte delimited strings from a file. This can replace a rather complex expression with cat(1) provided as an example for printing out /proc/[pid]/environ. Michael Kerrisk Update /proc/PID/maps example Update to 64-bit example that includes "[heap]", "[stack], and "[vdso]" Michael Kerrisk Formatting fixes for /proc/PID/maps Mike Frysinger Document the "pathname" field of /proc/PID/maps Michael Kerrisk Add reference to capabilities(7) for /proc/sys/kernel/cap_last_cap Michael Kerrisk /proc/PID/maps: add a reference to mmap(2) ip.7 Radek Pazdera Document IP_MULTICAST_ALL This commit adds documentation for the IP_MULTICAST_ALL socket option. The option was added to the Linux kernel in 2.6.31: Author Nivedita Singhvi Commit f771bef98004d9d141b085d987a77d06669d4f4f The description is based on a previous one [3] posted by the original author of the code -- Nivedita, but it is slightly re-worded. I tested it myself and it works as described. References: [1] http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c#L972 [2] http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/net/ipv4/igmp.c#L2267 [3] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/28902/ units.7 Brian M. Carlson units should use an actual µ The units(7) man page uses an ASCII u in place of the actual Greek letter mu. Since we're in the twenty-first century, with UTF-8-compatible terminals and terminal emulators, we should use the actual letter µ instead of an ASCII approximation. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=704787 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.52 ==================== Released: 2013-07-04, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Adrian Bunk Andrea Remondini Anthony Foiani Brian Norris Cyril Hrubis Dan Jacobson David Prévot Eric S. Raymond Georg Sauthoff Jeff Moyer Jérémie Galarneau Jon Grant Manuel Traut Марк Коренберг Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Pavel Emelyanov Peng Haitao Peter LaDow Petr Gajdos Regid Siddhesh Poyarekar Simone Piccardi Simon Paillard Vince Weaver Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver Add PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP documentation The perf_event_open() ENABLE/DISABLE/RESET ioctls can take an argument, PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP. This wasn't documented at all until about a year ago (despite the support being there from the beginning) so I missed this when initially writing the man page. socket.7 Pavel Emelyanov, Michael Kerrisk Document SO_PEEK_OFF option Since Linux 3.4 there appeared an ability to specify the offset in bytes from which the data will be MSG_PEEK-ed. Describe this socket option in the socket(7) page, where all the other socket options are described. Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Convert inline formatting (\fX...\fP) to dot-directive formatting readdir.2 asprintf. getline.3 getlogin.3 pthread_setname_np.3 readdir.3 strerror.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Clarify that terminating null byte is '\0' Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 Peter LaDow Add envp to the Linux notes about NULL pointers During the review of static analysis results, we discovered a functional, but non-portable, use of execve(). For example: char *cmd[] = { "/path/to/some/file", NULL }; execve(cmd[0], cmd, NULL); The call succeeds. Yet, the static analysis tool (rightly) pointed out that envp could be dereferenced. But digging into glibc and the kernel, it appears that like argv, envp when NULL is treated as if it were an empty list. So, to clear things up, I'm submitting this patch to update the man page to indicate that envp is treated like argv. fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error io_setup.2 Cyril Hrubis [Jeff Moyer] Clarify the nr_events parameter Currently the io_setup.2 man page describes what the kernel really does, i.e., that the resulting context may be able to hold more than the 'nr_event's operations because the memory allocated in kernel is rounded to be multiple of page size. It is better not to expose this implementation detail and simply state that the resulting context is suitable for 'nr_events' operations. perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver Clarify the perf_event_open() wakeup_events/wakeup_watermark fields Clarify the perf_event_open() wakeup_events/wakeup_watermark fields a bit, based on info from kernel commit cfeb1d90a1b1. Vince Weaver Update to match the Linux 3.10 release This patch updates the perf_event_open() documentation to include new interfaces added in the 3.10 kernel. It also documents a few [To be documented] instances left over from the 3.7 kernel. Vince Weaver Small correction to description of 'flags' argument prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note equivalents of PR_SET_NAME pthread_setname_np() and pthread_getname_np() and /proc/self/task/TID/comm provide access to the same attribute. pread.2 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг] pread() and pwrite() are especially useful in multithreaded applications recv.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error semctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] 'sem_nsems' is 'unsigned long' since Linux 2.4 shmget.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite RETURN VALUE and mention that 'errno' is set on error sigaction.2 Michael Kerrisk [Brian Norris] RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error signal.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error sigpending.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error sigprocmask.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error sigsuspend.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error syscall.2 Mike Frysinger Document s390/s390x calling convention a64l.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function l64a() is not thread safe. abs.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions abs(), labs(), llabs() and imaxabs() are thread-safe. aio_error.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function aio_error() is thread safe. aio_return.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function aio_return() is thread safe. alloca.3 Adrian Bunk Correct information on getting non-inlined version with gcc+glibc - remove the incorrect information that -fno-builtin would help - add -std=c11 to the list of strict options - emphasize more that both the gcc option and not including alloca.h are needed - add the #ifdef from the glibc alloca.h to make the situation clearer bindresvport.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe Before glibc 2.17, bindresvport() is not thread-safe. Since glibc 2.17, it is thread-safe, the patch can refer to URL: http://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commit;h=f6da27e53695ad1cc0e2a9490358decbbfdff5e5 canonicalize_file_name.3 Michael Kerrisk Put CONFORMING TO section in right location catgets.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Clarify that null byte is '\0' ceil.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions ceil(), ceilf() and ceill() are thread safe. cimag.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions cimag(), cimagf() and cimagl() are thread safe. clock_getcpuclockid.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function clock_getcpuclockid() is thread safe. conj.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions conj(), conjf() and conjl() are thread safe. crypt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function crypt() is not thread safe. ctermid.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function ctermid() is thread safe with exceptions. dirfd.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error drand48.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions drand48(), erand48(), lrand48(), nrand48(), mrand48(), jrand48(), srand48(), seed48() and lcong48() are not thread safe. ecvt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions ecvt() and fcvt() return a string located in a static buffer which is overwritten by the next call to the functions, so they are not thread-safe. encrypt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions encrypt() and setkey() are not thread safe. ether_aton.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions ether_aton() and ether_ntoa() are not thread safe. fcloseall.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function fcloseall() is not thread safe. ferror.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions ferror(), clearerr(), feof() and fileno() are thread safe. fgetgrent.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error fgetpwent.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error fgetwc.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error fmtmsg.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe Before glibc 2.16, fmtmsg() is not thread-safe. Since glibc 2.16, it is thread-safe, the patch can refer to URL: http://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commit;h=7724defcf8873116fe4efab256596861eef21a94 fputwc.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error getdate.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe getgrent.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function getgrent() is not thread safe. getgrnam.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe getline.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error getlogin.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function getlogin() is not thread safe. The function cuserid() is thread-safe with exceptions. Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error getpass.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe getpwent.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function getpwent() is not thread safe. getpwnam.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe getspnam.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error getttyent.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe getusershell.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions getusershell(), setusershell() and endusershell() are not thread safe. getutent.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error hsearch.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error hsearch.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions hsearch(), hcreate() and hdestroy() are not thread-safe. localeconv.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The function localeconv() returns a pointer to a structure which might be overwritten by subsequent calls to localeconv() or by calls to setlocale(), so it is not thread-safe. Peng Haitao Add RETURN VALUE section malloc_info.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error mblen.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function mblen() is not thread safe. mbrlen.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function mbrlen() is thread safe with exceptions. mbrtowc.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function mbrtowc() is thread safe with exceptions. mktemp.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error modf.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions modf(), modff() and modfl() are thread safe. popen.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3 Michael Kerrisk Note the scheduling attributes affected by this function pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 pthread_attr_setscope.3 Michael Kerrisk [Manuel Traut, Siddhesh Poyarekar] The inherit-scheduler attribute must be set to PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED In order for the attributes set by these functions to have an effect, the caller must use pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3) to set the inherit-scheduler attribute of the attributes object to PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED. ptsname.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function ptsname() is not thread safe. putenv.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error putpwent.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error qecvt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions qecvt() and qfcvt() are not thread-safe. random.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error Michael Kerrisk Add EINVAL error for setstate() Michael Kerrisk BUGS: initstate() does not return NULL on error http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15380 random_r.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error readdir.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The data returned by readdir() may be overwritten by subsequent calls to readdir() for the same directory stream, so it is not thread-safe. re_comp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions re_comp() and re_exec() are not thread safe. rexec.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions rexec() and rexec_af() are not thread safe. round.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions round(), roundf() and roundl() are thread safe. scalbln.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions scalbn(), scalbnf(), scalbnl(), scalbln(), scalblnf() and scalblnl() are thread safe. scandir.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error siginterrupt.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error signbit.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note macro that is thread-safe The macro signbit() is thread safe. sigsetops.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error stdio_ext.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe The functions __fbufsize(), __fpending(), __fpurge() and __fsetlocking() are not thread safe. strdup.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error strerror.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function strerror() is not thread safe. strftime.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify details of return value Michael Kerrisk BUGS: 'errno' is not set if the result string would exceed 'max' bytes strtok.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function strtok() is not thread safe. Michael Kerrisk [Georg Sauthoff] Add more detail on the operation of strtok() Add a number of missing details on the operation of strtok() tempnam.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error timegm.3 Jérémie Galarneau copy the string returned by getenv() The example of a portable version of timegm() uses the string returned by getenv() after calling setenv() on the same environment variable. The tz string may be invalid as per getenv.3: "The string pointed to by the return value of getenv() may be statically allocated, and can be modified by a subsequent call to getenv(), putenv(3), setenv(3), or unsetenv(3)." tmpnam.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function tmpnam() is thread safe with exceptions. trunc.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions trunc(), truncf() and truncl() are thread safe. ttyname.3 Michael Kerrisk ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe ttyslot.3 Michael Kerrisk ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe usleep.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error wcsdup.3 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error core.5 Michael Kerrisk Implicitly adding the PID to a core filename was dropped in 2.6.27 proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/[pid]/fd/ anon_inode symlinks Mike Frysinger Document /proc/[pid]/fd/ symlinks a bit more Describe the type:[inode] syntax used in this dir bootparam.7 Michael Kerrisk [Dan Jacobson] Remove outdated text on LILO and LoadLin Strike the discussion of LILO and LoadLin, which are long obsolete, and make a brief mention of GRUB. See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=604019 Regid Remove mention of the deprecated rdev(8) The deprecated rdev(8) command was removed from util-linux in 2010. See https://git.kernel.org/?p=utils/util-linux/util-linux.git;a=commit;h=a3e40c14651fccf18e7954f081e601389baefe3fO Andrea Remondini Document the 'resume' boot parameter inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Clarify that null byte is '\0' iso_8859-2.7 Eric S. Raymond Remove incorrect reference to nonexistent groff glyph \[shc] The reference incorrectly attempted to duplicate an actual soft hyphen (hex 0xad) just before it in the file. man-pages.7 Peng Haitao Add description of "ATTRIBUTES" "ATTRIBUTES" section can mention thread safety, cancellation safety, and async-cancel-safety. socket.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'optval' for socket options is an 'int' in most cases tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'optval' for socket options is an 'int' in most cases udp.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'optval' for socket options is an 'int' in most cases ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.53 ==================== Released: 2013-07-31, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Al Viro Andrey Vagin Benjamin Poirier Chris Heath Chuck Coffing David Prévot Denys Vlasenko Dmitry V. Levin Felix Schulte Graud Michael Kerrisk Oleg Nesterov Peng Haitao Peter Schiffer Simon Paillard Vince Weaver Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- restart_syscall.2 Michael Kerrisk New page for restart_syscall(2) system call Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fchownat.2 Michael Kerrisk Document AT_EMPTY_PATH fstatat.2 Michael Kerrisk Document AT_EMPTY_PATH linkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Document AT_EMPTY_PATH open.2 Michael Kerrisk [Al Viro] Document O_PATH See also https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=885740 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_nanosleep.2 futex.2 nanosleep.2 poll.2 sigaction.2 sigreturn.2 signal.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add restart_syscall(2) open.2 Michael Kerrisk [Geoffrey Thomas] Remove warning that O_DIRECTORY is only for use with opendir(3) O_DIRECTORY can also be used with, for example, O_PATH. perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver Improve PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK documentation Vince Weaver Fix indentation of the MMAP layout section The indentation of the MMAP layout section wasn't quite right. I think this improves things but I admit I'm not an expert at the low-level indentation directives. Vince Weaver Update PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP info It turns out PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP was broken from 75f937f24bd9 (in Linux 2.6.31, the initial perf_event release) until 724b6daa1 (Linux 3.4). I've done some extensive kernel source code digging plus running tests of various kernels and I hope the info presented is accurate now. (Patch edited somewhat by mtk.) Vince Weaver Improve sysfs files documentation This improves the documentation of the various perf_event_open()-related sysfs files. ptrace.2 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Dmitry V. Levin] If SEIZE was used, initial auto-attach stop is EVENT_STOP For every PTRACE_O_TRACEfoo option, mention that old-style SIGSTOP is replaced by PTRACE_EVENT_STOP if PTRACE_SEIZE attach was used. Mention the same thing again in the description of PTRACE_EVENT_STOP. Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Dmitry V. Levin] Mention that PTRACE_PEEK* libc API and kernel API are different Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Dmitry V. Levin] Clarify PTRACE_INTERRUPT, PTRACE_LISTEN, and group-stop behavior readlink.2 Michael Kerrisk Document use of empty 'pathname' argument Michael Kerrisk Change error check in example program from "< 0" to "== -1" Chuck Coffing Fix possible race condition in readlink.2 example I noticed that the example in the readlink.2 man pages does error checking for a race condition that would cause the value of the symbolic link to get larger. However, it doesn't handle the opposite case, in which the value gets shorter. (The NULL terminator is always set at the old, longer offset.) This could cause the program to operate on uninitialized data. setpgid.2 Michael Kerrisk [Graud] s/SIGTSTP/SIGTTIN/ when discussing reads from terminal See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60504 clog2.3 Michael Kerrisk Note that these functions are still not present in glibc 2.17 dirfd.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function dirfd() is thread safe. div.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions div(), ldiv(), lldiv() and imaxdiv() are thread safe. fabs.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions fabs(), fabsf() and fabsl() are thread safe. fdim.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions fdim(), fdimf() and fdiml() are thread safe. fflush.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function fflush() is thread safe. finite.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions finite(), finitef(), finitel(), isinf(), isinff(), isinfl(), isnan(), isnanf() and isnanl() are thread safe. flockfile.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions flockfile(), ftrylockfile() and funlockfile() are thread safe. floor.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions floor(), floorf() and floorl() are thread safe. resolv.conf.5 Simon Paillard Explain how to set empty domain See http://bugs.debian.org/463575 capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Add open_by_handle_at(2) under CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk [Felix Schulte] Clarify description of IN_MOVED_FROM and IN_MOVED_TO man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk DESCRIPTION should note versions for new interface features or behavior udp.7 Benjamin Poirier Add missing #include directive Using the UDP_CORK socket option documented in udp.7 requires including . ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk Rework rpath token expansion text Michael Kerrisk Describe $PLATFORM rpath token Michael Kerrisk Describe $LIB rpath token Michael Kerrisk Document LD_BIND_NOT Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard] Add reference to pthreads(7) in discussion of LD_ASSUME_KERNEL ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.54 ==================== Released: 2013-09-17, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: A. Costa Akihiro MOTOKI Andreas Wiese Andrew Hunter Chen Gang Christopher Hall Christos Tsopokis David Prévot D. Barbier Doug Goldstein Elie De Brauwer Eugen Dedu Felix Janda G.raud Hannes Landeholm J. Bruce Fields J. Bruce Fields Johan Erlandsson Jon Grant Magnus Reftel Marko Myllynen Michael Kerrisk Oleg Nesterov Peng Haitao Peter Schiffer Robert Harris Rodrigo Campos Simon Paillard Stas Vince Weaver Will Newton Zdenek Pavlas Zsbán Ambrus Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- ioctl_list.2 Zsbán Ambrus Document FAT_IOCTL_GET_ATTRIBUTES The attached patch adds four ioctls from linux/msdos_fs.h to the ioctl_list(2) manpage. The ioctl FAT_IOCTL_GET_ATTRIBUTES reads FAT attributes of a file a mounted vfat file system. I tested this on Linux 2.6.33, an example script can be found at http://www.perlmonks.com/?node_id=832623 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix: s/file system/filesystem/ Notwithstanding 24d01c530c5a3f75217543d02bf6712395e5f90c, "filesystem" is the form used by the great majority of man pages outside the man-pages project and in a number of other sources, so let's go with that. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- access.2 J. Bruce Fields Fix outdated NFS information Note that NFS versions since version 3 support an "access" call so that the client doesn't have to guess permissions or ID mapping on its own. (See RFC 1813 sections 1.7 and 3.3.4.) adjtimex.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add adjtimex(8) clock_getres.2 Michael Kerrisk [Rodrigo Campos] Note circumstances in which "SMP" note applies. Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version for CLOCK_*_CPUTIME_ID CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID appeared in 2.6.12. Michael Kerrisk Add VERSIONS section futex.2 Michael Kerrisk The 'timeout' can be rounded upwards by clock granularity and also overrun kill.2 Michael Kerrisk Small improvements to text on historical rules for permissions nfsservctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note commands that were only in Linux 2.4.x and earlier open.2 Robert Harris Add mmap(2) to list of calls that fail when given an O_PATH descriptor Doug Goldstein Add EINVAL to errors list EINVAL can be returned by open(2) when the underlying filesystem doesn't support O_DIRECT. It is documented in the NOTES section but this patch adds it to the list of possible errors. perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK updates This started out as just adding the new perf_event_open features from Linux 3.11 (which was the addition of transactional memory defines for PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK samples) but turned into a general cleanup of the PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK documentation. The main clarification is that at least one of the non-privilege values must be set or else perf_event_open() will return an EINVAL error. Michael Kerrisk Reorder text describing fields of 'perf_event_header' structure Place the fields with the shorter descriptions first, to make the information easier to read. poll.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording of 'timeout' as a "minimum" interval sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk [Christos Tsopokis] Clarify that these system calls affect a per-thread attribute sched_setparam.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that this system call applies to threads (not processes) sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that this system call applies to threads (not processes) select.2 Michael Kerrisk [G.raud] Clarify wording of 'timeout' as a "minimum" interval setfsgid.2 Michael Kerrisk [Oleg Nesterov] Clarify description of return value More clearly describe the weirdness in the return value of this system call, and note the problems it creates in BUGS Michael Kerrisk Correct header file in SYNOPSIS Michael Kerrisk Refer to setfsuid(2) for an explanation of why setfsgid() is obsolete Michael Kerrisk Wording improvements setfsuid.2 Michael Kerrisk [Oleg Nesterov] Clarify description of return value More clearly describe the weirdness in the return value of this system call, and note the problems it creates in BUGS Michael Kerrisk [Chen Gang] Clarify historical details and note that setfsuid() is obsolete Michael Kerrisk Wording improvements Michael Kerrisk Correct header file in SYNOPSIS sigwaitinfo.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording of 'timeout' as a "minimum" interval syscall.2 Johan Erlandsson Add missing argument in example Johan Erlandsson Correct registers for arm/EABI Registers was off by one. Reference: http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/patches/viewpatch.php?id=3105/4 See also: http://peterdn.com/post/e28098Hello-World!e28099-in-ARM-assembly.aspx https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calling_convention#ARM wait.2 Michael Kerrisk [Hannes Landeholm] Add details on the fifth argument provided by raw waitid() system call See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60744 clock.3 Michael Kerrisk clock() switched from using times(2) to clock_gettime() in glibc 2.18 drand48_r.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions drand48_r(), erand48_r(), lrand48_r(), nrand48_r(), mrand48_r(), jrand48_r(), srand48_r(), seed48_r(), and lcong48_r() are thread safe. fma.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions fma(), fmaf() and fmal() are thread safe. fmax.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions fmax(), fmaxf() and fmaxl() are thread safe. fmin.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions fmin(), fminf() and fminl() are thread safe. fpclassify.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions fpclassify(), isfinite(), isnormal(), isnan(), and isinf() are thread safe. frexp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions frexp(), frexpf() and frexpl() are thread safe. gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] gai_strerror() is the modern replacement for herror() and hstrerror() Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements for herror() and hstrerror() Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements for h_errno ilogb.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions ilogb(), ilogbf() and ilogbl() are thread safe. ldexp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions ldexp(), ldexpf() and ldexpl() are thread safe. lrint.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions lrint(), lrintf(), lrintl(), llrint(), llrintf(), and llrintl() are thread safe. lround.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions lround(), lroundf(), lroundl(), llround(), llroundf() and llroundl() are thread safe. lseek64.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function lseek64() is thread safe. mbsinit.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function mbsinit() is thread safe. nextafter.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions nextafter(), nextafterf(), nextafterl(), nexttoward(), nexttowardf() and nexttowardl() are thread safe. posix_memalign.3 Michael Kerrisk [Will Newton] 'errno" is indeterminate after a call to posix_memalign() Michael Kerrisk [Will Newton] Clarify wording on "return value" when size==0 printf.3 Christopher Hall Correctly describe the meaning of a negative precision The printf(3) manpage says that a negative precision is taken to be zero, whereas printf(3p) says that a negative precision is taken as if the precision were omitted. glibc agrees with the latter (POSIX) specification. Test code: printf("%f\n",42.0); // "42.000000" printf("%.*f\n",0,42.0); // "42" printf("%.*f\n",-1,42.0); // "42.000000" This patch corrects the explanation to match what actually happens. rewinddir.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function rewinddir() is thread safe. rint.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions nearbyint(), nearbyintf(), nearbyintl(), rint(), rintf() and rintl() are thread safe. seekdir.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function seekdir() is thread safe. telldir.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function telldir() is thread safe. wctomb.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function wctomb() is not thread safe. wavelan.4 Michael Kerrisk [Elie De Brauwer] This driver disappeared in 2.56.35 dir_colors.5 Michael Kerrisk [Stas] Add various synonyms See http://bugs.debian.org/553477 Simon Paillard [Stas] Add keywords SUID, SGID, STICKY, STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE, OTHER_WRITABLE See http://bugs.debian.org/553477 See ls.c and dircolors.c in coreutils proc.5 Peter Schiffer Document /proc/[pid]/io file Attempt to document fields in the /proc/[pid]/io file, based on the Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. The text will probably need some grammar corrections. Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen] /proc/sys/fs/inode-max went away in Linux 2.4 Also, the 'preshrink' field in /proc/sys/fs/inode-state became a dummy value in Linux 2.4. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60836 Michael Kerrisk [A. Costa] Note block size used by /proc/partitions See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=666972 Michael Kerrisk Add rationale on drop_caches and note that it can hurt performance See also http://lwn.net/Articles/562211/ bootparam.7 Michael Kerrisk [Eugen Dedu] Remove "lilo" entries from SEE ALSO See http://bugs.debian.org/604019 inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add inotifywait(1) and inotifywatch(1) ip.7 Simon Paillard IP_MULTICAST_IF setsockopt recognizes struct mreq (compatibility) Kernel added compatibility only recently in 3a084ddb4bf299a6e898a9a07c89f3917f0713f7 See: http://bugs.debian.org/607979 standards.7 Michael Kerrisk Add mention of SUSv4-TC1 (POSIX.1-2013) ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.55 ==================== Released: 2013-12-12, Christchurch Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alfred Agrell Andreas Sandberg Christoph Hellwig David Gibson David Prévot Fabrice Bauzac Greg Price Jon Grant KOSAKI Motohiro Liu Jiaming Maxin B. John Michael Kerrisk Paolo Bonzini Peng Haitao Robert P. J. Day Rodrigo Campos Shawn Landden Trevor Bramwell Vince Weaver Yang Yang Yuanhang Zheng Yuri Kozlov janh Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- assert.3 assert_perror.3 rexec.3 rpc.3 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant] Reword a sentence to use more gender-neutral language Changes to individual pages --------------------------- execve.2 Michael Kerrisk 'arg...' for interpreter scripts starts with argv[1] fallocate.2 Christoph Hellwig Clarify the zeroing behavior fallocate() zeroes only space that did not previously contain data, but leaves existing data untouched. futex.2 Rodrigo Campos Fix link to Rusty's futex example library When I asked to webmaster@kernel.org, Konstantin Ryabitsev answered that the ".nl." is "an obsolete scheme and really should be changed to just ftp.kernel.org". getgroups.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that NGROUPS_MAX is defined in Michael Kerrisk Clarify that sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX) is a run-time technique Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/ngroups_max ioctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro, David Gibson] 'request' argument is typed as 'unsigned long' in glibc See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42705 perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver Linux 3.12 rdpmc/mmap It turns out that the perf_event mmap page rdpmc/time setting was broken, dating back to the introduction of the feature. Due to a mistake with a bitfield, two different values mapped to the same feature bit. A new somewhat backwards compatible interface was introduced in Linux 3.12. A much longer report on the issue can be found here: https://lwn.net/Articles/567894/ Vince Weaver Linux 3.12 adds PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER A new PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER sample type was added in Linux 3.12. Vince Weaver E2BIG documentation The following documents the E2BIG error return for perf_event_open(). I actually ran into this error the hard way and it took me half a day to figure out why my ->size value was changing. Vince Weaver Linux 3.12 adds PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID A new perf_event related ioctl, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID, was added in Linux 3.12. Vince Weaver PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY support Support for the PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY event type was added in Linux 3.12. Vince Weaver [Andreas Sandberg] PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD update The PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD ioctl was broken until 2.6.36, and it turns out that the ARM architecture has some differing behavior too. pipe.2 Trevor Bramwell Fix error in example program poll.2 Michael Kerrisk [Paolo Bonzini] Clarify meaning of events==0 events==0 does not mean that revents is always returned as zero. The "output only" events (POLLHUP, POLLERR, POLLNVAL) can still be returned. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=61911 readlink.2 Michael Kerrisk [Yuanhang Zheng] Fix typo in error message in example program recv.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove out-of-date statement that UNIX domain does not support MSG_TRUNC Should have removed that sentence as part of commit a25601b48b822eb1882ae336574b8d062a17e564 sched_get_priority_max.2 Michael Kerrisk Add SCHED_IDLE to discussion send.2 Michael Kerrisk RETURN VALUE: these calls return number of bytes (not characters) sent setreuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Small clarification to description of when saved set-user-ID is set sigpending.2 Michael Kerrisk Note treatment of signals that are blocked *and* ignored stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note filesystem support for nanosecond timestamps Add some detail on which native filesystems do and don't support nanosecond timestamps. Michael Kerrisk Cosmetic reworking of timestamp discussion in NOTES Michael Kerrisk [Yang Yang] Update discussion of nanosecond timestamps The existing text describes the timestamp fields as 'time_t' and delegates discussion of nanosecond timestamps under NOTES. Nanosecond timestamps have been around for a while now, and are in POSIX.1-2008, so reverse the orientation of the discussion, putting the nanosecond fields into DESCRIPTION and detailing the historical situation under NOTES. symlink.2 Michael Kerrisk Further fine tuning of argument names Follow-up to f2ae6dde0c68448bec986d12fe32268a2c98bfd9 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16073 Michael Kerrisk [Fabrice Bauzac] Give arguments of symlink() more meaningful names adjtime.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function adjtime() is thread safe. alloca.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function alloca() is thread safe. asinh.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions asinh(), asinhf() and asinhl() are thread safe. atan.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions atan(), atanf() and atanl() are thread safe. atof.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function atof() is thread safe with exceptions. atoi.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions atoi(), atol() and atoll() are thread safe with exceptions. bcmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function bcmp() is thread safe. bcopy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function bcopy() is thread safe. bsd_signal.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function bsd_signal() is thread safe. bzero.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function bzero() is thread safe. cbrt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions cbrt(), cbrtf() and cbrtl() are thread safe. copysign.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions copysign(), copysignf() and copysignl() are thread safe. cos.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions cos(), cosf() and cosl() are thread safe. cproj.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions cproj(), cprojf() and cprojl() are thread safe. creal.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions creal(), crealf() and creall() are thread safe. daemon.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function daemon() is thread safe. des_crypt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions ecb_crypt(), cbc_crypt() and des_setparity() are thread safe. difftime.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function difftime() is thread safe. dysize.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function dysize() is thread safe. erf.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions erf(), erff() and erfl() are thread safe. erfc.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions erfc(), erfcf() and erfcl() are thread safe. euidaccess.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions euidaccess() and eaccess() are thread safe. expm1.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions expm1(), expm1f() and expm1l() are thread safe. fexecve.3 Michael Kerrisk POSIX.1-2008 specifies fexecve() Michael Kerrisk Explain the use and rationale of fexecve() ftime.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function ftime() is thread safe. ftok.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function ftok() is thread safe. ftw.3 Michael Kerrisk nftw() visits directories with FTW_D if FTW_DEPTH was not specified Michael Kerrisk Explain probable cause of FTW_NS futimes.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions futimes() and lutimes() are thread safe. getaddrinfo.3 Michael Kerrisk Explain one use case for AI_ADDRCONFIG Michael Kerrisk Highlight difference in ai_flags when hints==NULL NOTES already described how glibc differs from POSIX. Add a pointer to that text from the point in DESCRIPTION where hints==NULL is discussed. kcmp.3 Shawn Landden Reword slightly awkward section malloc.3 Greg Price Scale back promises of alignment It's not true that the return value is suitably aligned for "any variable"; for example, it's unsuitable for a variable like float *x __attribute__ ((__vector_size__ (32))); which requires 32-byte alignment. Types like this are defined in , and with 16-byte alignment in and , so the application programmer need not even know that a vector_size attribute has been applied. On an x86 architecture, a program that loads from or stores to a pointer with this type derived from malloc can crash because GCC generates an aligned load/store, like MOVDQA. The C99 standard (TC3, as of N1256) does say the return value is suitably aligned for "any type of object". The C11 standard (as of N1570) revises this to any type with "fundamental alignment", which means an alignment "supported by the implementation in all contexts", which I suppose tautologically includes aligning malloc/realloc return values. The actual behavior of current glibc malloc is to align to the greater of 2 * sizeof(size_t) and __alignof__ (long double), which may be one bit greater than this commit promises. mq_receive.3 Michael Kerrisk [janh] msg_len must be greater than *or equal to* mq_msgsize See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=64571 setenv.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify that setenv() returns success in the overwrite==0 case sigsetops.3 Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day] Add 'const' to sigisemptyset(), sigorset(), sigandset() declarations Michael Kerrisk Rework text describing sigisemptyset(), sigorset(), and sigandset() statvfs.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions statvfs() and fstatvfs() are thread safe. stdarg.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe The macros va_start(), va_arg(), va_end() and va_copy() are thread safe. termios.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions tcgetattr(), tcsetattr(), tcsendbreak(), tcdrain(), tcflush(), tcflow(), cfmakeraw(), cfgetispeed(), cfgetospeed(), cfsetispeed(), cfsetospeed() and cfsetspeed() are thread safe. ungetwc.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function ungetwc() is thread safe. unlockpt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function unlockpt() is thread safe. usleep.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function usleep() is thread safe. wcpcpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcpcpy() is thread safe. wcscasecmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function wcscasecmp() is thread safe with exceptions. wcscat.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcscat() is thread safe. wcschr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcschr() is thread safe. wcscmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcscmp() is thread safe. wcscpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcscpy() is thread safe. wcscspn.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcscspn() is thread safe. wcslen.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcslen() is thread safe. wcsncasecmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function wcsncasecmp() is thread safe with exceptions. wcsncat.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsncat() is thread safe. wcsncmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsncmp() is thread safe. wcsncpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsncpy() is thread safe. wcsnlen.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsnlen() is thread safe. wcspbrk.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcspbrk() is thread safe. wcsrchr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsrchr() is thread safe. wcsspn.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsspn() is thread safe. wcsstr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcsstr() is thread safe. wcstoimax.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions wcstoimax() and wcstoumax() are thread safe with exceptions. wcstok.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcstok() is thread safe. wcswidth.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function wcswidth() is thread safe with exceptions. wctrans.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function wctrans() is thread safe with exceptions. wctype.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function wctype() is thread safe with exceptions. wcwidth.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function wcwidth() is thread safe with exceptions. wmemchr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wmemchr() is thread safe. wmemcmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wmemcmp() is thread safe. wmemcpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wmemcpy() is thread safe. wmemmove.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wmemmove() is thread safe. wmemset.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wmemset() is thread safe. tty_ioctl.4 Michael Kerrisk [Liu Jiaming] Note that 'arg' should be 0 in the usual case when using TIOCSCTTY Michael Kerrisk Rework text on root to discuss just in terms of capabilities proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/ngroups_max capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix 2 version numbers under "Effect of user ID changes on capabilities" feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Add _ISOC11_SOURCE to example program tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix (nontrivial) wordo in discussion of MSG_TRUNC s/MSG_PEEK/MSG_TRUNC/ ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk [Alfred Agrell] Fix crufty wording in one sentence ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.56 ==================== Released: 2014-01-11, Christchurch In memory of Doris Church (1939-2013) Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andre Majorel Arif Zaman Bert Wesarg Daniel Borkmann David Malcolm David Prévot Dongsheng Song Elie De Brauwer James Smith Janne Blomqvist Joseph S. Myers Luke Hutchison Marco Dione Mathieu Desnoyers Mathieu Malaterre Matthias Klose Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Moritz 'Morty' Strübe Nadav Har'El Ondřej Bílka Prádraig Brady Peng Haitao Raphael Geissert Shawn Landden Simon Paillard Stephen Kell Sudhanshu Goswami Sworddragon2 Vince Weaver Willem de Bruijn Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- fgetc.3 gets.3 David Malcolm Split gets(3) to isolate unsafe gets(3) to a page on its own Currently man3/gets.3 documents various safe I/O functions, along with the toxic "gets" function. At the risk of being melodramatic, this strikes me as akin to storing rat poison in a food cabinet, in the same style of packaging as the food, but with a post-it note on it saying "see warnings below". I think such "never use this" functions should be quarantined into their own manpages, rather than listing them alongside sane functions. The attached patch does this for "gets", moving the documentation of the good functions from man3/gets.3 into man3/fgetc.3, updating the SO links in the relevant functions to point at the latter. It then rewrites man3/gets.3 to spell out that "gets" is toxic and should never be used (with a link to CWE-242 for good measure). Michael Kerrisk [Andre Majorel] Tweaks to David Malcolm's patch vdso.7 Mike Frysinger New page documenting the vDSO mapped into each process by the kernel Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- reboot.2 Elie De Brauwer Document LINUX_REBOOT_SW_SUSPEND New and changed links --------------------- fgets.3 getc.3 getchar.3 ungetc.3 Michael Kerrisk Adjust links to gets(3) to point to fgetc(3) Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global fix of "NULL pointer" Change "NULL pointer" to "NULL" or null pointer". POSIX uses the term "null pointer", not "NULL pointer". Various pages Michael Kerrisk Stylistic changes to code example For ease of reading, don't embed assignments inside if(). Various pages Michael Kerrisk Replace uses of "i.e.," in main text with "that is" or similar Usual man-pages style is to use "i.e." only within parenthetical expressions. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Replace uses of "e.g." in main text with "for example" or similar Usual man-pages style is to use "e.g." only within parenthetical expressions. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Add "Program source" subheading under EXAMPLE Various pages Michael Kerrisk Add "static" to global variables and functions in example program Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clock_getres.2 Michael Kerrisk [Nadav Har'El] Improve description of CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=67291 close.2 Michael Kerrisk [P?draig Brady] Note that errors from close() should be used only for diagnosis In particular, retrying after EINTR is a bad idea. See http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=529 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lib.glibc.alpha/37702 Subject: [RFC][BZ #14627] Make linux close errno to EINPROGRESS when interrupted in signal. execve.2 Michael Kerrisk [Marco Dione] Add further cases to EFAULT error See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16402 perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver [Sudhanshu Goswami] Clarify issues with the disabled bit Clarify the perf_event_open behavior with respect to the disabled bit and creating event groups. Vince Weaver [Sudhanshu Goswami] Clarify issues with the exclusive bit Warn that using the perf_event_open "exclusive" bit, while it might seem like a good idea, might lead to all 0 results in some common usage cases. reboot.2 Elie De Brauwer Mention RB_POWER_OFF The manpage did not mention RB_POWER_OFF which is the glibc symbolic name for LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_POWER_OFF. $ cd /usr/include $ cat x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/reboot.h | grep POWER_OFF define RB_POWER_OFF 0x4321fedc Elie De Brauwer Add "Linux" to kernel version numbers Michael Kerrisk Add RB_SW_SUSPEND synonym Michael Kerrisk Add RB_KEXEC synonym setpgid.2 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers] BSD getpgrp() and setpgrp() go away in glibc 2.19 socket.2 Michael Kerrisk [Dongsheng Song] Remove crufty statement that AF_INET does not support SOCK_SEQPACKET Linux AF_INET supports SOCK_SEQPACKET via SCTP. syscall.2 Mike Frysinger Fix ia64 registers The original list of registers was created by confusing strace source code--this is for parsing legacy 32-bit code (which is dead and no one cares). Update the list to reflect native ia64 syscall interface. syscall.2 syscalls.2 getauxval.3 Mike Frysinger Add references to new vdso(7) page utimensat.2 Michael Kerrisk Small wording improvement for times!=NULL case dlopen.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Update remarks on cast needed when assigning dlsym() return value POSIX.1-2013 eases life when casting the dlsym() return value to a function pointer Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Kell] Fix description of dli_sname See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16262 getline.3 Michael Kerrisk [Luke Hutchison] Correct description of how '*n' is used when '*lineptr' == NULL See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5468 Michael Kerrisk Remove SEE ALSO reference to unsafe gets(3) mcheck.3 Simon Paillard [Raphael Geissert] typo in compiler flag See http://bugs.debian.org/732464 mkstemp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Janne Blomqvist] Better describe 'flags' that can be specified for mkostemp() printf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Arif Zaman] Fix memory leak in snprintf() example See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19933479/snprintf-man-page-example-memory-leak pthread_kill.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Desnoyers] POSIX.1-2008 removes ESRCH POSIX.1-2001 mistakenly documented an ESRCH error, and POSIX.1-2008 removes this error. Glibc does return this error in cases where it can determine that a thread ID is invalid, but equally, the use of an invalid thread ID can cause a segmentation fault. puts.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: replace reference to gets(3) with fgets(3) scanf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Ondřej Bílka] Improve discussion of obsolete 'a' dynamic allocation modifier setjmp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers] BSD setjmp() semantics go away in glibc 2.19 sigpause.3 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers] BSD sigpause() goes away in glibc 2.19 Michael Kerrisk Correct feature text macro requirements Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sigpause() is thread safe. sigqueue.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sigqueue() is thread safe. sigwait.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sigwait() is thread safe. sin.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions sin(), sinf() and sinl() are thread safe. sincos.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions sincos(), sincosf() and sincosl() are thread safe. string.3 Moritz 'Morty' Strübe Add short description of the functions It is helpful to have a short description about what the different functions in string.h do. Michael Kerrisk Fixes and enhancements to Moritz Strübe's patch strptime.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Malaterre, Simon Paillard] Add number ranges to comments in 'tm' structure See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=729570 Michael Kerrisk Point to ctime(3) for more details on 'tm' structure Michael Kerrisk Some rewording and reorganization strsep.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify description The use of "symbols" in the existing description is confusing; it's "bytes". Other fixes as well. strspn.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Malaterre] Improve description in NAME See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=723659 strstr.3 Michael Kerrisk Clarify RETURN VALUE: s/substring/located substring/ sysv_signal.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sysv_signal() is thread safe. tan.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions tan(), tanf() and tanl() are thread safe. tanh.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions tanh(), tanhf() and tanhl() are thread safe. toascii.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function toascii() is thread safe. toupper.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions toupper() and tolower() are thread safe with exceptions. towctrans.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function towctrans() is thread safe. towlower.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function towlower() is thread safe with exceptions. towupper.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function towupper() is thread safe with exceptions. ualarm.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function ualarm() is thread safe. wcpncpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function wcpncpy() is thread safe. proc.5 Michael Kerrisk [Sworddragon2] Fix formula for CommitLimit under /proc/meminfo See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60991 credentials.7 Michael Kerrisk List APIs that operate on process groups Michael Kerrisk Add details on controlling terminal and foreground/background jobs feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Document _DEFAULT_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers] From glibc 2.19, _BSD_SOURCE no longer causes __FAVOR_BSD Starting with glibc 2.19, _BSD_SOURCE no longer causes BSD definitions to be favored in cases where standards conflict. libc.7 Mike Frysinger SEE ALSO: add various entries man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Add STYLE GUIDE section Incorporate some of the existing material in the page into the STYLE GUIDE, and add a lot more material, mainly drawn from the "Global changes" sections in the release changelogs. Michael Kerrisk Add historical note on reason for use of American spelling Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Various improvements to style guide packet.7 Willem de Bruijn [Daniel Borkmann] Document fanout, ring, and auxiliary options This patch adds descriptions of the common packet socket options PACKET_AUXDATA, PACKET_FANOUT, PACKET_RX_RING, PACKET_STATISTICS, PACKET_TX_RING and the ring-specific options PACKET_LOSS, PACKET_RESERVE, PACKET_TIMESTAMP, PACKET_VERSION Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version numbers for PACKET_VERSION and PACKET_TIMESTAMP ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk [Matthias Klose] Default output file for D_DEBUG is stderr not stdout See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6874 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.57 ==================== Released: 2014-01-24, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andi Kleen Andre Majorel Andrey Vagin Andy Lutomirski Axel Beckert Bernhard Walle Brandon Edens Eliezer Tamir Gioele Barabucci Ian Abbott Jerry Chu Jonas Jonsson Marc Lehmann Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Peng Haitao Reuben Thomas Simone Piccardi Simon Paillard Thomas Posch Tilman Schmidt Vince Weaver Yuri Kozlov Марк Коренберг Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- msgop.2 Michael Kerrisk Document MSG_COPY open.2 Michael Kerrisk, Andy Lutomirski Document O_TMPFILE O_TMPFILE is new in Linux 3.11 perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver [Andi Kleen] PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION support in Linux 3.13 The following patch adds descriptions of the new perf_event_open.2 PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION sample type as added in Linux 3.13. The descriptions are based on information provided by Andi Kleen, both in the e-mail [PATCH 1/6] perf, core: Add generic transaction flags v5 sent to the linux-kernel list as well as an e-mail [PATCH] Document transaction flags in perf_event_open manpage sent to the linux-man list. The implementation is based heavily on the Intel Haswell processor. Documentation can be found at this page: http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2013/05/03/intelr-transactional-synchronization-extensions-intelr-tsx-profiling-with-linux-0 as well as in section 18.11.5.1 of volume 3 of the Intel 64 and IA-32 Architecture Software Developer's Manual. ptrace.2 Andrey Vagin Add description for PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO Retrieve signals without removing them from a queue. Andrey Vagin Add description for PTRACE_GETSIGMASK and PTRACE_SETSIGMASK These two commands allow to examine and change mask of blocked signals. socket.7 Eliezer Tamir Add description for SO_BUSY_POLL Add description for the SO_BUSY_POLL socket option. tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk [Jerry Chu] Document TCP_USER_TIMEOUT Text slightly adapted from Jerry Chu's (excellent) commit message (commit dca43c75e7e545694a9dd6288553f55c53e2a3a3). Michael Kerrisk Document TCP_CONGESTION Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Reword to avoid use of "etc." Various pages Peng Haitao [Andre Majorel] Make wording around thread-safety and setlocale() more precise getdate.3 strptime.3 locale.5 Michael Kerrisk Replace "weekday" with less ambiguous language Notwithstanding POSIX's use of the term "weekday", in everyday English, "weekday" is commonly understood to mean a day in the set [Monday..Friday] (vs one of the "weekend" days). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk [Jonas Jonsson] Clarify wording of EINTR error See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=66571 faccessat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that the system call takes only three arguments fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk Note filesystems that support FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE operation fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: The O_SYNC and O_DSYNC flags are not modifiable using F_SETFL Michael Kerrisk Add susbsections under BUGS There's several bugs listed. It's helpful to mark them separately. Michael Kerrisk POSIX.1 specifies F_SETOWN and F_GETOWN for sockets/SIGURG getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг] Note that rlim_cur can be set lower than current resource consumption getsockopt.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add ip(7) and udp(7) keyctl.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: mention Documentation/security/keys.txt linkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Add ENOENT for O_TMPFILE created with O_EXCL Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EINVAL lseek.2 Michael Kerrisk Note which filesystems support SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA msgop.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that MSG_EXCEPT is Linux-specific open.2 Michael Kerrisk Update CONFORMING TO Add POSIX.1-2008. Add mention of O_TMPFILE. Update text on various flags that were added in POSIX.1-2008, and whose definitions can, since glibc 2.12, be obtained by suitably defining _POSIX_C_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk Add pointer in description to BUGS, for O_ASYNC limitation Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty duplicate text on modifying file status flags ptrace.2 Michael Kerrisk Add details to descriptions of PTRACE_GETSIGMASK and PTRACE_SETSIGMASK select.2 Michael Kerrisk [Marc Lehmann] RETURN VALUE: Fix discussion of treatment of file descriptor sets See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=574370 syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Remove madvise1() from main list madvise1() is one of the system calls that was never implemented, and listed toward the bottom of the page. timer_create.2 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to proc(5) for info on /proc/[pid]/timers unlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger:] ERRORS: Add EISDIR See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=29702 ferror.3 Michael Kerrisk clearerr(), feof(), and ferror() are also POSIX-conformant Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas] CONFORMING TO: add fileno() gets.3 Ian Abbott SEE ALSO: add fgets(3) mq_receive.3 mq_send.3 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] SYNOPSIS: s/unsigned/unsigned int/ printf.3 Michael Kerrisk Small reorganization of text in EXAMPLE rand.3 Michael Kerrisk s/unsigned/unsigned int/ in example stpcpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function stpcpy() is thread safe. stpncpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function stpncpy() is thread safe. strcat.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions strcat() and strncat() are thread safe. strchr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions strchr(), strrchr() and strchrnul() are thread safe. strcmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions strcmp() and strncmp() are thread safe. strftime.3 Brandon Edens Change "week day" to "day of week" See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=68861 strstr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function strstr() is thread safe. The function strcasestr() is thread safe with exceptions. strtod.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions strtod(), strtof() and strtold() are thread safe with exceptions. strtoimax.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions strtoimax() and strtoumax() are thread safe with exceptions. strtol.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions strtol(), strtoll() and strtoq() are thread safe with exceptions. tcgetpgrp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions tcgetpgrp() and tcsetpgrp() are thread safe. tcgetsid.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function tcgetsid() is thread safe. core.5 Bernhard Walle Mention that %E exists since Linux 3.0 '%E' in the 'core_pattern' has been introduced in kernel commit 57cc083ad9e1bfeeb4a0ee831e7bb008c8865bf0 which was included in version 3.0. Add that information to the manual page. filesystems.5 Michael Kerrisk [Axel Beckert] Add reference to proc(5) for more details on /proc/filesystems See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=735590 locale.5 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add locale(7) proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/[pid]/timers Michael Kerrisk Update discussion of wchan Remove crufty reference to /etc/psdatabase in /proc/PID/stat. Add /proc/PID/wchan. See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/737452 environ.7 Michael Kerrisk [Gioele Barabucci] Correct reference to locale(7) (not locale(5)) locale(7) is the right place for details of the LC_* environment variables. See http://bugs.debian.org/638186 Michael Kerrisk Improve references for discussion of locale environment variables Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add catopen(3) Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add locale(5) man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Prefer "usable" over "useable" netdevice.7 Tilman Schmidt Document SIOCGIFCONF case ifc_req==NULL Add the missing description of the possibility to call SIOCGIFCONF with ifc_req==NULL to determine the needed buffer size, as described in http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0110.1/0506.html and verified against source files net/core/dev_ioctl.c and net/ipv4/devinet.c in the current kernel git tree. This functionality has been present since the beginning of the 2.6 series. It's about time it gets documented. While I'm at it, also generally clarify the section on SIOCGIFCONF. standards.7 Michael Kerrisk Enhance description of V7 Michael Kerrisk Add C11 tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk Describe format of tcp_*_congestion_control /proc files Describe format of tcp_allowed_congestion_control and tcp_available_congestion_control. ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.58 ==================== Released: 2014-02-11, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Cyril Hrubis Daniel Borkmann David Prévot Fabrice Bauzac Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Network Nut Ola Olsson Peng Haitao Peter Schiffer Simone Piccardi Simon Paillard Yuri Kozlov Марк Коренберг 未卷起的浪 Apologies if I missed anyone! Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- pipe.2 Michael Kerrisk Document the pipe2() O_DIRECT flag added in Linux 3.4 packet.7 Daniel Borkmann Document PACKET_QDISC_BYPASS New in Linux 3.14. Global changes -------------- Various pages Simon Paillard Formatting fix: add space between function and () if BR or IR Detected through the regex: git grep -P '^\.(BR|IR) [\w]*\([\d]*\)$' Various pages Simon Paillard Formatting fix: add space between word and punctuation if BR or IR Detected through the regex: git grep -P '^\.(BR|IR) [^ ]*[,\.]$' Could probably be extended to match more cases and fix in perl. Various pages Michael Kerrisk Use Oxford comma gettid.2 restart_syscall.2 passwd.5 socket.7 Michael Kerrisk Fix order of SEE ALSO entries Changes to individual pages --------------------------- epoll_wait.2 Michael Kerrisk [Network Nut] Remove word "minimum" from the description of 'timeout' epoll_wait.2 poll.2 select.2 Michael Kerrisk Go into more detail on timeout and when call will cease blocking getxattr.2 listxattr.2 removexattr.2 setxattr.2 Michael Kerrisk [Fabrice Bauzac] Correct header file is (not ) See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=70141 msgctl.2 Cyril Hrubis Add note about ignored arg to IPC_RMID prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг] PR_SET_PDEATHSIG value is preserved across execve(2) recv.2 Michael Kerrisk Rework and reorganize the text in various parts of the page. Isolate details specific to recv() vs recvfrom() vs recvmsg() Place details specific to each system call under a a separate subheading. Rework discussion of 'src_addr' and 'addrlen' for recvfrom() Add description of 'buf' and 'len' in recvfrom() section 'addrlen' should be 0 (*not* NULL) when 'src_addr' is NULL Improve text describing recvfrom() call that is equivalent to recv() Michael Kerrisk [未卷起的浪] Describe the various cases where the return value can be 0 shmctl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'buf' is ignored for IPC_RMID symlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Make argument names consistent with symlink(2) page isalpha.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions isalnum(), isalpha(), isascii(), isblank(), iscntrl(), isdigit(), isgraph(), islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper() and isxdigit() are thread safe. isatty.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function isatty() is thread safe. isgreater.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe The macros isgreater(), isgreaterequal(), isless(), islessequal(), islessgreater() and isunordered() are thread safe. iswalnum.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function iswalnum() is thread safe with exceptions. iswalpha.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function iswalpha() is thread safe with exceptions. iswblank.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function iswblank() is thread safe with exceptions. iswcntrl.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions The function iswcntrl() is thread safe with exceptions. lockf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] Fix incorrect argument mentioned under EINVAL error pthread_kill.3 Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements pthread_sigmask.3 Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements strtoul.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions The functions strtoul(), strtoull() and strtouq() are thread safe with exceptions. nscd.conf.5 Peter Schiffer Add note about default values proc.5 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add some further kernel Documentation/sysctl files man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk ATTRIBUTES sections come after VERSIONS Peng Haitao has consistently ordered the ATTRIBUTES after VERSIONS, so adjust the text in man-pages.7 vdso.7 Michael Kerrisk Add words "virtual dynamic shared object" in DESCRIPTION ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.59 ==================== Released: 2014-02-16, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Michael Kerrisk Peter Schiffer Weizhou Pan Apologies if I missed anyone! Global changes -------------- Various pages Peter Schiffer, Michael Kerrisk [Weizhou Pan] Convert pages containing non-ASCII in source code comments to use UTF-8 Done using a slightly modified version of Peter Schiffer's convert_to_utf_8.sh script. The script was modified so as *not* a "coding:" marker to the groff source. For now, we'll only put that marker on pages that contain non-ASCII characters in the rendered text. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60807 armscii-8.7 cp1251.7 iso_8859-1.7 iso_8859-10.7 iso_8859-11.7 iso_8859-13.7 iso_8859-14.7 iso_8859-15.7 iso_8859-16.7 iso_8859-2.7 iso_8859-3.7 iso_8859-4.7 iso_8859-5.7 iso_8859-6.7 iso_8859-7.7 iso_8859-8.7 iso_8859-9.7 koi8-r.7 koi8-u.7 Peter Schiffer, Michael Kerrisk [Weizhou Pan] Convert pages containing non-ASCII to use UTF-8 Done using Peter Schiffer's convert_to_utf_8.sh script. These pages containing non-ASCII in the rendered characters, and so the script inserts a "coding:" marker into the groff source. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60807 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.60 ==================== Released: 2014-02-18, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: David Prévot D. Barbier Kalle Olavi Niemitalo Michael Kerrisk Simon Paillard Apologies if I missed anyone! Changes to individual pages --------------------------- sigvec.3 Michael Kerrisk [Kalle Olavi Niemitalo] Fix error in code snippet s/sigpause/sigmask/ armscii-8.7 cp1251.7 iso_8859-1.7 iso_8859-10.7 iso_8859-11.7 iso_8859-13.7 iso_8859-14.7 iso_8859-15.7 iso_8859-16.7 iso_8859-2.7 iso_8859-3.7 iso_8859-4.7 iso_8859-5.7 iso_8859-6.7 iso_8859-7.7 iso_8859-8.7 iso_8859-9.7 koi8-u.7 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard] Remove comment that glyphs in column 4 may not display correctly With the conversion to UTF-8, the glyphs in column 4 of the tables in these pages will display regardless of whether the environment is configured for the corresponding character set. iso_8859-11.7 iso_8859-13.7 D. Barbier [Simon Paillard] Fix encoding mistakes in 5f7f4042b8848127d852c6fa7c02e31ccfaeeae5 Fixed via: for f in iso_8859-11 iso_8859-13; do cp man7/$f.7 $f iconv -f utf8 -t latin1 $f | iconv -f iso-${f#iso_} -t utf8 > man7/$f.7 done ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.61 ==================== Released: 2014-02-26, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andrew Hunter Carlos O'Donell Christoph Hellwig Daniel Borkmann Duncan de Wet Kir Kolyshkin KOSAKI Motohiro Michael Kerrisk Neil Horman Peng Haitao Simon Paillard Sulaiman Mustafa Xiawei Chen Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- A note from Christoph Hellwig prompted me to perform a task that has been queued for a while: merging the text of the man pages for the *at([23]) ("directory file descriptor") APIs into their corresponding traditional pages. When the *at([23]) pages were originally written (mostly in 2006), the APIs were not part of POSIX and (in most cases) were not available on other systems. So, it made some sense to wall them off into their own separate pages. Eight years later, with the APIs now all in POSIX (except scandirat()), it is much more sensible to document the newer APIs alongside their traditional counterparts, so that the newer APIs are not "hidden", and the reader can more easily see the differences between the APIs. Thus, the text of 14 pairs of pages has been merged, and the "merged from" pages have been converted to links to the "merged to" pages. Along the way, a few other fixes were made to the pages, as noted below. One page that did not undergo such a change was utimensat(2), which is different enough from utime(2) that it warrants a separate page. Unlike the other *at() pages, the utimensat(2) page was also already self-contained, rather than defining itself in terms of differences from utime(2) as the other *at() pages did. access.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text from faccessat(2) Michael Kerrisk Remove faccessat() race warning That point is already covered in existing text in this page. Michael Kerrisk access() also conforms to POSIX.1-2008 chmod.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text from fchmodat(2) Michael Kerrisk Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname') Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: chmod() and fchmod() are also in POSIX.1-2008 chown.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of fchownat(2) Michael Kerrisk AT_EMPTY_PATH is Linux-specific and requires _GNU_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname') Michael Kerrisk Remove sentence that fchownat() is present on Solaris That point was only really relevant before fchownat() was standardized in POSIX.1.2008. Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: chown(), fchown(), lchown() are in POSIX.1-2008 link.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of linkat(2) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: link() is in POSIX.1-2008 Michael Kerrisk AT_EMPTY_PATH is Linux-specific and requires _GNU_SOURCE mkdir.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of mkdirat(2) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: mkdir() is in POSIX.1-2008 mknod.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of mknodat(2) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: mknod(2) is in POSIX.1-2008 open.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text from openat(2) Michael Kerrisk Remove sentence that openat() is present on Solaris That point was only really relevant before openat() was standardized in POSIX.1.2008. readlink.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of readlinkat(2) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: readlink() is in POSIX.1-2008. Michael Kerrisk Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname') rename.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of renameat(2) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: rename(2) is in POSIX.1-2008 stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text from fstatat(2) Michael Kerrisk AT_EMPTY_PATH and AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT are Linux-specific These flags require _GNU_SOURCE. Michael Kerrisk Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname') Michael Kerrisk Remove sentence that fstatat() is present on Solaris That point was only really relevant before fstatat() was standardized in POSIX.1.2008. Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: stat(), fstat(), lstat() are specified in POSIX.1-2008 symlink.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of symlinkat(2) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: symlink() is in POSIX.1-2008 unlink.2 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of unlinkat(2) Michael Kerrisk Remove sentence that unlinkat() is present on Solaris That point was only really relevant before unlinkat() was standardized in POSIX.1.2008. Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: unlink() is in POSIX.1-2008 mkfifo.3 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of mkfifoat(3) Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: mkfifo() is in POSIX.1-2008 scandir.3 Michael Kerrisk Merge text of scandirat(3) Michael Kerrisk Update feature test macro requirements The FTM requirements changed in glibc 2.10. Michael Kerrisk Remove libc4/libc5 note under CONFORMING TO No-one much cares about Linux libc these days. Michael Kerrisk Put detail about alphasort under a NOTES heading This text was under CONFORMING TO, which made no sense. Michael Kerrisk Rework CONFORMING TO text Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- prctl.2 Kir Kolyshkin Document PR_SET_MM options in Linux 3.5 Some of the PR_SET_MM options were merged to vanilla kernel later, and appeared in Linux 3.5. Those are: - PR_SET_MM_ARG_START - PR_SET_MM_ARG_END - PR_SET_MM_ENV_START - PR_SET_MM_ENV_END - PR_SET_MM_AUXV - PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE socket.7 Neil Horman Document the SO_RXQ_OVFL socket option Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version number for SO_RXQ_OVFL New and changed links --------------------- faccessat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to access.2 fchmodat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to chmod.2 fchownat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to chown.2 fstatat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to stat.2 linkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to link.2 mkdirat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to mkdir.2 mknodat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to mknod.2 openat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to open.2 readlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to symlink.2 renameat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link rename.2 symlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to symlink.2 unlinkat.2 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to unlink.2 mkfifoat.3 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to mkfifo.3 scandirat.3 Michael Kerrisk Convert to link to scandir.3 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- alarm.2 Michael Kerrisk Note semantics of alarm with respect to fork() and execve() fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Warn that F_GETLK info may already be out of date when the call returns intro.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe policy on documenting differences between syscall and glibc API mmap2.2 Michael Kerrisk Reword note on glibc mmap() wrapper invocation of mmap2() Michael Kerrisk This system call does not exist on x86-64 msgctl.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add EPERM for unprivileged attempt to set msg_qbytes > MSGMNB prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Xiawei Chen] Clarify that PR_GET_TIMERSLACK is returned as the function result Michael Kerrisk Clarify that PR_GET_SECCOMP is returned as function result Michael Kerrisk Clarify that PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS is returned as function result ptrace.2 Michael Kerrisk [Andrew Hunter] Make it clearer that glibc and syscall APIs differ for PTRACE_PEEK* Thanks to Denys Vlasenko's additions in 78686915aed6bd12 this page does note that the glibc API for PTRACE_PEEK* differs from the raw syscall interface. But, as the report at https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=70801 shows, this information could be more obvious. This patch makes its so. sgetmask.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that these system calls don't exist on x86-64 swapon.2 Michael Kerrisk Split EINVAL cases into separate entries under ERRORS Michael Kerrisk Add EINVAL error for invalid flags to swapon() syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add intro(2) umount.2 Michael Kerrisk Split EINVAL cases into separate items Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EINVAL case that was new in 2.6.34 utime.2 Michael Kerrisk Add note that modern applications probably want utimensat(2) etc. crypt.3 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro] ERRORS: Add EINVAL and EPERM errors See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=69771 getifaddrs.3 Michael Kerrisk Enhance example program Print statistics for AF_PACKET interfaces. Add missing feature test macro definition. Reformat output. iswctype.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function iswctype() is thread safe. sem_post.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sem_post() is thread safe. sem_unlink.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sem_unlink() is thread safe. sem_wait.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions sem_wait(), sem_trywait() and sem_timedwait() are thread safe. setbuf.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions setbuf(), setbuffer(), setlinebuf() and setvbuf() are thread safe. strlen.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function strlen() is thread safe. strnlen.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function strnlen() is thread safe. strpbrk.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function strpbrk() is thread safe. strsep.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function strsep() is thread safe. swab.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function swab() is thread safe. resolv.conf.5 Carlos O'Donell DESCRIPTION: mention that the data is trusted In a recent discussion about DNSSEC it was brought to my attention that not all system administrators may understand that the information in /etc/resolv.conf is fully trusted. The resolver implementation in glibc treats /etc/resolv.conf as a fully trusted source of DNS information and passes on the AD-bit for DNSSEC as trusted. This patch adds a clarifying sentence to make it absolutely clear that indeed this source of information is trusted. ascii.7 Michael Kerrisk [Sulaiman Mustafa] Fix rendering of single quote (decimal character 39) Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add utf-8(7) Michael Kerrisk [Duncan de Wet] Remove mention of ISO 8859-1 as being the default encoding on Linux packet.7 Neil Horman Document PACKET_FANOUT_QM fanout mode Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version for PACKET_FANOUT_QM Daniel Borkmann Improve PACKET_QDISC_BYPASS description socket.7 Michael Kerrisk Add kernel version number for SO_BUSY_POLL ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.62 ==================== Released: 2014-03-11, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Cyril Hrubis Joseph S. Myers Marius Gaubas Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Peng Haitao Rick Stanley Simon Paillard Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- locale.1 Michael Kerrisk [review from Mike Frysinger] New page describing locale(1) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- locale.5 Michael Kerrisk Document LC_ADDRESS Michael Kerrisk Document LC_IDENTIFICATION Michael Kerrisk Document LC_MEASUREMENT Michael Kerrisk Document LC_NAME Michael Kerrisk Document LC_PAPER Michael Kerrisk Document LC_TELEPHONE Removed Pages ------------- sync.8 Michael Kerrisk [Christoph Hellwig, Pádraig Brady] Sometime in the 20th century (before my watch), a sync(8) page into man-pages. It documents the sync command from "fileutils", which long ago become coreutils, and the piece under NOTES note some behavior of sync(2) that ceased to be true many years ago. The man-pages project generally focuses on only Linux kernel and (g)libc interfaces, so this sync(8) page doesn't really belong. Furthermore, coreutils has a sync(1) page which covers the same command. After dicussions on the coreutils list, I've decided to retire this page from man-pages. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- clone.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that CLONE_THREAD also in effect requires CLONE_VM stat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Marius Gaubas] Warn the reader that the 'stat' structure definition is not precise Padding fields aren't shown, and the order of fields varies somewhat across architectures. gethostbyname.3 Michael Kerrisk Remove redundant FTM requirements _GNU_SOURCE implies _SVID_SOURCE and _BSD_SOURCE, so _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _GNU_SOURCE is the same as _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE getutmp.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add utmpdump(1) log1p.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions log1p(), log1pf() and log1pl() are thread safe. logb.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions logb(), logbf() and logbl() are thread safe. memccpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memccpy() is thread safe. memchr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions memchr(), memrchr() and rawmemchr() are thread safe. mktemp.3 Michael Kerrisk Make warning not to use this function more prominent qecvt.3 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers] Recommend snprintf(3) not sprintf(3) raise.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function raise() is thread safe. remove.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function remove() is thread safe. sem_destroy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sem_destroy() is thread safe. sem_getvalue.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sem_getvalue() is thread safe. sem_init.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sem_init() is thread safe. sockatmark.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sockatmark() is thread safe. strcpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions strcpy() and strncpy() are thread safe. Michael Kerrisk [Rick Stanley] Fix a bug, and improve discussion of forcing termination with strncpy() strspn.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions strspn() and strcspn() are thread safe. tempnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Make warning not to use this function more prominent tmpnam.3 Michael Kerrisk Recommend use mkstemp(3) or tmpfile(3) instead locale.5 Michael Kerrisk Add intro section that lists all of the LC categories Michael Kerrisk 'p_cs_precedes' is for *positive* values Michael Kerrisk Clarify 'p_sign_posn' and 'n_sign_posn'; simplify 'n_sign_posn' Add initial sentence for 'p_sign_posn' and 'n_sign_posn'. Remove repeated list for 'n_sign_posn'. Michael Kerrisk Document LC_MESSAGES 'yesstr' and 'nostr' Michael Kerrisk Clarify LC_MONETARY 'n_cs_precedes' Michael Kerrisk LC_MONETARY: Document 'int_p_sign_posn' and 'int_n_sign_posn' Michael Kerrisk Clarify/rework 'p_cs_precedes' and 'n_cs_precedes' Michael Kerrisk LC_MONETARY: document 'int_p_sep_by_space' and 'int_n_sep_by_space' Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty reference to POSIX.2 Michael Kerrisk LC_MONETARY: document 'int_p_cs_precedes' and 'int_n_cs_precedes' Michael Kerrisk Clarify/simplify 'n_sep_by_space' Michael Kerrisk LC_TIME: document 'cal_direction' and 'date_fmt' Michael Kerrisk Clarify 'p_sep_by_space' feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE are deprecated in glibc 2.20 Michael Kerrisk _GNU_SOURCE implicitly defines other macros Saying that _GNU_SOURCE has the "effects of" other macros is not quite precise. Michael Kerrisk Reword glibc version for _ISOC95_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk _ISOC99_SOURCE also exposes C95 definitions Michael Kerrisk _ISOC11_SOURCE implies the effects of _ISOC99_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk Note version number for _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L implies C99/C95 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L causes C95 definitions to be exposed only since glibc 2.12 and C99 definitions only since 2.10. Michael Kerrisk _XOPEN_SOURCE may implicitly define _POSIX_SOURCE and _POSIX_C_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk Reword glibc version for _ISOC99_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk Rework discussion of _ISOC99_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk Improve discussion of _DEFAULT_SOURCE Michael Kerrisk _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L implies C95 and C95 features ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.63 ==================== Released: 2014-03-18, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Carlos O'Donell Christoph Hellwig Corrado Zoccolo Gregory P. Smith Joseph S. Myers Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Peng Haitao Phillip Susi Robert P. J. Day Stefan Puiu Zhu Yanhai Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- duplocale.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting duplocale(3) newlocale.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] New page documenting newlocale(3) and freelocale(3) towlower.3 Michael Kerrisk Largely rewrite description of towlower() to be simpler and clearer towupper.3 Michael Kerrisk Largely rewrite description of towupper() to be simpler and clearer uselocale.3 Michael Kerrisk New page documenting uselocale(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- open.2 Michael Kerrisk Document O_DSYNC and rewrite discussion of O_SYNC isalpha.3 Michael Kerrisk Document the "_l" locale APIs The GNU C library v2.3 added some locale APIs, most of which were later specified in POSIX.1-2008, namely: isalnum_l() isalpha_l() isblank_l() iscntrl_l() isdigit_l() isgraph_l() islower_l() isprint_l() ispunct_l() isspace_l() isupper_l() isxdigit_l() isascii_l() Also update and correct various pieces in CONFORMING TO (and remove a few crufty old pieces there). strerror.3 Michael Kerrisk Document strerror_l() toupper.3 Michael Kerrisk Document toupper_l() and tolower_l() towlower.3 Michael Kerrisk Document towlower_l() towupper.3 Michael Kerrisk Document towupper_l() proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid locale.7 Michael Kerrisk Document LC_ADDRESS Document LC_IDENTIFICATION Document LC_MEASUREMENT Document LC_NAME Document LC_PAPER Document LC_TELEPHONE New and changed links --------------------- freelocale.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new newlocale.3 page isalnum_l.3 isascii_l.3 isblank_l.3 iscntrl_l.3 isdigit_l.3 isgraph_l.3 islower_l.3 isprint_l.3 ispunct_l.3 isspace_l.3 isupper_l.3 isxdigit_l.3 Michael Kerrisk New links to isalpha.3 tolower_l.3 toupper_l.3 Michael Kerrisk New links to toupper.3 towlower_l.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to towlower.3 towupper_l.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to towupper.3 Global changes -------------- Various pages Michael Kerrisk Global change: "upper case" ==> "uppercase", "lower case" ==> lowercase" Changes to individual pages --------------------------- mount.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add blkid(1) msgop.2 Michael Kerrisk Document two MSG_COPY failure modes Since Linux 3.14, the kernel now diagnoses two errors when using msgrcv() MSG_COPY: * MSG_COPY must be specified with IPC_NOWAIT * MSG_COPY can't be specified with MSG_EXCEPT open.2 Michael Kerrisk Organize some material under additional subheadings in NOTES There's an amorphous mass of material under NOTES. Structure it with some subheadings, and do a little reorganizing. Michael Kerrisk Add other system calls and functions that are like openat() fanotify_mark(2), name_to_handle_at(2), and scandirat(3) have a directory file descriptor argument for the same reason as openat(). Also: reword the rationale for the *at() functions somewhat. Michael Kerrisk Clarify ELOOP error interaction with O_PATH readahead.2 Phillip Susi [Corrado Zoccolo, Gregory P. Smith, Zhu Yanhai, Michael Kerrisk, Christoph Hellwig] Don't claim the call blocks until all data has been read The readahead(2) man page was claiming that the call blocks until all data has been read into the cache. This is incorrect. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=54271 stat.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add ls(1) and stat(1) fts.3 Christoph Hellwig [Michael Kerrisk] The fts(3) API does not work with LFS builds As pointed out during a recent discussion on libc-hacker the fts(3) APIs can't be used with large file offsets: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15838 mbrtowc.3 mbsnrtowcs.3 mbsrtowcs.3 mbtowc.3 Michael Kerrisk Add entries in SEE ALSO Mainly inspired by the POSIX pages. mbsinit.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add mbrlen(3), mbrtowc(3), and wcrtomb(3) mbsrtowcs.3 wcsrtombs.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add mbsinit(3) mbstowcs.3 Michael Kerrisk [Stefan Puiu] Add example program And add some SEE ALSO entries memcmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memcmp() is thread safe. memcpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memcpy() is thread safe. memfrob.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memfrob() is thread safe. memmem.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memmem() is thread safe. memmove.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memmove() is thread safe. mempcpy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions mempcpy() and wmempcpy() are thread safe. memset.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function memset() is thread safe. strerror.3 Michael Kerrisk CONFORMING TO: strerror() and strerror_r() are in POSIX.1-2008 Michael Kerrisk Add SS heading for strerror_r() toupper.3 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite to more explicitly bring locales into the discussion Michael Kerrisk Retitle BUGS section to NOTES These are not really bugs, just background info. wcrtomb.3 wcsnrtombs.3 wcsrtombs.3 wcstombs.3 wctomb.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add various entries Mainly inspired by POSIX core.5 Mike Frysinger [Michael Kerrisk] Document core_pattern %d specifier Document %P core_pattern specifier Michael Kerrisk Rearrange core_pattern specifiers alphabetically locale.5 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add newlocale(3) + duplocale(3) feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers] Remove mention of bogus _ISOC95_SOURCE macro The _ISOC95_SOURCE macro is defined in , but it does nothing. So remove discussion of it, and move some of the discussion of C95 under the ISOC99_SOURCE subhead. Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell] Add packaging note for _BSD_SOURCE/_SVID_SOURCE/_DEFAULT_SOURCE To compile warning-free across glibc < 2.20 and glibc >= 2.20 code may been to define both _DEFAULT_SOURCE and either _BSD_SOURCE or _SVID_SOURCE. Michael Kerrisk Reword description of C90 locale.7 Michael Kerrisk Add subsection on POSIX.1-2008 (originally GNU) extensions to locale API Michael Kerrisk Remove reference to LI18NUX2000 LI18NUX2000 is difficult to even find these days, and in any case this page does not document gettext(), so notes about gettext() in the CONFORMING TO section here make no sense. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add mbstowcs(3) and wcstombs(3) SEE ALSO: add newlocale(3) + duplocale(3) man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Add preferred term "superblock" Michael Kerrisk Add preferred terms "uppercase" and "lowercase" ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.64 ==================== Released: 2014-04-06, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Abhay Sachan Alexey Samsonov Andrey Vagin Aneesh Kumar K.V Christoph Hellwig David Prévot Eric Dumazet Eric W. Biederman Jan Kara Kir Kolyshkin Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger NeilBrown Peng Haitao Peter Hurley Petr Gajdos Robert P. J. Day Vince Weaver Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- open_by_handle_at.2 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger, Neil Brown, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Christoph Hellwig] New page describing name_to_handle_at(2) and open_by_handle_at(2) inotify.7 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite introductory section Reorganize "Limitations and caveats" subsection Michael Kerrisk Further describe the race when adding a watch to a new subtree Michael Kerrisk Directory renames may invalidate multiple paths cached by application Michael Kerrisk Add paragraph on cache consistency checking Michael Kerrisk Mention cache rebuilding to handle overflow events Michael Kerrisk Moving an object to another filesystem generates IN_DELETE_SELF Michael Kerrisk [Jan Kara] Add text on dealing with rename() events Michael Kerrisk Note rationale and consequences of event coalescing Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman] Inotify doesn't work for remote and pseudo filesystems Michael Kerrisk Add some examples of events generated by various system calls Michael Kerrisk BUGS: IN_ONESHOT does now cause IN_IGNORED when the watch is dropped A silent change as a result of the fanotify work in kernel 2.6.36. Michael Kerrisk Note that IN_DELETE_SELF will be followed by IN_IGNORED Michael Kerrisk Note that IN_UNMOUNT will be followed by an IN_IGNORED event Michael Kerrisk Inotify does not report events for mmap(2) and msync(2) Michael Kerrisk Add examples of syscalls that trigger IN_ATTRIB Michael Kerrisk Add some examples of syscalls that trigger IN_MODIFY Michael Kerrisk execve(2) also generates IN_ACCESS Michael Kerrisk Add examples of syscalls that trigger IN_CREATE Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver [Michael Kerrisk] Document the PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC flag The Linux 3.14 release adds support for the PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC flag. feature_test_macros.7 Michael Kerrisk Document _LARGEFILE_SOURCE tcp.7 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Dumazet] Document /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_autocorking Text heavily based on Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt New and changed links --------------------- name_to_handle_at.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to new open_by_name_at(2) page Global changes -------------- fmemopen.3 getaddrinfo.3 mq_notify.3 offsetof.3 aio.7 Michael Kerrisk Print size_t/ssize_t values using %z printf() modifier There are fewer and fewer systems these days that don't support the %z specifier mandated in C99. So replace the use of %ld/%lu + (long) cast with %zd/%zu. Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bdflush.2 fsync.2 sync.2 Kir Kolyshkin SEE ALSO: remove update(8) reference Remove reference to update(8) man page, since there is no such page. This is an ancient BSD leftover I believe. chown.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'dirfd' can be AT_FDCWD when AT_EMPTY_PATH is used getxattr.2 Abhay Sachan Fix RETURN VALUE description A EA can have length zero. inotify_add_watch.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add ENAMETOOLONG inotify_init.2 Michael Kerrisk Add pointer to inotify(7) link.2 Michael Kerrisk When AT_EMPTY_PATH is specified, 'olddirfd' must not refer to a directory mmap.2 Andrey Vagin The file descriptor for a file mapping must be readable There is no difference between MAP_SHARED and MAP_PRIVATE. open.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add open_by_name_at(2) perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver Document PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD behavior change Linux 3.14 (in commit bad7192b842c83e580747ca57104dd51fe08c223) changes the perf_event PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD ioctl() behavior on all architectures to update immediately, to match the behavior found on ARM. stat.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that 'dirfd' can be AT_FDCWD when AT_EMPTY_PATH is used syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add sched_getattr() and sched_setattr() And update kernel version to 3.14 abort.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function abort() is thread safe. confstr.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add getconf(1), fpathconf(3), sysconf(3), pathconf(3) exit.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function exit() is not thread safe. fenv.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions feclearexcept(), fegetexceptflag(), feraiseexcept(), fesetexceptflag(), fetestexcept(), fegetround(), fesetround(), fegetenv(), feholdexcept(), fesetenv(), feupdateenv(), feenableexcept(), fedisableexcept() and fegetexcept() are thread safe. fpathconf.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add confstr(3) fseek.3 Michael Kerrisk [Petr Gajdos] Document EINVAL error for negative file offset fseeko.3 Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements fts.3 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger] Remove mention of "32-bit systems" in BUGS fwide.3 wprintf.3 Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day] Remove mention of bogus _ISOC95_SOURCE feature test macro getline.3 Alexey Samsonov Caller should free the allocated buffer even if getline() failed Relevant discussion in glibc bugzilla: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5666 getloadavg.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function getloadavg() is thread safe. getpt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function getpt() is thread safe. if_nametoindex.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions if_nametoindex() and if_indextoname() are thread safe. index.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions index() and rindex() are thread safe. mkfifo.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions mkfifo() and mkfifoat() are thread safe. netlink.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: make the reference for libnetlink the libnetlink(3) man page random.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions random(), srandom(), initstate() and setstate() are thread safe. random_r.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions random_r(), srandom_r(), initstate_r() and setstate_r() are thread safe. sigvec.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions sigvec(), sigblock(), sigsetmask() and siggetmask() are thread safe. The macro sigmask() is thread safe. sysconf.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add confstr(3) termios.3 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Hurley] Fix error in discussion of MIN > 0, TIME == 0 noncanonical mode As reported by Peter Hurley, for the MIN > 0, TIME == 0 case: read() may unblock when MIN bytes are available but return up to the 'count' parameter if more input arrives in between waking and copying into the user buffer. ... read() may also _not_ return until MIN bytes have been received, even if 'count' bytes have been received. Michael Kerrisk Add a note on interaction of O_NONBLOCK with noncanonical MIN/TIME POSIX leaves the behavior open. Michael Kerrisk Clarify termination conditions for MIN > 0, TIME > 0 Michael Kerrisk Clarify behavior if data is available before noncanonical read() Michael Kerrisk Add descriptive titles to noncanonical read() cases symlink.7 Michael Kerrisk Add subsection on opening a symbolic link with O_PATH Michael Kerrisk name_to_handle_at(2) and open_by_handle_at(2) optionally follow symlinks Michael Kerrisk Mention use of readlink(2) to read contents of a symlink ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.65 ==================== Released: 2014-04-20, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alex Thorlton Ashish Sangwan Christopher Covington Christoph Hellwig Craig McQueen Dave Chinner David Prévot Greg Troxel Matthew Dempsky Michael Kerrisk Mike Frysinger Namjae Jeon Peng Haitao Petr Gajdos Richard Hansen Simon Paillard Steven Stewart-Gallus Vince Weaver Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- inet_net_pton.3 Michael Kerrisk New page describing inet_net_pton(3) and inet_net_ntop(3) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fallocate.2 Michael Kerrisk, Namjae Jeon [Christoph Hellwig, Dave Chinner] Document FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk [Alex Thorlton] Document PR_SET_THP_DISABLE and PR_GET_THP_DISABLE proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/[pid]/stack Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/[pid]/clear_refs New and changed links --------------------- inet_net_ntop.3 Michael Kerrisk New link to new inet_net_pton.3 Changes to individual pages --------------------------- fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Note the race when O_CLOEXEC is used at same time as fork()+execve() madvise.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: see prctl(2) Because of PR_SET_THP_DISABLE. mlock.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe treatment of MCL_FUTURE during fork(2) and execve(2) msync.2 Michael Kerrisk [Richard Hansen, Greg Troxel] Warn that one of MS_SYNC or MS_ASYNC is required open.2 Michael Kerrisk Add more detail on the race that O_CLOEXEC is designed to avoid Michael Kerrisk [Matthew Dempsky] Remove crufty text stating that O_DIRECTORY is Linux-specific Michael Kerrisk Note which filesystems support O_TMPFILE perf_event_open.2 Vince Weaver [Michael Kerrisk] Clarify EACCES and EPERM errors Clarify the reasons for EACCES and EPERM errors. Vince Weaver [Michael Kerrisk] Make the ERRORS section more comprehensive. Determined both by code inspection and by writing a large number of test programs. personality.2 Michael Kerrisk Available execution domains are listed in Michael Kerrisk Fix discussion of return value prctl.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_PDEATHSIG ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_TIMING ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_DUMPABLE ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS shmget.2 Michael Kerrisk Rewrite description of SHMMNI default value Michael Kerrisk Note default value of SHMMAX Note default value for SHMALL byteorder.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions htonl(), htons(), ntohl() and ntohs() are thread safe. fexecve.3 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus] If 'fd' is a close-on-exec file descriptor for a script, fexecve() fails See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=74481 ffs.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions ffs(), ffsl() and ffsll() are thread safe. getauxval.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function getauxval() is thread safe. getcontext.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions getcontext() and setcontext() are thread safe. getsubopt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function getsubopt() is thread safe. getutmp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions getutmp() and getutmpx() are thread safe. inet.3 Michael Kerrisk Note success and error return for inet_aton() inet.3 Michael Kerrisk [Craig McQueen] The form 'a.b' if is suitable for Class A addresses (not class C) Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add inet_net_pton(3) makecontext.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions makecontext() and swapcontext() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setdetachstate() and pthread_attr_getdetachstate() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setguardsize.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setguardsize() and pthread_attr_getguardsize() are thread safe. sigsetops.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions sigemptyset(), sigfillset(), sigaddset(), sigdelset(), sigismember(), sigisemptyset(), sigorset() and sigandset() are thread safe. proc.5 Petr Gajdos Improve /proc/[pid]/smaps entries description Michael Kerrisk /proc/PID/smaps is present only if CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR Michael Kerrisk Note kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/{shmall,shmmax} Michael Kerrisk Note kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/{msgmax,msgmnb} capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add capsh(1) libc.7 Michael Kerrisk Add musl libc ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.66 ==================== Released: 2014-05-08, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alan Curry Carsten Andrich Daniel Borkmann David Prévot Eric Siegerman Heinrich Schuchardt Jan Kara Jan Moskyto Matejka John Marshall Lukáš Czerner Manfred Spraul Michael Kerrisk Miklos Szeredi Neil Horman Peng Haitao Peter Schiffer Randy Dunlap Silvan Jegen Simon Paillard Stefan Puiu Steven Stewart-Gallus Stijn Hinterding Willem de Bruijn Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- fanotify_init.2 Heinrich Schuchardt, Michael Kerrisk New page documenting fanotify_init(2) fanotify_mark.2 Heinrich Schuchardt, Michael Kerrisk New page documenting fanotify_mark(2) sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk Page rewritten Stripped out the general scheduling material, which moved to sched(7), and rewrote much of the remainder. Changed copyright and license since pretty much all of the content was or is written by mtk. fanotify.7 Heinrich Schuchardt, Michael Kerrisk New page providing overview of the fanotify API sched.7 Michael Kerrisk New page providing an overview of the scheduling APIs Most of this content derives from sched_setscheduler(2). In preparation for adding a sched_setattr(2) page, it makes sense to isolate out this general content to a separate page that is referred to by the other scheduling pages. Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fallocate.2 Lukas Czerner [Michael Kerrisk] Document FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE was added in Linux 3.14, for zeroing ranges in the allocated space in a file. rename.2 Miklos Szeredi [Michael Kerrisk] Document renameat2() system call added in Linux 3.15 shmop.2 Michael Kerrisk Document SHM_EXEC Changes to individual pages --------------------------- flock.2 Michael Kerrisk Employ term "open file description" in DESCRIPTION And include reference to open(2) for an explanation of the term. getpriority.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched(7) getsockopt.2 Carsten Andrich SEE ALSO: add packet(7) link.2 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus] Document ENOENT error for linkat() See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73301 msgget.2 Michael Kerrisk Reword EEXIST error msgop.2 Michael Kerrisk Note capability required to raise MQ size beyond MSGMNB msync.2 Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt] s/flushes... back to disk/flushes... back to filesystem/ nice.2 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched(7) open.2 Peter Schiffer Update note on alignment of user buffer and file offset for O_DIRECT The sentence in open(2) man page in notes for O_DIRECT flag: "Under Linux 2.6, alignment to 512-byte boundaries suffices." is not universally correct. The alignment is a property of the storage, for example, 4k-sector drives with no 512 byte sector emulation will be unable to perform 512-byte direct I/O. Michael Kerrisk Note some of the various synonyms for "open file description" Michael Kerrisk Remove repetitious text on use of fcntl() to change file status flags open_by_handle_at.2 Michael Kerrisk Mention FreeBSD analogs posix_fadvise.2 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Siegerman] Fix wording error under "Architecture-specific variants" See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=75431 process_vm_readv.2 Michael Kerrisk [Stijn Hinterding] Add feature test macro requirements The _GNU_SOURCE FTM must be defined. read.2 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: detail nonatomicity bug with respect to file offset updates This bug was fixed in Linux 3.14, with commit 9c225f2655e36a470c4f58dbbc99244c5fc7f2d4 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1649458 sched_get_priority_max.2 Michael Kerrisk Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7) sched_rr_get_interval.2 Michael Kerrisk Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7) sched_setaffinity.2 Michael Kerrisk Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7) sched_setparam.2 Michael Kerrisk Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7) sched_yield.2 Michael Kerrisk Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7) semget.2 Michael Kerrisk Consolidate discussion on noninitialization of semaphores The fact that semget() does not initialize the semaphores in a new set was covered in two places (in DESCRIPTION and BUGS). Consolidate these into one place (in NOTES) and also point out that POSIX.1-2008 says that a future version of the standard may require an implementation to initialize the semaphores to 0. Michael Kerrisk Clarify SEMMNS versus SEMMSL*SEMMNI Michael Kerrisk Rework EINVAL text a little Michael Kerrisk Clarify wording for EEXIST error shmget.2 Manfred Spraul Clarify SHMALL The default for SHMALL is a limit of 8 GB, regardless of PAGE_SIZE. The current documentation does not mention that and is therefore more difficult to understand than necessary. Manfred Spraul Correct math error 2097152 is 2^21, not 2^20. Michael Kerrisk Reword EEXIST error Michael Kerrisk Clarify one of the EINVAL cases Michael Kerrisk Note that SHM_NORESERVE is a Linux extension Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard] Fix kernel version numbers in discussion of SHMALL Michael Kerrisk Rework EINVAL text Michael Kerrisk Move and rework discussion of mode bits Michael Kerrisk Reword description of O_EXCL shmop.2 Michael Kerrisk Move fork(2), execve(2), _exit(2) discussion to NOTES Michael Kerrisk Add subheads for shmat() and shmdt() Michael Kerrisk Rework discussion of SHM_RDONLY and SHM_REMAP into list format Michael Kerrisk Structure the attach cases as a list sigaction.2 Alan Curry Fix bad cross reference (times(2) not time(2)) The system call that reports child CPU usage is times(2), not time(2). symlink.2 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus] Document ENOENT error for symlinkat() See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73301 syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Add renameat2() And bump kernel version. write.2 Michael Kerrisk BUGS: detail nonatomicity bug with respect to file offset updates This bug was fixed in Linux 3.14, with commit 9c225f2655e36a470c4f58dbbc99244c5fc7f2d4 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1649458 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setinheritsched() and pthread_attr_getinheritsched() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setschedparam() and pthread_attr_getschedparam() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setschedpolicy() and pthread_attr_getschedpolicy() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setscope.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setscope() and pthread_attr_getscope() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setstack.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setstack() and pthread_attr_getstack() are thread safe. sched_getcpu.3 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched(7) termios.3 Michael Kerrisk [Yuri Kozlov] Rework intro text for 'c_oflag' Michael Kerrisk OFDEL is in POSIX.1-2001, so remove "(Not in POSIX)" text proc.5 Jan Moskyto Matejka [Randy Dunlap] Improve description of /proc/stat 'intr' field The sum at the beginning of line "intr" includes also unnumbered interrupts. packet.7 Carsten Andrich [Neil Horman] Improve sockopt documentation for packet sockets Carsten Andrich [Willem de Bruijn] PACKET_LOSS has inverse meaning Stefan Puiu [Daniel Borkmann, Carsten Andrich] Status in PACKET_RX_RING is actually a bit mask Michael Kerrisk [Carsten Andrich] SEE ALSO: add /tools/testing/selftests/net/psock_tpacket.c ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.67 ==================== Released: 2014-05-21, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Andy Lutomirski Aurelien Jarno Bill Allombert Christoph Hellwig Davidlohr Bueso Heinrich Schuchardt Ingo Schwarze Jan Kara Jon Grant Juri Lelli Lucas De Marchi Michael Kerrisk Peng Haitao Peter Zijlstra Rasmus Villemoes Sam Varshavchik Simon Paillard Steven Stewart-Gallus Török Edwin William Morriss Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- sched_setattr.2 Michael Kerrisk, Peter Zijlstra [Juri Lelli] New page describing sched_setattr(2) and sched_getattr(2) system.3 Michael Kerrisk Rewrote large parts of the page and added a number of details Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- sched.7 Peter Zijlstra, Michael Kerrisk [Juri Lelli] Document SCHED_DEADLINE New and changed links --------------------- renameat2.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to rename.2 sched_getattr.2 Michael Kerrisk New link to new sched_setattr Changes to individual pages --------------------------- bind.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EADDRINUSE for ephemeral port range exhaustion chown.2 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add some subheadings connect.2 Michael Kerrisk [William Morriss] ERRORS: Add EADDRNOTAVAIL for ephemeral port range exhaustion Verified from testing and the kernel source. See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=745775 Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of ip_local_port_range under EAGAIN error create_module.2 delete_module.2 init_module.2 query_module.2 Michael Kerrisk [Lucas De Marchi] Clarify glibc header file declaration/ABI wrapper details create_module(), delete_module(), init_module(), and query_module() are not declared in header files, but through an accident of history glibc provides an ABI for them that it continues to maintain, for compatibility reasons. execve.2 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus] Note SIGKILL case when execve() fails beyond the point of no return Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add a subheading and reorder paragraphs fanotify_init.2 Heinrich Schuchardt [Michael Kerrisk] Document range of permitted flags for event_f_flags With a new patch included in the mm tree, event_f_flags is checked for allowable values. fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Add "file locking" subheading under NOTES fork.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: SCHED_DEADLINE tasks can fail with EAGAIN SCHED_DEADLINE tasks can fail with EAGAIN unless the reset-on-fork flag is set. futex.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that there is no glibc wrapper getpriority.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes for getpriority() and setpriority() The who argument has type id_t (which happens to be u32 on linux). get_robust_list.2 Rasmus Villemoes Add to synopsis of get_robust_list() If one were to implement wrappers for [gs]et_robust_list() using the given prototypes, one would also have to include sys/types.h to get a definition of size_t. getrusage.2 Michael Kerrisk [Bill Allombert] _GNU_SOURCE must be defined to obtain RUSAGE_THREAD definition See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=746569 link.2 open.2 Andy Lutomirski [Michael Kerrisk] Update AT_EMPTY_PATH and O_PATH documentation listen.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EADDRINUSE for ephemeral port range exhaustion mbind.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype for mbind(2) The nmask argument is const. The return type in numaif.h is long. (Well, at least says nmask is const. The current kernel does not define it as a const argument, but sys_mbind() only passes it to get_nodes(), which does treat it as const.) msgop.2 Davidlohr Bueso [Michael Kerrisk] Enhance description of "full queue" criteria poll.2 Rasmus Villemoes Add to synopsis for ppoll() One needs to #include to get the definition of the type (sigset_t) of the mask argument to ppoll(). readlink.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix return type of readlinkat() recv.2 Michael Kerrisk Clarify details of msg_name and msg_namelen fields recvmmsg.2 Michael Kerrisk Describe timeout bug See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=75371 and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/5677 remap_file_pages.2 Andy Lutomirski [Christoph Hellwig, Andy Lutomirski] remap_file_pages() has no benefit for real files Linux commit 3ee6dafc677a68e461a7ddafc94a580ebab80735 caused remap_file_pages to be emulated when used on real file. sched_get_priority_max.2 Michael Kerrisk 'policy' can also be SCHED_DEADLINE sched_setaffinity.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype for sched_setaffinity() The mask argument is const. sched_setparam.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: mark errors that apply just for sched_setparam() Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EINVAL for invalid arguments Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched_setattr(2) sched_setscheduler.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: mark errors that apply just to sched_setscheduler() Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add EINVAL case for pid < 0 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: separate out EINVAL cases semget.2 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add subheadings and reorder paragraphs semop.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes for semop() and semtimedop() The nsops arguments have type size_t, not unsigned, and the timeout argument of semtimedop() is const. Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add a subheading send.2 Michael Kerrisk Add details on various 'msghdr' fields Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: Add EAGAIN for ephemeral port range exhaustion Michael Kerrisk Add some subheadings under DESCRIPTION shmget.2 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add a subheading stat.2 Michael Kerrisk [Aurelien Jarno] Describe feature test macro requirements for file type test macros See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=728240 Michael Kerrisk Update FTM requirements for lstat() Michael Kerrisk Split discussion of 'st_mode' fields into type and permissions Michael Kerrisk Move text on S_I*() macros to follow text on S_I* macros That ordering is more logical stime.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype for stime() The argument is const, both according to the actual header files and according to . syscall.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype for syscall() The first argument and the return value of syscall() has type long, not int. getopt.3 Michael Kerrisk EXAMPLE: Add subheadings to distinguish the two example programs malloc.3 Michael Kerrisk Reword text referring to mallopt(3) Linux libc is no longer "recent"; drop mention of it. pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 pthread_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_setschedparam.3 pthread_setschedprio.3 pthread_yield.3 pthreads.7 Michael Kerrisk Change references to "sched_setscheduler(2)" to "sched(7)" Change consistent with the fact that the scheduling overview page is now sched(7) not sched_setscheduler(2). pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setstackaddr() and pthread_attr_getstackaddr() are thread safe. pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_attr_setstacksize() and pthread_attr_getstacksize() are thread safe. pthread_kill.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_kill() is thread safe. pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_kill_other_threads_np() is thread safe. pthread_self.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_self() is thread safe. pthread_setcancelstate.3 Michael Kerrisk Add paragraph breaks to "Asynchronous cancelability" subsection pthread_setcancelstate.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_setcancelstate() and pthread_setcanceltype() are thread safe. Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add some subheadings pthread_setschedparam.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_setschedparam() and pthread_getschedparam() are thread safe. pthread_setschedprio.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_setschedprio() is thread safe. pthread_sigmask.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_sigmask() is thread safe. pthread_sigqueue.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_sigqueue() is thread safe. pthread_testcancel.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_testcancel() is thread safe. pthread_yield.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_yield() is thread safe. remquo.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions remquo(), remquof() and remquol() are thread safe. rtime.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function rtime() is thread safe. sched_getcpu.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function sched_getcpu() is thread safe. stpcpy.3 Ingo Schwarze Note some history of stpcpy() Quoting Ingo: I just noticed that the stpcpy(3) manual contains a speculation that appears to be untrue on closer investigation: That function did not originate in MS DOS, but in Lattice C on AmigaDOS. Here is a patch against the git master HEAD to fix that, and add some more historical information. To provide some background and allow you to more easily verify the correctness of the patch, i'm appending my mail to , where i'm giving some more details about the history and pointing to some primary sources. That mail also contains the (similar, but shorter) patch i just committed to the OpenBSD manual page. strcasecmp.3 Michael Kerrisk [Aurelien Jarno, Török Edwin] Explain why strcasecmp()+strncasecmp() are also declared in See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=729436 strcpy.3 Michael Kerrisk NOTES: Add a subheading fd.4 Michael Kerrisk [Sam Varshavchik] Fix floppy disk device names The naming convention shown in the page was ancient. Now, the page is consistent with Documentation/devices.txt (where it is noted that "The use of the capital letters D, H and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since the drive type is insignificant for these devices" proc.5 Michael Kerrisk Document /proc/timer_stats Michael Kerrisk (Briefly) document /proc/timer_list Michael Kerrisk Add /proc/sys/kernel/{sched_rt_period_us,sched_rt_runtime_us} Reference sched(7) for an explanation of these two files capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk Mention sched_setattr(2) under CAP_SYS_NICE cpuset.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add sched(7) credentials.7 Michael Kerrisk Mention sched_getattr() as a place where credentials are checked fanotify.7 Heinrich Schuchardt [Jan Kara] BUGS: error events can be lost when reading from fanotify FD Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt] Fix description of FAN_EVENT_NEXT() FAN_EVENT_NEXT() does not update 'meta'; rather, it returns a pointer to the next metadata structure. In addition, generally rework the description to be a bit clearer and more detailed. Heinrich Schuchardt Document FAN_EVENT_METADATA_LEN ip.7 Michael Kerrisk Note cases where an ephemeral port is used Michael Kerrisk Remove BUGS text on glibc failing to declare in_pktinfo Michael Kerrisk Clarify 'ip_local_port_range' and mention the term "ephemeral ports" Michael Kerrisk Note some more details about assignment of ephemeral ports Michael Kerrisk BUGS: ephemeral port range exhaustion is diagnosed inconsistently Different system calls use different 'errno' values to diagnose exhaustion of the ephemeral port range. sched.7 Michael Kerrisk Document sched_rt_period_us and sched_rt_runtime_us /proc files And rework and relocate the text on dealing with runaway real-time processes. Michael Kerrisk Mention sched_setattr(2) in list of APIs that can change policies Michael Kerrisk sched_setattr(2) can also be used to set 'nice' value Michael Kerrisk Remove mention of sched_setscheduler() when talking about sched_priority There are nowadays multiple ways to set sched_priority (and in fact there always were, since we also had sched_setparam(2)). Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-design-CFS.txt Michael Kerrisk Don't mention sched_setscheduler(2) in discussions of setting policies In a couple of places, sched_setscheduler(2) is mentioned as the way of setting policies. But now there is sched_setattr(2) as well, rewrite the text in a more generic way. Michael Kerrisk Rework summary text describing sched_setattr(2) and sched_getattr(2) Note that these APIs are a superset of sched_setscheduler(2) and sched_getscheduler(2). Michael Kerrisk Remove crufty text relating to sched_setscheduler() All of the removed text is in sched_setscheduler(2) and should have been trimmed from this page. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: Mention more files in Documentation/scheduler/ directory ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.68 ==================== Released: 2014-05-28, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Alastair McKinstry Carsten Grohmann Colin Williams Heinrich Schuchardt Lars Wirzenius Marko Myllynen Michael Kerrisk Peng Haitao Rasmus Villemoes Richard Braakman Simon Paillard Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- localedef.1 Marko Myllynen, Richard Braakman, Alastair McKinstry, Lars Wirzenius New page for localedef(1) Add new page based on Debian localedef(1) page. New and changed links --------------------- procfs.5 New link to proc.5 Since the term "procfs" is widely used, it seems reasonable to have a link from that name to proc(5). Changes to individual pages --------------------------- locale.1 Marko Myllynen Provide a step-by-step example of how to use a custom locale Marko Myllynen Use LC_TELEPHONE instead of LC_MESSAGES in the example yesstr/nostr in LC_MESSAGES are planned to be changed at some point [1], so it's better to provide an example which won't be obsoleted by that change. [1] https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16975 adjtimex.2 Michael Kerrisk Add feature test macro requirements clone.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add cross-reference to fork(2) for explanation of EAGAIN fork.2 Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add pid_max and threads-max to EAGAIN And rewrite text to be the same as pthread_create(3). getrlimit.2 Michael Kerrisk RLIMIT_NPROC is not enforced if CAP_SYS_ADMIN or CAP_SYS_RESOURCE remap_file_pages.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The pgoff argument has type size_t, not ssize_t (and in the kernel it is unsigned long). set_mempolicy.2 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype for set_mempolicy(2) The nodemask argument is const. The return type in numaif.h is long. swapon.2 Rasmus Villemoes Remove header from synopsis The header is not readily available, and the comment seems to indicate that it is for getting PAGE_SIZE. But it is never mentioned why one would need to know that, and it is in any case better obtained using sysconf(), provided by . a64l.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype for a64l() The argument is const, both according to POSIX and the glibc headers. adjtime.3 Rasmus Villemoes Add required header The prototype for adjtime(3) is declared in . argz_add.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes Update the prototypes of argz_{delete,extract,next} to agree with glibc headers and manual. bstring.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes The length parameter n has type size_t in bcmp(), bcopy() and bzero(). envz_add.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes The envz_len parameters for envz_entry() and envz_get() are not passed by reference. fpathconf.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The path argument to pathconf() is const. fseek.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The pos argument to fsetpos() is const. gcvt.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The ndigit parameter to gcvt() has type int. getaddrinfo_a.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The pointer arguments to gai_suspend() are const. getauxval.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix permissions There doesn't seem to be any reason for getauxval.3 to be executable... getnameinfo.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The hostlen and servlen parameters have type socklen_t. (The types changed in glibc 2.2) Michael Kerrisk Note types of 'hostlen'; and 'servlen' in glibc < 2.2 getrpcent.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The argument to getrpcbyname() is const. getrpcport.3 Rasmus Villemoes Add #include and fix prototype The prototype for getrpcport() is obtained by #include'ing . Also, update its prototype. getspnam.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The struct spwd argument to putspent() is const. getutent.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes The arguments to getutid(), getutline(), and pututline() are const. inet.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The parameters to inet_makeaddr have type in_addr_t. inet_net_pton.3 Rasmus Villemoes srcfix, cfix Use a consistent style throughout the man-pages. key_setsecret.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes Remove const qualifiers from arguments to key_decryptsession, key_encryptsession, and key_setsecret. makecontext.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The second argument to swapcontext() is const. makedev.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype gnu_dev_makedev, and hence its trivial macro wrapper makedev, takes two unsigned int parameters; this is consistent with it being the inverse of (gnu_dev_)major/minor, which return unsigned int. malloc_trim.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype As mentioned further down, malloc_trim returns an integer. mq_getattr.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The newattr parameter to mq_setattr is const. newlocale.3 Marko Myllynen List all available category masks Michael Kerrisk Add LC_ALL_MASK description nl_langinfo.3 Marko Myllynen Expand the example code a bit Better illustrate querying elements from different categories. perror.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix declaration The elements of the array sys_errlist are also const. pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3 pthread_attr_setguardsize.3 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3 pthread_attr_setscope.3 pthread_attr_setstack.3 pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3 Rasmus Villemoes Constify parameters Each of the pthread_attr_get* functions extract some piece of information from a pthread_attr_t, which is passed by const reference. Add the const keyword to the prototypes of these functions. pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3 Michael Kerrisk [Rasmus Villemoes] Add feature test macro requirements pthread_create.3 Michael Kerrisk [Carsten Grohmann] Add pid_max limit to EAGAIN error cases pthread_equal.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_equal() is thread safe. pthread_exit.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_exit() is thread safe. pthread_getcpuclockid.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function pthread_getcpuclockid() is thread safe. pthread_setaffinity_np.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_setaffinity_np() and pthread_getaffinity_np() are thread safe. pthread_setconcurrency.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions pthread_setconcurrency() and pthread_getconcurrency() are thread safe. pthread_setname_np.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The name parameter of pthread_getname_np is an output parameter and hence not const. pthread_setschedparam.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes Add return type for pthread_{s,g}etschedparam. pthread_setschedprio.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype Add return type for pthread_setschedprio. pthread_sigqueue.3 Rasmus Villemoes Add missing #include rcmd.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes Unlike the BSDs, the second argument of rcmd() and rcmd_af() has type unsigned short. The first argument of iruserok_af() has type const void*. re_comp.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes re_comp and re_exec take const char* arguments. resolver.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes and extern-declaration Fix const- and signedness of various char* parameters. Also, there is no "struct state", but _res is a struct __res_state. (Actually, _res is errno-like in that it is really a macro expanding to (*__res_state()).) rexec.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes The user, passwd and cmd arguments to rexec and rexec_af are all const. rtime.3 Rasmus Villemoes Replace header The header does not provide rtime(); does, as is also implied in both the NOTES and EXAMPLE sections. scandir.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototypes The alphasort and versionsort functions take arguments of type const struct dirent **, not const void *. setlocale.3 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen] Simplify locale category listing and add GNU-specific locale categories Some information that was here will move to locale(7). Marko Myllynen Remove now obsolete NOTES section setnetgrent.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The buflen argument to getnetgrent_r has type size_t. sigvec.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The vec argument to sigvec is const. tsearch.3 Rasmus Villemoes Fix prototype The rootp argument to tfind is "void * const *", not "const void **". core.5 Michael Kerrisk Core dump files are nowadays core.pid by default locale.5 Marko Myllynen Document mon_grouping and grouping properly Michael Kerrisk Note default value for 'first_workday' Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen] Add brief descriptions of collating-element and collating-symbol Marko Myllynen t_fmt_ampm is needed only for locales that employ AM/PM convention Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen] Remove crufty reference to /usr/lib/nls/src That file is nowhere to be found Marko Myllynen Clarify LC_TIME/am_pm and LC_NAME keywords usage am_pm should be defined only if AM/PM convention is used to signal applications they should not try to print them when using them in unwanted. Same for all LC_NAME keywords expect for name_fmt which should be always defined. Marko Myllynen Clarify lang_term / lang_lib As noted by Keld Simonsen in the lib-locales@sourceware mailing list: https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-locales/2014-q2/msg00008.html From: Keld Simonsen To: Marko Myllynen Date: Tue, 29 Apr 2014 17:02:09 +0200 lang_term reflects ISO 639-2/T (terminology) codes, while lang_lib reflects ISO 639-2/B (bibliographic) codes. lang_term is preferred over lang_lib codes for locale names. There are 20 specific ISO 639-2/B codes. Marko Myllynen Correct the FILES section proc.5 Michael Kerrisk 'pid_max' is a system-wide limit on number of threads and processes Since PIDs > /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max are not allocated, this file thus also imposes a system-wide limit on the number of threads and processes. capabilities.7 Michael Kerrisk CAP_SYS_ADMIN allows overriding RLIMIT_NPROC Michael Kerrisk CAP_SYS_PTRACE allows process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2) charsets.7 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen] Remove crufty statement that Romanian may be switching to ISO 8859-16 Michael Kerrisk Remove ancient paragraph on charsets supported in glibc 2.3.2 That test is rather ancient, and probably of little use. fanotify.7 Heinrich Schuchardt Fix to example program: fanotify read() should use aligned buffer inotify.7 Heinrich Schuchardt Add example program This example of the usage of the inotify API shows the usage of inotify_init1(2) and inotify_add_watch(2) as well as polling and reading from the inotify file descriptor. Heinrich Schuchardt munmap() does not generate inotify events locale.7 Marko Myllynen [Michael Kerrisk] Document the LOCPATH environment variable Michael Kerrisk Add further details on various categories ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.69 ==================== Released: 2014-06-14, Munich Contributors ------------ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: Cyril Hrubis Jan Chaloupka Jeff Layton Kirill A. Shutemov KOSAKI Motohiro Marko Myllynen Michael Kerrisk NeilBrown Peng Haitao Petr Gajdos Qian Lei Rasmus Villemoes Vasiliy Kulikov Walter Harms Yuri Kozlov Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- iconv.1 Marko Myllynen [Michael Kerrisk] New page for the iconv(1) command iconvconfig.8 Marko Myllynen New page for iconvconfig(8) Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- fcntl.2 Jeff Layton, Michael Kerrisk Document open file description locks As provided by the fcntl() operations F_OFD_SETLK, F_OFD_SETLKW, and F_OFD_GETLK Changes to individual pages --------------------------- locale.1 Marko Myllynen Add FILES section, add charmap(5) reference Marko Myllynen Align with recent charmap(5) / repertoiremap(5) changes execve.2 Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown] Before kernel 2.6.0, RLIMIT_NPROC had no effect for set*uid() Michael Kerrisk [Vasiliy Kulikov] RLIMIT_NPROC is checked only if preceded by set*uid() Michael Kerrisk [Vasiliy Kulikov, NeilBrown, KOSAKI Motohiro] Document EAGAIN error See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42704 fcntl.2 Michael Kerrisk Detail the limitations of traditional (process-associated) locks Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton] Describe how to check whether the kernel supports a particular command Michael Kerrisk ERRORS: add EINVAL for invalid 'cmd' Michael Kerrisk Add para introducing advisory locks and noting existence of OFD locks Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton] Add notes on F_SETLKW deadlock detection and its limitations Michael Kerrisk Add an explicit note that mandatory locking is not in POSIX Michael Kerrisk Rewrite introductory paragraphs on mandatory locking Make the structure more logical, and also explicitly mention OFD locks. Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton] Reword discussion of mandatory lock bug a little Jeff Layton confirmed that the bug remains even in modern kernels. Michael Kerrisk Explain POSIX background to EACCES/EAGAIN error for F_GETLK Michael Kerrisk Add NOTES subhead for record locking and NFS Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown] Note treatment of locks when an NFS client loses contact with the server Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton] nfsv4leasetime controls the "contact lost" interval for NFSv4 flock.2 Michael Kerrisk In some modern BSDs, fcntl() and flock() locks do interact So, reword and extend the discussion of this topic in NOTES. Michael Kerrisk Move NOTES text describing implementation of flock() Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown] Add more details on NFS, including Linux 2.6.37 changes Also: move NOTES text describing interaction of fcntl() and flock() locks. fork.2 Michael Kerrisk Add notes on inheritance of flock() and OFD locks across fork() lseek.2 Michael Kerrisk Add reference to open(2) for discussion of file descriptors and OFDs open.2 Michael Kerrisk Rework and extend the discussion of open file descriptions open_by_handle_at.2 Rasmus Villemoes Add reference to feature_test_macros(7) recvmmsg.2 Rasmus Villemoes Add reference to feature_test_macros(7) remap_file_pages.2 Michael Kerrisk [Kirill A. Shutemov] Note that remap_file_pages() is deprecated sendmmsg.2 Rasmus Villemoes Add reference to feature_test_macros(7) seteuid.2 Michael Kerrisk seteuid() and setegid() are implemented as library functions Michael Kerrisk Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0 setresuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Document EAGAIN error that can occur after kernel alloc_uid() failure Michael Kerrisk Since Linux 3.1, the EAGAIN case for RLIMIT_NPROC no longer occurs Michael Kerrisk Correct the description of the EAGAIN error Michael Kerrisk Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0 setreuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Document EAGAIN error that can occur after kernel alloc_uid() failure Michael Kerrisk Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0 Michael Kerrisk Add EAGAIN error for hitting RLIMIT_NPROC limit Michael Kerrisk Since Linux 3.1, the EAGAIN case for RLIMIT_NPROC no longer occurs setuid.2 Michael Kerrisk Document EAGAIN error that can occur after kernel alloc_uid() failure Michael Kerrisk Correct the description of the EAGAIN error Michael Kerrisk Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0 Michael Kerrisk Since Linux 3.1, the EAGAIN case for RLIMIT_NPROC no longer occurs statfs.2 Cyril Hrubis Update MAGIC constants Most of the updates are taken from /usr/include/linux/magic.h, some were found by grepping the Linux source code. Cyril Hrubis [Michael Kerrisk] fstatfs(2) was broken on file descriptors from pipe(2) syscalls.2 Michael Kerrisk Note that remap_file_pages() is deprecated basename.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions basename() and dirname() are thread safe. catgets.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function catgets() is thread safe. getdate.3 Rasmus Villemoes Use blank definition of _GNU_SOURCE in example program getdirentries.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function getdirentries() is thread safe. getdtablesize.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function getdtablesize() is thread safe. iconv.3 Qian Lei [Peng Haitao] ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function iconv() is thread safe. Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add iconvconfig(8) lockf.3 Qian Lei [Peng Haitao] ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function lockf() is thread safe. malloc_get_state.3 Rasmus Villemoes SYNOPSIS: use correct header The nonstandard functions malloc_set_state() and malloc_get_state() are provided by not . malloc_usable_size.3 Qian Lei ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function malloc_usable_size() is thread safe. matherr.3 Qian Lei [Peng Haitao] ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function matherr() is thread safe. mkdtemp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function mkdtemp() is thread safe. mkstemp.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions mkstemp(), mkostemp(), mkstemps() and mkostemps() are thread safe. mq_close.3 Qian Lei ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function mq_close() is thread safe. mq_getattr.3 Qian Lei ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The functions mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are thread safe. mq_open.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function mq_open() is thread safe. mq_receive.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions mq_receive() and mq_timedreceive() are thread safe. mq_send.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe The functions mq_send() and mq_timedsend() are thread safe. mq_unlink.3 Qian Lei ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function mq_unlink() is thread safe. posix_fallocate.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function posix_fallocate() is thread safe. posix_openpt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function posix_openpt() is thread safe. siginterrupt.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe The function siginterrupt() is not thread safe. system.3 Peng Haitao ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe The function system() is thread safe. charmap.5 Marko Myllynen Update to match current glibc charmap(5) was outdated, bring it to closer to reality by fixing syntax descriptions to match current glibc code and practices, adding missing options, removing obsolete comments and references, and removing now incorrect examples. locale.5 Marko Myllynen Clarify AM/PM settings a bit localedef(1) complains if really undefined, should be empty instead. Also: add some SEE ALSO references. Marko Myllynen Document glibc conventions regarding days and week Based on existing practice and glibc community wiki page at https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/Locales proc.5 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Chaloupka, Walter Harms] Add a brief description of /proc/fs repertoiremap.5 Marko Myllynen New page for repertoiremap(5) Rather obsolete feature but localedef(1) refers to repertoiremaps. bootparam.7 Petr Gajdos Describe 'rootflags' and 'rootdelay' kernel parameters Patch based on text from Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt charsets.7 Marko Myllynen Update to reflect past developments Rewrite the introduction to make Unicode's prominence more obvious. Reformulate parts of the text to reflect current Unicode world. Minor clarification for ASCII/ISO sections, some other minor fixes. Marko Myllynen List CJK encodings in the order of C, J, K environ.7 Michael Kerrisk SEE ALSO: add env(1), printenv(1), ld.so(8) locale.7 Marko Myllynen Add some SEE ALSO references man-pages.7 Michael Kerrisk Note that .TH 'date' field is nowadays automatically updated by scripts signal.7 Michael Kerrisk Describe EINTR semantics for recvmmsg(2) Michael Kerrisk Clarify text describing EINTR semantics for socket interfaces unicode.7 Marko Myllynen Update to reflect past developments The unicode(7) page will look more modern with few small changes: - drop old BUGS section, editors cope with UTF-8 ok these days, and perhaps the state-of-the-art is better described elsewhere anyway than in a man page - drop old suggestion about avoiding combined characters - refer to LANANA for Linux zone, add registry file reference - drop a reference to an inactive/dead mailing list - update some reference URLs utf-8.7 Marko Myllynen Drop an old comment about UTF-8 replacing ISO 8859 And add locale(1) under SEE ALSO.